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Annual Report

2013 The Ubiquitous Swarm Lab

at UC Berkeley

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Table of Contents

Introduction .............................................................................................................................................. iii

Overture ...................................................................................................................................................... v

Swarm Lab Directors and Associated Faculty ........................................................................................ 1

Swarm Lab Students ................................................................................................................................. 8

Swarm Lab Seminars ................................................................................................................................ 30

Acknowledgements ................................................................................................................................. 57

Recent Publications ................................................................................................................................. 58

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INTRODUCTION Ken Lutz, Executive Director The Ubiquitous Swarm Lab at UC Berkeley The Ubiquitous Swarm Lab at UC Berkeley (Swarm Lab), now in its second year of operation, is a partnership of UCB researchers, leading electronics companies, and government research agencies. The mission of the Swarm Lab is to educate world class researchers while exploring a world flooded with “cyber-interface” nodes all interconnected in a vast global network. Faculty and students at the Swarm Lab collaborate in the design of communications system components with the Berkeley Wireless Research Center (BWRC), MEMS technology with the Berkeley Sensor and Actuator Center (BSAC), and applications for biomedical and environmental engineering with the Center for Information Technology Research in the Interest of Society (CITRIS) and the UCSF Medical School. This critical-mass combination of UC Berkeley researchers, leading corporate sponsors, and government funding agencies is instrumental in making truly significant, innovative advances possible. As you will see from this annual report, 2012 has been an exciting year at the Swarm Lab. Significant progress has been made in formulating the lab’s research agenda and initiating collaborative projects to explore the realization of the potential of the Swarm. The following section provides a brief introduction to the research themes of the Swarm Lab. Action Swarms Action Swarms networks of sensor rich systems, stationary and mobile, and heterogeneous in their sensor platforms and computational capabilities. Additionally, the sensors are taskable to enable the actions of multiple decision-makers. Action Swarms are perception-action systems, which are networked to reap the benefits of shared information, and which are physically and logically embedded in the physical systems that they sense and actuate. They present a conceptual shift of focus away from a passive information gathering viewpoint of instrumenting the physical world by embedding low power computing, sensing and communication nodes in the environment, to one of controlling the sensor networks themselves and, moreover, the physical systems in which they are embedded. As a result, the time criticality of taking actions makes temporal system dynamics become the central property. The systems of interest tightly integrate physical dynamics with computation and networking,

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and hence require abstractions for computation and networking that integrate temporal dynamics and concurrency. The research agenda in Action Swarms will provide the science and technology for establishing foundational research in several application areas, including energy efficient air transportation, energy efficient high productivity buildings, smart traffic networks, probing motor control systems, energy harvesting, and distributed methods of energy usage measurement. Interaction Swarms Interaction swarms envision future user experiences in computationally-enhanced environments. The guiding research question is: How will sensor swarms change how people interact with their physical environment and with digital information? As part of this work, we develop novel sensing platforms to measure and detect human activity. Form factors range from implants (such as electrocorticography) to body-worn devices (e.g., intelligent rings) and sensors deployed in building infrastructures. Our research also seeks to develop news tools and systems that support the design, prototyping, and implementation of interaction swarms. We seek to understand how to enable a wide range of practitioners to create the swarm interfaces of the future. Our work on design tools connects with the Software and Services research thrust in the Swarm Lab. Software & Services Platforms

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OVERTURE Jan M. Rabaey, Donald O. Pederson Distinguished Professor Founding Director of the Berkeley Ubiquitous Swarm Lab When we officially christened the Ubiquitous Swarm Lab at UC Berkeley in December 2011, it was hard to foresee where all of this would lead. The visions and the excitement were there for sure, but the roadmap was still nebulous. One year later, it is amazing to observe what has transpired. The center is packed to the rafters (both in the cubicle space as well as the labs), exciting activities spanning a huge spectrum are being spawned, and the weekly seminars are overflowing. Even better, The “Swarm” concept has spread widely, and is now accepted in many corporate boardrooms as being one of the main drivers behind innovation in information technology over the next few decades. We are proud to take partial credit for the “swarming” of this vision. We are grateful to Qualcomm for its major contribution that established the center, and helped us to build an infrastructure that is the envy of the campus, and incubate some of the early research trajectories. This kernel was sufficient to bring a number of other key players to the table. With Ericsson, NEC, Samsung and Toshiba, we have added partners who can help drive the center forward and improve the chances of success in our journey. An additional boost was received in late 2012 with the funding of the TerraSwarm proposal, led by Swarm Lab Director Prof. Edward Lee. Founded on the visions articulated by the Swarm Lab, the TerraSwarm proposal outlines a challenging research trajectory engaging virtually any domain in information technology. Funded by the semiconductor industry and DARPA joined in the StarNet consortium, TerraSwarm brings together some of the leading researchers in the US in distributed systems, control, security, embedded systems and sensor network platforms in a setting unparalleled in the world. Our first year of existence created a wide spectrum of highlights, featured in our two single day retreats (held in May and December), and detailed in this annual report. Rather than providing an extensive list (the report should speak for itself), I would like to pick one example that I believe truly exemplifies the swarm concept in the best possible way. The “Innovation” Lab class, run jointly by Profs Wright and Hartmann in the Fall of 2012, inspired a diverse group of students to produce an amazing array of swarm objects over the span of only 14 weeks. This truly demonstrates that something profound is happening, and that the vision of a world infused with trillions of connected devices may come sooner than we think. Enjoy the reading.

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Swarm Lab Faculty

Elad Alon Associate Professor of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences Elad Alon received the B.S., M.S., and Ph.D. degrees in Electrical Engineering from Stanford University in 2001, 2002, and 2006, respectively. In Jan. 2007, he joined the University of California at Berkeley as an Assistant Professor of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, where he is now a co-director of the Berkeley Wireless Research Center (BWRC). He has held positions at Sun Labs, Intel, AMD, Rambus, Hewlett Packard, and IBM Research, where he worked on digital, analog, and mixed-signal integrated circuits for computing, test and measurement, and high-speed communications. Dr. Alon received the IBM Faculty Award in 2008, the 2009 Hellman Family Faculty Fund Award, the 2010 UC Berkeley Electrical Engineering Outstanding Teaching Award, and the 2010 ISSCC Jack Raper Award for Outstanding Technology Directions Paper. His research focuses on energy-efficient integrated systems, including the circuit, device, communications, and optimization techniques used to design them. Prof. Alon's research focuses on the design, optimization, and implementation of Energy-Efficient Integrated Systems. His interests include analog, digital, and mixed-signal integrated circuit design, design methodologies for modern integrated systems, nano-mechanical relay device and circuit design, and high-speed wired, wireless, and optical communications.

Ana Arias Associate Professor of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences Prof. Arias received her PhD in Physics from the University of Cambridge, UK in 2001. Prior to that, she received her master and bachelor degrees in Physics from the Federal University of Paraná in Curitiba, Brazil in 1997 and 1995 respectively. She joined the University of California, Berkeley in January of 2011. Prof. Arias was the Manager of the Printed Electronic Devices Area and a Member of Research Staff at PARC, a Xerox Company. She went to PARC, in 2003, from Plastic Logic in Cambridge, UK where she led the semiconductor group. Her research focuses on the use of electronic materials processed from solution in flexible electronic systems. She uses printing techniques to fabricate flexible large area electronic devices and sensors.

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Bernhard E. Boser Professor of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences Bernhard E. Boser received the Diploma in Electrical Engineering from the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in 1984 and the M.S. and Ph.D. from Stanford University in 1985 and 1988. From 1988 he was a Member of Technical Staff in the Adaptive Systems Department at AT&T Bell Laboratories. In 1992 he joined the faculty in the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences at the University of California, Berkeley where he also serves as a co-Director of the Berkeley Sensor & Actuator Center and the UC Berkeley Swarm Lab. Dr. Boser's research is in the area of analog and mixed signal circuits, with special emphasis on sensor and actuator interfaces. In 2004 Dr. Boser co-founded SiTime, a fabless mixed signal semiconductor company where he served as Chief Scientist and designed the company’s first MEMS oscillator circuit. He is presently an advisor to the company. He has served on the program committees of the International Solid-State Circuits Conference, the Transducers Conference, the VLSI Symposium, and the Solid-State Sensor and Actuator Workshop. He has served the IEEE Solid-State Circuits Society as an Editor of the Journal of Solid-State Circuits, Chair of the Publications Committee, and in 2010 and 2011 was its President. In 2005/06 he was a visiting professor at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich, Switzerland. Dr. Boser is a Fellow of the IEEE.

Björn Hartmann Assistant Professor of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences Björn Hartmann is an Assistant Professor in EECS. He received a BA in Communication, BSE in Digital Media Design, and MSE in Computer and Information Science from the University of Pennsylvania in 2002. He received his PhD degree in Computer Science from Stanford University in 2009. His research in Human-Computer Interaction focuses on the creation and evaluation of user interface design tools, end-user programming environments, and crowdsourcing systems.

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John Kubiatowicz Professor of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences He received a double B.S. in Electrical Engineering and Physics, 1987, M.S. in Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1993, and a PhD in Electrical Engineering and Computer Science. Minor in Physics, 1998, all from M.I.T. He joined the faculty of EECS at UC Berkeley in 1998. Honors and awards include the Diane S. McEntyre Award for Excellence in Teaching, 2003, Scientific American 50, 2002, MoundsView High School Distinguished Alumni Award, 2001, Berkeley IT Award for Excellence in Undergraduate CS Teaching, 2000, Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers (PECASE), 2000, George M. Sprowls Award for best PhD thesis in EECS at MIT, 1998, IBM Graduate Fellowship, 1992 -1994, and Best Paper, International Conference on Supercomputing, 1993. Current research includes exploring the design of extremely-wide area storage utilities and developing secure protocols and routing infrastructures that provide privacy, security, and resistance to denial of service, while still allowing the caching of data anywhere, anytime. Also: exploring the space of Introspective Computing, namely systems which perform continuous, on-line adaptation. Applications include on-chip tolerance of flaky components and continuous optimization to adapt to server failures and denial of service attacks.

Edward A. Lee Professor of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences Edward A. Lee is the Robert S. Pepper Distinguished Professor and former chair of the Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences (EECS) department at U.C. Berkeley. His research interests center on design, modeling, and simulation of embedded, real-time computational systems. He is a director of Chess, the Berkeley Center for Hybrid and Embedded Software Systems, and is the director of the Berkeley Ptolemy project. He is co-author of five books and numerous papers. He has led the development of several influential open-source software packages, notably Ptolemy and its various spinoffs. His bachelor’s degree (B.S.) is from Yale University (1979), his masters (S.M.) from MIT (1981), and his Ph.D. from U. C. Berkeley (1986). From 1979 to 1982 he was a member of technical staff at Bell Telephone Laboratories in Holmdel, New Jersey, in the Advanced Data Communications Laboratory. He is a co-founder of BDTI, Inc., where he is currently a Senior Technical Advisor, and has consulted for a number of other companies. He is a Fellow of the IEEE, was an NSF Presidential Young Investigator, and won the 1997 Frederick Emmons Terman Award for Engineering Education. Professor Lee's research group studies cyber-physical systems, which integrate physical dynamics with software and networks. Specifically, his group has made major contributions in models of computation

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with time and concurrency, model-based design and analysis, domain-specific languages, architectures for real-time computing, schedulability analysis, and modeling and programming of distributed real-time systems. His group has been involved with parallel and distributed computing, including models of computation with distributed real-time behaviors, partitioning and scheduling algorithms, backtracking techniques for fault tolerance and recovery, dataflow models of computation, and modeling of sensor networks. His group has made key contributions in semantics of timed and concurrent systems, including domain polymorphism, behavioral type systems, metamodeling of semantics, and comparative models of computation. His group has also worked on blending computing with continuous dynamics and hybrid systems. Prof. Lee himself has an extensive background in signal processing and physical-layer communication systems, and has co-authored five books on these subjects, in addition to four books on embedded systems technologies. More information can be found at http://ptolemy.org.

