SVM Admin2

8/13/2019 SVM Admin2

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SVM

Quick Reference GuideReference: - Solaris Volume Manager

Administration Guide

Part No: 816!"#$1#

SM% Ser&ices associated 'it( SVM

)o c(eck t(e SM% ser&ices associated 'it( Solaris Volume Manager* use t(e follo'ing form of t(e s&cs command

# svcs -a| egrep "md|meta"

disa+led 1#:$":!" s&c:,net'ork,rc,mdcomm:defaultdisa+led 1#:$":!" s&c:,net'ork,rc,metamed:default

disa+led 1#:$":!" s&c:,net'ork,rc,metam(:default

online 1#:$":./ s&c:,s0stem,metainit:default

online 1#:$":!6 s&c:,net'ork,rc,meta:defaultonline 1#:$":!8 s&c:,s0stem,fmd:default

online 1#:$":"1 s&c:,s0stem,mdmonitor:default

f t(e Solaris Volume Manager configuration consists of a local set onl0* t(en t(ese ser&ices s(ould +e online:

svc:/system/metainit

svc:/network/rpc/meta

svc:/system/mdmonitor

f t(e Solaris Volume Manager configuration includes disk sets* t(en t(ese additional ser&ices s(ould +e online:

svc:/network/rpc/metamedsvc:/network/rpc/metamh

f t(e Solaris Volume Manager includes multi-node disk sets* t(en t(is ser&ice s(ould +e online in addition to t(eot(er ser&ices alread0 mentioned:

svc:/network/rpc/mdcomm

SVM State Database and Replicas

)(e Solaris Volume Manager state data+ase contains configuration and status information for all &olumes* (ot

sares* and disk sets2 Solaris Volume Manager maintains multile coies 3relicas4 of t(e state data+ase to ro&idredundanc0 and to re&ent t(e data+ase from +eing corruted during a s0stem cras( 3at most* onl0 one data+ase

co0 'ill +e corruted42

)(e state data+ase relicas ensure t(at t(e data in t(e state data+ase is al'a0s &alid2 5(en t(e state data+ase is

udated* eac( state data+ase relica is also udated2 )(e udates occur one at a time 3to rotect against corrutingall udates if t(e s0stem cras(es42

f 0our s0stem loses a state data+ase relica* Solaris Volume Manager must figure out '(ic( state data+ase relicstill contain &alid data2 Solaris Volume Manager determines t(is information +0 using a majority consensus

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algorithm2 )(is algorit(m reuires t(at a ma7orit0 3(alf 14 of t(e state data+ase relicas +e a&aila+le and in

agreement +efore an0 of t(em are considered &alid2 9ecause of t(e reuirements of t(e ma7orit0 consensusalgorit(m* 0ou must create at least t(ree state data+ase relicas '(en 0ou set u 0our disk configuration2 A

consensus can +e reac(ed as long as at least t'o of t(e t(ree state data+ase relicas are a&aila+le2

uring +ooting* Solaris Volume Manager ignores corruted state data+ase relicas2 n some cases* Solaris Volum

Manager tries to re'rite state data+ase relicas t(at are corruted2 ;t(er'ise* t(e0 are ignored until 0ou reair

t(em2 f a state data+ase relica +ecomes corruted +ecause its underl0ing slice encountered an error* 0ou need toreair or relace t(e slice and t(en ena+le t(e relica2

f all state data+ase relicas are lost* 0ou could* in t(eor0* lose all data t(at is stored on 0our Solaris Volume

Manager &olumes2 %or t(is reason* it is good ractice to create enoug( state data+ase relicas on searate dri&esand across controllers to re&ent catastro(ic failure2 t is also 'ise to sa&e 0our initial Solaris Volume Manager

configuration information* as 'ell as 0our disk artition information2

State data+ase relicas are also used for RA-1 &olume res0nc(roni


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# metadb -a -c c1t3d0s1

# metadb

flags first +lk +lock count

a u 16 81/# ,de&,dsk,c1t.d$s1

a u 8#$8 81/# ,de&,dsk,c1t.d$s1)(e -a otion adds state data+ase relicas to t(e s0stem2 )(e -c # otion laces t'o relicas on t(e secified slice2

)(e metad+ command c(ecks t(at t(e relicas are acti&e* as indicated +0 t(e aflag in t(e metad+ command outu

?=amle . @(ecking t(e Status of All State ata+ase Relicas

# metadb -i

flags first +lk +lock count

a m luo 16 81/# ,de&,dsk,c$t$d$sa luo 8#$8 81/# ,de&,dsk,c$t$d$s

a luo 16!$$ 81/# ,de&,dsk,c$t$d$s

a luo 16 81/# ,de&,dsk,c1t.d$s15 l 16 81/# ,de&,dsk,c#t.d$s1

a luo 16 81/# ,de&,dsk,c1t1d$s.

a luo 8#$8 81/# ,de&,dsk,c1t1d$s.a luo 16!$$ 81/# ,de&,dsk,c1t1d$s.

r - relica does not (a&e de&ice relocation informationo - relica acti&e rior to last mdd+ configuration c(ange

u - relica is u to date

l - locator for t(is relica 'as read successfull0

c - relicaCs location 'as in ,etc,l&m,mdd+2cf - relicaCs location 'as atc(ed in kernel

m - relica is master* t(is is relica selected as inut

5 - relica (as de&ice 'rite errorsa - relica is acti&e* commits are occurring to t(is relica

M - relica (ad ro+lem 'it( master +locks

- relica (ad ro+lem 'it( data +locks% - relica (ad format ro+lems

S - relica is too small to (old current data +ase

R - relica (ad de&ice read errors

A legend of all t(e flags follo's t(e status2 )(e c(aracters in front of t(e de&ice name reresent t(e status2>ercase letters indicate a ro+lem status2 Do'ercase letters indicate an E;ka0F status2

?=amle ! Adding State ata+ase Relicas of a Secific Si


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o' to elete State ata+ase Relicas

# metadb -d -f ctds-of-slice

-d Secifies to delete a state data+ase relica2

-f Secifies to force t(e oeration* e&en if no relicas e=ist2

ctds-of-slice Secifies t(e name of t(e comonent t(at contains t(e relica2Note t(at 0ou need to secif0 eac( slice from '(ic( 0ou 'ant to remo&e t(e state data+ase relica2

?=amle eleting State ata+ase Relicas

# metadb -d f c0t0d0s7

)(is e=amle s(o's t(e last relica +eing deleted from a slice2

Bou must add t(e -f otion to force t(e deletion of t(e last relica on t(e s0stem2

RA-$ Volumes3Strie and @oncatenation4

;&er&ie' of RA-$ Volumes

RA-$ &olumes are comosed of slices or soft artitions2 )(ese &olumes ena+le 0ou to e=and disk storage

caacit02 )(e0 can +e used eit(er directl0 or as t(e +uilding +locks for RA-1 3mirror4 &olumes and softartitions2 )(ere are t(ree kinds of RA-$ &olumes:

Strie &olumes

@oncatenation &olumes

@oncatenated strie &olumes

Note A component refers to any device, from slices to soft partitions, used in logical volume.

A strie &olume sreads data euall0 across all comonents in t(e &olume* '(ile a concatenation &olume 'rites

data to t(e first a&aila+le comonent until it is full* t(en mo&es to t(e ne=t a&aila+le comonent2 A concatenated

strie &olume is siml0 a strie &olume t(at (as +een e=anded from its original configuration +0 adding additioncomonents2

%or seuential ,; oerations on a concatenation &olume* Solaris Volume Manager reads all t(e +locks on t(e firs

comonent* t(en all t(e +locks of t(e second comonent* and so fort(2;n +ot( a concatenation &olume and a strie &olume* all ,; oerations occur in arallel2 Bou can use a RA-$

&olume t(at contains multile comonents for an0 file s0stem e=cet t(e follo'ing:

root 3,4

,usr

s'a ,&ar

,ot

An0 file s0stem t(at is accessed during an oerating s0stem ugrade or installation

RA-$ 3Strie4 Volume

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A RA-$3strie4 &olume is a &olume t(at arranges data across one or more comonents2 Striing alternates

euall0-si


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RA-$ 3@oncatenation4 VolumeA RA$ 3concatenation4 &olume is a &olume '(ose data is organise a concatenation &olume to get more storage caacit0 +0 com+ining t(e caacities of se&eral comonents2 Boucan add more comonents to t(e concatenation &olume as t(e demand for storage gro's2

A concatenation &olume ena+les 0ou to d0namicall0 e=and storage caacit0 and file s0stem si


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)(e first strie consists of t(ree slices* Slice A t(roug( @* 'it( an interlace &alue of 16 H+0tes2 )(e second strie

consists of t'o slices* Slice and ?* and uses an interlace &alue of .# H+0tes2 )(e last strie consists of a t'oslices* Slice % and G2 9ecause no interlace &alue is secified for t(e t(ird strie* it in(erits t(e &alue from t(e stri

t(at 'as added +efore it* '(ic( in t(is case is .# H+0tes2

Seuential data +locks are added to t(e first strie until t(at strie (as no more sace2 ata +locks are t(en added tt(e second strie2 5(en t(is strie (as no more sace* data +locks are added to t(e t(ird strie2 5it(in eac( strie

t(e data +locks are interlea&ed according to t(e secified interlace &alue2

RA-$ Volumes 3)ask Ma4


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)(e task ma identifies t(e rocedures t(at are needed to manage SVM RA-$ &olumes2

o' to @reate a RA-$ 3Strie4 Volume

>se t(e follo'ing form of t(e metainit command:

# metainit volume-name number-of-stripes components-per-stripe component-names [ 'i

interlace]

volume-nameSecifies t(e name of t(e &olume to create2

number-of-stripesSecifies t(e num+er of stries to create2

components-per-stripeSecifies t(e num+er of comonents eac( strie s(ould (a&e2

component-namesSecifies t(e names of t(e comonents t(at are used2 f more t(an one comonent is used*

searate eac( comonent 'it( a sace2

-iinterlace Secifies t(e interlace 'idt( to use for t(e strie2 )(e interlace 'idt( is a &alue* follo'ed +0 eit(er JkC

for kilo+0tes* JmC for mega+0tes* or J+C for +locks2 )(e interlace secified cannot +e less t(an 16 +locks* or greate

t(an 1$$ mega+0tes2 )(e default interlace 'idt( is 16 kilo+0tes2

?=amle @reating a RA$ 3Strie4 Volume of )(ree Slices

# metainit d20 1 3 c0t1d0s2 c0t2d0s2 c0t3d0s2

d#$: @oncat,Strie is setu

)(is e=amle s(o's t(e strie* d#$* consists of a single strie 3t(e num+er 142 )(e strie is comosed of t(ree

slices 3t(e num+er .42 9ecause no interlace &alue is secified* t(e strie uses t(e default of 16 H+0tes2 )(e s0stem

confirms t(at t(e &olume (as +een set u2

?=amle @reating a RA-$ 3Strie4 Volume of )'o Slices 5it( a .#H+0te nterlace

# metainit d101 2 c0t1d0s2 c0t2d0s2 -i 32k

d1$: @oncat,Strie is setu

)(is e=amle s(o's t(e strie* d1$* consists of a single strie 3t(e num+er 142 )(e strie is comosed of t'o slice3t(e num+er #42 )(e -i otion sets t(e interlace &alue to .# H+0tes2 3)(e interlace &alue cannot +e less t(an

8H+0tes* nor greater t(an 1$$ M+0tes24 )(e s0stem &erifies t(at t(e &olume (as +een set u2

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o' to @reate a RA-$ 3@oncatenation4 Volume


