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South Australian Department for Education and Child Development trading as South Australian Government Schools, CRICOS Provider Number 00018A

ADELAIDE, SOUTH AUSTRALIA

Monday 25th June—Friday 29th June 2012

SUSTAINABLE ENERGY FOR ALL

Event Program

International Science Fair 2012 INTERNATIONAL SCIENCE FAIR 2012

Principals Message

Thank you all so much for attending the 9th International Science Fair held at the Australian Science &

Mathematics School. I am honoured to welcome students and teachers from 10 schools and 8 nations to the

ASMS. In particular a warm welcome to the Hwa Chong Institution, Singapore, who are participating for the first

time and our sister school, The Middle School Associated to the Shandong University, China .

The 2012 ISF focuses on the United Nations Year of Sustainable Energy for All. Our theme is so relevant in our

21st century world; a world that has many challenges. A high level of creative thinking from people who can

integrate their scientific knowledge and skills for the good of our planet, its environments and societies is

required to resolve the complex challenges before us. I am confident that the young people who are

participating in this world class forum will play an important role in our future.

I am grateful to the ASMS staff who have committed their time to design and organise the challenges for the

ISF theme. The activities they have organised include addresses from scientists, and a set of challenging

problems related to thinking about sustainable energy for all. The challenge teams will have the chance to

present their solutions to the participants and wider ASMS community.

I hope that the students will find that the program extends their thinking, allows them to use their knowledge in

interesting ways and encourages them to explore their ethics and assumptions. In particular, the team-work to

address the challenges will give students the chance to work with others from different nations thus promoting

the intercultural understandings needed in our contemporary world. The various cultural events may also help

develop friendships between our students which I hope may be the basis for future cooperation.

The 2012 ISF would not be possible without the leadership of Mr Graeme Oliver, Deputy Principal ASMS, his

assistant, Mrs Julie Cassidy and the contribution of the staff of the Australian Science & Mathematics School

who have worked tirelessly to organise every detail of this complex venture.

Welcome and enjoy.

Associate Professor Susan Hyde

Principal, Australian Science and Mathematics School

Professor Michael Barber, President and Vice Chancellor, Flinders University

Professor Michael Barber is an enthusiastic supporter of the Australian Science and

Mathematics School International Science Fair. His enthusiasm encourages us to

continue to grow our commitment to linking students from around the world to share

their passion for science and mathematics and build personal friendships.

International Science Fair 2012 International Science Fair 2012 INTERNATIONAL SCIENCE FAIR 2012

The Australian Science & Mathematics School

International Science Fair

An ASMS Annual Event

ESTABLISHED 2004


United Nations Year of Sustainable Energy For All www.sustainableenergyforall.org

Objectives to achieve Sustainable Energy for All

Developed countries face the combined challenge and opportunity of transforming

existing infrastructure, and developing countries have the opportunity to adopt

cleaner, more efficient technology from the start. These three objectives reinforce

each other in many instances, and achieving the three together will power

opportunity, maximize development benefits and help stabilize climate change.

Ensure universal access to modern energy services.

Sustainable energy powers opportunity. Yet 1.3 billion people—one in five

globally—lack electricity to light their homes or conduct business. Twice that

number—nearly 40% of the world's population—rely on wood, coal, charcoal, or

animal waste to cook their food—breathing in toxic smoke that causes lung

disease and kills nearly two million people a year, most of them women and

children.

Double the global rate of improvement in energy efficiency.

Investing in energy efficiency creates jobs, fosters economic

growth and improves energy security for countries that lack

domestic fossil fuel resources.

Of the three objectives of Sustainable Energy for All,

improving energy efficiency has the clearest impact on saving

money, improving business results, and delivering more

services for consumers—better refrigerators that cost the

same but use less energy; new vehicle designs that travel

further on less fuel; and buildings that require less energy to

heat and cool.

Double the share of renewable energy in the global energy mix.

Energy from renewable resources—wind, water, the sun, biomass and

geothermal energy—is inexhaustible and clean. The costs of technologies

to capture that energy are rapidly falling and becoming economically

competitive with fossil fuels, while reducing the risk of climate change.

Renewable energy currently constitutes 15% of the global energy mix.

Achieving the Secretary-General's objective of doubling that percentage by

2030 requires support from all sectors of society, including individuals.

Renewable energy products and services constitute a rapidly growing

segment of the international marketplace.