Michel Maharbiz Associate Professor of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences Associate professor of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences at UC Berkeley. His current research centers on building micro/nano interfaces to cells and organisms and exploring bio-derived fabrication methods. His research group is also known for developing the world’s first remotely radio-controlled cyborg beetles; this was named one of the top 10 emerging technologies of 2009 by MIT’s Technology Review (TR10) and was among Time magazine’s Top 50 Inventions of 2009. His long-term goal is understanding developmental mechanisms as a way to engineer and fabricate machines. He received his Ph.D. in 2003 from UC Berkeley for his work on microbioreactor systems, which led to the foundation of Microreactor Technologies Inc., which was recently acquired by Pall Corporation. He has been a GE Scholar and an Intel IMAP Fellow.

Kris Pister Professor of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences Professor Kris Pister received a B.A. in Applied Physics from UC San Diego in 1986 and a M.S. and Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering from UC Berkeley in 1989 and 1992, respectively. He taught in the Electrical Engineering Department at UCLA prior to joining the faculty at UC Berkeley in 1996. He is currently a professor of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences at Berkeley as well as founder and current CTO of Dust Networks, a company commercializing the Smart Dust concept. Dr. Pister is known for his

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academic work on Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) and their simulation (the SUGAR MEMS simulator), his work on Smart Dust, and his membership in the JASON Defense Advisory Group. I have a three-tiered effort in the Swarm Lab to explore wireless sensor/actuator networks (WSN). The near term is focused on developing platforms and projects based on wireless sensors. The mid-term effort is geared around removing the barriers to the ubiquitous adoption of this technology. The long-term, far-out goals are to give the Swarm mobility, with micro robot wireless sensors. The OpenWSN project at Berkeley is creating an open-source, standards-based, multi-platform, multi-OS software environment in which to explore WSN. The goal of this project is that any Swarm node can communicate directly with applications running in the cloud using IPv6 packets and 6LoWPAN, and the new RPL routing protocol. Forming reliable, low-power, secure mesh networks is a difficult challenge, and the Wireless HART standard, IEC62591, is one of the very few commercially successful WSN standards deployed today. The reliability and low-power routing capability of that protocol are now standardized in IEEE802.15.4E. To date, OpenWSN has demonstrated interoperable open-source implementations of 15.4E, 6LoWPAN, RPL, and UDP inter-operating between several different open-source hardware platforms with several different embedded operating systems. Applications development environments are only as useful as the applications that they enable. Our first application project is to develop wireless power monitoring for the swarm lab, using "plug-through" sensors powered by magnetic energy scavenging. In contrast with existing power monitoring hardware, these plug-through disks, the size of a US quarter, are designed to retail for less than a cup of coffee. Swarms of WSN are finally starting to appear. Initial limitations associated with network performance have been shown to be solvable. Broad adoption is now in part limited by cost. Cost in WSN systems today is limited in part by the silicon die area of the radio, and in part by the rest of the node bill of materials: e.g. power supply, crystals, antenna. We have demonstrated a 900 MHz radio transceiver which takes up less than 0.5mm2 of silicon area in 0.18um CMOS, as little as 0.1mm2 in 65nm. We are currently developing algorithms to enable crystal-free radio, completely removing the need for crystals as frequency or time references, even in time-synchronized channel-hopping mesh networks. In addition, we are working to integrated nano-Watt scavenging capability on-chip, with integrated solar cells to provide enough power to send several IPv6 packets per hour, even in low-light conditions. Ultimately the goal is a fully-integrated, truly single-chip mote, with zero external components. Finally, the ultimate goal of the the Pister group effort in the swarm lab is to create micro robots which form the output, our actuation, side of the wireless sensor/actuator swarm. With the right raw materials to work with, these synthetic "social insects" will be be able to build 3D structures to order with extremely high strength to weight ratios, live inside these structures, and repair them if they are damaged.

Jan Rabaey Donald O. Pederson Distinguished Professor of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences Jan Rabaey received his Ph.D degree in applied sciences from the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium. After being connected to UC Berkeley as a Visiting Research Engineer, he was a research manager at IMEC, Belgium. In 1987, he joined the faculty of the Electrical Engineering and Computer Science department of the University of California, Berkeley, where he now holds the Donald O. Pederson Distinguished Professorship. From 1999 until 2002, he served as the Associate Chair of the

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EECS Dept of UC Berkeley. He is currently the scientific co-director of the Berkeley Wireless Research Center (BWRC), as well as the director of the FCRP Multiscale Systems Research Center (MuSyC). Ultra-Low Energy Wireless Exploring the boundaries of ultra-low energy design. Design of microscopic systems, including all components from energy sources, conversion and storage, interfaces, digital and mixed signal. Applications include active tags, smart objects and wireless biology. Aetherplug - Advanced Spectrum Utilization The Aether-Plug project promises to deliver an abstraction of a universally accessible and always-available wireless interconnect medium with virtually unconditional reliability. “Connectivity Brokerage” is the central idea: when turning spectrum and energy into dynamically tradable commodities, resources are utilized a lot better, which opens the door for virtually unlimited spectrum availability.

Claire Tomlin Professor of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences Professor Claire Tomlin graduated from the University of Waterloo with a B.A.Sc. in 1992, from Imperial College London with a M.Sc. in 1993, and from the University of California, Berkeley with a PhD in 1998. She currently holds a joint appointment as an associate professor in the Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics and the Department of Electrical Engineering at Stanford University, where she is director of the Hybrid Systems Laboratory, and as an associate professor in the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at University of California, Berkeley. In 2003, she was named to the MIT Technology Review TR100 as one of the top 100 innovators in the world under the age of 35. She was named a MacArthur Fellow in September 2006. Her research focuses on applications, unmanned aerial vehicles, air traffic control and modeling of biological processes.

John Wawrzynek Professor of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences He received a B.S. in Electrical Engineering from SUNY, Buffalo, 1977, a M.S. in EE from the University of Illinois, Urbana/Champaign, 1979, and a Ph.D. in Computer Science from the California Institute of Technology, 1987. Prior to joining the EECS faculty in 1988 he was a consultant at Schlumberger Palo Alto Research. Honors and awards include the Charles Lee Powell Fellowship, 1985; the NASA Certificate of Recognition, 1983; and the Rensselaer Engineering and Science Medal, 1975. My research centers on 1) the design, implementation, and application of reconfigurable computing systems, and 2) VLSI Design. Reconfigurable systems are highly parallel and offering fine-grained programmability, often at the sub-word level. This flexibility makes them ideal emulation platforms and

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highly efficient computational structures. As computational structures are specialized on a per-application basis, within many application domains, these systems offer several orders of magnitude higher cost-performance than conventional processors. Work in my group involves a coordinated effort on the design of reconfigurable computing devices and machines, development of novel programming systems, and application of reconfigurable computing systems to real-world computing and simulation tasks.

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Swarm Lab Students

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Behnam Behroozpour Baghmisheh, PhD 2017 Advisor: Bernhard Boser ________________________________________________________________ MEMS-Electronics-Photonics Heterogeneous Integration Email: behroozpour@berkeley.edu Publications 3D integration by means of through-silicon-vias (TSV) has already found its way in the consumer market (Fig 1). Extending this paradigm to the electronic-photonic interface brings well known benefits to extreme miniaturization, product modularity, ease of testing and reduced cost. In addition, 3D integration enables us to demonstrate a FMCW LADAR system in a small area of 3mm by 3mm with so many benefits brought to the optical and active photonic parts of the system by means of electronics, like compensation against unwanted environmental effects as temperature variation. This system will include a FMCW Laser source and a receiver. In the source we will use an OPLL (Fig 2) to generate a frequency chirp, and in the receiver we will use interference of the optical signal coming back from the target and a part of the source signal to generate an electric signal for which the frequency is proportional to the target distance. Then this frequency will be divided to the output frequency of the MZI in the FMCW source to find the target distance with reference to the differential optical length of the MZI.

Fig 1. Schematic depicting the MEMS-Electronic-Photonic Fig 2. FMCW Laser source using an OPLL Heterogeneous Integration (MEPHI) architecture

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David Burnett, PhD 2017 Joey Greenspun, PhD 2017 Advisor: Kris Pister ________________________________________________________________ Project name here Email: db@eecs.berkeley.edu Email: greenspun@eecs.berkeley.edu Publications

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Fabien Chraim, PhD 2014 Advisor: Kris Pister ________________________________________________________________ Smart Fence Email: fabien.chraim@gmail.com Publications Following the successful showcase of the Smart Fence technology, this project aims at using MEMS and Electro-Chemical Sensors in combination with Low-Power radios to impelment industrial wireless sensing applications. In particular, and at the Chevron-Richmond refinery, fence-line gas sensing is added to the previous security application with regular reporting of H2S, CO and VOC concentrations. Using MEMS accelerometers and magnetometers, valve position monitoring and machine vibration sensing are added for safeguarding both personnel and equipment. This project is concerned both with the COTS-based hardware and software behind each application.

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Joseph Corea, PhD 2016 Advisor: Ana Claudia Arias ________________________________________________________________ Large Area Electronic Devices Email: jrcorea@eecs.berkeley.edu Publications Screen printing large area circuits and antennas for swarm devices such as E-wallpaper. Creating hardware for new devices, such as electronic wallpaper, poses the challenge of integrating traditional silicon devices with plastic large area platforms. Going from devices on a chip that measure a few nanometers to a platform that could potentially measure a few meters presents new problems of scale. We plan to solve these problems by taking advantage of breakthroughs in printed electronics along with appropriate existing fabrication techniques to solve these new goals. We present preliminary results from early prototypes and introduce several fabrication methods.

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Burak Eminoglu, PhD 2017 Yu-Ching Yeh, PhD 2016 Advisor: Bernhard Boser ________________________________________________________________ Quadrature FM Gyroscope Email: eminoglu@eecs.berkeley.edu Email: ycyeh@eecs.berkeley.edu Publications Kline, M.H.; Yeh, Y.; Eminoglu, B.; Najar, H.; Daneman, M.; Horsley, D.A.; Boser, B.E."Quadrature FM Gyroscope", IEEE MEMS 2013.