# metainit volume-name number-of-stripes components-per-stripe component-names

volume-nameSecifies t(e name of t(e &olume to create2


components-per-concatenation Secifies t(e num+er of comonents eac( concatenation s(ould (a&e2component-namesSecifies t(e names of t(e comonents t(at are used2 f more t(an one comonent is used*

searate eac( comonent 'it( a sace2?=amle: @reating a @oncatenation of ;ne Slice

# metainit d25 1 1 c0t1d0s2

d#": @oncat,Strie is setu)(is e=amle s(o's t(e creation of a concatenation* d#"2 )(is concatenation consists of one strie 3t(e first

num+er 14 comosed of a single slice 3t(e second num+er 1 in front of t(e slice42 )(e s0stem &erifies t(at t(e

&olume (as +een set u2

)(e e=amle s(o's a concatenation t(at can safel0 encasulate e=isting data2

?=amle: @reating a @oncatenation of %our Slices# metainitd40 4 1 c0t1d0s2 1 c0t2d0s2 1 c0t2d0s3 1 c0t2d1s3d!$: @oncat,Strie is setu

)(is e=amle s(o's t(e creation of a concatenation* d!$2 )(e concatenation consists of four stries 3t(e num+er !

eac( comosed of a single slice 3t(e num+er 1 in front of eac( slice42 )(e s0stem &erifies t(at t(e &olume (as +eenset u2

o' to ?=and Storage @aacit0 for ?=isting ata

$() *nmo+nt the ,ile system)

# +mo+nt!iles"stem

() -o create a concatenation. +se the ,ollowing method:

K>se t(e follo'ing form of t(e metainit command:

# metainit volume-name number-of-stripes components-per-stripe

component-names [ 'iinterlace]

volume-nameSecifies t(e name of t(e &olume to create2number-of-stripesSecifies t(e num+er of stries to create2


component-namesSecifies t(e names of t(e comonents t(at are used2 f more t(an one comonent is used*searate eac( comonent 'it( a sace2

() dit the /etc/v,stab ,ile so that the ,ile system re,erences the name o, the concatenation)

&() Remo+nt the ,ile system)

# mo+ntfiles"stem

?=amle: ?=anding a %ile S0stem +0 @reating a @oncatenation

# +mo+ntdocs

# metainit d25 2 1 c0t1d0s2 1 c0t2d0s2

d#": @oncat,Strie is setu

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() *nmo+nt the ,ile system. i, needed)

# +mo+ntfiles"stem

&() -o remove a vol+me. +se one o, the ,ollowing methods:

# metaclear volume-name

?=amle: Remo&ing a @oncatenation

# +mo+nt d#

# metaclear d#

d8: @oncat,Strie is cleared

(dit the /etc/vfsta! file")(is e=amle illustrates remo&ing t(e concatenation* d8 t(at also contains a mounted file s0stem2 )(e file s0stem

must +e unmounted +efore t(e &olume can +e remo&ed2 )(e s0stem disla0s a confirmation message t(at t(e

concatenation is remo&ed2 f an entr0 in t(e ,etc,&fsta+ file e=ists for t(is &olume* delete t(at entr02 Bou do not'ant to confuse t(e s0stem +0 asking it to mount a file s0stem on a none=istent &olume2

RA-13Mirror4 Volumes

RA-13Mirror4 Volumes 3;&er&ie'4

A RA-1 &olume* or mirror* is a &olume t(at maintains identical coies of t(e data in RA-$ 3strie orconcatenation4 &olumes2 )(e RA-$ &olumes t(at are mirrored are called su+mirrors2 Bou can mirror an0 file

s0stem* including e=isting file s0stems like root 3,4* s'a* and ,usr2 Bou can also use a mirror for an0 alication*

suc( as a data+ase2

A mirror can consist of u to four su+mirrors2 o'e&er* t'o-'a0 mirrors usuall0 ro&ide sufficient dataredundanc0 for most alications and are less e=ensi&e in terms of disk dri&e costs2 A t(ird su+mirror ena+les 0o

to make online +ackus 'it(out losing data redundanc0 '(ile one su+mirror is offline for t(e +acku2

f 0ou take a su+mirror Eoffline*F t(e mirror stos reading and 'riting to t(e su+mirror2 At t(is oint* 0ou couldaccess t(e su+mirror itself* for e=amle* to erform a +acku2 o'e&er* t(e su+mirror is in a read-onl0 state2 5(i

a su+mirror is offline* Solaris Volume Manager kees track of all 'rites to t(e mirror2 5(en t(e su+mirror is

+roug(t +ack online* onl0 t(e ortions of t(e mirror t(at 'ere 'ritten '(ile t(e su+mirror 'as offline 3t(eres0nc(roni


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Pro&iding RA-1$ and RA-$1Solaris Volume Manager suorts +ot( RA-1$ and RA-$1 redundanc02 RA-1$ redundanc0 constitute

a configuration of mirrors t(at are t(en stried2 RA-$1 redundanc0 constitutes a configuration of stries t(at

are t(en mirrored2 )(e Solaris Volume Manager interface makes it aear t(at all RA-1 de&ices are strictl0

RA-$12 o'e&er* Solaris Volume Manager recogni


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)(e RA-1 &olume consists of t'o su+mirrors2 ?ac( of t(e su+mirrors consist of t(ree identical (0sical disks

t(at (a&e t(e same interlace &alue2 A failure of t(ree disks* A* 9* and %* is tolerated2 )(e entire logical +lock rangof t(e mirror is still contained on at least one good disk2 All of t(e &olumeCs data is a&aila+le2

o'e&er* if disks A and fail* a ortion of t(e mirrorCs data is no longer a&aila+le on an0 disk2 Access to t(ese

logical +locks fails2 o'e&er* access to ortions of t(e mirror '(ere data is a&aila+le still succeeds2 >nder t(issituation* t(e mirror acts like a single disk t(at (as de&eloed +ad +locks2 )(e damaged ortions are una&aila+le*

+ut t(e remaining ortions are a&aila+le2

RA-1 Volume 3Mirror4 Res0nc(roni


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>se t(e s'a -l command to c(eck for all s'a de&ices2 ?ac( slice t(at is secified as s'a must +e

mirrored indeendentl0 from t(e remaining s'a slices2

)(e ?n(anced Storage tool 'it(in t(e Solaris Management @onsole does not suort

unmirroring root 3,4* ,ot* ,usr* or s'a2 n fact* t(e tool does not suort unmirroring an0 file s0stem t(a

cannot +e unmounted '(ile t(e s0stem is running2 nstead* use t(e command-line rocedure for t(ese files0stems2

>se su+mirrors of t(e same si%S multiuser* multirocessor acti&it02 n some cases* t(e geometricread otion imro&es erformance +0 minimi


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5(en 0ou lace a su+mirror offline* 0ou re&ent t(e mirror from reading from and 'riting to t(e su+mirro

o'e&er* 0ou reser&e t(e su+mirrorCs logical association to t(e mirror2 5(ile t(e su+mirror is offline*Solaris Volume Manager kees track of all 'rites to t(e mirror2 )(e 'rites are 'ritten to t(e su+mirror

'(en it is +roug(t +ack online2 90 erforming an otimi


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)(e Affect of 9ooting nto Single->ser Mode on RA-1 Volumes

Sometimes* 0ou ma0 need to +oot a s0stem 'it( mirrors for root 3,4* ,usr* and s'a* t(e so-called E!ootF files0stems* into single-user mode 3+0 using t(e +oot -s command42 n t(is case* t(ese mirrors and ossi+l0 all mirror

on t(e s0stem 'ill aear in t(e Eeeding %aintenanceF state '(en &ie'ed 'it( t(e metastatcommand2

%urt(ermore* if 'rites occur to t(ese slices* t(e metastatcommand s(o's an increase in dirt0 regions on t(emirrors2

)(is situation aears to +e otentiall0 dangerous2 o'e&er* t(e 2metasync 3r2command* '(ic( normall0 runs

during +oot to res0nc(roninused Slices

)(is rocedure s(o's 0ou (o' to create a t'o-'a0 mirror2 f 0ou 'ant to create a t(ree-'a0 mirror or a four-'a0

mirror* use t(e same rocedure.

i() !reate two stripes or concatenations) -hese components become the s+bmirrors)

ii() -o create the mirror. +se the ,ollowing method:

>se t(e follo'ing form of t(e metainit command to create a one-'a0 mirror:

# metainit volume-name -m submirror-name

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volume-name Secifies t(e name of t(e &olume to create-m Secifies to create a mirror

submirror-nameSecifies t(e name of t(e comonent t(at 'ill +e t(e first su+mirror in t(e mirror

iii() -o add the second s+bmirror. +se the ,ollowing method:

>se t(e follo'ing form of t(e metattac( command:

# metattach volume-name submirror-name

?=amle: @reating a )'o-5a0 Mirror


d"1: @oncat,Strie is setu


d"#: @oncat,Strie is setu

# metainit d50 -m d51

d"$: Mirror is setu

# metattach d50 d52

d"$: Su+mirror d"# is attac(ed)(is e=amle s(o's 0ou (o' to create t(e t'o-'a0 mirror* d"$2 )(e metainit command creates t'o su+mirrors

3d"1 and d"#4* '(ic( are RA-$ &olumes2 )(e metainit -m command creates t(e one-'a0 mirror from t(e d"1

RA-$ &olume2 )(e metattac( command attac(es d"#* creating a t'o-'a0 mirror and causing ares0nc(ronise t(is rocedure to mirror an e=isting file s0stem2 f t(e file s0stem can +e unmounted* t(e entire rocedure can

+e comleted 'it(out a re+oot2 %or file s0stems t(at cannot +e unmounted* suc( as ,usr and ,s'a* t(e s0stem mu+e re+ooted to comlete t(e rocedure2

5(en creating a RA-1 &olume from an e=isting file s0stem +uilt on a slice* onl0 t(e single slice ma0 +e include

in t(e rimar0 RA-$ &olume 3su+mirror42 f 0ou are mirroring s0stem-critical file s0stems* all su+mirrors mustconsist of onl0 a single slice2

n t(e e=amle used in t(is rocedure* t(e e=isting slice is c1t$d$s$2 )(e second slice* c1t1d$s$* is a&aila+le for t(

second (alf of t(e mirror2 )(e su+mirrors are d1 and d#* resecti&el0* and t(e mirror is d$2

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i() 5denti,y the slice that contains the e7isting ,ile system to be mirrored -his e7ample +ses the slice c$t%d%s%

!reate a new R45D'% vol+me on the slice ,rom the previo+s step by +sing the ,ollowing method:


# metainit 'f volume-name number-of-stripes components-per-stripe component-name

-f %orces t(e command to continue2 >se t(is '(en t(e slice contains a mounted %S2

volume-nameSecifies t(e name of t(e &olume to create



component-namesSecifies t(e names of t(e comonents t(at are used2 )(is e=amle

uses t(e root slice* c$t$d$s$2

ii() !reate a second R45D'% vol+me 6concatenation( on an +n+sed slice 6c$t$d%s% in this e7ample( to act as

the second s+bmirror) -he second s+bmirror m+st be the same si8e as the original s+bmirror or larger) *se

one o, the ,ollowing methods:

>se t(e follo'ing form of t(e metainit command2

# metainitvolume-name number-of-stripes components-per-stripe component-name

iii() !reate a one'way mirror by +sing one o, the ,ollowing methods:

>se t(e follo'ing form of t(e metainit command2


5v() dit the /etc/v,stab ,ile so that the ,ile system mo+nt instr+ctions re,er to the mirror. not to the block

device)

%or e=amle* if t(e/etcvfstabfile contains t(e follo'ing entr0 for t(e file s0stem:

/dev/dsk/slice /dev/rdsk/slice /var ufs 2 yes@(ange t(e entr0 to read as follo's:

/dev/md/dsk/mirror-name /dev/md/rdsk/mirror-name /var ufs 2 yes 3

V() Remo+nt yo+r newly mirrored ,ile system according to one o, the ,ollowing proced+res:

if 0ou are mirroring a %S t(at can +e unmounted* t(en unmount and remount t(e file s0stem2

# +mo+ntfiles"stem

# mo+nt!iles"stem

vi() 5, yo+ are mirroring a ,ile system that cannot be +nmo+nted. then reboot yo+r system 2

