Sustainable Sanitation 1 Marco Bruni, seecon international gmbh.

14
Sustainable Sanitation Sustainable Sanitation 1 Marco Bruni, seecon international gmbh

Transcript of Sustainable Sanitation 1 Marco Bruni, seecon international gmbh.

Page 1: Sustainable Sanitation 1 Marco Bruni, seecon international gmbh.

Sustainable Sanitation

Sustainable Sanitation

1

Marco Bruni, seecon international gmbh

Page 2: Sustainable Sanitation 1 Marco Bruni, seecon international gmbh.

Sustainable Sanitation

Find this presentation and more on: www.ssswm.info.

Copy it, adapt it, use it – but acknowledge the source!Copyright

Included in the SSWM Toolbox are materials from various organisations and sources. Those materials are open source. Following the open-source concept for capacity building and non-profit use, copying and adapting is allowed provided proper acknowledgement of the source is made (see below). The publication of these materials in the SSWM Toolbox does not alter any existing copyrights. Material published in the SSWM Toolbox for the first time follows the same open-source concept, with all rights remaining with the original authors or producing organisations.

To view an official copy of the the Creative Commons Attribution Works 3.0 Unported License we build upon, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0. This agreement officially states that:

You are free to: • Share - to copy, distribute and transmit this document   • Remix - to adapt this document. We would appreciate receiving a copy of any changes that you have made to improve

this document.

Under the following conditions: • Attribution: You must always give the original authors or publishing agencies credit for the document or picture you are

using.

Disclaimer

The contents of the SSWM Toolbox reflect the opinions of the respective authors and not necessarily the official opinion of the funding or supporting partner organisations.

Depending on the initial situations and respective local circumstances, there is no guarantee that single measures described in the toolbox will make the local water and sanitation system more sustainable. The main aim of the SSWM Toolbox is to be a reference tool to provide ideas for improving the local water and sanitation situation in a sustainable manner. Results depend largely on the respective situation and the implementation and combination of the measures described. An in-depth analysis of respective advantages and disadvantages and the suitability of the measure is necessary in every single case. We do not assume any responsibility for and make no warranty with respect to the results that may be obtained from the use of the information provided.

 

Copyright & Disclaimer

Page 3: Sustainable Sanitation 1 Marco Bruni, seecon international gmbh.

Sustainable Sanitation

Find this presentation and more on: www.ssswm.info.

Contents

1. Introduction

2. Problems with current Approaches to Sanitation

3. What is Sustainable Sanitation?

4. Conclusion

5. SSWM and Sustainable Sanitation

6. References

3

Page 4: Sustainable Sanitation 1 Marco Bruni, seecon international gmbh.

Sustainable Sanitation

Find this presentation and more on: www.ssswm.info.

Approaches to Sanitation

• What exactly is wastewater?

• What should the organisation of asanitary system look like?

• How can we better managewastewater?

• How can we keep it simple,but yet effective and efficient?

• etc.

4

1. Introduction

Source: http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-2yIT8xt_stM/TwtB4J9sBqI/AAAAAAAACmY/s_6-9HHksUA/s1600/Istanbul%20Toilet.gif [Accessed: 30.01.2012]

Page 5: Sustainable Sanitation 1 Marco Bruni, seecon international gmbh.

Sustainable Sanitation

Find this presentation and more on: www.ssswm.info.

Conventional Forms of Wastewater Management and Sanitation

- Retention of solids

- Infiltration of liquids

5

2. Problems with Current Approaches to Sanitation

• Dry (pit) systems (on-site)

• Waterborne systems (centralised)

Source: http://i.bnet.com/blogs/toilet.png [Accessed: 30.01.2012]

Page 6: Sustainable Sanitation 1 Marco Bruni, seecon international gmbh.

Sustainable Sanitation

Find this presentation and more on: www.ssswm.info.

Dry (pit) Systems – The Drawbacks

6

2. Problems with current Approaches to Sanitation

Source: CONRADIN (2007)

Incomplete barrier between human beings and excreta

Liquids infiltrate the soil and enter the water cycle

Nutrients infiltrate the soil and enter aquatic systems

Pathogens infiltrate and enter aquatic system

Waterborne diseases

Eutrophication

Page 7: Sustainable Sanitation 1 Marco Bruni, seecon international gmbh.

Sustainable Sanitation

Find this presentation and more on: www.ssswm.info.