We present a gyroscope operating mode that reduces bias errors and scale factor drift and allows whole angle read-out. The gyroscope proof mass orbits in a circle at its natural frequency. An outside observer rotating under the proof mass then perceives a frequency change. If the observer rotates in the same direction as the orbital spin, the perceived frequency decreases, and in the opposite direction, the frequency increases. The addition of a second gyroscope that spins in the opposite direction enables a differential measurement, reducing temperature sensitivity. The frequency difference is exactly the angular rate; thus, the phase difference is the whole angle. Rate bias errors due to mechanical quadrature and cross-axis damping are periodic on the current angle of the proof mass relative to the sensor frame and are hence averaged out over one cycle. A 3-theta dual ring gyroscope chip with integrated CMOS buffer electronics and an off-chip controller demonstrates the technique. She worked on millimeter-wave wireless transceivers for her master thesis, and current research interests focus on MEMS sensor interface circuits.

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Igor Izyumin, PhD 2014 Advisor: Bernhard Boser ________________________________________________________________ Magnetic Particle Flow Cytometer Email: izyumin@eecs.berkeley.edu Publications Flow cytometry is a technique used to measure the individual properties of cells or other small biological particles in a large sample. Conventional flow cytometers use fluorescent markers and sensitive optical detectors to measure multiple cell parameters as cells flow past the detector at high speed. While these instruments allow rapid measurement of a large number of parameters, they are expensive, complex, and difficult to operate. By eliminating optical background signals and simplifying sample preparation, magnetic particle-based flow cytometers can potentially greatly expand the range of flow cytometry applications, and bring flow cytometry to the point of care.

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Mitchell Kline, PhD 2014 Advisor: Bernhard Boser ________________________________________________________________

Frequency Modulated Rate Sensor Email: bmb@eecs.berkeley.edu Publications Conventional AM gyroscopes suffer from low scale factor and signal amplitudes and consequent high sensitivity to electronic noise and systematic errors such as quadrature. Matching the modes of the drive and sense axis results in significantly larger signals but suffers from limited bandwidth and the challenge to maintain accurate matching over process and environmental variations. The quadrature FM gyroscope (QFM) relies on large constant amplitude oscillations in both the drive and sense modes and infers rate from the frequency modulated output. Unlike the mode-matched conventional AM gyroscope, it has high bandwidth and its scale factor is not a function of Q. A differential dual-mass design eliminates the sensitivity to the resonant frequency of the device. The QFM leverages the orders-of-magnitude performance advantage of mode-matching without the drawbacks.

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Claire Lochner, PhD 2016 Advisor: Ana Claudia Arias ________________________________________________________________ Red and Near-Infrared Solution-Processed Light Emitting Diodes for Wearable Medical Devices Email: clochner@eecs.berkeley.edu Publications: N. Ruchansky, C. Lochner, E. Do, T. Rawls, N. Hajj Chehade, J. Chien, G. Pottie, and W. Kaiser, “Monitoring Workspace Activities Using Accelerometers,” Presented at the IEEE Int. Conf. Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, Prague, Czech Republic, May 22-27, 2011, Paper 3857 ITT-P2

Solution-processed electronic materials have the potential to yield devices that are flexible and conformal to the human body. We are developing the components needed for the fabrication of wearable flexible pulse oximeters. A pulse oximeter is a medical device that monitors a person’s blood oxygen concentration while under general anesthesia or suffering from a respiratory condition. Here, we present the characterization of polymer-based light emitting diodes (PLEDs) designed specifically for pulse oximetry, which requires red and near-infrared light sources to calculate the ratio of oxygenated to de-oxygenated hemoglobin. Red PLEDs with peak emission at 620nm have been fabricated from a blend of poly(9,9-dioctyl-fluorene-co-N-(4-butylphenyl)-diphenylamine) (TFB), Poly[(9,9-di-n-octylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl)-alt-(benzo[2,1,3]thiadiazol-4,8-diyl)] (F8BT), and Poly((9,9-dioctylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl)-alt-(4,7-bis(3-hexylthiophen-5-yl)-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole)-2',2''-diyl) (TBT). This red PLED has an irradiance of 3.5µW/cm2 and .27% external quantum efficiency at 4.5V operating voltage. NIR OLEDs are being developed by doping the polymer blend poly(9-vinylcarbazole):2-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-5-(4-biphenylyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole (PVK:PBD) with the phosphorescent small molecule F8-PtTPTNP, a member of the platinum porphyrin family known for NIR luminescence.

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Michael Lorek, PhD 2014 Advisor: Kris Pister, Steven Lanzisera, LBNL ________________________________________________________________

Stick-on Electricity Meters for Cost Effective Energy Information Email: mlorek@eecs.berkeley.edu Publications We propose the development and testing of a system of technologies to minimize the installed cost of electricity sub-metering in buildings. This system utilizes non-contact, self-calibrating voltage and current sensors and wireless communication to eliminate the need for installation by an electrician, installation of conduit and enclosures, and installation of wired communication infrastructure. Electricity sub-metering is a critical component for continuous commissioning, fault detection and diagnosis, demand response, and other energy efficiency opportunities.

Michael Lorek, PhD 2014 Advisor: Kris Pister ________________________________________________________________ Fully Integrated, Low Input Voltage, Switched-Capacitor DC-DC Converter for Energy Harvesting Applications Email: mlorek@eecs.berkeley.edu Publications This project explores the design of a fully integrated, switched-capacitor DC-DC converter to convert small amounts of energy from photovoltaic or other low voltage energy sources. Clever bootstrapping techniques are used to ensure circuit startup without high-voltage or mechanical assists. Nanopower oscillator topologies are being investigated for minimum power and input voltage operation. Advanced timing schemes are used to minimize charge reversion loss and clock driver short circuit currents for increased efficiency. A boosted output voltage around 1.5V is targeted for compatibility with older CMOS technologies, offering a power advantage in heavily duty cycled applications where leakage is dominant. This work will enable the integration of CMOS circuitry and power supply on the same substrate for true single-chip, autonomous computing platforms.

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Brian Lunt, PhD 2016 Advisor: Ana Claudia Arias ________________________________________________________________ Ultrathin Films of Peptoids for Application in Electronics Email: lunt@eecs.berkeley.edu Publications We are investigating the use of peptoids (poly-N-substituted glycines) in electronic devices. Thin film transistors (TFTs) require the controlled deposition of thin films. We have deposited peptoid films using Langmuir-Blodgett and Layer-by-Layer techniques and have performed AFM on these films. The addition of cobalt ions to such films is being investigated as a means to produce semiconducting or conducting peptoid films. A biosensor containing a monolayer film of peptoids is being produced capable of detecting the concentration of Casein Kinase II in liquid samples. Electronic devices composed of soft matter (organic/polymeric materials) are receiving much attention nowadays because of their low weight, ease of processing, and flexible nature. Particularly, devices composed of biological molecules are very attractive since a higher number of functionalities can be incorporated, and environmentally-friendly devices can be fabricated. From the practical point of view, a critical parameter to the fabrication of electronic devices, such as thin film transistors (TFTs), is the controlled deposition of thin films. Since the operating voltage of such devices is controlled by the gate dielectric thickness and dielectric constant, extremely thin layers of semiconductor/insulator material could result in low operating voltage. Moreover, techniques that allow the deposition of large-area and patterned films are of great importance because they open the possibility of technological products fabrication. In this work we have deposited thin films of peptoids (poly-N-substituted glycines) on various substrates and have conducted AFM studies. We have utilized both the Langmuir-Blodgett and the Layer-by-Layer deposition techniques by using a Langmuir trough and Quartz Crystal Microbalance. The addition of cobalt ions to the insulating peptoid films is being investigated as a means of producing semiconducting or conducting thin films. Further, we are producing a biosensor capable of detecting the presence and concentration of the enzyme Casein Kinase II (CK2). This device is fabricated by phenylethyl silanizing a heavily doped silicon substrate and depositing a monolayer film of peptoid via the Langmuir-Blodgett or Langmuir-Schaefer technique. The peptoid film contains peptide sequences that bind CK2, which, in the presence of Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP), dephosphorylates ATP to Adenosine Diphosphate (ADP), rendering the film surface negatively charged. The accumulation of charge at the film surface can be detected by measuring the potential difference between the silicon substrate and a reference electrode, thereby allowing one to determine the concentration of CK2.

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Filip Maksimovic, PhD 2016 Advisor: Jan Rabaey ________________________________________________________________ Compressive Sensing for High-Density Wireless Electrocorticography Email: fil@eecs.berkeley.edu Publications Electrocorticography (ECoG) has been identified as a prime candidate for a sensing platform for future brain-machine interfaces (BMI). This would be used to reroute motion-related neural signals around damage nervous systems. To improve accessibility of this BMI implant, the sensor should be wireless. However, to improve spatial sensing resolution, it is necessary to have very densely spaced electrodes (<1mm spacing). With state-of-the-art neural ADCs sampling at 1 kHz, a 16x16 electrode grid would require an uplink speed of around 3 Mbps. In addition, sampling alone would cost 1.3mW of power. This already strains the wireless power link, and if there is a need for even more electrodes, there is not enough power to sample everything. One potential solution to this problem is a signal processing technique for acquiring a signal and reconstructing it without sampling at or above the Nyquist rate. This relies on using an L1 minimization to solve an underdetermined system of equations imposed by the reduced number of samples. There are two requirements for successfully implementing a compressed sampling scheme. The first is sparsity, which means that a signal must be represented by few basis vectors of some transform. The second is incoherence, which means that the transformation matrix (to the sparse basis) and the measurement or sampling matrix are uncorrelated. For example, the time domain and frequency domain are fully incoherent. Unfortunately, the signal-to-noise ratio in ECoG signals is not very high, which means that temporal subsampling is quite difficult. However, there is significant spatial correlation between adjacent electrodes – particularly in high density arrays. The wavelet representation of the array at a given point in time could be sparse. In this case, only a small random set of electrodes can be used to infer the entire signal.

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Travis Massey, PhD 2014 Advisor: Michel Maharbiz ________________________________________________________________ Insect Interfaces Email: tlmassey@eecs.berkeley.edu Publications We are developing multi-electrode interfaces to stimulate and record from the sensory and muscular systems of insects. Primarily of interest is achieving human-controlled insect flight in blowflies and dragonflies by providing false sensory information to their halteres and ocelli, respectively. Our high-density interfaces also allow investigation into open scientific questions about the visual systems and sensory integration of insects. Additionally, we have experimented with bio fuel cells to extract usable electrical energy from oxidation of glucose and trehalose in the insects' hemolymph.

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Pramod Murali, PhD 2016 Advisor: Bernhard Boser and Ali Niknejad ________________________________________________________________ Magnetic Particle Flow Cytometer Email: pramodm@eecs.berkeley.edu Publications: Flow Cytometry is a powerful technique used in health and disease diagnostics. This technique is used to analyze and sort individual cells of a biological sample. Some of the applications include, HIV and cancer detection, water quality monitoring, food safety among many others. Commercial equipments use laser source and an optical detector to study cells labeled with fluorescent molecules. Such an approach is expensive, bulky and suffers from optical background noise. We propose to replace the fluorescent markers with magnetic nano-particles (MNPs) to be detected by CMOS chips. Apart from eliminating the need for sample preparation, this approach has the advantage of being low cost, portable and disposable. We use the phenomenon of frequency dependent complex susceptibility behaviour of the magnetic nanoparticles to distinguish different cells. Currently, we are in the process of characterizing different MNPs. Our goal is to combine the advantages of CMOS technology and the numerous applications of Flow Cytometry to meet the needs of point-of-care diagnostics.

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Aminy Ostfeld, PhD 2016 Advisor: Ana Claudia Arias ________________________________________________________________ Carbon Nanotube Networks as Transparent Electrodes for Photovoltaics Email: aminy@eecs.berkeley.edu Publications Single-walled carbon nanotubes are an attractive electrode material for photovoltaics and other optoelectronic devices due to their ability to form transparent, highly conductive networks. Unlike indium tin oxide (ITO), today’s standard transparent electrode material, carbon nanotube networks are flexible and easily fabricated from solution. These benefits, along with the scarcity of indium, promise a reduction in materials and processing costs for solar modules if carbon nanotube networks are used in place of ITO. Typical carbon nanotube inks are prepared by dispersing the nanotubes and a surfactant in water by ultrasonication, a process which cuts and damages the nanotubes. In an alternative, sonication-free method of ink fabrication, the nanotubes are chemically reduced in the presence of liquid ammonia and alkali metal, and the resulting nanotubide salt dissolves spontaneously in a polar organic solvent. Carbon nanotube films produced by this reductive dissolution technique are approaching the performance of ITO in terms of optical transmittance and electrical conductance. We have fabricated organic solar cells using these carbon nanotube films as transparent electrodes, and have achieved power conversion efficiency comparable to that of solar cells using ITO.

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Adrien Pierre, PhD 2016 Advisor: Ana Claudia Arias ________________________________________________________________ Project name here Email: apierre@eecs.berkeley.edu Publications

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Richard Przybyla, PhD 2014 Advisor: Bernhard Boser ________________________________________________________________ Ultrasonic Depth Sensor Email: rjp@berkeley.edu Web Page: http://www.eecs.berkeley.edu/~rjp/ Publications We are building chip-scale ultrasonic depth sensors that will enable gesture recognition in mobile devices with power dissipation on the order of milliwatts. We are designing an energy efficient custom integrated circuit which will interface with an array of aluminum nitride (AlN) piezoelectric micromachined ultrasound transducers (pMUTs) to perform depth sensing over a maximum range of 1-2 meters. User interfaces are undergoing a revolution. The touchscreen has largely replaced the keypad in mobile devices. Low cost inertial sensors enabled a new generation of hands-on gaming with great success. 3D imagers are now beginning to eliminate the controller from gaming consoles altogether. Gesture control is highly desirable for many additional applications, but unfortunately optical 3D imagers are too large, sunlight sensitive, and power hungry to be incorporated in an energy-constrained environment such as a mobile device. The power dissipation of current optical depth sensors is on the order of one to ten watts. The power dissipation is dominated by the CMOS cameras and CMOS image processing chips which together form a depth image. Since incremental process improvements are unlikely to produce 2-3 orders of magnitude of power reduction before the next decade, a different approach is needed to build mobile-friendly gesture recognition systems. Animals that live in environments that are not well-suited to optical vision rely on ultrasonic echolocation to navigate and hunt. We propose to emulate this evolutionary feature by building chip-scale ultrasonic depth sensors that will enable gesture recognition with power dissipation on the order of milliwatts. We will design an energy efficient custom integrated circuit which will interface with an array of aluminum nitride (AlN) piezoelectric micromachined ultrasound transducers (pMUTs). Thus far, our research has focused on building three different prototype systems and using these to validate the theoretical model that we developed to predict the performance of ultrasonic depth sensors. We developed an electromechanical model for the transducer which was extended to predict ranging performance, and to validate these models we built two different pulse-echo ultrasonic rangefinders. Most recently, we designed a 2D depth sensor which uses a single-chip array of ultrasound transducers to measure range and direction to a target. It has a maximum range of 750mm and can track a user’s hand movements in 2 dimensions. In the next six months, we will design an integrated circuit to interface with an array of ultrasound transducers. This prototype will be optimized for energy efficiency. The integrated circuit will consist of 10 channels, of which each will have transmit drivers and a receiver. The receiver will be made up of a

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low-noise front-end followed by a sigma-delta band-pass ADC which will convert the received signal into a bitstream. Off chip demodulation and decimation will be followed by a target tracking algorithm which will identify targets in the system’s field of view. The system will also automatically track changes in the transducers’ resonant frequencies. A typical portable device will need a gesture recognition range of <1m, which can be met with about 400nJ/sample/element for a 10 element array. Combined with a liberal ADC power consumption budget of 60μW per channel, a 2D depth sensor system could operate at 100 samples/second for 1mW power consumption. The target applications is gesture recognition for consumer electronics, where the user could control a tablet or computer by moving their hands in front of the device. This could also be used to control a cursor’s location on a screen.

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Simon Scott, PhD 2016 Advisor: John Wawrzynek ________________________________________________________________ Architecture, Algorithms and Applications of the eWallpaper Email: simonscott@berkeley.edu Publications eWallpaper is a smart wallpaper with thousands of low-power, RISC-V processors embedded within the paper. The motivation behind this concept is to remove the processing power from mobile devices and rather embed it within the environment itself. The first iteration of the eWallpaper therefore consists of a regular grid of processors, spaced 25mm apart and connected in a 2D mesh network. Each processor has its own radio transceiver and antenna. In order to keep the wallpaper flexible and low-cost, conductive ink technologies are used to print the wires between neighboring processors. Furthermore, the antennas are also printed using silver ink. An important function of the wallpaper is 3D radar imaging through use of the radio transceiver array. This enables applications such as: (a) gesture recognition for controlling home appliances and multimedia, (b) pervasive monitoring of human vital signs, and (c) human recognition and tracking throughout the house for security purposes. A second, but no less important, function of the eWallpaper is to act as the gateway between the "swarm of sensors" within the room and the "computing cloud" outside. Since the wallpaper contains a large number of antennas arranged in an array, numerous narrow-beam communication links can be simultanouesly formed between the wall and devices within the room. Since each of these links has a narrow gain pattern, the communication links can be isolated from one another. This both reduces interference between independent sensors and improves security. There are numerous challenges in implementing the eWallpaper, ranging from interfacing the silicon die to the flexible wallpaper, designing compact antennas and developing imaging algorithms that are able to operate efficiently over such a large number of processors.

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DJ Seo, PhD 2017 Advisor: Elad Alon and Michel Maharbiz ________________________________________________________________ Integrated Circuits and Systems Solution to Accelerate Wound Healing Email: djseo@eecs.berkeley.edu Publications When we are injured, an electric wound field gradient appears at the site of injury. Such lateral electric field within the cell is caused by the potential difference between the intact epithelium and the low-resistive path in the vicinity of wound, as shown in Fig. 1. The modification of this endogenous electric field (shape, amplitude, timing, etc.) has been shown to affect tissue response and the process of healing. However, the clinical state-of-the-art in this area consists of bulk manipulation of this field via fairly crude systems. In order to significantly advance the capabilities of this promising approach, we propose to create a miniaturized, electronic system that provides a high degree of direct, spatiotemporal control over wound fields in an attempt to optimize and control the healing process.

Fig. 1. Localized skin injury damages the membrane and creates a short at the wound site, leading to an efflux of ions guided by diffusion.

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Chris Sutardja, PhD 2016 Advisor: Jan Rabaey ________________________________________________________________ Project Name Here Email: christopher.sutardja@gmail.com Publications Externally powered implants for Brain Machine Interfaces would greatly improve the feasibility of wide-scale adoption of these devices. An RFID communication scheme is a prime candidate to facilitate delivering wireless power and communicating to an ECoG (Electrocorticography) implant. RFID readers are conventionally designed using bulky external isolators that isolate the transmitted carrier from the received backscatter signal, which significantly eases the linearity requirements of the analog front-end of the receiver. For BMI applications, however, these components would be far too large for practical everyday use. We are currently investigating fully-integrated RFID reader architectures that retain high sensitivity and linearity performance while requiring no external components. These designs use clever analog signal processing techniques to remove the interferer without desensitizing the receiver to the desired backscatter signal.

Figure 1: Conventional RFID architecture (a) vs. Isolator-less RFID architecture (b).

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Hao-Yen Tang, PhD 2017 Advisor: Bernhard Boser ________________________________________________________________ Project name here Email: b96901108@eecs.berkeley.edu Publications

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Swarm Seminar Series

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Fall 2013

DJ Seo UC Berkeley _______________________________________________________________ Neural Dust: An Ultrasonic, Low Power Solution for Scalable and Chronic Brain-Machine Interfaces September 5, 2013

A seamless, high density, chronic interface to the human brain is essential to enable clinically relevant applications such as brain-machine interfaces (BMI). Currently, a major hurdle in BMI is the lack of an implantable neural interface system that remains viable for a lifetime due to the development of biological response near the electrode. Recently, sub-mm implantable RF-based wireless neural interfaces have been demonstrated in an effort to extend system longevity, but the implant size scaling (and therefore density) is ultimately limited by the power available to the implant. Therefore, my project investigates an entirely new method of wireless power and data telemetry using ultrasound, which can address fundamental issues associated with using RF to interrogate miniaturized implants, and enable scaling of implants down to 10's of um. Such ultra-miniature as well as extremely compliant implantable neural interface has the potential to allow massive scaling in the number of neural recordings from the brain while providing a path towards truly chronic BMI. This seminar will cover key concepts of neural dust, neural recording systems built from low-power CMOS circuitry coupled with ultrasonic power delivery and backscatter communication. More specifically, I will present (1) fundamental system design trade-offs, (2) ultimate size, power, and bandwidth scaling limits, and (3) multi-node interrogation algorithms to resolve signals from different nodes.

About the speaker: Dongjin (DJ) Seo received the B.S. degree in electrical engineering with honors from the California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, in 2011. He is currently working toward the Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering at the University of California Berkeley, under the guidance of Professor Elad Alon and Prof. Michel Maharbiz. His research interests include low-power integrated circuit design, biosensor/circuit interfaces and next-generation wireless circuits and systems for communication. His research is funded by the NSF Graduate Research Fellowship.

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Jeff Koftinoff Meyer Sound _______________________________________________________________ Audio Video Bridging and Time Sensitive Networks for Real Time Media and Control September 12, 2013

The new ethernet standards bring real time capabilities to networking. I will present an overview of the collection of AVB standards IEEE Std 802.1AS-2011 (gPTP), IEEE Std 802.1Q-2011 (FQTSS and SRP), IEEE Std 1722-2011 (AVTP), and IEEE Std 1722.1-2013 (AVDECC) with focus on the newly ratified AVDECC protocol for discovery, enumeration, connection management, and control. There will be explanations of how these protocols work together to create a cohesive real time media network without needing any proprietary technologies. Additional discussion will cover new work being done in the IEEE Time Sensitive Networking group and the IEEE P1722A group to provide real time control streams and their use cases.