# reboot

vii() *se the ,ollowing ,orm o, the metattach command to attach the second s+bmirror)


?=amle: @reating a )'o-5a0 Mirror %rom a %ile S0stem )(at @an 9e >nmounted

# metainitf d1 1 1 c1t0d0s0

d1: @oncat,Strie is setu# metainit d2 1 1 c1t1d0s0

d#: @oncat,Strie is setu# metainit d0 m d1

d$: Mirror is setu

# +mo+ntmaster

(dit the /etc/vfsta! file so that the file system references the mirror"

# mo+ntmaster

# metattach d0 d2

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19/86

d$: Su+mirror d# is attac(ed

n t(is e=amle* t(e -f otion forces t(e creation of t(e first concatenation* d1* '(ic( contains t(e mounted files0stem ,master on ,de&,dsk,c1t$d$s$2 )(e second concatenation* d#* is created from ,de&,dsk,c1t1d$s$2 )(is slice

must +e t(e same si


20/86

n t(is e=amle* t(e -f otion forces t(e creation of t(e first concatenation* d11* '(ic( contains t(e mounted file

s0stem s'a on ,de&,dsk,c$t$d$s12 )(e second concatenation* d#1* is created from ,de&,dsk,c1t$d$s12 )(is slicemust +e t(e same sise t(e follo'ing form of t(e metainit command:

# metainit -f volume-name number-of-stripes components-per-stripe

component-name

iii() !reate a second R45D'% vol+me on an +n+sed slice 6c$t$d%s% in this e7ample( to act as the second

s+bmirror) -he secondary s+bmirror m+st be the same si8e as the original s+bmirror. or larger) *se the

,ollowing method:

# metainit volume-name number-of-stripes components-per-stripe component-name

iv() !reate a one'way mirror by +sing one o, the ,ollowing methods:


v() Remo+nt yo+r newly mirrored ,ile system) R+n the metaroot vol+me'name command. replacing vol+me

name with the name o, the mirror yo+ have created) -hen. reboot yo+r system)

#$


21/86

# metaroot volume-name

# reboot

vi() *se the ,ollowing ,orm o, the metattach command to attach the second s+bmirror)


vii() Record the alternate boot path)

6$() etermine t(e at( to t(e alternate root de&ice2 >se t(e ls -l command on t(e slice t(at is +eing attac(ed as t(

second su+mirror to t(e root 3,4 file s0stem mirror2

# ls -l devdskc1t1d0s0

lrw7rw7rw7 $ root root Mar $:& /dev/rdsk/c$t$d%s% ';

))/))/devices/sb+s


22/86

d$: Mirror is setu

# metaroot d0

# lock,s -fa

# reboot

)))

# metattach d0 d2

d$: Su+mirror d# is attac(ed

# ls -l devdskc0t1d0s0

lr'=r'=r'= 1 root root 88 %e+ 8 1":"1 ,de&,rdsk,c1t.d$s$ -O 22,22,de&ices,ci1f*$,ci1*1,ide.,dad$*$:a

# init %

2

ok nvalias backup%root pci&1f'0pci&1'1ide&3disk&0'0(aok setenv boot-device disk backup%root net

ok nvstore

n t(is e=amle* t(e -f otion forces t(e creation of t(e first RA-$ &olume* d1* '(ic( contains t(e mounted root

3,4 file s0stem on ,de&,dsk,c$t$d$s$2 )(e second concatenation* d#* is created from ,de&,dsk,c$t1d$s$2 )(is slice

must +e t(e same si


23/86

# metastat mirror

?=amle: Attac(ing a Su+mirror

# metastat d30

d.$: mirrorSu+mirror $: d6$

State: ;ka0

222

# metattach d30 d70

d.$: su+mirror d$ is attac(ed

# metastat d30

d.$: mirrorSu+mirror $: d6$

State: ;ka0

Su+mirror 1: d$State: Res0ncing

Res0nc in rogress: !1 done

Pass: 1Read otion: roundro+in 3default4

5rite otion: arallel 3default4

Si


24/86

)(e metaonline command can onl0 +e used '(en a su+mirror 'as taken offline +0 t(e metaoffline command2 Aft

t(e metaonline command runs* Solaris Volume Manager automaticall0 +egins res0nc(ronise t(e metarelace command to ena+le a failed slice in a su+mirror2

metareplace -e mirror failed-slice

)(e metarelace command automaticall0 starts a res0nc(roni


25/86

Run t(e metastat command on t(e mirror to &ie' t(e status of eac( su+mirror2

# metastat mirror

?=amle: @(ecking Status of RA-1 Volumes

ere is samle outut from t(e metastat command2

>se metastat command 'it(out a mirror name to disla0 all t(e status of all mirrors2

# metastat d70( )irror

Su+mirror $: d1

State: ;ka0Pass: 1

Read otion: roundro+in 3default4


Si


26/86

State: ;ka0

Sise t(e metattac( command to attac( additional slices to eac( su+mirror2

# metattach submirror slice

?ac( su+mirror in a mirror must +e e=anded2

ii() *se the metattach command to ca+se the mirror to recomp+te its si8e based on the si8e o, the s+bmirror

# metattach mirror

?=amle: ?=anding a )'o-5a0 Mirror )(at @ontains a Mounted %ile S0stem

# metastat

d8: Mirror

Su+mirror $: d/State: ;ka0

Su+mirror 1: d1$

State: ;ka0222

# metattach d* c0t2d0s5

d/: comonent is attac(ed

# metattach d10 c0t3d0s5

d1$: comonent is attac(ed

# metattach d#

)(is e=amle s(o's (o' to e=and a mirrored* mounted file s0stem +0 concatenating t'o disk dri&es to t(emirrorCs t'o su+mirrors2 )(e mirror is named d8 and contains t'o su+mirrors named d/ and d1$2

%or a >%S* run t(e gro'fs31M4 command on t(e mirror &olume2

Resonding to RA-1 Volume @omonent %ailures

Ko' to Relace a Slice in a Su+mirror

i() Make s+re that yo+ have root privilege and that yo+ have a c+rrent back+p o, all data) *se the metastat

command to view the stat+s o, the R45D'$ vol+me and associated s+bmirrors)

#6


27/86

# metastat mirror-name

ii() *se one o, the ,ollowing methods to replace a slice in a s+bmirror)

>se t(e follo'ing form of t(e metarelace command to relace a slice in a su+mirror:

# metareplace mirror-name component-name

mirror-name is t(e name of t(e &olume to create2

component-namesecifies t(e name of t(e comonent to relace2

?=amle: Relacing a %ailed Slice in a Mirror)(e follo'ing e=amle illustrates (o' to relace a failed slice '(en t(e s0stem is not configured to use (ot sare

ools for t(e automatic relacement of failed disks2

# metastat d$

d6: Mirror

Su+mirror $: d16State: ;ka0

Su+mirror 1: d#6

State: Needs maintenance222

d#6: Su+mirror of d6

State: Needs maintenance

n&oke: metarelace d6 c$t#d$s# Tne' de&iceO222

# metareplace d$ c0t2d0s2 c0t2d2s2

d6: de&ice c$t#d$s# is relaced 'it( c$t#d#s#)(e metastat command confirms t(at mirror d6 (as a su+mirror* d#6* 'it( a slice in t(e ENeeds

maintenanceF state2 )(e metarelace command relaces t(e slice as secified in t(e En&okeF line of t(e metastat

outut 'it( anot(er a&aila+le slice on t(e s0stem2 )(e s0stem confirms t(at t(e slice is relaced* and startsres0nc(roni


28/86

submirrorSecifies t(e su+mirror to delete

c() *se the metainit command to create a new s+bmirror)

# metainit volume-name number-of-stripes components-per-stripe component-name

volume-name Secifies t(e name of t(e &olume to create2

number-of-stripes Secifies t(e num+er of stries to create2

components-per-stripe Secifies t(e num+er of comonents eac( strie s(ould (a&e2

component-nameSecifies t(e names of t(e comonents t(at are used2

d() *se the metattach command to attach the new s+bmirror)

# metattach mirror submirror

?=amle: Relacing a Su+mirror in a Mirror)(e follo'ing e=amle illustrates (o' to relace a su+mirror in an acti&e mirror2

# metastat d20

d#$: MirrorSu+mirror $: d#1

State: ;ka0

Su+mirror 1: d##State: Needs maintenance

222

# metadetachf d20 d22

d#$: su+mirror d## is detac(ed

# metaclearf d22

d##: @oncat,Strie is cleared

# metainit d22 2 1 c1t0d0s2 1 c1t0d1s2

d##: @oncat,Strie is setu

# metattach d20 d22

d#$: comonents are attac(ed

n t(is e=amle* t(e metastat command confirms t(at t(e t'o-'a0 mirror* d#$* (as a su+mirror* d##* in t(e ENeed

maintenanceF state2 n t(is case* t(e entire su+mirror needs to +e cleared and recreated2

)(e metadetac( command detac(es t(e failed su+mirror from t(e mirror +0 using t(e f otion* '(ic( forces t(edetac(ment to occur2

)(e metaclear command clears t(e su+mirror2 )(e metainit command recreates su+mirror* d##* 'it( ne' slices2

%inall0* t(e metattac( command attac(es t(e re+uilt su+mirror2 A mirror res0nc(roni


29/86

ii() *nmo+nt the ,ile system)

# +mo+nt file-s"stem

iii() Detach the s+bmirror that will contin+e to be +sed ,or the ,ile system)

# metadetach mirror submirror

)

iv() !lear the mirror and remaining s+bcomponents)

# metaclear -r mirror

v() dit the /etc/v,stab ,ile to +se the component detached in Step& . i, necessary)

Remo+nt the ,ile system)

# mo+nt file-s"stem

?=amle: >nmirroring t(e ,ot %ile S0stem

# metastat d4

d!: Mirror

Su+mirror $: d#State: ;ka0

Su+mirror 1: d.

State: ;ka0Pass: 1

Read otion: roundro+in 3default4


Si


30/86

reaired first24 )(e file s0stem is unmounted2 )(en* su+mirror d# is detac(ed2 )(e metaclear -r command deletes

t(e mirror and t(e ot(er su+mirror* d.2Ne=t* t(e entr0 for ,ot in t(e ,etc,&fsta+ file is c(anged to reference t(e underl0ing slice2

n t(is e=amle t(e ,etc,&fsta+ file contains t(e follo'ing entr0 for t(e ,ot file s0stem:

/dev/md/dsk/d7 /dev/md/rdsk/d7 /opt ufs 2 yes -@(ange t(e entr0 to read as follo's:

/dev/md/dsk/d2 /dev/md/rdsk/d2 /opt ufs 2 yes -

90 using t(e su+mirror name* 0ou can continue to (a&e t(e file s0stem mounted on a &olume2 %inall0* t(e ,ot files0stem is remounted2

90 using d# instead of d! in t(e ,etc,&fsta+ file* 0ou (a&e unmirrored t(e mirror2 9ecause d# consists of a single

slice* 0ou can mount t(e file s0stem on t(e slice name 3,de&,dsk,c$t$d$s$4 if 0ou do not 'ant t(e de&ice to suor

a &olume2

o' to >nmirror a %ile S0stem )(at @annot 9e >nmounted

>se t(is task to unmirror file s0stems* including root 3,4* ,usr* ,ot* and s'a* t(at cannot +e unmounted during

normal s0stem oeration2

i() Make s+re that yo+ have root privilege and that yo+ have a c+rrent back+p o, all data) Veri,y that at lea

one s+bmirror is in the 9kay state)

# metastat mirror

ii() Detach the s+bmirror that will contin+e to be +sed ,or the ,ile system)

# metadetach mirror submirror

iii() *se one o, the ,ollowing commands. depending on the ,s yo+ want to +nmirror:

