SUSTAINABLE SEDIMENT MANAGEMENT AND DREDGING …...Nov 28, 2018 · Sustainable Sediment Management...
Transcript of SUSTAINABLE SEDIMENT MANAGEMENT AND DREDGING …...Nov 28, 2018 · Sustainable Sediment Management...
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DISCOVER | DEVELOP | DELIVER
Engineering and Operational Controls Paul R. Schroeder
SUSTAINABLE SEDIMENT MANAGEMENT AND DREDGING SEMINAR28-30 NOVEMBER 2018GALVESTON, TX
128-30 Nov 2018 Galveston, TX
UNCLASSIFIED
UNCLASSIFIED
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US Army Corps of Engineers • Engineer Research and Development Center
Sustainable Sediment Management and Dredging Seminar
28-30 Nov 2018 Galveston, TXUNCLASSIFIED // FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
Overview
• Approach and Concepts
• Aquatic Placement Controls
• Upland/Nearshore Placement Controls
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US Army Corps of Engineers • Engineer Research and Development Center
Sustainable Sediment Management and Dredging Seminar
28-30 Nov 2018 Galveston, TXUNCLASSIFIED // FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
If it is determined that unacceptable risk(s) exist,
Engineering and/or operational controlsmust be evaluated for effectiveness for thesite and sediment conditions.
Risk
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US Army Corps of Engineers • Engineer Research and Development Center
Sustainable Sediment Management and Dredging Seminar
28-30 Nov 2018 Galveston, TXUNCLASSIFIED // FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
Concepts
Risk is managed by controlling the exposure --concentration and duration.
Exposure can be reduced by reducing the source concentration, the total mass released, or the rate of release and by altering the release locations.
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US Army Corps of Engineers • Engineer Research and Development Center
Sustainable Sediment Management and Dredging Seminar
28-30 Nov 2018 Galveston, TXUNCLASSIFIED // FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
Definition: Requires a physical technology or modification of the placement site or design to cause the desired change in conditions.
Engineering Control
Source: Geotechnical Supply Inc
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US Army Corps of Engineers • Engineer Research and Development Center
Sustainable Sediment Management and Dredging Seminar
28-30 Nov 2018 Galveston, TXUNCLASSIFIED // FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
Operational ControlDefinition: Action that can be undertaken by dredge operator to reduce unacceptable risks of the dredging operations using existing equipment.
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US Army Corps of Engineers • Engineer Research and Development Center
Sustainable Sediment Management and Dredging Seminar
28-30 Nov 2018 Galveston, TXUNCLASSIFIED // FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
Changes in dredging equipment and/or operations can modify:
the total mass released, the rate of release and the release locations
But changes in dredging equipment and/or operations involves tradeoffs:
- dredge production rates, - project duration, - costs,- etc.
Control Applications
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US Army Corps of Engineers • Engineer Research and Development Center
Sustainable Sediment Management and Dredging Seminar
28-30 Nov 2018 Galveston, TXUNCLASSIFIED // FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
Engineering Controls -- Size Matters
As size increases:- Production rate increases,- Concentration of resuspended sediment increases, and- Availability dilution decreases.