The United Nations is an international organization founded in 1945 after the Second World War by 51 countries committed to

maintaining international peace and security, developing friendly relations among nations and promoting social progress, better

living standards and human rights.


United Nations Year of Sustainable Energy For All

ASMS International Science Fair 2012 is a registered event with the United Nations Year of Energy for All.

http://www.sustainableenergyforall.org/events?start=20

Events

To Build Support and Raise Awareness

Throughout 2012, the International Year of Sustainable Energy for All, public events will raise awareness and provide

a vital advocacy platform for addressing the challenge of achieving sustainable energy for all.

Here are some other registered events for United Nations Year of Sustainable Energy For All.

Rio +20: United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development

At the Rio+20 Conference, world leaders, along with thousands of participants from governments, the private sector,

NGOs and other groups, will come together to shape how we can reduce poverty, advance social equity and ensure

environmental protection on an ever more crowded planet to get to the future we want. The United Nations

Conference on Sustainable Development (UNCSD) is being organized in pursuance of General Assembly Resolution

64/236 (A/RES/64/236), and will take place in Brazil on 20-22 June 2012 to mark the 20th anniversary of the 1992

United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), in Rio de Janeiro, and the 10th anniversary

of the 2002 World Summit on Sustainable Development (WSSD) in Johannesburg.

For More Information: http://www.uncsd2012.org/rio20/

Tour 2012 Europe - Green Technology Tour

TOUR2012EUROPE is the largest green technology tour that will visit 14 EU countries from June to November 2012.

Presenting climate related communications and activities for local citizens, business-to-business and business to

government. Our true commitment, goal and purpose are to activate, inspire and educate citizens, institutions,

business communities and other stakeholders to take initiatives in order to reduce the CO2 emissions.

Clean Business International 2012

Worldwide, sustainable business practices have shifted from left-field to mainstream, a trend that COP 17 has

accelerated and consolidated. In recognition of this change of state, Cape Media is organising Clean Business

International (CBI) 2012, a mainstream business conference and expo dedicated to highlighting the risks and

opportunities implicit in a low-carbon approach to business in a context of climate change. Structured around five

main themes, namely, strategy, logistics, energy, water, and urban development, CBI 2012 includes a workshop on

'Renewable Energy Investment Opportunities in Sub-Saharan Africa' hosted by Pangea Link.

SGS Portugal “Energy Efficiency” Complimentary On-line Seminar

This free on-line session, aims to present to organizations in general, how they can use energy in a smarter way,

which will allow them to reduce energy costs and even generate new profits. Because sustainability is about three

things: people, environment and economy.

Rio+20 Social

Similar to the highly successful Social Good Summit co-hosted by UNF in New York the past two years, Rio+Social

will bring together one of the largest gatherings of social media opinion makers and global leaders in the hemisphere.

Rio+Social will be a one-day event for 400-600 participants that will feature conversations with key players from the

social media and policy arenas on a fully integrated social media network.

http://www.uncsd2012.org/files/OD/ARES64236E.pdf

http://www.sustainableenergyforall.org/events/single/tour-2012-europe-green-technology-tour

http://www.sustainableenergyforall.org/events/single/clean-business-international-2012


Schedule

Day Time Student Activity Venue

Monday 25/6/2012

8.05am Participants depart Nunyara Conference Centre

8.30am Students arrive at ASMS

9.00am Opening Ceremony - Principal's Welcome - Ms Susan Hyde - Official Opening - Professor Michael Barber, Vice Chancellor Flinders Uni-versity - Introduction of Visiting Schools - Jason Byrne & Angela Oemcke Lower

Learning Common

9.30am 9.50am 10.00am 10.10am

Cultural Presentations Aboriginal Cultural Performance - The Paitya Dance Group Lycée d’enseignement general et technologique agricole de Pouembout Mahidol Wittayanusorn School, Thailand ASMS Musical Item

10.20am Morning Break

11.00am ASMS Dance Item

Lower Learning Common

11.10am “Sustainable Energy for All” keynote presentation (1) Associate Professor Amanda Ellis - Faculty of Science & Engineering, Flinders University

11.50am

Cultural Presentations Korea Science Academy

12.00pm “Sustainable Energy for All” keynote presentation (2) Ms Anh Tran - Flinders University