%or t(e ,usr* ,ot* or s'a file s0stems* c(ange t(e file s0stem entr0 in t(e ,etc,&fsta+ file to use a non-Solaris

Volume Manager de&ice 3slice42%or t(e root 3,4 file s0stem onl0: run t(e metaroot command2

# metaroot rootslice

iv() Reboot the system)# reboot

v() !lear the remaining mirror and s+bmirrors)

# metaclear -r mirror

?=amle: >nmirroring t(e root 3,4 %ile S0stem

# metastat d0

d$: Mirror

Su+mirror $: d1$

State: ;ka0

Su+mirror 1: d#$State: ;ka0

Pass: 1Read otion: roundro+in 3default4


Si


31/86

e&ice Start 9lock +ase State Reloc ot Sare

c$t.d$s$ $ No ;ka0 Besd#$: Su+mirror of d$

State: ;ka0

Si


32/86

)(e metastat command &erifies t(at at least one su+mirror is in t(e E;ka0F

state2 3A mirror 'it( no su+mirrors in t(e E;ka0F state must +e reaired first24 Su+mirror d#1 is detac(ed to maked1 a one-'a0 mirror2 Ne=t* t(e ,etc,&fsta+ file is edited to c(ange t(e entr0 for s'a to reference t(e slice t(at is in

su+mirror d#12

n t(is e=amle* t(e ,etc,&fsta+ file contains t(e follo'ing entr0 for t(e s'a file s0stem:/dev/md/dsk/d7 /dev/md/rdsk/d7 /opt ufs 2 yes -

/dev/md/dsk/d1 - - s&ap - no -

@(ange t(e entr0 to read as follo's:/dev/dsk/c0t4d0s1 - - s&ap - no -

After re+ooting t(e s0stem* t(e metaclear -r command deletes t(e mirror and t(e ot(er su+mirror* d112 )(e final

metaclear command clears su+mirror d#12

o' to Perform an ;nline 9acku of a RA-1 Volume

Bou can use t(is rocedure on an0 file s0stem e=cet t(e root 3,4 file s0stem2 9e a'are t(at t(is t0e of +acku

creates a Esnas(otF of an acti&e file s0stem2 eending on (o' t(e file s0stem is +eing used '(en it is 'rite-locked* some files on t(e +acku mig(t not corresond to t(e actual files on disk2

)(e follo'ing limitations al0 to t(is rocedure:

Kf 0ou use t(is rocedure on a t'o-'a0 mirror* +e a'are t(at data redundanc0 is lost '(ile one su+mirror i

offline for +acku2 A multi-'a0 mirror does not (a&e t(is ro+lem2

K)(ere is some o&er(ead on t(e s0stem '(en t(e reattac(ed su+mirror is res0nc(roni


33/86

,ubmirror s t(e &olume name of t(e su+mirror 3&olume4 +eing detac(ed2

Reads continue to +e made from t(e ot(er su+mirror2 )(e mirror is out of s0nc as soon as t(e first 'rite is made2)(is inconsistenc0 is corrected '(en t(e detac(ed su+mirror is reattac(ed in Ste 2

iv() *nlock the ,ile system and allow writes to contin+e)

# /+sr/sbin/lock,s -u mount-point

Bou mig(t need to erform necessar0 unlocking rocedures +ased on &endor-deendent utilities used in Ste #2

v() *se the ,sck command to check the ,ile system on the detached s+bmirror) -his step ens+res a clean

back+p occ+rs)

# ,sck devmdrdskname

vi() @er,orm a back+p o, the o,,lined s+bmirror)

>se t(e ufsdum command or 0our usual +acku utilit02

ote )o ensure a roer +acku* use t(e ra' &olume name* suc( as ,de&,md,rdsk,d!2 >sing t(e ra' &olume namaccess to storage t(at is greater t(an # G+0tes2

vii() 4ttach the s+bmirror)

# metattach mirror submirror

SVM automaticall0 +egins res0nc(roni


34/86

accessed2 Soft artitions can +e laced directl0 a+o&e a disk slice* or on to of a mirror* strie* or RA-" &olume

A soft artition ma0 not +e +ot( a+o&e and +elo' ot(er &olumes2 %or e=amle* a soft artition +uilt on a strie 'ia mirror +uilt on t(e soft artition is not allo'ed2

A soft artition aears to file s0stems and ot(er alications as a single contiguous logical &olume2 o'e&er* t(e

soft artition actuall0 comrises a series of e=tents t(at could +e located at ar+itrar0 locations on t(e underl0ingmedia2 n addition to t(e soft artitions* e=tent (eaders 3also called s0stem reco&er0 data areas4 on disk record

information a+out t(e soft artitions to facilitate reco&er0 in t(e e&ent of a catastro(ic s0stem failure2

Soft Partitions 3)ask Ma4

o' to @reate a Soft Partition

*se one o, the ,ollowing methods to create a so,t partition:

)o create a soft artition* use t(e follo'ing form of t(e metainit command:

# metainit[-s diskset] soft-partition -p [-e] component si.e

-s diskset Secifies '(ic( disk set is +eing used2 f -s is not secified* t(e local 3default4disk set is used2

-p Secifies t(at a soft artition +e configured2

-e Secifies t(at t(e entire disk s(ould +e reformatted2 %ormatting t(e disk ro&ides a slice $* '(ic( takes most

t(e disk2 %ormatting t(e disk also ro&ides a slice of a minimum of ! M+0tes in si


35/86

) or t for tera+0tes

9 or + for +locks3sectors4

?=amle: @reating a Soft Partition

n t(e follo'ing e=amle* a !-G+0te soft artition called d#$ is created on c1t.d$s#2

# metainit d20 -p c1t3d0s2 4/

?=amle: )aking a 5(ole isk for Soft Partitions)(e follo'ing e=amle creates a soft artition and formats disk c1t#d$2 )(is action destro0s an0 data on t(at disk

and creates a ne' soft artition on slice $2

# metainit d7 -p -e c1t2d0 1

o' to @(eck t(e Status of a Soft Partition

*se one o, the ,ollowing methods to check the stat+s o, a so,t partition:

)o &ie' t(e e=isting configuration* use t(e follo'ing form of t(e metastat command:

# metastat soft-partition

soft-partition Secifies t(e name of t(e artition 0ou 'ant to c(eck2

?=amle: @(ecking t(e Status of a Soft Partition

n t(e follo'ing e=amle* t(e status of soft artition d1 is c(ecked2 )(is soft artition includes t'o e=tents and is+uilt on t(e RA-1 &olume d1$$2

# metastat d1

d1: soft artitioncomonent: d1$$

state: ;HAB

si


36/86

ote f a soft artition (as +een used to create anot(er &olume 3for e=amle* if it is a comonent of a RA-$

&olume4* t(e soft artition cannot +e e=anded2 n most cases* t(e same o+7ecti&e 3ro&iding more sace for t(ede&ice t(at contains t(e soft artition4 can +e ac(ie&ed +0 concatenating ot(er &olumes onto t(e containing de&ice

*se the ,ollowing method to e7pand a so,t partition:

)o add sace to a soft artition* use t(e follo'ing form of t(e metattac( command:

# metattach[-s diskset] soft-partition si.e

diskset Secifies t(e name of t(e disk set in '(ic( t(e soft artition e=ists2

soft-partition Secifies t(e name of an e=isting soft artition2si.e Secifies t(e amount of storage sace to add2

?=amle: ?=anding a Soft Partition)(e e=amle s(o's (o' to attac( sace to a soft artition2 )(e file s0stem is t(en e=anded using t(e gro'fs

command '(ile t(e soft artition is online and mounted2

# mo+nt devmddskd20 ome2

# metattach d20 10/

# grow,s) ome2 devmdrdskd20

o' to Remo&e a Soft Partition

*se one o, the ,ollowing methods to delete a so,t partition:

)o delete a soft artition* use one of t(e follo'ing forms of t(e metaclear command:

# metaclear[-s diskset] component

# metaclear[-s diskset] -r soft-partition

# metaclear[-s diskset] -p component

diskset Secifies t(e disk set in '(ic( t(e soft artition e=ists2

soft-partition Secifies t(e soft artition to delete2

-r Secifies to recursi&el0 delete logical &olumes* +ut not &olumes on '(ic( ot(ers deend2

-p Secifies to urge all soft artitions on t(e secified comonent* e=cet t(ose soft artitions t(at are oen2componentSecifies t(e comonent from '(ic( to clear all of t(e soft artitions2

?=amle: Remo&ing a Soft Partition

)(is e=amle s(o's (o' to delete all soft artitions on c1t!d#s$2

# metaclear -p c1t4d2s0

;&er&ie' of RA-" Volumes

RA le&el " is similar to striing* +ut 'it( arit0 data distri+uted across all comonents 3disk or logical &olume4

f a comonent fails* t(e data on t(e failed comonent can +e re+uilt from t(e distri+uted data and arit0information on t(e ot(er comonents2

n Solaris Volume Manager* A RA-" &olume uses storage caacit0 eui&alent to one comonent in t(e&olume to store redundant information 3arit042 )(is arit0 information contains information a+out user data store

on t(e remainder of t(e RA-" &olumeCs comonents2 )(at is* if 0ou (a&e t(ree comonents* t(e eui&alent of

one comonent is used for t(e arit0 information2 )(e arit0 information is distri+uted across all comonents in t(&olume2 o'e&er* 0ou cannot use a RA-" &olume for t(e root 3,4* ,usr* and s'a file s0stems* or for ot(er

e=isting file s0stems2

Solaris Volume Manager automaticall0 res0nc(roni


37/86

?=amleIRA-" Volume%igure illustrates a RA-" &olume t(at consists of four disks 3comonents42

)(e first t(ree data segments are 'ritten to @omonent A3interlace 14* @omonent 93interlace #4* and @omonent

@ 3interlace .42 )(e ne=t data segment t(at is 'ritten is a arit0 segment2 )(is arit0 segment is 'ritten to@omonent 3P 1.42 )(is segment consists of an e=clusi&e ;R of t(e first t(ree segments of data2 )(e ne=t t(ree

data segments are 'ritten to @omonent A3interlace !4* @omonent 9 3interlace "4* and @omonent 3interlace 6

)(en* anot(er arit0 segment is 'ritten to @omonent @ 3P !642 )(is attern of 'riting data and arit0 segmentsresults in +ot( data and arit0 +eing sread across all disks in t(e RA-" &olume2 ?ac( dri&e can +e read

indeendentl02 )(e arit0 rotects against a single disk failure2 f eac( disk in t(is e=amle 'ere # G+0tes* t(e tot

caacit0 of t(e RA-" &olume 'ould +e 6 G+0tes2 ;ne dri&eCs 'ort( of sace is allocated to arit02

?=amleI@oncatenated 3?=anded4 RA-" Volume

)(e follo'ing figure s(o's an e=amle of an RA-" &olume t(at initiall0 consisted of four disks 3comonents42

A fift( disk (as +een d0namicall0 concatenated to t(e &olume to e=and t(e RA-" &olume2 )(e arit0 areas areallocated '(en t(e initial RA-" &olume is created2 ;ne comonentCs 'ort( of sace is allocated to arit0*

alt(oug( t(e actual arit0 +locks are distri+uted across all of t(e original comonents to distri+ute ,;2 5(en

additional comonents are concatenated to t(e RA-" &olume* t(e additional sace is de&oted entirel0 to data2 Nne' arit0 +locks are allocated2 )(e data on t(e concatenated comonent is* (o'e&er* included in t(e arit0

calculations* so t(e data is rotected against single de&ice failures2

@oncatenated RA-" &olumes are not suited for long-term use2 >se a concatenated RA-" &olume until it isossi+le to reconfigure a larger RA-" &olume2 )(en* co0 t(e data to t(e larger &olume2

0ote 5(en 0ou add a ne' comonent to a RA-" &olume* Solaris Volume Manager E


38/86

Reuirements for RA-" Volumes

A RA-" &olume must consist of at least t(ree comonents2 )(e more comonents a RA-" &olume

contains* (o'e&er* t(e longer read and 'rite oerations take '(en a comonent fails2