Waterborne Systems – The Drawbacks

•End-of-pipe system- 90% of global wastewater does not receive any treatment at all.

7

2. Problems with current Approaches to Sanitation

WINBLAD and SIMPSON-HERBERT (2004)

(CORCORAN et al. 2010)

Water demand

Investment costs

Maintenance

Energy-intensity

Technical knowledge

Social acceptance

(CORCORAN et al. 2010)

Mixing of different wastewater streams

Vulnerability

Operating costs

Page 8: Sustainable Sanitation 1 Marco Bruni, seecon international gmbh.

Sustainable Sanitation

Find this presentation and more on: www.ssswm.info.

Conventional Systems versus Sustainable Sanitation

• Socially acceptable• Economically viable

8

3. What is Sustainable Sanitation?

} Sustainable Sanitation

Conventional systems•Technical aspects

Sustainable Sanitation•Social•Environmental•Economical•and technical aspects

Integrative, holistic approach

Page 9: Sustainable Sanitation 1 Marco Bruni, seecon international gmbh.

Sustainable Sanitation

Find this presentation and more on: www.ssswm.info.

Basic Principle

Wastewater should NOT be considered as a waste but as a valuable resource.

Nutrients

Water

Energy

9

3. What is Sustainable Sanitation?

Source: CONRADIN (2010)

Page 10: Sustainable Sanitation 1 Marco Bruni, seecon international gmbh.

Sustainable Sanitation

Find this presentation and more on: www.ssswm.info.

Objectives of Sustainable Sanitation

• Health and hygiene Effective barrier between user and environment Prevention of exposure to excreta at all levels of the sanitation

process

• Environment and natural resources Protection of natural resources Recycling, low energy consumption, low emissions

• Technology and operation Adaptation to local circumstances Robustness against floods, power cuts, water shortages, etc.

• Financial & economic issues: Consideration of total (lifecycle) costs

• Socio-cultural & institutional aspects: Acceptance by the community

10

3. What is Sustainable Sanitation?

Page 11: Sustainable Sanitation 1 Marco Bruni, seecon international gmbh.

Sustainable Sanitation

Find this presentation and more on: www.ssswm.info.

Sustainable Sanitation is a simple Approach

• The essential principles• Wastewater and excreta should not be considered as a

waste, but as valuable resources.• Sanitation systems should be organised in a socially

acceptable and economically viable manner.

• There is no “one-fits-all” approach, much rather, the most adequate solution has to be found from case to case, considering climate and water availability, agricultural practices, socio-cultural preferences, affordability, safety, and technical prerequisites, etc.

11

4. Conclusion

Page 12: Sustainable Sanitation 1 Marco Bruni, seecon international gmbh.

Sustainable Sanitation

Find this presentation and more on: www.ssswm.info.

Integrated, holistic Approach

12

5. SSWM and Sustainable Sanitation

Page 13: Sustainable Sanitation 1 Marco Bruni, seecon international gmbh.

Sustainable Sanitation

Find this presentation and more on: www.ssswm.info.

CONRADIN, K. (2007): Ecological Sanitation in the Khuvsgul Area, Northern Mongolia: Socio-Cultural Parameters and Acceptance. Unpublished Master Thesis. Basel: University of Basel. http://www2.gtz.de/dokumente/oe44/ecosan/nl/en-ecosan-in-mongolia-mscthesis-2007.pdf [Accessed: 26.01.2012].

CORCORAN, E. (Editor); NELLEMANN, C. (Editor); BAKER, E. (Editor); BOS, R. (Editor); OSBORN, D. (Editor); SAVELLI, H. (Editor) (2010): Sick Water? The central role of wastewater management in sustainable development. A Rapid Response Assessment. United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), UN-HABITAT, GRID-Arendal. http://www.grida.no/_res/site/file/publications/sickwater/SickWater_screen.pdf [Accessed: 26.01.2012].

WINDBLAD, U.; SIMPSON-HERBERT, M. (2004): Ecological Sanitation - revised and enlarged edition. (pdf presentation). Sweden: Stockholm Environment Institute. http://www.ecosanres.org/pdf_files/Ecological_Sanitation_2004.pdf [Accessed: 26.01.2012].

13

6. References

Page 14: Sustainable Sanitation 1 Marco Bruni, seecon international gmbh.

Sustainable Sanitation 14

“Linking up Sustainable Sanitation, Water Management & Agriculture”

SSWM is an initiative supported by:

Created by: