Presentation onExperimental investigation on Design of GreenBuildings in IT Park & E waste Recycling

31st Oct 2012

• Any economic development requires Industrialization (Manufacturing,

Services, etc.), that may in turn drive the need for Infrastructure,

Residential, Amenities and related demand.

• Such developments impacts the Environment on various ways:

1. Deforestation

2. Alteration to Soil Strata

3. Depletion of Natural Resources

4. Higher Emissions

Sustainable Green Development

Why GREEN ?

• Since burdening the environment is unavoidable in such a scenario,

looking at minimization of the impact on the environment as lower as

possible, will provide Sustainability.

• Using Green Building Principles right from the design stage provides a

solution to both Operational efficiency, Social & Environmental aspects.

� Architect?

� Owner?

� Facilities group?

� MEP consultant?

� Landscape architect?

All can contribute !

WHO IS RESPONSIBLE ?

Important designs for Green BuildingsArchitect:•Orientation• Building Envelop• Building Skin• Zoning • Lighting• Equipment selection• Material Specifications• Renewable energy

HVAC Consultant:• Type of Cooling Systems

Equipment selection

Electrical Consultants:• Type of fittings

Controls

Plumbing Consultant:• Plumbing System

Type of Fittings

Contractor:• Construction Methodology

Waste Management

Operations & Maintenance:• Monitor Usage Pattern• Maintain Equipments• Using efficient controls & Tools

User:• Equipments• Usage Pattern

Ramanujan IT City, Chennai- A Case Study

Little wood Tower Expected Completion

Dec’2012

Service Apartment Expected completion

May’2014

Infinity Tower –Expected completion

Dec’2013

Neville Tower Expected completion Dec’2012

Carr Tower Operational Apr’2012

Cambridge Tower -Expected completion

Dec’2013

Hardy Tower Operational May’2011

Infinity Tower

• Ramanujan IT City building design was done @ LEED-GO LD Rated level in the

following areas

• Energy

� HVAC

� ELECTRICAL

• Indoor Air Quality

• Waste Recycle

• Exercising the operation with EnMS 50001 Certificate

Green Building- Case Study

Ramanujan IT City

• Ramanujan IT City building designed with 0.625 KVA per 100 sq.

• Either roof garden also with solar panels to restrict direct sun rays falling on the roof top.

• Water recycling with using treated water for the Toilet flush, landscape balance for the cooling tower

make up ,drift and evaporation losses( sewage recycled to the extent of 95 % )

• Top soil preservation for the reuse in landscape.

• Providing separate smoking provision away from building, maintaining building as nonsmoking zone.

• Rain water harvesting percolation pit with over flow connection to the system with micro filter.

Green Building- Case Study

Contd….

• STP has been designed to handle 100% waste water from the campus.

• Water efficient flush & flow fixtures have been adopted.

• CFC & HCFC free system used in all HVAC & fire suppression.

• CO sensors for the basement ventilation fans.

• Designated place provided for the storage & collection of recyclable waste.

• Three basement & two stilt covered parking for the vehicles.

• Public transport access by nearest MRT station just 500 Mars away & bus station at 200 mars away.

• Eco parking with charging points for battery operated vehicles provided.

• Motorized damper for the fresh air to operate based on CO2 sensor.

• Heat recovery wheel

Green Building – Case Study

• High COP (Low IKW / TR) Water chilling machines.

• Variable speed secondary / tertiary pumps which ensure that chilled water is supplied according to

demand.

• Energy efficient motors for AHU’s and for large ventilation fan motors.

• Selection of highly efficient fans for air handling units and ventilation system.

• Variable speed drive on all tenanted / amenities area AHU’s.

• Car park exhaust system equipped with CO (Carbon Monoxide) sensors so that exhaust fans are

operated as per permitted CO concentration levels.