RA-" &olumes cannot +e stried* concatenated* or mirrored2

o not create a RA-" &olume from a comonent t(at contains an e=isting file s0stem2 oing so 'ill era

t(e data during t(e RA-" initiali


39/86

f t(e different comonents in a RA-" &olume reside on different controllers and t(e accesses to t(e

&olume are rimaril0 large seuential accesses* t(en setting t(e interlace &alue to .# H+0tes mig(t imro&erformance2

Bou can e=and a RA-" &olume +0 concatenating additional comonents to t(e &olume2 @oncatenating

ne' comonent to an e=isting RA-" &olume decreases t(e o&erall erformance of t(e &olume +ecauset(e data on concatenations is seuential2 ata is not stried across all comonents2 )(e original comonen

of t(e &olume (a&e data and arit0 stried across all comonents2 )(is striing is lost for t(e concatenated

comonent2 o'e&er* t(e data is still reco&era+le from errors +ecause t(e arit0 is used during t(e

comonent ,;2 )(e resulting RA-" &olume continues to (andle a single comonent failure2 @oncatenated comonents also differ in t(e sense t(at t(e0 do not (a&e arit0 stried on an0 of t(e regions

)(us* t(e entire contents of t(e comonent are a&aila+le for data2 An0 erformance en(ancements for larg

or seuential 'rites are lost '(en comonents are concatenated2

Bou can create a RA-" &olume 'it(out (a&ing to E


40/86

)(e follo'ing ta+le e=lains t(e slice states for a RA-" &olume U ossi+le actions to take2

State Meaning Action

nitiali


41/86

)ask escrition

@reate RA-" &olumes >se t(e Solaris Volume Manager G> or t(e metainit commandto create RA-" &olumes2

@(eck t(e status of RA-"&olumes

>se t(e Solaris Volume Manager G> or t(e metastat commandto c(eck t(e status of RA-" &olumes2

?=and a RA-" &olume >se t(e Solaris Volume Manager G> or t(e metattac(command to e=and RA-" &olumes2

?na+le a slice in a RA-" &olume >se t(e Solaris Volume Manager G> or t(e metarelacecommand to ena+le slices in RA-" &olumes2

Relace a slice in a RA-" &olume >se t(e Solaris Volume Manager G> or t(e metarelace

command to relace slices in RA-" &olumes2

o' to @reate a RA-" Volume


# metainit volume-name -r component component component -i interlace-value

volume-name Secifies t(e name of t(e &olume to create2

-r Secifies to create a RA-" &olume2

component Secifies a slice or soft artition to include in t(e RA-" &olume2 At least .comonents are reuired2

-i Secifies an interlace &alue2

?=amle: @reating a RA-" Volume of )(ree Slices

n t(is e=amle* t(e RA-" &olume d!" is created 'it( t(e -r otion from . slices2 9ecause no

interlace &alue is secified* d!" uses t(e default of 16 H+0tes2 )(e s0stem &erifies t(at t(e RA-" &olume (as+een set u and +egins initiali


42/86

?=amle: Vie'ing RA-" Volume Status

)(e follo'ing e=amle s(o's RA-" &olume outut from t(e metastat command2

# metastat d10

d1$: RA

State: ;ka0nterlace: .# +locks

Si


43/86

o' to Relace a @omonent in a RA-" Volume

)(is task relaces a failed slice of a RA-" &olume in '(ic( onl0 one slice (as failed2

Bou can use t(e metarelace command on non-failed de&ices to c(ange a disk slice or ot(er comonent2

i() Make s+re that yo+ have a c+rrent back+p o, all data and that yo+ have s+per+ser access)

ii() *se the ,ollowing method to determine which slice o, the R45D' vol+me needs to be replaced:

>se t(e metastat command2

# metastat volumevolume Secifies t(e name of t(e RA-" &olume2

Dook for t(e ke0'ord (rase Eeeds %aintenanceF to identif0 t(e state of t(e RA-" &olume2

Dook for t(e ke0'ord E%aintenanceF to identif0 t(e failed slice2

iii() *se one o, the ,ollowing methods to replace the ,ailed slice with another slice:

>se t(e follo'ing form of t(e metarelace command:

# metareplace volume-name failed-component ne+-component

volume-name is t(e name of t(e RA-" &olume 'it( a failed comonent2

failed-component secifies t(e name of t(e comonent to relace2

ne+-component secifies t(e name of t(e comonent to add to t(e &olume in lace of t(e failed comonent2

iv() -o veri,y the stat+s o, the replacement slice. +se one o, the methods described in Step 6ii( )

)(e state of t(e relaced slice s(ould +e ERes0ncingF or E;ka02F

?=amle: Relacing a RA-" @omonent

# metastat d1

d1: RAState: Needs Maintenance

n&oke: metarelace d1 c$t1!d$s6 Tne' de&iceO

nterlace: .# +locks

Si


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Si


45/86

o' ot Sares 5ork

5(en ,; errors occur* Solaris Volume Manager searc(es t(e (ot sare ool for a (ot sare +ased on t(e order in

'(ic( (ot sares 'ere added to t(e (ot sare ool2 Solaris Volume Manager c(ecks t(e (ot sare ool for t(e firsta&aila+le (ot sare '(ose sise )(is (ot sare ool includes (ot sares

t(at are +eing used to relace failed

slices in a redundant&olume2

iagnose (o' t(e (ot sares are +eing

used2 )(en* reair t(e slice in t(e

&olume for '(ic( t(e (ot sare is+eing used2

9roken A ro+lem e=ists 'it( a (ot sare or(ot sare ool2 o'e&er* t(ere is no

immediate danger of losing data2 )(is

status is also disla0ed if all t(e (otsares are in use2

iagnose (o' t(e (ot sares are +eingused or '(0 t(e0 are +roken2 Bou can

add more (ot sares to t(e (ot sare

ool* if desired2

-4AB :ot #pare 9ool #tates (:ommand ine"ot Sare Pools 3)ask Ma4

)(e follo'ing task ma identifies t(e rocedures t(at are needed to manage Solaris Volume Manager (ot sareools2

)ask escrition

@reate a (ot sare ool >se t(e Solaris Volume Manager G> or t(e EmetainitF

!"


46/86

command to create a (ot sare ool

Add slices to a (ot sare ool >se t(e Solaris Volume Manager G> or t(e Emeta(sF

command to add slices to a (ot sare ool

Associate a (ot sare ool

'it( a &olume

>se t(e Solaris Volume Manager G> or t(e EmetaaramF

command to associate a (ot sare ool 'it( a &olume2

@(ange '(ic( (ot sare ool

is associated 'it( a &olume

>se t(e Solaris Volume Manager G> or t(e EmetaaramF

command to c(ange '(ic( (ot sare ool is associated'it( a &olume2

@(eck t(e status of (otsares and (ot sare ools >se t(e Solaris Volume Manager G>* t(e EmetastatFcommand* or Emeta(s F command to c(eck t(e status ofa (ot sare or (ot sare ool2

Relace a (ot sare in a (otsare ool

>se t(e Solaris Volume Manager G> or t(e Emeta(sFcommand to relace a (ot sare in a (ot sare ool2

elete a (ot sare from a (otsare ool

>se t(e Solaris Volume Manager G> or t(e Emeta(sFcommand to delete a (ot sare from a (ot sare ool2

?na+le a (ot sare >se t(e Solaris Volume Manager G> or t(e Emeta(sFcommand to ena+le a (ot sare in a (ot sare ool2

o' to @reate a ot Sare Pool

!a+tion 3 Solaris Volume Manager does not 'arn 0ou if 0ou create a (ot sare t(at is not large enoug(2 f t(e (o

sare is not eual to* or larger t(an* t(e &olume to '(ic( it is attac(ed* t(e (ot sare 'ill not 'ork2

i() Aecome s+per+ser)

ii() -o create a hot spare pool. +se the ,ollowing method:

# metainit ot-spare-pool-name ctds-for-slice

ot-spare-pool-name Secifies t(e name of t(e (ot sare ool2

ctds-for-slice Secifies t(e slice +eing added to t(e (ot sare ool2 )(e otion is reeated for eac( slice +eingadded to t(e (ot sare ool2

0ote 3 )(e meta(s command can also +e used to create (ot sare ools2

?=amle: @reating a ot Sare Pool

# metainit sp001 c2t2d0s2 c3t2d0s2

(s$$1: otsare ool is setu

n t(is e=amle* t(e (ot sare ool (s$$1 contains t'o disks as t(e (ot sares2 )(e s0stem confirms t(at t(e (ot

sare ool (as +een set u2

After 0ou create t(e (ot sare ool* 0ou need to associate it 'it( a su+mirror or RA-" &olume2

o' to Add Additional Slices to a ot Sare Pool


ii() -o add a slice to an e7isting hot spare pool. +se the ,ollowing method:

# metahs -a ot-spare-pool-name slice-to-add

# metahs -a -all ot-spare-pool-name slice-to-add

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47/86

-a ot-spare-pool-nameSecifies to add t(e slice to t(e secified (ot sare ool2-a allSecifies to add t(e slice to all (ot sare ools2

slice-to-addSecifies t(e slice to add to t(e (ot sare ool2

0ote 3 Bou can add a (ot sare to one or more (ot sare ools2 5(en 0ou add a (ot sare to a (ot sare ool* t(e

(ot sare is added to t(e end of t(e list of slices in t(e (ot sare ool2

?=amle: Adding a ot Sare Slice to ;ne ot Sare Pool

n t(is e=amle* t(e -a otion adds t(e slice ,de&,dsk,c.t$d$s# to (ot sare ool (s$$12 )(e s0stem &erifies t(at

t(e slice (as +een added to t(e (ot sare ool2

# metahs -a sp001 devdskc3t0d0s2

(s$$1: otsare is added

?=amle: Adding a ot Sare Slice to All ot Sare Pools

n t(is e=amle* t(e -a otion used 'it( all adds t(e slice ,de&,dsk,c.t$d$s# to all (ot sare ools configured on t(

s0stem2 )(e s0stem &erifies t(at t(e slice (as +een added to all (ot sare ools2

# metahs -a -all devdskc3t0d0s2

(s$$1: otsare is added(s$$#: otsare is added

(s$$.: otsare is added

o' to Associate a ot Sare Pool 5it( a Volume


ii() -o associate a hot spare pool with a R45D' vol+me or s+bmirror. +se the ,ollowing method:

# metaparam - ot-spare-pool component

-Secifies to modif0 t(e named (ot sare ool2

ot-spare-poolSecifies t(e name of t(e (ot sare ool2

componentSecifies t(e name of t(e su+mirror or RA-" &olume to '(ic( t(e (ot sare ool is +eing associated

?=amle: Associating a ot Sare Pool 5it( Su+mirrorsn t(e follo'ing e=amle* t(e -( otion associates a (ot sare ool* (s1$$* 'it( t'o su+mirrors* d1$ and d11* of

mirror* d$2 )(e metastat command s(o's t(at t(e (ot sare ool is associated 'it( t(e su+mirrors2

# metaparam - sp100 d10

# metaparam - sp100 d11# metastat d0

d$: MirrorSu+mirror $: d1$

State: ;ka0

Su+mirror 1: d11State: ;ka0

222

d1$: Su+mirror of d$State: ;ka0

!