12.30pm Lunch

1.40pm Sustainable Energy for All – Meet the Challenge LC's as per timetable

3.20pm Afternoon Break

4.00pm School Groups meeting time Lower Learn-ing Common - Preparation for seminar presentations

4.30pm Bus returns to Nunyara Conference Centre (accommodation)

6.00pm Dinner at Nunyara Conference Centre

Tuesday 26/6/2012


8.30am Students to arrive at ASMS

9.00am Confront the Challenge working group session 1 Learning Commons as per timetable


11.00am Confront the Challenge working group session 2

12.30pm Lunch 1.30pm ISF Seminar Presentations LC 4/5 &

3.30pm Afternoon Break 4.00pm School groups meeting time Lower Learn-

ing Common




Day Time Student Activity Venue

Wednesday 27/6/2012



9.00am Solve the Challenge working group session 1 Learning Commons as per timetable


11.00am Solve the Challenge working group session 2

12.30pm Lunch

1.30pm Set up for Poster Display Learning

Common 1/2 & Void

2.00pm Public Viewing of Poster Display

3.30pm Afternoon Break

4.00pm Pack up of Poster Display



Thursday 28/6/2012



9.00am Finalise the Challenge working groups Learning

Commons as per timetable


11.00am Presentation of Challenge solutions to Appreciation Panels

and Challenge Expo

1.00pm Lunch

1.45pm ISF 2012 Closing Ceremony

Lower Learning Common

Speaker - Profesor Don Bursill AM - Chief Scientist for South Australia

Presentation of Challenge solutions

Presentation of ISF Certificates

Musical Item

ISF 2012 memories

3.00pm Close ISF 2012

4.00pm Students to Marion Westfield shopping Centre


Friday 8.05am Participants depart Nunyara Conference Centre

29/06/2012 9.15am Arrive Mt Lofty (Group Photo)

Full Day Cultural Experience

9.30am Cleland Wildlife Park (Koala Close Up 11.00am - 12.00pm) Educ Prog 10.15-11.00 & 11.30-12.15

12.30pm lunch

1.30pm Depart Cleland Wildlife Park

2.30pm Adelaide City Museum

4.30pm Art Gallery

5.30pm City Shopping

7.00pm Depart City

8.00pm Return to Nunyara Conference Centre


Participants

Names Title /

Gender Accom. Room Age PBL Code PBL Location

Erindale College, Canberra, Australia ASMS Buddies - Madison Wheeler & Jason Byrne

OLVER Felicity Ms 2 Teacher

SMITH Peter Mr H6 Teacher

HAMILTON Megan F 3 18 ISUE LC9

LEETHAM Rhiannon F 3 16 SCEE Studio 5/6

JOLLEY Sam M 13 16 DESN Studio 2

Fort Richmond Collegiate, Winnipeg, Canada ASMS Buddies - Rohan Suresh & Charlotte Jenkins

ADAMSON Robert Mr A1 Prog. Director

LIU Daisy F 7 16 DESN Studio 2

LIU David M 17 17 SCEE Studio 5/6

WANG Ben M 17 16 AECH LC7 / Studio 7

Hwa Chong Institution, Singapore ASMS Buddies - Farhan Adnan & Amelia Chaplin

Yeo Hwee Joo Dr A3 Principal

Ng Siew Hoon Mrs 4 Teacher

KOO Guo An Jonathan M 18 16 PPPL Studio 8/9

LOO Li Yang M 18 16 PPPL Studio 8/9

SEOW Jing Ye M 18 16 PPPL Studio 8/9

John Monash Science School, Victoria, Australia ASMS Buddies - Adam Hamilton & Paris Johnson

MCSKIMMING Carly Ms 2 Teacher

VALE Tristan Mr H6 Teacher

KEK Hans M 13 15 SEPP Studio 4

PRABHAKARA Aditya M 13 15 DWSE LC3

HEWES Joanna F 9 15 ISUE LC9

TA Jennifer F 9 15 SEPP Studio 4

LONG Madeline F 9 15 AECH LC7 / Studio 7

VAN Elaine F 9 16 SCEE Studio 5/6

Korea Science Academy of KAIST, Busan, Korea ASMS Buddies - Yunsik Kim & Rhianna Guerin