About the speaker: Jeff has been active in the pro music and sound industry since 1986, with a focus on live performance control systems and audio signal processing systems. Jeff is one of the designers of the LCS series LD-88 and Matrix3 matrix processing products as well as the Meyer Sound Galileo loudspeaker management and the D-Mitri audio processing platform. Jeff has been directly involved with the IEEE Audio Video Bridging standards development effort since 2009 and is currently an editor for the next amendment to the AVB Audio Video Transport Protocol, IEEE P1722a, as well as an editor for the IEEE Std 1722.1-2013, the AVB "Discovery, Enumeration, Connection Management, and Control" protocol also known as AVDECC.

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Vijay Srinivasan Samsung _______________________________________________________________

Power-Efficient User Activity Recognition and Longitudinal Pattern Mining on Smartphones September 19, 2013

Modern smartphones can record a wealth of sensor and phone usage da-ta that can be combined to create a highly personalized experience for end users. In this talk, we present an overview of two projects in this direction at Samsung Research America: power-efficient user activity recognition and longitudinal user pattern mining on smartphones.

We first present a power-efficient activity recognition system that classi-fies accelerometer-only data into user activities. We propose an adaptive duty cycling mechanism that achieves 90% of the accuracy of an always-on activity recognition system over 8 users, while reducing power con-sumption by 81.9%. As proof of concept, we present two applications that display a snapshot of the user's activities to raise awareness on physical activity levels.

In the second half of the talk, we present our mobile context co-occurrence engine, which efficiently and automatically mines the most rel-evant personal longitudinal context patterns entirely on the phone at con-venient times. By running on the phone, the engine reduces data privacy concerns and data plan costs since sensitive user data is never uploaded to the cloud. When evaluated over 2 months of data from 8 users, our en-gine mines frequent user patterns on the phone in less than 5 seconds per user. We implement a use case scenario for the co-occurrence engine con-sisting of a more intuitive UI that predicts the next app launched or contact called by the user. Our intuitive UI achieves a 21-60% improvement in pre-diction accuracy compared to frequency-based prediction methods.

About the speaker: Vijay Srinivasan is a Mobile Sensing Researcher at Samsung Research America, where he researches core technologies focusing on mobile user activity and context sensing, to enable highly personalized mobile devices. Before joining Samsung, Vijay finished his PhD in computer science in 2011 from the University of Virginia, where his research focused on the un-supervised inference of user activities, identities, and resource usage pat-terns in smart homes. Vijay has published his research in top-tier confer-ences on context sensing, including Ubicomp, Pervasive, Sensys, and IPSN.

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Pierre Kil OpenRemote _______________________________________________________________

The Internet of things: OpenRemote September 26, 2013

OpenRemote is an open source initiative of the founder of JBoss, Marc Fleury, and Juha Lindfors. In 2008 it started out of frustration with the extremely expensive home automation solutions. With a lack of dominant protocols, and extremely expensive hardware, a home automation project would easily start at 10 thousands of dollars. Integration was labour intensive and costs were hidden in the expensive hardware. OpenRemote started as an open source solution for home automation, integrating any protocol and running on any standard hardware, as it is build on Java. Today, with an explosion of connected devices, with low costs and low energy consumption, as well as the abundance of tablets and smartphones, we are evolving beyond traditional building automation, which some call the Internet of Things. Pierre will share the background of OpenRemote and it's architecture. Additionally he will show examples of less traditional solutions, and the typical challenges going also beyond technology. Finally we hope to have an open dialogue how new sensor swarms, devices and interaction breakthroughs could create the applications nobody ever imagined to be possible.

About the speaker: Pierre Kil joined OpenRemote in August 2012, responsible for business development & sales. Before joining OpenRemote, Pierre has been responsible for several innovation organizations within Philips in Europe and Asia. Most recent he was responsible for a global R&D organization within Philips Lighting as well as an incubator for lighting ventures & start-ups. Pierre graduated at Eindhoven University of Technology with a Master in Mechanical Engineering, as well as Process & Product Design. In addition he has a Master in Business Marketing from TiasNimbas. Pierre is married, has two daughters, and currently lives in Eindhoven, The Netherlands. In his free time he enjoys traveling, running, and sailing.

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Greg Burns Qualcomm _______________________________________________________________

Alljoyn: Connecting the Internet of Things across apps and devices, across wired and wireless connections, across brands October 3, 2013

Many of the “things” in the Internet of Things will be programmable things. Things that are programmable expose APIs that other things on the same network can discover and invoke. For interoperability between devic-es and applications from different manufacturers there has to be stand-ards for describing and discovering these APIs. AllJoyn is an open source software framework that attempts to be such a standard; it is freely availa-ble and currently hosted on github and www.alljoyn.org. The code base is highly portable having been ported to all major high-level operating sys-tems, and scalable down to sensor class devices running an RTOS or bare metal. This seminar will provide a technical overview of AllJoyn explaining the use cases, design goals and architecture and will dip into implementa-tion details as time permits.

About the speaker: Greg Burns is vice president of engineering at Qualcomm Innovation Cen-ter Inc. (QuIC). Burns is the chief software architect and one of the main-tainers of AllJoyn an open source software framework for programming the Internet of Everything sponsored by QuIC. He has been the technical lead for AllJoyn since its inception and continues to contribute code to the project. Prior to Qualcomm Burns developed Bluetooth stacks as CTO of software startup Open Interface North America. He has over 30 years of experience in software fields ranging from compilers and optimizers to se-curity, audio codecs, and network protocols.

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Hrvoje Benko Microsoft Research _______________________________________________________________

Beyond Flat Displays: Interactivity on Any Surface October 17, 2013

Much of human-computer interaction today is confined to flat, rectangu-lar displays. This has never been more apparent than with the mainstream adoption of touchscreens, where the same flat surface facilitates both the output and the input capabilities of the device. Recent advances in sens-ing and display technologies enable new modes of interaction that break the traditional boundaries of the screen, potentially enveloping the user's physical environment with interactive content.

In this talk, I argue that high-fidelity interactivity, through touch and ges-tures, can be facilitated on every surface and between surfaces. To illus-trate my claims I present a series of research projects which demonstrate how depth-sensing cameras can be used to create augmented reality expe-riences far richer than previously imagined. I discuss how such experienc-es can be authored and created, and how to achieve high-fidelity interac-tions with virtual content without requiring the user to wear any additional gear. I draw from experiences in designing several highly publicized pro-jects such as LightSpace, OmniTouch, MirageTable, and IllumiRoom to il-lustrate the concepts.

About the speaker: Hrvoje Benko is a researcher at Microsoft Research. He explores novel interactive computing technologies and their impact on human-computer interaction. In particular, his research interests include augmented reality, computational illumination, surface computing, new input form factors and devices, as well as touch and freehand gestural input. He is fascinated by the intersection point where the digital technology world meets the curved, physical, 3D space we live in. He is the author of more than 30 scientific papers and journal articles. For his publications he received the best paper awards at both ACM UIST and ACM SIGCHI. His work has been featured in the mainstream media and on popular technology blogs. In 2010, he worked with Microsoft Hardware to turn one of his research projects into a product called Microsoft Touch Mouse. He received his Ph.D. in Computer Science from Columbia University in 2007 with prof. Steven Feiner.

More detail can be found on his website: http://research.microsoft.com/~benko/.

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Allan Alcorn Creator of Pong _______________________________________________________________

Managing Creativity & Organizational Change October 31, 2013

About the speaker: Allan Alcorn, was the chief engineer and employee number 3 at Atari, he was the creator of Pong and the home version of Pong and led the development of the Atari VCS. After Atari Alcorn was a Fellow at Apple Computer where he did early work that led to the MPEG standard and QuickTime. Al was also founder and VP Engineering at Silicon Gaming, a company that made slot machines for the Las Vegas market. He consulted at Interval Research where co-founded Zowie Intertainment. In 2004 he started Integrated Media Measurement Inc., a company that uses cell phones and acoustic matching technology to very accurately measure TV and radio exposure.

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Omer Inan Georgia Tech _______________________________________________________________

Non-Invasive Physiological Monitoring Technologies for Proactive Healthcare November 7, 2013

By 2030, the American Heart Association projects that 40% of Americans (150 million) will suffer from cardiovascular disease and the annual costs will approach $1 trillion. Cardiovascular monitoring at home could improve the quality of care and life for these millions of patients, and reduce healthcare costs for all Americans. Rather than reacting to catastrophic cardiac events such as heart attacks or strokes in the emergency room, care could be delivered proactively by tailoring treatment strategies to the changing needs of the patients. To accelerate this transition from reactive to proactive care, we need systems-level innovations in multi-modal physiological monitoring and signal interpretation. These solutions would leverage advances in embedded systems and sensor technology to achieve accurate and robust monitoring of clinically relevant parameters in the home.

This talk focuses primarily on one such system: a modified electronic weighing scale designed to monitor the electrical and mechanical health of the heart. With this scale, we measured changes in bodyweight resulting from the movement of blood throughout the vasculature, and combined physiologic insights with feature extraction concepts. Subsequently, we conducted multiple clinical studies with healthy and diseased populations in collaboration with cardiologists in the Medical School and local clinics to demonstrate the efficacy of this device for home health monitoring.

About the speaker: Omer Inan is an Assistant Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the Georgia Institute of Technology, where he researches physiologic and biomedical sensing and monitoring. Before joining Georgia Tech, Omer finished his BS, MS, and PhD in electrical engineering in ‘04, ‘05, and ‘09, respectively, from Stanford University, where he was awarded the Lieberman Fellowship in 2008-’09 for outstanding scholarship, teaching, and service. From 2009-’13, he continued his research at Stanford as a Visiting Scholar while also working as Chief Engineer at Countryman Associates, a high-end professional audio manufacturer. During his undergraduate studies at Stanford, Omer competed as a discus and shot put thrower on the Track and Field Team, was a three-time All-American in the discus throw.

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Spring 2013

Mozziyar Etemadi, Alex Heller UCSF _______________________________________________________________ Wireless Sensing to Modernize Medicine Jan 31, 2013

Ever feel like walking into a hospital is like walking through a time ma-chine? Ever wondered what happens to old technology after nobody will buy it anymore? Please join us for a candid discussion about the state of technology in medicine and new efforts being undertaken at UCSF and Berkeley to modernize medical technology for use in clinics, hospitals, and at home. Over the past few years, we have created a network of physicians and engineers working together to solve actionable clinical problems. Whether you’re an analog circuit designer, embedded systems guru, app programming aficionado, or a faculty member overseeing students with the aforementioned talents, there’s likely a multidisciplinary, col-laborative project that needs your help. As we will discuss, our efforts are largely informed by direct feedback from physicians and patients, creating a vibrant research and develop-ment atmosphere perfect for small undergraduate projects up to multi-center grant proposals.

