Swachh Bharat Mission - NITI...
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Swachh Bharat MissionIndia’s Sanitation Revolution
Parameswaran Iyer
Secretary, Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation
Government of India
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55 crore 25 crore
Number of people in rural India practicing open defecation
India is witnessing a sanitation revolution.
And you are a part of it!
October 2014 January 2018
The biggest behavior change program ever attempted
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A Big Hard Audacious Goal*
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May 25, 1961,
President John F.
Kennedy announced
his goal of putting a
man on the moon by
the end of the decade
A Man on the Moon Time: 8 years
Changing habits of
1.25 billion people
Time: 5 years
Aug 15, 2014,
Prime Minister
Narendra Modi,
announced a Swachh
Bharat by 2nd Oct 2019
*Adapted, original phrase coined by Jim Collins
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The impact of SBM-G on public health
Diarrhoea Stunting Wasting Low BMI in women
ODF 9.3 33.7 21.7 19.6
Non-ODF 13.9 39.6 34.3 29
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5
10
15
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25
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ODF Non-ODF
BMGF estimates that households in an ODF villages in India have
significantly better health indicators
- The lack of sanitation is
responsible for the deaths
of over 100,000 children
in India annually*
- 48% of India’s children
are stunted**
*UNICEF
**UNICEF
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The impact of SBM-G on economics
₹8,214
₹24,646
₹17,622
₹18,991
Property value
(one-off benefit)
Value of saved
lives
Value of
time savings
Medical costs
averted
UNICEF estimates that a household in an ODF
villages in India save Rs.50,000 ($800) every year
Lack of sanitation costs India over
6% of our GDP– World Bank
The sanitation economy is a $32
billion per year market in India today,
and set to double to an estimated
$62 billion by 2021– Toilet Board Coalition
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Stunting
• Physical and cognitive stunting in children leads to lower future productivity
Schooling outcomes
• Higher attendance
• Lower drop-outs among girls
• Higher learning output
Employment generation
• Swachh Bharat is estimated to have created over a million direct jobs, and many more indirectly
Women’s economic potential*
• 1.5% increase in female labor participation
• 1.4% gain in real GDP
• Higher female literacy rates
The impact of SBM-G on productivity
*IMF
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9
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32
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76
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1981 1991 2001 2011 2014 2018
Sanitation coverage over the years
Launch of SBM
Today
Rapid achievements under SBM-G S
anitation c
overa
ge
Year
Usage
QCI 2017: 91%
NSSO 2016: 95%
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ODF states: Sikkim,
Himachal Pradesh, Kerala,
Haryana, Uttarakhand,
Gujarat, Arunachal Pradesh
ODF UTs: Chandigarh and
Daman & Diu
Coverage: 76%
ODF districts: 287
ODF villages: 304,792
Sanitation coverage across States
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10 States to be ODF by
March 2018, on track for
ODF India by Oct 2019
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SBM-G in your districts
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17
26
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ODF 90-100 75-90 50-75 Below 50
115 Districts by sanitation coverage
Sanitation coverage
Nu
mb
er o
fd
istr
icts
Average sanitation coverage in 115 districts: 72.5%
The performance of the 115 districts on Swachh Bharat has been impressive!
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Key strategies for districts en-route ODF
Plan Strategically
• Prepare a detailed District Swachhta Plan
• Have time-bound targets in mission mode
• Prepare a monitoring and evaluation protocol
• Plan large community-wide interventions
Generate Demand
• Create a Swachhagrahi army –at least one per village
• Brand your campaign, create a mascot
• Empower women and children, honour champions publically
• Promote competition between blocks, GPs and villages
Enabling provisions
• Promote twin-pit toilet technology
• Promote sanitation lending for liquidity
• Convergence with other schemes like MNREGA
• Build an ODF War-Room
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Key strategies for ODF districts
Verification and Housekeeping
• Only 15 of the 35 ODF districts are 100% verified, the rest must verify immediately
• Spot field visits by you and your team
• Geo-tag all toilets constructed under SBM
• Update IMIS on all parameters
• Retrofit dysfunctional and insanitary toilets
Sustainability and ODF+
• ODF status is not “one time”, but “full-time” as continued toilet usage and no slip-back is key
• High media and civil society scrutiny for SBM
• Continue IEC and follow-up with nigrani samitis
• ODF+ through SLRM, general cleanliness and Village Swachhta Index
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Drinking Water: NRDWP more outcome oriented
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Steps to improve efficiency
• Priority funding to ongoing schemes
• New PWS only in ODF, SAGY, Arsenic/Fluoride habitations
• Verification through third party checks
• Funding only for PWSS. No funding for hand pumps (Except for JE/AES)
• O&M by the state/PRIs/RLBs
Outcome and result based financing of schemes (for 2nd instalment)
• 25% of the funding in reimbursement mode
• 25% of the funding linked with functionality from third party assessment
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Success stories from among YOUR districts
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Ramgarh, Jharkhand
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Key Achievements
Sanitation coverage increased from 15% in April 2015 to 100% in April 2017
Core Strategy: Making sanitation everyone’s business through IPC - nukkad nataks, swachhata
raths, human chains, school rallies, prabhat pheris etc
Additional strategies adopted
• Convergence of funds to repair 15,000 defunct toilets and to address slip-back cases - Raised Rs.56.01
crore from District Mineral Fund Trust (DMFT)
• Commitment letter from all GPs to adopt safe sanitation practices
• Local MLA, district administration officials and affluent people participated in pit-digging
• Color-coded stickers to monitor usage of toilets
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Jaisalmer, Rajasthan
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Key AchievementsSanitation coverage increased from 83% in April 2017 to 100% in December 2017
Core Strategy: Making sanitation everyone’s business through IPC - nukkad nataks, swachhata
raths, human chains, school rallies, prabhat pheris etc
Strategy adopted:
• Using popular figures from Bollywood to motivate villagers
• Local MLA, district administration officials and affluent people participated in pit-digging
• Engaging nodal officers for each GP to enhance monitoring of progress
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Nellore, Andhra Pradesh
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Key AchievementsSanitation coverage increased from 43% in April 2016 to 100% in September 2017
Core Strategy: Empowered natural leaders to be the symbol of change and motivate villagers
through targeted IEC events in laggard Gram Panchayats
Strategy adopted:
• Organized 41 intensive campaigns simultaneously on 3/12/2017 that was attended by 5000
motivators to promote the importance of SLWM and other ODF+ activities
• Women and school children led massive Swachhata rallies throughout the district
• Promoting toilet with bathroom
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