Green Building – Case Study

ENERGY CONSERVATION MEASURES

� Air-conditioning

� Provided Water Cooled Chiller with higher COP

� Water cooled chiller - energy consumption less than Air cooled Chiller

� Recycled water to Cooling Tower

� Energy efficient motors

89%

10%1%

AC LIFE CYCLE COST

0.65 KW

/TR

1.3

KW

/TR

POWER CONSUMPTION

ENERGY CONSERVATION MEASURES

ELECTRICAL & LV SYSTEM

•Energy efficient fluorescent tube lights (T-5) shall be used.

•All fluorescent light fixtures are specified to incorporate electronic chokes which have less watt-loss compared to

electro-magnetic chokes and result in superior operating power factor. This indirectly saves energy. Electronic chokes

also improves life of the fluorescent lamps.

• Energy efficient fluorescent lamps & CFL lamps which give approx. 30% more light output for the same watts

consumed and therefore require less nos. of fixtures and corresponding lower point wiring costs.

•An APFC relay based on contactor switching is proposed to effect the power factor correction / improvement.

•All cables shall be derated to avoid heating during use. This also indirectly reduces losses and improves reliability.

ENERGY CONSERVATION MEASURES

ELECTRICAL & LV SYSTEM Contd….

•Energy efficient fluorescent tube lights (T-5) shall be used.

•Energy efficient fluorescent lamps & CFL lamps which give approx. 30% more light output for the same watts

•An Automatic Power Factor Correction relay based on contactor switching is proposed to effect the power factor

correction / improvement.

•All cables shall be derated to avoid heating during use. This also indirectly reduces losses and improves reliability.

•

ENERGY EFFICIENT FITTINGS USED

LEDCFL

T5

VFD

ELIMINATION OF CFC

� Intent – Reduce Ozone Depletion

� Prerequisite - Zero use of CFC based refrigerants

� Substitutes Refrigerants – HFC 134a, 407c,143a & HCFC 123

� Environmental

� Leaks in refrigeration circuits

� Renders ozone layer incapable of shielding from UV radiations

� Community

� Overexposure to UV-radiation

� Risk of skin cancer, cataracts, weak immune systems

� Reduced crop yield

Refrigerant ODP GWP

CFC-12 1 8500

HCFC - 22 0.06 1700

HFC 134a 0 1300

ODP – Ozone Depleting potential

GWP – Global warming potential

ODP – Ozone Depleting potential

GWP – Global warming potential

INDOOR AIR QUALITY

� Intent

� Prevent Indoor Air Quality problems

� Enhance indoor air quality

� Comfort

� Well-being of the occupants

Good IAQ

can enh

ance occ

upant

productiv

ity by 5-1

5%

INDOOR AIR MONITORING

� CO2 Monitoring

� CO2 sensors located the in the floors to monitor & control fresh air inlet

� Non-densely occupied spaces

� A direct outdoor air-flow measurement

�Increase air ventilation rates to all occupied spaces by at least 30% above

RECOMMENDED CO2 LEVEL BY

ASHRAE 1000PPM

HVAC IN GREEN BUILDING

ELECTRICAL POWER IN GREEN BUILDING

Advantages of GREEN BUILDING

Advantages of GREEN BUILDING

WATER EFFICIENCY

Approach to

�REDUCE

�REUSE

�RECHARGE

WATER EFFICIENCY

� Completely eliminate use of potable water for landscape irrigation

� Use rain or recycled water to eliminate 100% potable water use for site irrigation

� Installed landscaping that does not require permanent irrigation system

� 100% recycled water is used for irrigation purpose

� Limit or eliminate the use of potable water for Air-conditioning make-up system

� To reduce the potable water consumption for air conditioning make up by 50%

LANDSCAPE FEATURES

Landscape has played a major part in reducing the Heat Island effect in the campusMajor portion of the podium area is covered with greenery thereby reducing the heat transmission to the lower floors and glare on to the façade In the Ground floor too care has been taken to reduce the glare with extensive vertical landscaped compound wall and planters along the entire stretchThe top soil had been preserved at site during excavation and same has been used for landscape in siteCare has been taken in choosing native species of plants therebyreducing the water requirement and survival of same.Recycled water from STP is used for landscape water requirementSprinklers have been installed to minimize wastage of waterRecycling of water in water bodies has also helped in reducing the water consumption in landscape

LANDSCAPE FEATURES

More than 90 % of the cars are located under cover in basements.Care has been taken in choosing trees in Ground level to see to it the same takes not more than 5 years to grow full height and give adequate cover to the open car parks located in the external areas, thereby reducing the Heat Island effect .

