Switching Technologies- 2 (Basic Switch Configuration)
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Transcript of Switching Technologies- 2 (Basic Switch Configuration)
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Basic switch configuration
1. Switches classification
2. Connecting to switch
3. Initial switch configuration
4. Updating switch firmware
5. Switch configuration loading and backup
6. Switches functional capabilities review
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Switches classification
There are three categories of switches:
Unmanaged switches;
Managed switches;
Smart switches.
Unmanaged switches do not support management and firmware update.
Managed switches are difficult devices, allowing to fulfill advanced functions of L2 and L3
of the OSI model. Switch management can be carried out through Web-interface, command
line interface (CLI), SNMP protocol, Telnet etc.
Smart switches take intermediate position. They give users possibility to configure certainnetwork parameters using intuitively clear management utilities, Web-interface, simplified
command line interface, SNMP protocol.
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Connecting to switch
Modern switches convenient:
- Web-interface;
- CLI;
- Telnet;
- SNMP-management.
D-Link Smart series switches also support initial configuration and firmware update
through D-Link SmartConsole Utility.
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To get connected to copper (RJ-
45 connector) Ethernet port of
other switch one can also use
any four-conjugate UTP cable of
5, 5, 6 category provided
that switch ports supportautomatic polarity
determination.
D-Link managed switches are equipped with a
console port. Depending on switch model,console port can have DB-9 or RJ-45 connector.
Connection through a console is also called
Out-of-Band connection which means that
console uses strategy different from usual
network connection (does not use bandwidth
of Ethernet ports).
After getting connected to switch console
port, it is necessary to launch VT100 terminal
emulation program (for example,
HyperTerminal in Windows). Then one should
set the following connection parameters
which, as a rule, are specified in device
documentation:
Connecting to switch
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Connecting to switch
When a switch is connected to a console, the following window appears (only for
switches with CLI):
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Use question sign ? also if you do not know command parameters. For example, if
you want to learn possible syntax variants of a show command, enter in acommand line:
DES-3528# show + space
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Basic switch configuration
Step 1. Switch protection against unauthorized access.
Set one of the following levels of privileges:Admin, Operatoror User.
Admin account has the highest level of privileges.
It is possible to create user account using the following CLI commands:
create account [admin | operator | user]
After that an invitation for password entry and input acknowledgement appears:
Enter a case-sensitive new password:
Enter the new password again for confirmation:
Maximum length of login and password is from 0 to 15 characters.
One can create about 10 user accounts for a switch.
After the account is successfully created there will be a word Success on a screen.
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Basic switch configuration
Example of the account with level of privileges admin and dlink user namecreation on DES-3528 switch:
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Change password
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Check up the and delete created account
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Basic switch configuration
Step 2. IP address adjustment.IP address can be set automatically by DHCP or BOOTP protocols or statically, by the
following CLI commands:
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Basic switch configuration
Step 3. Ports parameters configuration.
To set such parameters as transmit speed, full duplex/half-duplex operation, flowcontrol enable/disable, MAC addresses learning, automatic polarity determination etc.,
D-Link switches offer config ports command.
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Basic switch configuration
Step 4. Saving current switch configuration in nonvolatile RAM (NVRAM) memory.
To do this execute save command.
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Basic switch configuration
Step 5. Switch reboot using reboot command.
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Reset switch configuration
reset {[config | system]} {force_agree}
Ifno parameter is specified then switch current IP address, user accounts, and log-file arenot changed. All other parameters are restored to the factory default settings. Switch will
not save configuration in NVRAM and will not be rebooted.
If keyword config is specified, all factory default settings, including the IP address of
management interface, user accounts and log-file will be restored on the switch. A switch
will not save configuration in NVRAM and will not reboot.
If keyword system is specified, all factory default settings will be restored on the switch.
A switch will save these adjustments in NVRAM and will reboot.
The force_agree parameter allows to perform silent execution of reset command. It is not
necessary to enter Y/N. All factory default settings except IP address, user accounts and log-
file will be restored.
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Basic switch configuration
Step 6. Switch information review. DES-3528#show switchCommand: show switch
Device Type : DES-3528 Fast Ethernet Switch
MAC Address : 00-1E-58-50-15-10
IP Address : 192.168.100.241 (Manual)
VLAN Name : default
Subnet Mask : 255.255.255.0
Default Gateway : 0.0.0.0
Boot PROM Version : Build 1.00.B007
Firmware Version : Build 2.20.B028Hardware Version : A1
Serial Number : P1UM186000004
System Name :
System Location :
System Contact :
Spanning Tree : Disabled
GVRP : Disabled
IGMP Snooping : Disabled
MLD Snooping : Disabled
VLAN Trunk : Disabled
TELNET : Enabled (TCP 23)
WEB : Enabled (TCP 80)
SNMP : Disabled
SSL Status : Disabled
To get the information abouta switch (to look at its
general configuration)
execute show switch
command.
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Show commands
Show commands are convenient methods of checking switch parameters and its
state, giving the information required for monitoring and malfunctions detection.The list of general Show commands:
C i i h
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Connection to switch
management Web-interface
Communication between a client and a server is usually carried out through TCP/IP
connection (HTTP port number 80).
At the first connection to HTTP-server, it is necessary to do the following steps:
1. Check that IP address of a computer from which administration is exercised belongs tothe same subnet as IP address of a switch if routing is not adjusted in a network.
2. Then launch web-browser and enter default IP address of management interface (as a rule
it is underlined in user manual) in its address line.
3. User name and Password fields in the opened window of authentication are necessary toremain empty, after that press OK. Then switch Web-interface window will appear.
C ti t it h
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Connection to switch
management Web-interface
Area 1 contains folder list uniting set of functions intended for a certain task.
Area 2 represents graphical view of a front switch panel in real time. This area reflects ports,
switch expansion modules and their state.
Area 3 of Web-interface is a window intended for input and/or for a choice of data in area 1.
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Updating switch firmware
New firmware is downloaded on a switch via TFTP protocol (Trivial File Transfer Protocol).
To load firmware on a switch the following command is used (model DES-3528 is
considered; syntax in other models can differ):
For example:
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Switch configuration loading and backup
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Switches functional capabilities review
Many modern switches, irrespective of vendor, support a set of additional possibilities meeting
the common standards. Among the most widespread and the most used today are:
Virtual Local Area Networks (VLAN);
Spanning Tree protocols IEEE 802.1D, 802.1w, 802.1s;
Static and dynamic based on IEEE 802.3ad protocol Ethernet Link Aggregation;
Traffic segmentation;
Support of quality of service (QoS);
Security functions, including 802.1X authentication, Port Security, IP-MAC-Port Binding
functions etc.;
Multicast protocols;
Management with using of SNMP protocol, etc.