48/86

ot sare ool: (s1$$

222d11: Su+mirror of d$

State: ;ka0

ot sare ool: (s1$$222

?=amle: Associating a ot Sare Pool 5it( a RA-" Volumen t(e follo'ing e=amle* t(e -( otion associates a (ot sare* (s$$1* 'it( a RA-" &olume*d1$2

)(e metastat command s(o's t(at t(e (ot sare ool is associated 'it( t(e RA-" &olume2


# metastat d10

d1$: RA

State: ;ka0ot sare ool: (s$$1

222

o' to @(ange t(e Associated ot Sare Pool


ii() -o change a vol+meCs associated hot spare pool. +se the ,ollowing method:

# metaparam - ot-spare-pool-name 65-volume-or-submirror-name

- Secifies to modif0 t(e (ot sare ool named2

ot-spare-pool Secifies t(e name of t(e ne' (ot sare ool* or t(e secial ke0'ord none to remo&e (ot sareool associations2

component Secifies t(e name of t(e su+mirror or RA-" &olume to '(ic( t(e (ot sare ool is +eing attac(ed

?=amle: @(anging t(e ot Sare Pool Associationn t(e follo'ing e=amle* t(e (ot sare ool* (s$$1* is initiall0 associated 'it( a RA-" &olume*d!2 )(e (ot

sare ool association for t(e &olume is t(en c(anged to (s$$#2 )(e metastat command s(o's t(e (ot sare ool

association +efore and after t(is c(ange2

# metastat d4

d!: RAState: ;ka0

ot sare ool: (s$$1

222


# metastat d4d!: RA

State: ;ka0ot sare ool: (s$$#

222

?=amle: Remo&ing a VolumeCs ot Sare Pool Associationn t(e follo'ing e=amle* t(e (ot sare ool* (s$$1* is initiall0 associated 'it( a RA-" &olume* d!2 )(e (ot

sare ool association is t(en c(anged to none* '(ic( indicates t(at no (ot sare ool s(ould +e associated 'it(

t(is &olume2 )(e metastat command s(o's t(e (ot sare ool association +efore and after t(is c(ange2

# metastat d4

!8


49/86

d!: RA

State: ;ka0ot sare ool: (s$$1

222

# metaparam - none d4

# metastat d4

d!: RA

State: ;ka0ot sare ool:

222

o' to @(eck t(e Status of ot Sares and ot Sare Pools

i() -o view the stat+s o, a hot spare pool its hot spares. +se the ,ollowing methods:

# metastat ot-spare-pool-name

?=amle: Vie'ing t(e Status of a ot Sare Pool

)(e follo'ing e=amle s(o's samle outut from t(e metastat command on a (ot sare ool2# metastat sp001

(s$$1: 1 (ot sarec1t.d$s# A&aila+le 168$$ +locks;he metahs command can also !e used to check the status of a hot spare pool.

o' to Relace a ot Sare in a ot Sare Pool


ii() Veri,y whether the hot spare is c+rrently being +sed by +sing the ,ollowing method:


iii() -o replace the hot spare. +se the ,ollowing method:

# metahs 'r ot-spare-pool-name current-ot-spare replacement-ot-spare

-r Secifies to relace disks in t(e named (ot sare ool2ot-spare-pool-name Secifies t(e name of t(e (ot sare ool2 Bou can also use t(e secial ke0'ord all to c(ang

all (ot sare ool associations2

current-ot-spare Secifies t(e name of t(e current (ot sare t(at 'ill +e relaced2

replacement-ot-spare Secifies t(e name of t(e slice t(at 'ill relace t(e current (ot sare in t(e named (ot

sare ool2

?=amle: Relacing a ot Sare in ;ne ot Sare Pool

n t(e follo'ing e=amle* t(e metastat command s(o's t(at t(e (ot sare is not in use2 )(e meta(s -r command

relaces t(e (ot sare* ,de&,dsk,c$t#d$s#* 'it( t(e (ot sare* ,de&,dsk,c.t1d$s#* in t(e (ot sare ool* (s$$.2

# metastat sp003

(s$$.: 1 (ot sare

c$t#d$s# 9roken "6$$ +locks

!/


50/86

# metahs r sp003 c0t2d0s2 c3t1d0s2

(s$$.: otsare c$t#d$s# is relaced 'it( c.t1d$s#

?=amle: Relacing a ot Sare in All Associated ot Sare Pools

n t(e follo'ing e=amle* t(e ke0'ord all relaces t(e (ot sare* ,de&,dsk,c1t$d$s#* 'it( t(e (ot sare*,de&,dsk,c.t1d$s#* in all its associated (ot sare ools2

# metahs -r all c1t0d0s2 c3t1d0s2

(s$$1: otsare c1t$d$s# is relaced 'it( c.t1d$s#

(s$$#: otsare c1t$d$s# is relaced 'it( c.t1d$s#

(s$$.: otsare c1t$d$s# is relaced 'it( c.t1d$s#

o' to elete a ot Sare %rom a ot Sare Pool


ii() Veri,y whether the hot spare is c+rrently being +sed by +sing the method:


iii() -o delete the hot spare. +se the ,ollowing method:

# metahs -d ot-spare-pool-name current-ot-spare

-d Secifies to delete a (ot sare from t(e named (ot sare ool2

ot-spare-pool Secifies t(e name of t(e (ot sare ool2 Bou can also use t(e secial ke0'ord EallF to delete t(e

(ot sare from all (ot sare ools2

current-ot-spare Secifies t(e name of t(e current (ot sare t(at 'ill +e deleted2

?=amle: eleting a ot Sare from ;ne ot Sare Pool

n t(e follo'ing e=amle* t(e metastat command s(o's t(at t(e (ot sare is not in use2 )(e meta(s -d command

deletes t(e (ot sare* ,de&,dsk,c$t#d$s#* in t(e (ot sare ool* (s$$.2

# metastat sp003

(s$$.: 1 (ot sarec$t#d$s# 9roken "6$$ +locks

# metahs -d sp003 c0t2d0s2

o' to ?na+le a ot Sare

>se t(e follo'ing form of t(e meta(s command:

# metahs -e ot-spare-slice

-e Secifies to ena+le a (ot sare2

ot-spare-slice Secifies t(e name of t(e slice to ena+le2

?=amle: ?na+ling a ot Saren t(e follo'ing e=amle* t(e meta(s command laces t(e (ot sare* ,de&,dsk,c$t$d$s# in t(e EA&aila+leF state

after it (as +een reaired2 t is unnecessar0 to secif0 a (ot sare ool2

# metahs -e c0t0d0s2

Maintaining Solaris Volume Manager 3)asks4

"$


51/86

)ask escrition

Vie' t(e Solaris VolumeManager configuration

>se t(e SVM G> or t(e EmetastatF command to &ie't(e s0stem configuration2

Rename a &olume >se t(e SVM G> or t(e EmetarenameF command to

rename a &olume2

@reate configuration files >se t(e Emetastat F command and t(e Emetad+Fcommand to create configuration files2

nitialise t(e EmetainitF command to initialise t(e Egro'fsF command to e=and a file s0stem2

?na+le comonents >se t(e SVM G> or t(e EmetarelaceF command toena+le comonents2

Relace comonents >se t(e SVM G> or t(e EmetarelaceF command torelace comonents2

o' to Vie' t(e Solaris Volume Manager Volume @onfiguration

>se t(e follo'ing form of t(e metastat command:

# metastat -p -i component-name

-pSecifies to s(o' outut in a condensed summar02 )(is outut is suita+lefor use in creating t(e Emd)tabF file2

-iSecifies to &erif0 t(at RA-1 3mirror4 &olumes* RA-" &olumes* and

(ot sares can +e accessed2

component-nameSecifies t(e name of t(e &olume to &ie'2 f no &olume name is secified* a comlete list of

comonents is disla0ed2

?=amle: Vie'ing t(e Solaris Volume Manager Volume @onfiguration)(e follo'ing e=amle illustrates outut from t(e metastat command2

# metastat

d"$: RA

State: ;ka0nterlace: .# +locks

Si


52/86

c#t"d$s" ..$ No ;ka0 Bes

c1t1d$s" ..$ No ;ka0 Besc#t1d$s" ..$ No ;ka0 Bes

d1: @oncat,Strie

Si


53/86

c#t.d$s. $ No ;ka0 Bes

Strie 1:e&ice Start 9lock +ase State Reloc ot Sare

c#t.d$s! $ No ;ka0 Bes

Strie #:e&ice Start 9lock +ase State Reloc ot Sare

c#t.d$s" $ No ;ka0 Bes

(s$1$: is emt0(s$1!: # (ot sares

e&ice Status Dengt( Reloc

c1t#d$s1 A&aila+le 616"# +locks Bes

c#t#d$s1 A&aila+le 616"# +locks Bes(s$"$: # (ot sares

e&ice Status Dengt( Reloc

c1t#d$s" A&aila+le !1/8/ +locks Besc#t#d$s" A&aila+le !1/8/ +locks Bes

(s$$: # (ot sares

e&ice Status Dengt( Relocc1t#d$s! A&aila+le !1/8/ +locks Bes

c#t#d$s! A&aila+le !1/8/ +locks Bes

e&ice Relocation nformation:e&ice Reloc e&ice

c1t#d$ Bes id1*sdSS?AGA)?S)./#$!D@S>N/2$G.9V$N1S#$$$$#1$.A%#/

c#t#d$ Bes id1*sdSS?AGA)?S)./#$!D@S>N/2$G.9V$P6!$$$$#1$"Q6W

c1t1d$ Bes id1*sdSS?AGA)?S)./#$!D@S>N/2$G.9V$N1?M$$$$#1$!NP#Wc#t1d$ Bes id1*sdSS?AGA)?S)./#$!D@S>N/2$G.9V$N/.W$$$$1$!$D.S

c$t$d$ Bes id1*dads".""!e""f!1"!!1"f"f"."!.../.1.!.$!1#"#"!1"/..

?=amle: Vie'ing a Multi-)era+0te Solaris Volume Manager Volume

)(e follo'ing e=amle illustrates outut from t(e metastat command for a multi-tera+0te storage &olume 311

)+0tes42

# metastat d0

d$: @oncat,Strie

Si


54/86

c#$t8d1s$ 16.8! No Bes

c/t1d$s$ 16.8! No Besc/t.d$s$ 16.8! No Bes

c/t"d$s$ 16.8! No Bes

c/td$s$ 16.8! No Bes

Strie #: 3interlace: .# +locks4

e&ice Start 9lock +ase Relocc#t8d#s$ 16.8! No Bes

c!td1s$ 16.8! No Bes

Strie .: 3interlace: .# +locks4e&ice Start 9lock +ase Reloc

c1$td$s$ .#68 No Bes

c11t"d$s$ .#68 No Besc1#t#d1s$ .#68 No Bes

c1!t1d$s$ .#68 No Bes

c1"t8d1s$ .#68 No Besc1t.d$s$ .#68 No Bes

c18t6d1s$ .#68 No Bes

c1/t!d1s$ .#68 No Besc1t"d$s$ .#68 No Bes

c#t6d1s$ .#68 No Bes

c.t!d1s$ .#68 No Bes

c"t#d1s$ .#68 No Besc6t1d$s$ .#68 No Bes

c8t.d$s$ .#68 No Bes

Renaming VolumesSecific considerations for renaming &olumes include t(e follo'ing:

Bou can rename an0 &olume e=cet t(e follo'ing:

Soft artitions Volumes on '(ic( soft artitions are directl0 +uilt

Volumes t(at are +eing used as log de&ices

ot sare ools

Bou can rename &olumes 'it(in a disk set2 o'e&er* 0ou cannot rename &olumes to mo&e t(em from one

disk set to anot(er disk set2

o' to Rename a Volume

i() *nmo+nt the ,ile system that +ses the vol+me)

# +mo+nt files"stem

ii() *se the ,ollowing ,orm o, the metarename command:

# metarename old-volume-name ne+-volume-name

old-volume-name Secifies t(e name of t(e e=isting &olume2

ne+-volume-name Secifies t(e ne' name for t(e e=isting &olume2

iii() dit the /etc/v,stab ,ile to re,er to the new vol+me name. i, necessary)

"!