BUILDING MATERIAL

Most materials used are Green rated materials

Recycle content- To reduce the demand on virgin material.

Concrete: It is seen to it that the concrete contains minimum of 5 to 10% fly ash content in the mix prepared in the batching plant.

Hollow Blocks: Again it is ensured with the supplier that they have used at least about 10% of fly ash in the manufacture of blocks

Tiles, Cement boards: Manufacturer to ensure the recycle content in the product

Insulation, adhesives, sealants & paints: Low VOC content. To reduce respiratory infections and maintain a healthy atmosphere in the office areas. This has proved to increase the performance of the occupants

Carpet used: Certified by the Carpet authority

Waste steel, Gypboard, etc: Forwarded to the Recycle plant

E- Waste

E Waste

• Over the past two decades, the volume of electrical and electronic waste has increased by

less than half a million units annually in the mid-1980s to over twenty million units worldwide

by 2013.

• People are upgrading their electronic devices more frequently than before and generating E-

Waste at an alarming rate.

• E- waste handling is the Problem, most of it being dumped or incinerated directly into the

environment.

• The waste contains many valuable substances like gold, platinum and copper, and that too in

larger concentrations than their own respective ores which are simply stripped away from the

waste and the residue is simply dumped or burned away. However, proper recycling is

beneficial both environmentally and commercially

Source of e-wastes Constituent Health effects

Solder in printed circuit boards, glass panels and gaskets in computer monitors

Lead (PB)• Damage to central and peripheral nervous systems, blood systems and kidney damage.• Affects brain development of children.

Chip resistors and semiconductors Cadmium (CD)

• Toxic irreversible effects on human health.• Accumulates in kidney and liver.• Causes neural damage.• Teratogenic.

Relays and switches, printed circuit boards

Mercury (Hg) • Chronic damage to the brain.• Respiratory and skin disorders due to bioaccumulation in fishes.

Corrosion protection of untreated and galvanized steel plates, decorator or hardner for steel housings

Hexavalent chromium (Cr) • Asthmatic bronchitis.• DNA damage.

Cabling and computer housing Plastics including PVC

Burning produces dioxin. It causes• Reproductive and developmental problems;• Immune system damage;• Interfere with regulatory hormones

Plastic housing of electronic equipments and circuit boards.

Brominated flame retardants (BFR)• Disrupts endocrine system functions

Front panel of CRTs Barium (Ba)Short term exposure causes:• Muscle weakness;• Damage to heart, liver and spleen.

Motherboard Beryllium (Be)

• Carcinogenic (lung cancer)• Inhalation of fumes and dust. Causes chronic beryllium disease or beryllicosis.• Skin diseases such as warts.

Effects of EEffects of E--Waste constituent on healthWaste constituent on health

Source: Envis Journal of Human Settlements

� Recycling of e-waste

� Re-use

To note: a) Landfilling & Incineration processes are also considered, but, considered still not

advisable

b) When studied the potential e waste generation f rom 1 million sq ft our IT Campus, it was

noticed, 200 MT per every million sq ft is being g enerated in five years life of PCs

EE--waste Treatment & Disposal Methodswaste Treatment & Disposal Methods

Green Sustainability

ItIt ’’s not all about s not all about reportingreporting ……

It’s about management and

business practices

Our Responsibility

The roadmap to sustainability’s biggest priority by far is

performance .Organizations' must produce tangible results that put them on a

truly sustainable path.

Performance will be the ultimate measure for evaluating a company’s progress towards achieving sustainability.

Thank You

Thank You