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US Army Corps of Engineers • Engineer Research and Development Center
Sustainable Sediment Management and Dredging Seminar
28-30 Nov 2018 Galveston, TXUNCLASSIFIED // FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
Aquatic Placement Controls
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US Army Corps of Engineers • Engineer Research and Development Center
Sustainable Sediment Management and Dredging Seminar
28-30 Nov 2018 Galveston, TXUNCLASSIFIED // FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
Aquatic Control Measures Water Column Management
• Submerged discharge• Silt curtains• Geocontainers• Treatment (polymer addition, sequestration)• Reduce discharge rate• Promote mixing (discharge while under tow)
Benthic Management• Treatment • Lateral confinement or CAD • Capping with cleaner dredged material or armor• Geocontainers
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US Army Corps of Engineers • Engineer Research and Development Center
Sustainable Sediment Management and Dredging Seminar
28-30 Nov 2018 Galveston, TXUNCLASSIFIED // FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
Engineering Modifications
Select different equipment typeSelect different equipment sizeControl placement operation
• Location• Rate• Method
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US Army Corps of Engineers • Engineer Research and Development Center
Sustainable Sediment Management and Dredging Seminar
28-30 Nov 2018 Galveston, TXUNCLASSIFIED // FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
STFATE Evaluation of Alternatives 3000 CY Barge – Single Dump
0.000
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0.016
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Time (Min)
Max Conc on Grid Max Conc Outside M.Z. M.Z. Standard
WQS = 0.032 mg/L
Peak Lead Concentrations
Violation of WQS outside the mixing zone
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US Army Corps of Engineers • Engineer Research and Development Center
Sustainable Sediment Management and Dredging Seminar
28-30 Nov 2018 Galveston, TXUNCLASSIFIED // FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
0.000
0.001
0.002
0.003
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0.006
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0.009
0.010
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80Time (Min)
Max Conc on Grid Max Conc Outside M.Z. M.Z. Standard
WQS = 0.032 mg/L
Peak Lead Concentrations
No violation of WQS outside the mixing zone
STFATE Evaluation of Alternatives 1500 CY Barge – Single Dump
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US Army Corps of Engineers • Engineer Research and Development Center
Sustainable Sediment Management and Dredging Seminar
28-30 Nov 2018 Galveston, TXUNCLASSIFIED // FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
0.000
0.005
0.010
0.015
0.020
0.025
0.030
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Time (Min)
Max Conc on Grid Max Conc Outside M.Z. M.Z. Standard
WQS = 0.032 mg/L
No violation of WQS outside the mixing zone
Con
c –
mg/
l
STFATE Evaluation of Alternatives 3000 CY Barge – Spreading Discharge
Peak Lead Concentrations
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US Army Corps of Engineers • Engineer Research and Development Center
Sustainable Sediment Management and Dredging Seminar
28-30 Nov 2018 Galveston, TXUNCLASSIFIED // FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
Submerged DischargeCan reduce water column dispersionCan improve accuracy of placementPipeline configurationsDiffuser design available Tremie technology
Submerged Diffuser
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US Army Corps of Engineers • Engineer Research and Development Center
Sustainable Sediment Management and Dredging Seminar
28-30 Nov 2018 Galveston, TXUNCLASSIFIED // FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
Silt Curtains Purpose
• To control SS/turbidity in the water column (mainly at dredging site) Advantages
• Can be used to protect sensitive environments• Can allow particles to settle out of the upper water column• Commercially available
Limitations• Strong currents (> 1 knot/1.5 fps)• High winds• Debris/ice• Excessive wave heights• Fluctuating water levels• Must allow traffic in/out (such as bubble curtains)
http://el.erdc.usace.army.mil/elpubs/pdf/doere21.pdf
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US Army Corps of Engineers • Engineer Research and Development Center
Sustainable Sediment Management and Dredging Seminar
28-30 Nov 2018 Galveston, TXUNCLASSIFIED // FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
Silt Curtains
Silt Curtain
Float
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US Army Corps of Engineers • Engineer Research and Development Center
Sustainable Sediment Management and Dredging Seminar
28-30 Nov 2018 Galveston, TXUNCLASSIFIED // FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
Geo-containers
Geotextiles used for solids containmentReduce water column entrainment Reduce water release rateReduce water column dispersionReduce capping requirementsEngineering design approaches available