About the speakers: J. Alex Heller and Mozzi Etemadi have been taking things apart and put-ting them back together since they met in the first grade—some of these things may have been found in dumpsters in the Chicago suburbs. De-parting the cold winters, Alex studied Mechanical Engineering at USC, and Mozzi studied Electrical Engineering at Stanford. Alex is now a MS candidate in the Masters of Translational Medicine program, a joint ef-fort between UCSF and UC Berkeley that was kickstarted by Andy Grove. Mozzi is an MD/PhD candidate, and will (in countless years’ time) earn his MD from UCSF and his PhD in Bioengineering from the UC Berkeley/UCSF Joint Graduate Group in Bioengineering. Together, under the supervision of Professor Shuvo Roy, Alex and Mozzi have worked on many clinician-inspired engineering projects, combining wireless, low power sensors with novel mechanical design to create low-cost solutions for medicine. Their research has been awarded a Bill and Melinda Gates Grand Chal-lenges Award, the Vodafone Americas Wireless Innovation Challenge Prize, the mHealth Alliance Award, and the Center for Integration of Medicine and Innovative Technology’s Prize for Primary Healthcare. In January 2012, Mozzi Etemadi was named Forbes “Top 30 Under 30” in Science for research on a wireless device for early detection of preterm labor.

Video Link: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qf3M6QDOhwA&list=SPYTiwx6hV33v9-giI5HE6NlXkCpkCZ0ms&index=1

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Amit Zoran MIT _______________________________________________________________

Hybrid reAssemblage: a search for synergy between traditional practices and contemporary technology Feb 7, 2013

In his talk, Amit will present an attempt to define a new hybrid territory merging the two polarized arenas of digital practices and traditional craft. The following projects visualize how the advantages of traditional techniques can benefit contemporary design while preserving cultural heritage. The FreeD is a digital handheld milling device for sculpturing and carving, reintroducing craft techniques to digital fabrication. Fused Crafts is a collection of artifacts, part handcrafted part 3D printed, to demonstrate the visual potential of combining these practices. Finally, the Chameleon Guitar merges real-wood acoustic qualities with a simulated guitar body, providing the digital freedom with the uniqueness of acoustic instruments. Together, these projects demonstrate a new design territory of artifacts produced by both machine and man, collaborating automated production as well as human subjectivity.

About the speaker: Amit Zoran is a PhD student in the Responsive Environments Group of MIT’s Media Lab, currently in his final year. He holds a Master's degree in product design from Bezalel, the Israeli Academy of Art and Design in Jerusalem, and a B.Sc. in Communication System Engineering from Ben-Gurion University (Israel). Specializing in digital signal processing, Amit previously worked as an image and audio processing engineer for companies in the Israeli high-tech industry on a variety of real-time DSP projects.

From his earliest experimentation with DSP technologies, throughout his years of research and design at the Media Lab at MIT, Amit have been compelled to explore what has conventionally been treated as two divergent realms - that of emerging digital technologies and timeless hand-hewn craft. While yet grounded in advanced engineering principles, his current work is, in a sense, a physical manifestation of an intensifying desire to develop a new way of thinking about these polarities: the machine, as generator of control and innovation, and the human hand, as preserver of artistic production and culture.

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Thomas Schön Linköping Univ, Sweden

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Sensor fusion using world models Feb 21, 2013

World models are becoming more and more widely available, typically in the form of maps. The same applies to sensors, the number of which is currently skyrocketing.

The process of merging the information from several different sensors is referred to as sensor fusion. At the core of the sensor fusion problem lies a state inference problem. However, the complexity of today's world models severely limits the applicability of the Kalman filter. On the other hand, it is by now quite well known that the particle filter offers a good solution to the inference problem in this case.

An application where sensor fusion problems on this form commonly arise is localization, where the task is to compute the position of a mov-ing object. In this seminar I will in particular focus on how to make use of a Rao-Blackwellized particle filter (RBPF) in solving various localiza-tion problems. Perhaps most importantly, I will show results from real world experiments using objects moving under water, on land, indoors and in the air.

For those of you who attended my December seminars, there will inev-itably be a slight overlap. However, most of the material covered in this seminar is new, since I will focus on solving the localization problem in the presence of world models.

About the speaker: Thomas B. Schön was born in Sweden on December 25, 1977. He is Associate Professor with the Division of Automatic Control at Linköping University (Linköping, Sweden). He received the PhD degree in Auto-matic Control in Feb. 2006, the MSc degree in Applied Physics and Elec-trical Engineering in Sep. 2001, the BSc degree in Business Administra-tion and Economics in Jan. 2001, all from Linköping University. He has held visiting positions with the University of Cambridge (UK) and the University of Newcastle (Australia). He is a Senior member of the IEEE. He received the best teacher award at the Institute of Technology, Lin-köping University in 2009.

Schön's main research interest is nonlinear inference problems, espe-cially within the context of dynamical systems, solved using probabilis-tic methods. He is active within the fields of machine learning, signal processing and automatic control. He pursues both basic research and applied research, where the latter is typically carried out in collabora-tion with industry. More information about his research can be found on his website: users.isy.liu.se/rt/schon/researchOverview.html

Video Link: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s8Sz0_OfR34&list=SPYTiwx6hV33v9-giI5HE6NlXkCpkCZ0ms&index=4

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Edward A. Lee UC Berkeley

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It’s About Time March 7, 2013

Cyber-physical systems integrate sensors, actuators, computation, and networking with physical systems. The behavior of such systems, most particularly their temporal dynamics, depend on the timing of actions taken by software components. Yet today, nearly all widely used software and networking abstractions lack temporal semantics. The notion of correct execution of a program written in every widely-used programming language and in nearly every processor instruction-set today does not depend on the timing of the execution, and the correctness (vs. performance) of network behavior also does not depend on timing.

This situation is changing. Networking techniques such as precision-time protocols (PTP), Synchronous Ethernet, Time-Triggered Ethernet, Audio Video Bridging (AVB), and various wireless protocols are endowing networks with control over timing. This talk will discuss the implications of this change on the design of cyber-physical system software. It will show through an existence proof that determinate temporal behavior is possible in distributed software systems.

About the speaker: Edward A. Lee is the Robert S. Pepper Distinguished Professor and former chair of the Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences (EECS) department at U.C. Berkeley. His research interests center on design, modeling, and simulation of embedded, real-time computational systems. He is a director of CHESS, the Berkeley Center for Hybrid and Embedded Software Systems, and is the director of the Berkeley Ptolemy project. He is co-author of five books and numerous papers. He has led the development of several influential open-source software packages, notably Ptolemy and its various spinoffs. His bachelors degree (B.S.) is from Yale University (1979), his masters (S.M.) from MIT (1981), and his Ph.D. from U. C. Berkeley (1986). From 1979 to 1982 he was a member of technical staff at Bell Telephone Laboratories in Holmdel, New Jersey, in the Advanced Data Communications Laboratory. He is a co-founder of BDTI, Inc., where he is currently a Senior Technical Advisor, and has consulted for a number of other companies. He is a Fellow of the IEEE, was an NSF Presidential Young Investigator, and won the 1997 Frederick Emmons Terman Award for Engineering Education.

Video Link: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ix6blWLUIuU&playnext=1&list=PLYTiwx6hV33v28E27jNP3UMf5XbaqoRLI&feature=results_video

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Adam Wolisz UC Berkeley

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Exploiting Context Awareness for Communication Efficiency Improvement March 14, 2013

It is well appreciated that networking enables tremendous new applications. On the other hand, these applications trigger an exponential growth of mobile traffic—and thus the need for huge investment in networking infrastructure. We will discuss several options for using context information for the purpose of increasing communication efficiency as a viable approach to limit the cost of information provisioning.

About the speaker: Adam Wolisz received his degrees (Diploma 1972, Ph.D. 1976, Habil. 1983) from Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland. He was with the Polish Academy of Sciences (1972-1990) and GMD-Fokus, Berlin from 1990 to 1993 and – part time from 1995-2005.

He joined Technical University Berlin in 1993, where he is a chaired professor in telecommunication networks leading the Telecommunication Networks Group and executive director of the Institute for Telecommunication Systems.

He is also an adjunct professor at the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley. His research interests are in architectures and protocols of communication networks. Recently he has been focusing mainly on wireless/mobile networking and sensor networks.

Video Link: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WJe7Qwhsrnc&list=SPYTiwx6hV33v9-giI5HE6NlXkCpkCZ0ms

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Ilya Polyakov Co-founder, CTO, Revolve Robotics _______________________________________________________________

Want smarter robots? There's an app for that! March 21, 2013

Mobile computing platforms are advancing at an astonishing pace. The evolution of the all-in-one mobile device has given robotics the brains, the eyes, the sensors, OS and distribution infrastructure all in one device, at ever decreasing commodity prices. How can we use these abundant devices to take robotics mainstream?

Revolve Robotics' KUBI is an example of such a platform, taking any tablet computer and turning it into a telepresence solution through simple Bluetooth connectivity, off-the-shelf web tools and simple hardware with minimal processing on-board.

About the speaker: Ilya’s 15+ years of experience in robotics and electro-mechanical systems development combine to create KUBI. As CTO, Ilya is the creative and technical drive behind the product and its development.

Prior to Revolve Robotics Ilya was the key system designer and product visionary at Artificial Muscle Inc. where he developed new applications and refined the emerging technology of electro-active polymers with Marcus. Over his time there he has provided technical vision and accumulated over 30 patents, most notably, several for the first ever commercialized EAP product. His work widely varied from hand-building prototypes, leading product development and overseeing mass-production hand-off to Taiwan and Korea.

Prior to Artificial Muscle, Ilya worked in industrial automation, designing and overseeing installs of custom robotic assembly and inspection systems. His robotics career started when he lead a team and built robots for the hit television show BattleBots the series. Rising to be ranked #2 in the weight class, the team was also the first to attract a mainstream beverage sponsor.

Ilya has a B.S. in mechanical engineering from SUNY at Buffalo and has also successfully dabbled in graphic design, electronic music, interactive sculpture, fabrication, embedded software and web design.

Video Link: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8TD_5mYPBU4&list=SPYTiwx6hV33v9-giI5HE6NlXkCpkCZ0ms&index=6

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Leila Takayama Research Scientist, Willow Garage

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Mixing Human and Robotic Agents April 2, 2013

We encounter and interact with robotic agents every day when withdrawing cash from ATMs, driving cars with anti-lock brakes, and tuning our thermostats. Through a combination of controlled experiments and field studies, this talk will examine the ways that people make sense of robotic agents, including (1) how we interact with personal robots, and (2) how we interact through telepresence robots. Drawing from the theories that informed ubiquitous computing (aka: embodied virtuality), we can see how people make sense of agentic objects, thereby providing implications for both theory and the design of interactive systems.

About the speaker: Leila Takayama is a research scientist and manager for Human-Robot Interaction at Willow Garage in Menlo Park, CA. This year, she was named one of the Tech Review's 35 innovators under 35 as well as one of Fast Company's 100 most creative people in business. She completed her doctorate in communication at Stanford University. She also holds a Ph.D. minor in psychology from Stanford, a master's in communication from Stanford, and bachelor's degrees in psychology and cognitive science from UC Berkeley.

While at Cal, she got hooked on undergraduate research as part of the Group for User Interface Research (GUIR) in EECS. During her graduate studies, she was a research assistant in the User Interface Research group at the Palo Alto Research Center. Her research interests include embodied cognition and the social and cognitive psychology of interacting with nonhuman agents. Her current focus is understanding human encounters with robots in terms of how they perceive, understand, feel about, and interact with robots.