55/86

iv() Remo+nt the ,ile system)

# mo+ntfiles"stem

?=amle: Renaming a Volume >sed for a %ile S0stem

n t(e follo'ing e=amle* t(e &olume* d1$* is renamed to d1$$2

# +mo+nt ome

# metarename d10 d100

d1$: (as +een renamed to d1$$(dit the /etc/vfsta! file so that the file system references the ne& volume"

# mo+nt ome

9ecause d1$ contains a mounted file s0stem* t(e file s0stem must +e unmounted +efore t(e &olume can +e

renamed2 f t(e &olume is used for a file s0stem 'it( an entr0 in t(e ,etc,&fsta+ file* t(e entr0 must +e c(anged toreference t(e ne' &olume name2

%or e=amle* if t(e ,etc,&fsta+ file contains t(e follo'ing entr0 for t(e file s0stem:

E/dev/md/dsk/d10 /dev/md/rdsk/d10 /docs home 2 yes 3@(ange t(e entr0 to read as follo's:

E/dev/md/dsk/d100 /dev/md/rdsk/d100 /docs home 2 yes 3

)(en* remount t(e file s0stem2

f 0ou (a&e an e=isting mirror or transactional &olume* 0ou can use t(e metarename -= command to remo&e t(e

mirror or transactional &olume and kee data on t(e underl0ing &olume2 %or a transactional &olume* as long as t(emaster de&ice is a &olume 3eit(er a RA-$* RA-1* or RA-" &olume4* 0ou can kee data on t(at &olume2

5orking 5it( @onfiguration %iles

Solaris Volume Manager configuration files contain +asic Solaris Volume Manager information* as 'ell as most ot(e data t(at is necessar0 to reconstruct a configuration2 )(e follo'ing rocedures illustrate (o' to 'ork 'it( t(es

files2

o' to @reate @onfiguration %iles

i() 9nce yo+ have de,ined all appropriate parameters ,or the Solaris Vol+me Manager environment. +se th

metastat 'p command to create the /etc/lvm/md)tab,ile2

# metastat -p 8 etclvmmd9tab

)(is file contains all arameters for use +0 t(e metainit command and meta(s command2 >se t(is file if 0ou needto set u se&eral similar en&ironments or if 0ou need to recreate t(e configuration after a s0stem failure2

o' to nitialise t(is rocedure in t(e follo'ing circumstances:

Kf 0ou (a&e e=erienced a comlete loss of 0our Solaris Volume Manager configuration

Kf 0ou (a&e no configuration 0et* and 0ou 'ant to create a configuration from a sa&ed configuration file;n occasion* 0our s0stem loses t(e information maintained in t(e state data+ase2 %or e=amle* t(is loss mig(t

occur if t(e s0stem 'as re+ooted after all of t(e state data+ase relicas 'ere deleted2 As long as no &olumes 'erecreated after t(e state data+ase 'as lost* 0ou can use t(e Emd.cf ormd.ta! files to reco&er 0our Solaris VolumManager configuration2

0ote 3 )(e md2cf file does not maintain information on acti&e (ot sares2 )(us* if (ot sares 'ere in use '(en t(e

Solaris Volume Manager configuration 'as lost* t(ose &olumes t(at 'ere using acti&e (ot sares are likel0corruted2

i() !reate state database replicas)

ii() !reate or +pdate the /etc/lvm/md)tab,ile)

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Kf 0ou are attemting to reco&er t(e last kno'n Solaris Volume Manager configuration* co0 t(e md2cf file

into t(e ,etc,l&m,md2ta+ file2

Kf 0ou are creating a ne' Solaris Volume Manager configuration +ased on a co0 of t(e md2ta+ file t(at

(a&e 0ou reser&ed* co0 t(e reser&ed file into t(e ,etc,l&m,md2ta+ file2

iii() dit the 1new2 /etc/lvm/md)tab ,ile and do the ,ollowing:

f 0ou are creating a ne' configuration or reco&ering a configuration after a cras(* configure t(e mirrors as

one-'a0 mirrors2 %or e=amle:

d8$ -m d81 1d81 1 1 c1t6d$s.

f t(e su+mirrors of a mirror are not t(e same sise t(is otion to &erif0 t(at t(e resultsare as 0ou e=ected2

md9tab-entr"Secifies t(e name of t(e comonent to initiali


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@(anging Solaris Volume Manager efault Values

5it( t(e Solaris 1$ release* Solaris Volume Manager (as +een en(anced to configure &olumes d0namicall02 Bou

no longer need to edit t(e EnmdF and t(e EmdnsetsF arameters in t(e E/kernel/drv/md.confF file2 Ne' &olumesare d0namicall0 created* as needed2

)(e ma=imum Solaris Volume Manager configuration &alues remain unc(anged:

)(e ma=imum num+er of &olumes t(at is suorted is 81/#2

)(e ma=imum num+er of disk sets suorted is .#2

?=anding a %ile S0stem >sing t(e gro'fs @ommandAfter a &olume t(at contains a >%S file s0stem is e=anded 3meaning t(at more sace is added4* 0ou also need to

e=and t(e file s0stem in order to recogni%S file s0stem* t(e file s0stem can +e e=anded 3'it( t(e gro'fs command4 to fill t(elarger sace2 Bou can e=and t(e file s0stem 'it(out interruting read access to t(e data2

;nce a file s0stem is e=anded* it cannot +e reduced in si%S file s0stem2

Alications and data+ases t(at use t(e ra' de&ice must (a&e t(eir o'n met(od to e=and t(e added sace

so t(at t(e0 can recogni


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n t(e follo'ing e=amle* a ne' slice is added to a &olume* d1$* '(ic( contains t(e mounted file s0stem* ,(ome#

)(e gro'fs command secifies t(e mount oint 'it( t(e -M otion to +e ,(ome#* '(ic( is e=anded onto t(e ra'&olume ,de&,md,rdsk,d1$2 )(e file s0stem 'ill san t(e entire &olume '(en t(e gro'fs command is comlete2 Bo

can use t(e df -(k command +efore and after e=anding t(e file s0stem to &erif0 t(e total disk caacit02

# d, -k

%iles0stem k+0tes used a&ail caacit0 Mounted on

222

,de&,md,dsk,d1$ 6/$! 6"!#6 $ 1$$,(ome#222

# grow,s -) ome2 devmdrdskd10

,de&,md,rdsk,d1$: #/"#$$ sectors in #!$ c0linders of 1" tracks* 8# sectors

1!!21M9 in 1" c0l grous 316 c,g* /261M9,g* !6$8 i,g4suer-+lock +ackus 3for fsck -% ufs -o +4 at:

.#* 1/8$8* ./"8!* "/.6$* /1.6* /8/1#* 118688* 1.8!6!* 1"8#!$* 18$16* 1//#*

#1"68* #..!!* #"1#$* #68/6*

# d, -k

%iles0stem k+0tes used a&ail caacit0 Mounted on

222,de&,md,dsk,d1$ 1.8$. 6"!#6 "/!$ ".,(ome#

222

%or mirror &olumes* al'a0s run t(e gro'fs command on t(e to-le&el &olume2 o not run t(e command on asu+mirror or master de&ice* e&en t(oug( sace is added to t(e su+mirror or master de&ice2

;&er&ie' of Relacing U ?na+ling @omonents in RA-1 U RA-" Volumes

n Solaris Volume Manager terminolog0* relacing a comonent is a 'a0 to su+stitute an a&aila+le comonent ont(e s0stem for a selected comonent in a su+mirror or RA-" &olume2 Bou can t(ink of t(is rocess as logical

relacement* as oosed to (0sicall0 relacing t(e comonent2

?na+ling a comonent means to Eacti&ateF or su+stitute a comonent 'it( itself 3t(at is* t(e comonent name is t(same42

0ote 3 5(en reco&ering from disk errors* scan ,&ar,adm,messages to see '(at kind of errors occurred2 f t(e erro

are transitor0 and t(e disks t(emsel&es do not (a&e ro+lems* tr0 ena+ling t(e failed comonents2 Bou can also ust(e format command to test a disk2

?na+ling a @omonent

Bou can ena+le a comonent '(en an0 of t(e follo'ing conditions e=ist:

Solaris Volume Manager cannot access t(e (0sical dri&e2 )(is ro+lem mig(t occur* for e=amle* due to

o'er loss* or a loose dri&e ca+le2 n t(is case* Solaris Volume Manager uts t(e comonents in t(e EMaintenancestate2 Bou need to make sure t(at t(e dri&e is accessi+le 3restore o'er* reattac( ca+les* and so on4* and t(en ena+l

t(e comonents in t(e &olumes2

Bou susect t(at a (0sical dri&e is (a&ing transitor0 ro+lems t(at are not disk-related2 Bou mig(t +e a+le

to fi= a comonent in t(e EMaintenanceF state +0 siml0 ena+ling it2 f ena+ling t(e comonent does not fi= t(ero+lem* t(en 0ou need to do one of t(e follo'ing:

P(0sicall0 relace t(e disk dri&e and ena+le t(e comonent

Relace t(e comonent 'it( anot(er a&aila+le comonent on t(e s0stem 5(en 0ou (0sicall0 relace a

disk* +e sure to artition t(e disk like t(e relaced disk to ensure adeuate sace on eac( used comonent2

0ote 3 Al'a0s c(eck for state data+ase relicas and (ot sares on t(e disk t(at is +eing relaced2 An0 state

data+ase relica in an erred state s(ould +e deleted +efore 0ou relace t(e disk2 )(en* after 0ou ena+le t(e

comonent* recreate t(e state data+ase relicas using t(e same si


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Relacing a @omonent 5it( Anot(er A&aila+le @omonent

Bou use t(e metarelace command '(en 0ou relace or s'a an e=isting comonent 'it( a different comonentt(at is a&aila+le and not in use on t(e s0stem2

Bou can use t(is command '(en an0 of t(e follo'ing conditions e=ist:

A disk dri&e (as ro+lems* and 0ou do not (a&e a relacement dri&e2 o'e&er* 0ou do (a&e a&aila+le

comonents else'(ere on t(e s0stem2 Bou mig(t 'ant to use t(is strateg0 '(en a relacement is a+solutel0

necessar0* +ut 0ou do not 'ant to s(ut do'n t(e s0stem2 Bou see soft errors on t(e (0sical disks2 P(0sical disks mig(t reort soft errors e&en t(oug( Solaris

Volume Manager s(o's t(e mirror,su+mirror or RA-" &olume in t(e E;ka0F state2 Relacing t(e comonent inuestion 'it( anot(er a&aila+le comonent ena+les 0ou to erform re&entati&e maintenance and otentiall0

re&ent (ard errors from occurring2

Bou 'ant to do erformance tuning2 ;ne 'a0 t(at 0ou can e&aluate comonents is +0 using t(eerformance monitoring feature a&aila+le from t(e ?n(anced Storage tool 'it(in t(e Solaris Management @onsol

%or e=amle* 0ou mig(t see t(at a articular comonent in a RA-" &olume is e=eriencing a (ig( load a&erage*

e&en t(oug( it is in t(e E;ka0F state2 )o +alance t(e load on t(e &olume* 0ou can relace t(at comonent 'it( acomonent from a disk t(at is less utili


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9ackground nformation for Relacing and ?na+ling @omonents in RA-1 and RA-" Volumes5(en 0ou relace comonents in a RA-1 &olume or a RA-" &olume* follo' t(ese guidelines:

Al'a0s relace comonents in t(e EMaintenanceF state first* follo'ed +0 t(ose comonents in t(e EDast

?rredF state2

After a comonent is relaced and res0nc(roni%S* run t(e fsck

command to &alidate t(e EmetadataF 3t(e structure of t(e file s0stem42 )(en* c(eck t(e actual user data23Practicall0* users 'ill (a&e to e=amine t(eir files24

Al'a0s c(eck for state data+ase relicas and (ot sares '(en 0ou relace comonents2 An0 state data+ase

relica in an erred state s(ould +e deleted +efore 0ou relace t(e (0sical disk2 )(e state data+ase relica s(ould +added +ack +efore 0ou ena+le t(e comonent2 )(e same rocedure alies to (ot sares2

uring comonent relacement for a RA-" &olume* data is reco&ered in one of t'o 'a0s2 )(e data is

reco&ered eit(er from a (ot sare currentl0 in use or from using t(e RA-" arit0* '(en no (ot sare is in use2