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US Army Corps of Engineers • Engineer Research and Development Center
Sustainable Sediment Management and Dredging Seminar
28-30 Nov 2018 Galveston, TXUNCLASSIFIED // FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
GEOTUBE DISPOSAL PHASES
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US Army Corps of Engineers • Engineer Research and Development Center
Sustainable Sediment Management and Dredging Seminar
28-30 Nov 2018 Galveston, TXUNCLASSIFIED // FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
CAD/Capping/TreatmentPurpose - Manage contaminant risks by:Physical isolation of contaminantsReduction of contaminant fluxPhysical stabilization
• Limiting losses during placement• Reducing mobilization and erosion
Reduction of bioavailability/bioaccumulation
CAP
UNSUITABLE DREDGED MATERIAL
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US Army Corps of Engineers • Engineer Research and Development Center
Sustainable Sediment Management and Dredging Seminar
28-30 Nov 2018 Galveston, TXUNCLASSIFIED // FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
CAD ApproachesExisting Pits/Fills or Excavated Pits – (most stable)
Lateral ConfinementMounds In Situ Capping
CONTAMINATED MATERIAL
CAPPING MATERIAL
Level Bottom Capping (LBC)
CAP
CAPLATERALCONFINEMENT
Confined Aquatic Disposal
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US Army Corps of Engineers • Engineer Research and Development Center
Sustainable Sediment Management and Dredging Seminar
28-30 Nov 2018 Galveston, TXUNCLASSIFIED // FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
Capping/Treatment Considerations Placement and design of constructed cells Placement techniques for unsuitable material
• Controlled, accurate
Placement techniques for cap/treatment material• Even coverage or incorporation of adsorbents or reactants• Avoid displacing unsuitable material
Cap/Treatment design – account for:• Bioturbation• Bioaccumulation• Recolonization• Consolidation• Contaminant transport• Erosion
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US Army Corps of Engineers • Engineer Research and Development Center
Sustainable Sediment Management and Dredging Seminar
28-30 Nov 2018 Galveston, TXUNCLASSIFIED // FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
Upland/Nearshore Placement Controls
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US Army Corps of Engineers • Engineer Research and Development Center
Sustainable Sediment Management and Dredging Seminar
28-30 Nov 2018 Galveston, TXUNCLASSIFIED // FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
Dike Dike
Plant / AnimalUptake
Unsaturated
SaturatedSeepage
Infiltration
Precipitation
VolatilizationSurfaceRunoff
Weir
Effluent
Leachate
Contaminant Pathways - Upland CDF
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US Army Corps of Engineers • Engineer Research and Development Center
Sustainable Sediment Management and Dredging Seminar
28-30 Nov 2018 Galveston, TXUNCLASSIFIED // FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
VolatilizationPrecipitation
BioturbationUnsaturated
Infiltration
Saturated
PartiallySaturated
GroundWater
Leachate Seepage Bottom
Existing
Soluble DiffusionSeepage
Low Tide
High TideEffluent
Weir
Contaminant Pathways - Nearshore CDF
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US Army Corps of Engineers • Engineer Research and Development Center
Sustainable Sediment Management and Dredging Seminar
28-30 Nov 2018 Galveston, TXUNCLASSIFIED // FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
Upland/Nearshore Pathways ControlsOperational (During filling)
• Surface water management, production rates, sequencing placement, self-sealing
Treatment of Discharges• Filtration, flocculation, treatment of dissolved constituents
Engineered Controls (Containment)• Surface covers, liners, lateral containment
Site Management (After Filling)• Surface water management, vegetation, dewatering,
surface treatments
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US Army Corps of Engineers • Engineer Research and Development Center
Sustainable Sediment Management and Dredging Seminar
28-30 Nov 2018 Galveston, TXUNCLASSIFIED // FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
Effluent and Runoff ControlsTSS & Particulate Associated Contaminants
• Design & Operational modifications – increase retention time►Increase ponding ►Reduce short-circuiting – baffles, spur dikes, inlets►Improve weir operation, locations and design►Limit fetch to reduce wind induced resuspension
• Filtration – cells, permeable dikes and barriers• Chemical flocculants• Engineered controls – vegetation, capping
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US Army Corps of Engineers • Engineer Research and Development Center
Sustainable Sediment Management and Dredging Seminar
28-30 Nov 2018 Galveston, TXUNCLASSIFIED // FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
Filter Cell
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US Army Corps of Engineers • Engineer Research and Development Center