More details: http://www.leilatakayama.org

Video Link: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XzlVOf5r8aM&list=SPYTiwx6hV33v9-giI5HE6NlXkCpkCZ0ms&index=7

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Marcelo Knorich Zuffo University of São Paulo

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Immersion and interactivity: the next steps of virtual and augmented reality April 10, 2013

Virtual and augmented reality allied to interactive technologies have been contributing consistently to advancements in productive sectors of society. These technologies are key to the development of simulators and visual analytics toolsthat are applied by many industries, such as: oil and gas, aviation, electrical grids, medical, etc. With the popularization of high definition and stereoscopic displays, systems focusing on entertainment, publicity, and education have been developed. Through a combination of research results and systems deployment, this talk will examine the key technologies in interactive and immersive systems, highlighting the Brazilian scenario regarding technology deployment in the pro-ductive sector. The talk will discuss: 1) super high definition cubic and spherical immersive systems; 2) 3D interactive techniques; 3) integration and connectivity of virtual reality systems (immersive, advanced, and complementary) to high-speed networks; 4) high performance computing systems for appropriate compu-tational support immersive systems; 5) the challenges in infrastructure demands to deploy these systems.

About the speaker: Marcelo Knorich Zuffo is full professor in the Electronics Department at the Uni-versity of São Paulo Engineering School in Brazil. He is the director of the Interdisciplinary Center for Interactive Technologies of the University of São Paulo (CITI-USP). He is co-founder and director of the LSI-TEC, a Research and Development Center that links the state of the art technologies developed in the University with the productive sector demands, developing new products and technologies.

He coordinates research and development in the field of Electronic Interactive Media, focusing on: digital health, high performance computing, virtual reality, computer graphics, and visualization. In 2001, he developed the first fully immer-sive virtual reality system in Brazil called Digital CAVE. He is coordinator of the telemedicine network Onconet. He was the International Coordinator of ACM-SIGGRAPH in 2000. He is the scientific coordinator of the LEA, that has a key role in the National Public Key Infrastructure in Brazil.

He has participated actively in the definition of the Brazilian Digital Television System and is member of the Brazilian DTV Forum since its establishment in 2007, where he is part of the Advisory Board and the Technical Module, coordinating the standards development related of security for digital TV. He was awarded the Per-sonality Award in Technology Innovation by the Syndicate of Engineers of the State of São Paulo in 2006. He was awarded the Medal of Merit Tamandaré by the Brazilian Navy in 2008 and the Victory Medal by the Ministry of Defence in 2009. He was the ACM Web3D 2010 general chair.

Video Link: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YqnBcfAS4OY&list=SPYTiwx6hV33v9-giI5HE6NlXkCpkCZ0ms&index=8

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Flavio Bonomi Cisco _______________________________________________________________

Wireless Technologies in the Age of the Internet of Things April 11, 2013

This Seminar will focus on the challenges and opportunities imposed on wireless communications technologies by the emerging and explosive needs of the future Internet of Things. We will describe the ICT Infrastruc-ture developments needed to support these new requirements, and identi-fy broad open wireless research topics which help catalyze innovation af-fecting our industry.

About the speaker: Flavio Bonomi is a Cisco Fellow, Vice President, and is the Head of the Advanced Architecture and Research Organization at Cisco Systems, in San José, California.

He is co-leading (with JP Vasseur) the vision and technology direction for Cisco’s Internet of Things initiative. This broad, Cisco-wide initiative encompasses major verticals, including Energy, Connected Vehicle and Transportation, Connected Cities. In this role, with the support of his team, he is shaping a number of research and innovation efforts relating to mo-bility, security, communications acceleration, distributed computing and data management.

Before joining Cisco in 1999, Flavio Bonomi was at AT&T Bell Labs, be-tween 1985 and 1995, with architecture and research responsibilities, mostly relating to the evolution of the ATM technology, and then was Prin-cipal Architect at two Silicon Valley startups, ZeitNet and Stratum One.

Flavio Bonomi received a PhD Electrical Engineering in 1985, and a Mas-ter or Electrical Engineering in 1981 from Cornell University in Ithaca, New York.

He received his Electrical Engineering Degree from Pavia University, in Italy.

Video Link: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p9Mb_0nH61c&list=SPYTiwx6hV33v9-giI5HE6NlXkCpkCZ0ms&index=9

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Yin Wang HP Labs _______________________________________________________________

Big Geo-Data Processing Algorithms, Systems, and Platforms April 25, 2013

The exponentially growing mobile industry and its relevant services have fueled the “big data” crisis. This talk presents our series of work on large-scale geo-data processing algorithms and systems.

We first collected nearly two years of GPS data from tens of thousands of taxis in Beijing and Shanghai. After characterizing and analyzing the data statistically, we developed two algorithms that are the building blocks for most GPS-related applications. The first is map matching, which finds the most likely route on a map for a sequence of latitude/longitude coordi-nates. The second is map inference, which infers a new map from GPS traces.

Based on these algorithms, we built CrowdAtlas, an automatic map update system for cloud and personal use. The recent Apple-Google map war in-dicates how important maps have become to our everyday lives, and how inaccurate they can be. Our system has attracted substantial attention from the mapping industry.

Our ongoing research focuses on the scalable stream processing plat-forms for all types of geo-data, taking our existing applications as use-cases.

A demo video of CrowdAtlas is available here

http://vimeo.com/62912005

About the speaker: Yin Wang received his Ph.D in EECS from the University of Michigan in 2008, and joined HP Labs afterwards. Wang’s research interest is in the area of computer systems in general. His dissertation research applies control theory to concurrency bug elimination, which received University of Michigan distinguished achievement award, appeared in IEEE news briefs, and was nominated for CACM research highlights.

This research work spawned many follow-up projects and led to several dedicated workshops and invited sessions. Wang’s current research area is in the algorithms and platform support for big data processing, especial-ly geographic information systems.

Video Link: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9Tj910dwHvA&list=SPYTiwx6hV33v9-giI5HE6NlXkCpkCZ0ms&index=10

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Payam Pakzad Qualcomm _______________________________________________________________

Precise Indoor Positioning May 2, 2013

Indoor positioning is an extremely challenging problem since traditional positioning systems such as GPS either fail completely indoors or fail to provide the desired level of accuracy. This talk will discuss multiple sources of information including radio measurements, sensor data and building maps that can be used for indoor positioning and describe how probabilistic inference techniques can be used to combine these to obtain precise indoor location on a smartphone.

About the speaker: Payam Pakzad received his B.S. in Electrical Engineering and Applied Mathematics from Caltech in 1998, and Ph.D. from the EECS Department at U.C. Berkeley in 2004. He was later a post-doctoral researcher at EPFL in Switzerland where he worked on low complexity error correcting codes. Dr Pakzad was with Digital Fountain, Inc from 2006 to 2009, where he was a senior researcher on design and applications of fountain codes for video streaming over internet. He joined Qualcomm Research Silicon Valley in 2009, and has been a technical lead for Qualcomm precise indoor positioning solution.

Dr Pakzad has over 25 journal and conference papers and over 20 granted and pending patents on various topics in information theory, error correct-ing codes, graphical models, networks coding, video streaming, and in-door and outdoor positioning systems.

Video Link: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8SwhU40iGUw&list=SPYTiwx6hV33v9-giI5HE6NlXkCpkCZ0ms&index=11

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Fall 2012

Stephen Dawson-Haggerty UC Berkeley

_______________________________________________________________ sMAP: Simple Measurement and Actuation for Integrating and Managing Physical Data Sept 6, 2012

Time-series data is increasingly ubiquitous and generated in large volumes from transducers located everywhere from datacenters to mobile phones to sensors embedded in the physical environment. This data is mostly fragmented and disorganized, and often hidden behind obscure, archaic, and proprietary interfaces. To remedy this situation, we have developed sMAP: the simple measurement and actuation profile. sMAP and its associated ecosystem solve several challenges: the sMAP instrument library provides robust support for collecting and describing time-series data from sensors and actuators, while the sMAP archiver provides a simple yet powerful interface for locating, accessing, and cleaning this data. In this talk, I will discuss this system architecture and present several application case studies detailing how sMAP can be used for energy (and generally, time-series) data visualization, analysis, and control.

About the speaker: Steve Dawson-Haggerty is a 6th-year Ph.D. student in the LoCal group advised by David Culler. His work involves designing systems motivated by the growing availability of embedded sensing and actuation. He has a background in embedded sensing and networking, conducting large-scale deployments of wireless sensors in (and on) forests, volcanos, and currently commercial buildings. He developed blip, the low-power IPv6 networking stack for the TinyOS operating system

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Eric Paulos UC Berkeley

_______________________________________________________________ Hybrid Assemblages, Environments, and Happenings: Technologies and Strategies for an Emerging Participatory Culture Sept 13, 2012

This talk will present and critique a body of work evolving across several years of research at the intersection of computer science and participatory culture—namely Citizen Science. This talk will re-examine the emerging technologies and algorithmic approaches as well as the cultural practices surrounding sensor legibility, scaffolding strategies, motivation, and human relationships to participatory computing systems. We deconstruct our current perceptions of mobile technologies away from that of simply communication tools towards that of super-computer-radio-stations-with-sensors. By rethinking mobile sensing technologies, interactive and social experiences, and the architecture of such systems, we believe that important new computing platforms and practices will emerge around community engagement, civic participation, and collective action. Computing enabled Citizen Science is positioned to revolutionize new cooperative and collaborative approach to literacy, transparency, and problem solving. Through studies of several deployments across a range of landscapes - personal, infrastructural, community based, etc. and exploring a variety of interactive experiences, this talk will highlight specific strategies for engaging individuals and motivating them to participate in emerging Citizen Science efforts. Our work leverages the “cognitive surplus” of citizens across everyday landscapes and the opportunistic gaps for small moments of “micro-volunteering”. Throughout this work is a reframing of Citizen Science beyond simply a focus on data collection and towards an experience to promote curiosity, joy, wonderment, and “new ways of seeing” our world. More importantly, we believe that successfully designed Citizen Science projects can effect positive societal change and produce a more participatory and transparent democracy with improved understanding of our personal, environmental, and urban ecology.

About the speaker: Eric Paulos is the Director of the Living Environments Lab and an Assistant Professor in the Berkeley Center for New Media (BCNM) with a faculty appointment within the Electrical Engineering Computer Science Department at UC Berkeley. Previously, Eric held the Cooper-Siegel Associate Professor Chair in the School of Computer Science at Carnegie Mellon University where he was faculty within the Human-Computer Interaction Institute with courtesy faculty appointments in the Robotics Institute and in the Entertainment Technology Center. Prior to CMU, Eric was Senior Research Scientist at Intel Research in Berkeley, California where he founded the Urban Atmospheres research group. His areas of expertise span a deep body of research territory in urban computing, sustainability, green design, environmental awareness, social telepresence, robotics, physical computing, interaction design, persuasive technologies, and intimate media. Eric received his PhD in Electrical Engineering and Computer Science from UC Berkeley where he helped launch a new robotic industry by developing some of the first internet tele-operated robots including Space Browsing helium filled blimps and Personal Roving Presence devices (PRoPs). Eric is also the founder and director of the Experimental Interaction Unit and a frequent collaborator with Mark Pauline of Survival Research Laboratories.