5(en 0ou relace a comonent for a RA-1 &olume* Solaris Volume Manager automaticall0 starts

res0nc(roni


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0ote 3 S(ared disk sets are intended* in art* for use 'it( Sun @luster* Solstice A 3ig( A&aila+ilit04* or anot(er

suorted t(ird-art0 A frame'ork2 SVM +0 itself does not ro&ide all t(e functionalit0 necessar0 to imlementa failo&er configuration2 Alt(oug( eac( (ost can control t(e set of disks* onl0 one (ost can control it at a time2

Autotake isk Sets

9efore t(e autotake feature +ecame a&aila+le in t(e Solaris / !,$! release* Solaris Volume Manager did not suot(e automatic mounting of file s0stems on disk sets t(roug( t(e ,etc,&fsta+ file2

Solaris Volume Manager reuired t(e s0stem administrator to manuall0 issue a disk set take command +0 using t(

metaset -s setname -t command +efore t(e file s0stems on t(e disk set could +e accessed25it( t(e autotake feature* 0ou can set a disk set to +e automaticall0 accessed at +oot time +0 using t(e metaset -s

setname -A ena+le command2 )(e autotake feature makes it ossi+le for 0ou to define at +oot t(e mount otions

for a file s0stem in t(e ,etc,&fsta+ file2 )(is feature allo's 0ou to define t(e mount otions in t(e ,etc,&fsta+ file fo

file s0stems on &olumes in t(e ena+led disk set2 ;nl0 single-(ost disk sets suort t(e autotake feature2 )(eautotake feature reuires t(at t(e disk set is not s(ared 'it( an0 ot(er s0stems2 A disk set t(at is s(ared cannot +e

set to use t(e autotake feature* and t(e metaset -A command 'ill fail2 o'e&er* after ot(er (osts are remo&ed from

t(e diskset* it ma0 t(en +e set to autotake2 Similarl0* an autotake disk set cannot (a&e ot(er (osts added to it2 f t(e

autotake feature is disa+led* additional (osts can t(en +e added to t(e disk set2

0ote n a Sun @luster en&ironment* t(e autotake feature is disa+led2 Sun @luster (andles t(e take and release of disk set2

Multi-;'ner isk SetsNamed disk sets created in a Sun @luster en&ironment are called multi-o'ner disk sets2 Multi-o'ner disk sets

allo' multile nodes to s(are t(e o'ners(i of t(e disk sets and to simultaneousl0 access t(e s(ared disks2 All

disks and &olumes in a multi-o'ner disk set can +e directl0 accessed +0 all t(e nodes in a cluster2 ?ac( multi-

o'ner disk set contains a list of (osts t(at (a&e +een added to t(e disk set2 @onseuentl0* eac( multi-o'ner disk s'it(in a cluster configuration can (a&e a different 3and sometimes o&erlaing4 set of (osts2 ?ac( multi-o'ner dis

set (as a master node2 )(e function of t(e master node is to manage and udate t(e state data+ase relica c(anges

Since t(ere is a master node er disk set* multile masters can e=ist simultaneousl02 )(ere are t'o 'a0s t(at t(emaster is c(osen2 )(e first 'a0 is t(at a node +ecomes t(e master if it is t(e first node to add a disk to t(e disk set

)(e second 'a0 is '(en a master node anics and fails2 )(e node 'it( t(e lo'est node id +ecomes t(e master

node2 Multi-o'ner disk set functionalit0 is ena+led onl0 in a Sun @luster en&ironment to manage multi-o'ner diskset storage2 )(e Solaris Volume Manager for Sun @luster feature 'orks 'it( releases of Sun @luster +eginning

'it( t(e Sun @luster 1$,$! soft'are collection and 'it( alications like ;racle Real Alications @lusters2 9efo

0ou can configure multi-o'ner disk sets* t(e follo'ing soft'are must +e installed in addition to t(e Solaris ;S:

Sun @luster initial cluster frame'ork

KSun @luster Suort for ;racle Real Alication @lusters soft'are

K;racle Real Alication @lusters soft'are

Solaris Volume Manager isk Set Administration

>nlike local disk set administration* 0ou do not need to manuall0 create or delete disk set state data+ases2 Solaris

Volume Manager laces one state data+ase relica 3on slice 4 on eac( disk across all disks in t(e disk set* u to a

ma=imum of "$ total relicas in t(e disk set2 5(en 0ou add disks to a disk set* Solaris Volume Managerautomaticall0 creates t(e state data+ase relicas on t(e disk set2 5(en a disk is acceted into a disk set* Solaris

Volume Manager mig(t reartition t(e disk so t(at t(e state data+ase relica for t(e disk set can +e laced on t(e

disk2A file s0stem t(at resides on a &olume in a disk set normall0 is not mounted automaticall0 at +oot time 'it( t(e

,etc,&fsta+ file2 )(e necessar0 Solaris Volume Manager RP@ daemons 3rc2metad and rc2metam(d4 do not start

earl0 enoug( in t(e +oot rocess to ermit t(is2

Reser&ing a isk Set

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9efore a (ost can use t(e disks in a disk set* t(e (ost must reser&e t(e disk set2 )(ere are t'o met(ods of reser&ing

a disk set:

Sa,ely ' 5(en 0ou safel0 reser&e a disk set* Solaris Volume Manager attemts to take t(e disk set* and t(e ot(er

(ost attemts to release t(e disk set2 )(e release 3and t(erefore t(e reser&ation4 mig(t fail2

?orcibly ' 5(en 0ou forci+l0 reser&e a disk set* Solaris Volume Manager reser&es t(e disk set '(et(er or notanot(er (ost currentl0 (as t(e set reser&ed2 )(is met(od is generall0 used '(en a (ost in t(e disk set is do'n or no

communicating2 All disks 'it(in t(e disk set are taken o&er2

)(e state data+ase is read in on t(e (ost erforming t(e reser&ation and t(e s(ared &olumes configured in t(e diskset +ecome accessi+le2 f t(e ot(er (ost (ad t(e disk set reser&ed at t(is oint* it 'ould anic due to reser&ation

loss2

Normall0* t'o (osts in a disk set cooerate 'it( eac( ot(er to ensure t(at t(e disks in a disk set are reser&ed +0

onl0 one (ost at a time2 A normal situation is defined as +ot( (osts +eing u and communicating 'it( eac( ot(er2

0ote f a disk (as +een determined une=ectedl0 not to +e reser&ed 3er(as +ecause anot(er (ost using t(e disk

set forci+l0 took t(e disk4* t(e (ost 'ill anic2 )(is +e(a&ior (els to minimi


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Kncludes enoug( sace for a disk la+el and state data+ase relicas

K@annot +e mounted

Koes not o&erla 'it( an0 ot(er slices* including slice #

f t(e e=isting artition ta+le does not meet t(ese criteria* Solaris Volume Manager reartitions t(e disk2 A small

ortion of eac( dri&e is reser&ed in slice for use +0 Solaris Volume Manager2 )(e remainder of t(e sace on eacdri&e is laced into slice $2 An0 e=isting data on t(e disks is lost +0 reartitioning2

-ip3 After 0ou add a dri&e to a disk set* 0ou ma0 reartition it as necessar0* 'it( t(e e=cetion t(at slice is not

altered in an0 'a02

)(e follo'ing outut from t(e Ert&tocF s(o's a disk +efore it is added to a disk set2

Eroot prtvtoc devrdskc1t$d0s0

X ,de&,rdsk,c1t6d$s$ artition ma

X

X imensions:X "1# +0tes,sector

X 1.. sectors,track

X # tracks,c0linderX ."/1 sectors,c0linder

X !/#6 c0lindersX !/#! accessi+le c0linders

XX %lags:

X 1: unmounta+le

X 1$: read-onl0X

X %irst Sector Dast

X Partition )ag %lags Sector @ount Sector Mount irector0$ # $$ $ !1116/" !1116/!

1 . $1 !1116/" 1#.".$! ".!6//8

# " $1 $ 168#$8! 168#$8.. $ $$ ".!6/// !1/8/ /"!!8! $ $$ /"!!88 !1/8/ 1.!#"6

" $ $$ 1.!#" ././.# 168#$8.

)(e a+o&e outut s(o's t(at t(e disk does not contain a slice 2 )(erefore* '(en t(e disk is added to a disk set*Solaris Volume Manager reartitions t(e disk2 )(e follo'ing outut from t(e rt&toc command s(o's t(e disk

after it is added to a disk set2

Eroot prtvtoc devrdskc1t$d0s0

X ,de&,rdsk,c1t6d$s$ artition ma

X

X imensions:X "1# +0tes,sector

X 1.. sectors,track

X # tracks,c0linderX ."/1 sectors,c0linder

X !/#6 c0linders

X !/#! accessi+le c0lindersX

X %lags:

X 1: unmounta+le

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X 1$: read-onl0

Solaris Volume Manager isk Set Administration@(ater 18 isk Sets 3;&er&ie'4 1/1

X

X %irst Sector DastX Partition )ag %lags Sector @ount Sector Mount irector0

$ $ $$ 1$. 161.11 168#$8.

G % %$ % $%GG $%GG

Eroot

)(e outut s(o's t(at t(e disk (as +een reartitioned to include a slice t(at starts at c0linder $ and t(at (as

sufficient sace for t(e state data+ase relica2 f disks 0ou add to a disk set eac( (a&e an acceta+le slice * t(e0 anot reformatted2

o' to @reate a isk Set

i() -o create a disk set ,rom scratch ,rom the command line. +se the ,ollowing ,orm o, the metaset

command:

# metaset -s diskset-name -a - -) ostname

-s diskset-nameSecifies t(e name of a disk set on '(ic( t(e metaset command 'ill 'ork2

-aAdds (osts to t(e named disk set2 Solaris Volume Manager suorts u to

four (osts er disk set2

-)Secifies t(at t(e disk set +eing created is a multi-o'ner disk set2

- ostnameSecifies one or more (osts to +e added to a disk set2 Adding t(e first (ost

creates t(e set2 )(e second (ost can +e added later2 o'e&er* t(e second (ostis not acceted if all t(e disks 'it(in t(e set cannot +e found on t(e secified

(ostname2 (ostname is t(e same name found in t(e ,etc,nodename file2

ii() !heck the stat+s o, the new disk set)

# metaset

?=amle: @reating a isk Set

n t(e follo'ing e=amle* 0ou create a s(ared disk set called +lue* from t(e (ost (ost12 )(e metaset command

s(o's t(e status2 At t(is oint* t(e disk set (as no o'ner2 )(e (ost t(at adds disks to t(e set +ecomes t(e o'ner +0default2

# metaset -s blue -a - ost1

# metaset

Set name +lue* Set num+er 1

ost ;'ner(ost1

?=amle: @reating a Multi-;'ner isk Set

n t(e follo'ing e=amle* 0ou create a multi-o'ner disk set called red2 )(e first line of t(e outut from t(e metase

command disla0s EMulti-o'ner*F indicating t(at t(e disk set is a multi-o'ner disk set2

# metaset -s red -a -) - nodeone

# metaset -s red

Multi-o'ner Set name red* Set num+er 1* Master ost ;'ner Mem+er

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nodeone Bes

o' to Add isks to a isk Set

;nl0 disks t(at meet t(e follo'ing conditions can +e added to a disk set:

)(e disk must not +e in use in a &olume or (ot sare ool2

K)(e disk must not contain a state data+ase relica2

K)(e disk must not +e currentl0 mounted* s'aed on* or ot(er'ise oened for use +0 an alication2

i() -o add disks to a disk set ,rom the command line. +se the ,ollowing ,orm o, the metaset command:

# metaset 's diskset-name -a disk-name

-s diskset-nameS

SVM Admin2

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