Young Hwan Kim Mr. H8 Teacher

HWANG Jimin F 5 16 AECH LC7 / Studio 7

JIN Seungwook M 13 17 AECH LC7 / Studio 7

LEE Kyunam M 13 18 RNWD LC1 / Studio 1

YOON Yeonjung F 5 18 RNWD LC1 / Studio 1


Participants

Names Title /


Lycée des Iles W Haundra, Lifou, New Caledonia ASMS Buddies - Philipp Grozinger & Sanja Krneta

FAVERO Nathalie Mrs 8 Teacher

PRIVAT Guillaume M 15 16 AECH LC7 / Studio 7

HNAIJE Ludovic M 15 18 AECH LC7 / Studio 7

INEA Wene M 15 18 AECH LC7 / Studio 7

Mahidol Wittayanusorn School, Bangkok, Thailand ASMS Buddies - Tommy Schwarz & Sara Krneta

SAE-LIM Sorachai Mr. H7 Senior Teacher

of Chemistry

CHAROENSUK Jutamas F 5 17 AECH LC7 / Studio 7

AHRAYAWAEROJ Phoowan M 16 17 DESN Studio 2

SUKCHAROEN Krittawit M 16 17 ISUE LC9

XANTHAVANIJ Papon M 16 17 ISUE LC9

PIYAJOMKWAN Pitchaya M 16 17 AECH LC7 / Studio 7

Middle School Attached to Shandong University,

China ASMS Buddies - Daniel McKay & Shanna Kaluwin

LIU Wenying Ms 10 Teacher

WANG,Yingqiao F 3 15 DWSE LC3

LI,Jiangshan F 3 15 RNWD LC1 / Studio 1

LI,Boteng M 11 15 ISUE LC9

HOU,Shaozhuang M 11 15 RNWD LC1 / Studio 1

CHEN,Wensheng M 11 15 ISUE LC9

LI,Xiaochen M 11 15 DWSE LC3

NUS High School of Math & Science, Singapore ASMS Buddies - Amy Love & Joel Tuckwell

LIM Jia Hui Ms 6 Teacher

NG Choon Hwee Justin M 11 17 CWSP LC2

LEE Yann Tsyr Andreea F 1 17 CWSP LC2

ANG Yen Ling F 1 18 CWSP LC2

KOH Jia Hong F 1 17 CWSP LC2

YANG Qian Asarelah F 1 17 CWSP LC2


Participants

Names Title /


Ritsumeikan Senior High School, Kyoto, Japan ASMS Buddies - Dylan Perry & Angela Oemcke

MAEZAWA Toshisuke Mr 12 Teacher

SHINKAWA Rino F 5 18 RNWD LC1 / Studio 1

KAWAMOTO Wataru M 15 17 RNWD LC1 / Studio 1

HIRAMATSU Naoya M 15 17 SEPP Studio 4

Australian Science and Mathematics School

OEMCKE Angela F 7 16 SEPP Studio 4

BYRNE Jason M 17 16 ISUE LC9

WHEELER Madison F 7 17 DESN Studio 2

KIM Yunsik M 17 15 AECH LC7 / Studio 7

KRNETA Sara F 7 16 ISUE LC9

KRNETA Sanja F 7 16 AECH LC7 / Studio 7

SURESH KUMAR Rohan M 17 15 AECH LC7 / Studio 7

HAMILTON Adam M 17 16 SEPP LC9

JOHNSON Paris F 7 16 AECH LC7 / Studio 7

JENKINS Charlotte F 7 16 DESN Studio 2

KALUWIN Shanna F 7 16 RNWD LC1 / Studio 1

LOVE Amy F 7 16 CWSP LC2

ADNAN Farhan M 17 16 PPPL Studio 8/9

GUERIN Rhianna F - 15 RNWD LC1 / Studio 1

TUCKWELL Joel M - 16 CWSP LC2

GROZINGER Philipp M - 15 AECH LC7 / Studio 7

SCHWARZ Thomas M - 15 DESN Studio 2

MCKAY Daniel M - 15 DWSE LC3

CHAPLIN Amelia F - 16 PPPL Studio 8/9

PERRY Dylan M - 16 RNWD LC1 / Studio 1


Keynote Speakers

Professor Don Bursill AM

Co-Chair, Premier's Science and Research Council, and Chief Scientist for South

Australia

Professor Don Bursill is an international leader and recognised expert in the field of water

management and water quality. He has been at the forefront of the most important

developments and decisions regarding potable water in Australia for the past 40 years. For

most of that time he worked for the South Australian Water Corporation as its Chief Scientist

(1990—2005). His experience was focused mainly on water quality, water treatment and water

resources management.