Video Link: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8baqYxlsShw

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Kris Pister UC Berkeley

_______________________________________________________________ Smart Dust and Sensory Swarms and OpenWSN Oct 4, 2013

Video Link: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ml5RKgYimrQ&list=PLYTiwx6hV33v28E27jNP3UMf5XbaqoRLI&index=2&feature=plpp_video

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Adrian Freed, David Wessel The Center for New Music and Audio Technologies (CNMAT)

_______________________________________________________________ Salience and Vernacular Engineering in the Mediation of Information flow in Swarm Systems: CNMAT Case Studies Oct 18, 2012

A key aspect of live performance, music technology, that information that flows from sensors to actuators, must be handled completely, securely, and reliably from end to end. Such applications can serve as case studies to explore new ideas for SWARM architectures. We will introduce two underrepresented issues in the design of these systems. The term Vernacular Engineering captures the nature of most applications development for the internet, internet of things, and media systems. Developers are primarily domain experts, not engineering experts. We will discuss and explore how these engineers often deliberately reject mature, well-understand "big" engineering tools such as operating systems and IDE's. We see this tendency, for example, in the Arduino community. We will use our work on telematic concert performance to illustrate how real-time salience analysis can be used to dynamically determine information flows and encodings in large systems. We will explore the growing use of special representations supporting salience including AER (Address Event Representation), ROI (Region of Interest), LOD (Level of Detail), and Compressive Sampling.

About the speakers: The CNMAT Research Team brings scientific theory, knowledge and engineering tools to new musical ideas. As an interdisciplinary center, CNMAT incorporates involvement from several departments in addition to its home, Music; Math, EECS, Physics, Psychology and Architecture.

Video Link: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=88j5jgPYL2g&list=PLYTiwx6hV33v28E27jNP3UMf5XbaqoRLI&index=3&feature=plpp_video

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Edward A. Lee UC Berkeley

_______________________________________________________________ The TerraSwarm Research Center (TSRC) Nov 1, 2012

The new TerraSwarm Research Center, announced October 31, 2012, will be addressing the huge potential (and associated risks) of pervasive integration of smart, networked sensors and actuators into our connected world. The five-year grant is being awarded by the industry members of the Semiconductor Research Corporation (SRC) and the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) as a part of the Focus Center Research Program (FCRP). This talk will give an overview of the new center, its vision, and its organization.

About the speaker: Edward A. Lee is the Robert S. Pepper Distinguished Professor and former chair of the Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences (EECS) department at U.C. Berkeley. His research interests center on design, modeling, and simulation of embedded, real-time computational systems. He is a director of Chess, the Berkeley Center for Hybrid and Embedded Software Systems, and is the director of the Berkeley Ptolemy project. He is co-author of five books and numerous papers. He has led the development of several influential open-source software packages, notably Ptolemy and its various spinoffs. His bachelors degree (B.S.) is from Yale University (1979), his masters (S.M.) from MIT (1981), and his Ph.D. from U. C. Berkeley (1986). From 1979 to 1982 he was a member of technical staff at Bell Telephone Laboratories in Holmdel, New Jersey, in the Advanced Data Communications Laboratory. He is a co-founder of BDTI, Inc., where he is currently a Senior Technical Advisor, and has consulted for a number of other companies. He is a Fellow of the IEEE, was an NSF Presidential Young Investigator, and won the 1997 Frederick Emmons Terman Award for Engineering Education.

Video Link: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZyokGWSv9L8&feature=share&list=PLYTiwx6hV33v28E27jNP3UMf5XbaqoRLI

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Björn Hartmann UC Berkeley

_______________________________________________________________ Prototyping Swarm Devices at the CITRIS Invention Lab Nov 15, 2012

This summer, Prof. Paul Wright and I built out the CITRIS Invention Lab, a new teaching and "making" space. This facility offers 3D printing, laser cutting, vinyl/foil cutting, soldering stations, hand and power tools, and CAD stations.

We are currently offering a first course that makes use of the lab -- CS294-84 / ME290R, "Interactive Device Design." This course teaches concepts and skills required to design, prototype, and fabricate interactive devices -- that is, physical objects that intelligently respond to user input and enable new types of interactions. Many of these products sense their environment and communicate wirelessly with mobile devices and the cloud. In essence, students are creating future swarm applications and products. In this talk, I'll present an overview of how the Invention Lab came to be, what students are working on now, and where we are headed in the future.

The Invention Lab is located in 141 Sutardja Dai Hall. The lab and the current course are supported by CITRIS, the Fung Institute, the Swarm Lab, the NSF, and Google.

More info: http://citris-uc.org/ilab http://hci.berkeley.edu/devicedesign

About the speaker: Björn Hartmann is an Assistant Professor in the Computer Science Division at UC Berkeley. He co-directs the Berkeley Institute of Design and the Berkeley Swarm Lab. His research in Human-Computer Interaction has received numerous Best Paper Awards at ACM CHI and UIST, and an NSF CAREER award in 2012. He received his PhD from Stanford University in 2009.

Video Link: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LHKDZ7WpB2Y&feature=plcp

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George Vanecek Principal Architect, FutureWei Technologies

_______________________________________________________________ Expanding Knowledge Bases to Support Ambient Intelligence and Context Awareness Nov 29, 2012

With the successful adoption of cloud-based services and the increasing capabilities of smart connected/wireless devices, the software and consumer electronics industries are turning towards innovating solutions within the Internet-of-Things (IoT) to offer consumers (and enterprises) smart solutions that take the dynamics of the real-world into consideration.

The vision is to bring the awareness of what happens in the real-world, how people live and how smart devices operate in the real world into the view and control of the digital world. Here the digital world is the totality of the Internet, the Web, and the private and public cloud services. The future IoT will be the bridge between the real and the digital worlds.

In this talk, I will briefly look at the trends driving this vision and focus on the potential capabilities of a hybrid knowledge base to help drive the realization of this vision. Specifically, I will outline the uses of and the inter-dependencies of taxonomies, domain-specific ontologies, world models and neuron-inspired networks to help realize ambient intelligence and context awareness.

About the speaker: George Vanecek, Jr., PhD, is a senior principal researcher/architect at FutureWei Technologies, Center of Innovation. His group is currently researching Internet of Things emerging solutions for real-world perception, real-world situation modeling, context awareness and trust determination. George has extensive experience in designing and building software solutions, cloud applications and service platforms and has played key roles as a lead developer and chief architect in his ventures. Prior to FutureWei, he was a solutions architect at Cordys, a chief scientist at AT&T Internet Platforms Organization, and a research scientist at IBM and NIST. He founded several software start-ups after leaving academia as an Assistant Professor of Computer Science at Purdue University. He received his doctorate at University of Maryland in 1989 in areas of Artificial Intelligence and Geometric Modeling, where he designed and implemented a non-manifold solid modeling engine to perform near-real time contact analysis and collision detection to support the reasoning about physical objects for a process planning system and subsequently a rigid-body physical-based simulation system.

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Acknowledgements

We are grateful to our members for their support:

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Recent Publications For a complete listing of publications, visit: http://swarmlab.eecs.berkeley.edu

• Anwar, M., and B. Boser, in-vivo Imaging of Microscopic Residual Disease in Cancer: Reducing Death in Breast Cancer, , 2012. in-vivo Imaging of Microscopic Residual Disease in Cancer: Reducing Death in Breast Cancer (1.91 MB)

• Behroozpour, B., S. Gambini, and B. Boser, MEMS-Electronics-Photonics Heterogeneous Integration (MEPHI), , 2012. MEPHI MEMS-Electronics-Photonics Heterogeneous Integration (1.14 MB)

• Bianchi, R. F., and A. C. Arias, An Intuitive Fully Printed Phototherapy Bandage to Promote Quality Control in Neonatal Phototherapy, , 2012. An Intuitive Fully Printed Phototherapy Bandage to Promote Quality Control in Neonatal Phototherapy (1.46 MB)

• Corea, J., S. Scott, DJ. Seo, and A C. Arias, Large Area Circuits using Screen Printing and Other Techniques, , 2012. Large Area Circuits using Screen Printing and Other Techniques (1.14 MB)

• Izyumin, I., P. Murali, and B. Boser, Magnetic Particle Flow Cytometer, , 2012. Magnetic Particle Flow Cytometer (1.09 MB)

• Khan, Y., C. Lochner, A. Pierre, and A. C. Arias, System Design for Pulse Oximetry Patch, , 2012. System Design for Pulse Oximetry Patch (1.47 MB)

• Kline, M., Y-C. Yeh, B. Eminoglu, D. A. Horsley, and B. E. Boser, Quadrature FM Gyroscope, , 2012. Quadrature FM Gyroscope (1.13 MB)

• Lorek, M. C., S. Lanzisera, and K. Pister, Stick-on Electricity Meters for Cost Effective Energy Information, , 2012.

• Lorek, M., and K. Pister, Fully Integrated, Low Input Voltage, Switched-Capacitor DC-DC Converter for Energy Harvesting Applications, , 2012.

• Maksimovic, F., D D. Venuto, and J. Rabaey, Compressive Sensing for High-Density Wireless Electrocorticography, , 2012. Compressive Sensing for High-Density Wireless Electrocorticography (1.12 MB)

• Massey, T. L., J. van Kleef, M. M. Maharbiz, and K. S. J. Pister, Cyborg Insects, , 2012. Cyborg Insects (1.64 MB)

• Mehta, A., F. Chraim, J. Greenspun, D. Burnett, and K. S. J. Pister, Smart Ring, , 2012. Smart Ring (1.06 MB)

• Ostfeld, A., S. Fogden, A. Catheline, G. McFarlane, and A C. Arias, Carbon Nanotube Networks as Transparent Electrodes for Photovoltaics, , 2012. Carbon Nanotube Networks as Transparent Electrodes for Photovoltaics (729.96 KB)

• Pavinatto, F. J., and A. C. Arias, Printed Biosensors for Antioxidants, , 2012. Printed Biosensors for Antioxidants (7.93 MB)

• Pierre, A., T H. Kim, S. Lu, I. Howard, A. Facchetti, and A C. Arias, Modeling Printed Organic Photodiodes, , 2012. Modeling Printed Organic Photodiodes (686.11 KB)

• Przybyla, R., H-Y. Tang, and B. E. Boser, Ultrasonic Depth Sensor, , 2012. Ultrasonic Depth Sensor (1.77 MB)

• Vilajosana, X., F. Chraim, Q. Wang, K. Weekly, B. Judoprasetijo, and K. Pister, Internet of Things, , 2012. Internet of Things (904.51 KB)

• Yamamoto, N. A. D., C. M. Lochner, L. S. Roman, and A C. Arias, Photovoltaic devices based on polymer nanoparticles prepared from aqueous dispersion, , 2012. Photovoltaic devices based on polymer nanoparticles prepared from aqueous dispersion (975.04 KB)

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• Lunt, B., K. D. Pease, F. J. Pavinatto, C. Orme, R. Zuckermann, and A. C. Arias, Ultrathin Films of Peptoids for Application in Electronics, , 2012. Ultrathin Films of Peptoids for Application in Electronics (2.74 MB)