Sustainable Sediment Management and Dredging Seminar
28-30 Nov 2018 Galveston, TXUNCLASSIFIED // FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
Flocculant Addition
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US Army Corps of Engineers • Engineer Research and Development Center
Sustainable Sediment Management and Dredging Seminar
28-30 Nov 2018 Galveston, TXUNCLASSIFIED // FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
Runoff SS Controls
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US Army Corps of Engineers • Engineer Research and Development Center
Sustainable Sediment Management and Dredging Seminar
28-30 Nov 2018 Galveston, TXUNCLASSIFIED // FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
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US Army Corps of Engineers • Engineer Research and Development Center
Sustainable Sediment Management and Dredging Seminar
28-30 Nov 2018 Galveston, TXUNCLASSIFIED // FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
Michigan City, MI
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US Army Corps of Engineers • Engineer Research and Development Center
Sustainable Sediment Management and Dredging Seminar
28-30 Nov 2018 Galveston, TXUNCLASSIFIED // FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
Effluent and Runoff Controls
Dissolved Contaminants• Treatment
►Carbon adsorption►Ion exchange►Chemical or UV oxidation►Biological – wetlands
• Dispersion►Reduced discharge rate and controlled release►Dispersed discharge and extension into flow field
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US Army Corps of Engineers • Engineer Research and Development Center
Sustainable Sediment Management and Dredging Seminar
28-30 Nov 2018 Galveston, TXUNCLASSIFIED // FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
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US Army Corps of Engineers • Engineer Research and Development Center
Sustainable Sediment Management and Dredging Seminar
28-30 Nov 2018 Galveston, TXUNCLASSIFIED // FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
Calumet Harbor, Chicago, Illinois
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US Army Corps of Engineers • Engineer Research and Development Center
Sustainable Sediment Management and Dredging Seminar
28-30 Nov 2018 Galveston, TXUNCLASSIFIED // FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
Leachate ControlsLiners and Drains
• Geomembranes• Clay for coarse-grained materials• Collection and dispersion
Amendments• Stabilizing agents• Adsorbing or precipitating agents such as
activated carbon to control organics or apatite to control certain metals
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US Army Corps of Engineers • Engineer Research and Development Center
Sustainable Sediment Management and Dredging Seminar
28-30 Nov 2018 Galveston, TXUNCLASSIFIED // FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
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US Army Corps of Engineers • Engineer Research and Development Center
Sustainable Sediment Management and Dredging Seminar
28-30 Nov 2018 Galveston, TXUNCLASSIFIED // FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
Waukegan Harbor, Illinois
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US Army Corps of Engineers • Engineer Research and Development Center
Sustainable Sediment Management and Dredging Seminar
28-30 Nov 2018 Galveston, TXUNCLASSIFIED // FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
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US Army Corps of Engineers • Engineer Research and Development Center
Sustainable Sediment Management and Dredging Seminar
28-30 Nov 2018 Galveston, TXUNCLASSIFIED // FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
Parrot Beak,
Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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US Army Corps of Engineers • Engineer Research and Development Center
Sustainable Sediment Management and Dredging Seminar
28-30 Nov 2018 Galveston, TXUNCLASSIFIED // FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
Volatilization Controls
Activated Carbon Applications• CDF pond• Slurry• Provides control during active placement
Capping (long-term control)• Prevent exposed condition by maintaining pond• Cover dredged material with clean material• Provides post-placement control
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US Army Corps of Engineers • Engineer Research and Development Center
Sustainable Sediment Management and Dredging Seminar
28-30 Nov 2018 Galveston, TXUNCLASSIFIED // FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
Contaminant Uptake Management & Controls
• Manage vegetative cover
• Amendments/treatments to reduce bioavailability
• Cap to reduce exposure
• Others more site specific depending on target species
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US Army Corps of Engineers • Engineer Research and Development Center
Sustainable Sediment Management and Dredging Seminar
28-30 Nov 2018 Galveston, TXUNCLASSIFIED // FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
Questions?