He led a national team that was successful in establishing the Cooperative Research Centre

for Water Quality and Treatment under the Australian Government’s Cooperative Research Centres Program and

was CEO of that Centre (1995—2005). Under his leadership, the CRC became an internationally-respected water

research establishment and the first stop for anyone requiring information about the drinking water industry in

Australia. Professor Bursill transformed the Australian water industry into an international leader in the field.

Professor Bursill is the Current Chairman of the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Water

Quality Advisory Committee. Under Professor Bursill’s leadership in his role with NHMRC the Australian Drinking

Water Guidelines and the new National Water Recycling Guidelines have incorporated a new risk based framework

for water quality management to protect public health. This new approach has subsequently been adopted by the

World Health Organisation and the European Economic Community.

Professor Bursill has always given to the local community. His support and generous advice to volunteer members of

the Onkaparinga Esturary Water Quality Group resulted in a $1 million wetland clean up of storm water entering the

Onkaparinga River.

Professor Bursill has been Chief Scientist for South Australia since early 2011.

Assoc. Professor Amanda Ellis

Associate Professor in Chemistry / Nanotechnolgy, Flinders University

Assoc. Prof. Amanda Ellis graduated with a Ph.D (Applied Chemistry) from the University

of Sydney in 2003. She then undertook 2 US postdoctoral fellowships. The first at

Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute working on the modification of carbon nanotubes and

self-assembly processes on 2D and 3D surfaces.

Her second post-doc was at New Mexico State university which resulted in the

development and patenting of a method to functionalise carbon nanotubes for transparent

antistatic coatings. In 2004 she was awarded a prestigious New Zealand Foundation of Science and Technology Post

doctoral fellowship (1 of 16) and since late 2006 she has been a teaching/research academic at Flinders University.

Ms Anh Tran

Lecturer School of Computer Science, Engineering & Mathematics

Anh Tran is an engineering lecturer and also a volunteer with Engineers Without Borders

Australia (EWB), a non-profit organisation that works with disadvantaged communities to

improve their quality of life through education and the implementation of sustainable

engineering projects. She has been involved in a number of sustainable energy projects both

overseas and in remote Aboriginal communities. Anh was the national coordinator of the EWB

Challenge, an Australasian design program for first-year university students where students

work in teams to develop conceptual designs for projects identified by EWB's community

partners. She is now working at Flinders University mentoring teams in the EWB Challenge

and also developing high school outreach programs.


ISF 2012 Problem Based Learning Challenge Activities

Understand the

Challenge

Meet the Challenge

Know/Need to Know

Explore the Possibilities

Explore the

Possibilities

Gather Information

Share Information

Test Possible Solutions

Solve the

Challenge

Determine Best Fit Solution

Present the Solution

Debrief the Challenge

Problem Based Learning Approach for Challenge Activities

For ISF 2012 we are engaging students in challenge activities that help them explore practical solutions to prob-

lems relating to the issue of sustainable energy for all. Each challenge activity should be rich, engaging, mean-

ingful and practical. Students will work through a problem based learning approach for the challenge activities

as they try to develop solutions for their particular challenge that include elements of innovation, creativity and

efficiency.

We acknowledge the work of the Illinois Mathematics and Science Academy in developing the Problem Based

Learning model.


Problem Based Learning Challenge Activities

Title: Practical Problems with Petrol and Alternative Fuel Sources (PPPL)

Lead Teachers: Terry O’Reilly and Matt Jamieson Location: Studio 8/9

Your task is to find an economical and viable chemical fuel alternative to petroleum.

Your role as a small group which is part of a large research organisation, is to collaborate with others to

investigate low distillate crude oil and alcohol based fuels as alternative fuel sources for internal combustion

engines. You will need to conduct extensive practical testing of various fuel combinations to determine your

final recommended product.

Subject focus: Physics, Chemistry

Title: Improving the Sustainability of Urban Environments through the Use of Plants (ISUE)

Lead Teachers: Jean Clayton, Maryann Doolette, Michael Pride & Lisa Pope Location: LC9

We are seeking ways to make our central city precinct more environmentally sustainable and have recently

heard of some amazing new concepts such as ‘green wall’ architecture and ‘vertical farming’. We want you to

test whether these kinds of innovations can address a range of key performance indicators:

Reduce household costs (such as heating and cooling, transport and food provision)

Recycle water and reduce demand on this precious resource

Reduce the costs and pollution of city waste disposal (household and business)

Bring greenness back into the city to improve air quality and reinvigorate a ‘natural’ environment (at the

moment we are growing grass, herbs, flowers and vegetables wherever we can around our apartment blocks).

This is a project for an Inner City Renewal organisation asking for your expert help in their ongoing urban

development project. They want to discuss your ideas with the City Council, because capturing the imagination

of local government is essential for access to funding. They say: “We eagerly anticipate your presentations to

our executive committee at the end of the week and hope to be able to take your innovative ideas to our next

meeting with the Council”.

Use skills and knowledge drawn from science, engineering and construction, architecture and horticulture to

test possible solutions.

Subject focus: Architecture, Environmental Science

Title: Energy and Persuasion (ENPN)

Lead Teachers: Cat Stone, Karla Pobke, Andy Stone Location: LC4

Design and produce a highly persuasive advertising campaign on behalf of the Australian government that will

persuade the Australian population to develop a positive attitude to the ‘Meat and Poultry Ration Law’ using

psychological theories on attitudes and persuasion. The advertising campaign may utilise one, some or all of

print, radio, film and internet media.

Subject focus: Psychology


Title: Sustainable Energy for All Political Party (SEPP)

Lead teachers: Will Hallwas and Penny Collins Location: Studio 4

Increasingly scientists are finding possible solutions that will ensure sustainable energy for all, however without

support from decision makers societal change is slow. You are a member of the Sustainable Energy For All

Political Party, you need to create innovative policies to support your platform.

Research current legislation which promotes

A reduction in energy consumption

Promotes scientific research in specific sustainable energy technologies

Shifts from non-sustainable

You will need to communicate your policies to people in ways that they will understand and will lead them to

vote for you.

Subject focus: Political Science

Title: Let There be Light - Using Recycled Materials to Provide Household Light (LTBL)

Lead Teachers: Kate Smith & Geetha Nair Location: LC8 / Studio 8

Your challenge is to design free lighting for houses in poverty stricken areas using recyclable household

materials. Can you design something for us? What will it cost us? Is it safe and sustainable? You can come up

with a presentation of ideas and try some modelling of solutions.

You will work as a team of scientists, environmentalists and economists to provide a solution to this challenge.

Work through a series of tasks to research and produce sustainable, realistic, practical outcomes that meet the

goals.

Subject focus: Environmental science, Economics

Title: Automation Exploration Challenge (AECH)

Lead Teachers: Richard Leach, Eng Chuah Location: LC7 / Studio 7

The world is facing a crisis whereby resources are being depleted at an alarming rate. The race is on to be the

first to discover and mine new mineral resources, reaping astronomical financial rewards in the process.

However, exploration in the physical sense is not feasible and the only approach is through remote controlled

mechanical means. This involves computer programming, and the adrenalin surge to be the first successful

explorer is exhilarating.

Your goal is to explore a remote and yet uncharted terrain in the expectation of discovering much needed and

financially rewarding natural resources. In teams you will need to design and program LEGO Mindstorm

robots to access these remote resources.

You will need to assemble the robot according to the required specifications. Next, familiarise yourself with the

software program and thereafter input the necessary algorithm to enable the robot to travel to the intended

destination. The robot should also be able to collect samples and return to the starting point.

Once that has been achieved, improvements have to be made to the program as speed and accuracy are

essential criteria of the evaluation.

Subject focus: Robotics, Electronics




Title: “Running with the Wind – Constructing a Wind Powered Generator” (RNWD)

Lead Teachers: Jason Loke, Joel Ang Location: LC1 / Studio 1

Your task is to build a working model of a Windmill to generate electricity.

The goal is to fine tune the specific design characteristics of your windmill to achieve the maximum power

output over a sustained period of time.

This project can directly benefit remote sites across the globe in the production of relatively cheap,

sustainable, energy. So your final product must be marketed to this audience.

You will use a fixed, and allocated, source of funds to ‘purchase’ equipment from the salvage yards to build

your Windmill. Materials will be pre-priced for students but a bartering system will be in place for the trading of

items. Your final Windmill will then be connected to a circuit to measure sustained output.

Subject focus: Physics, Electronics

Title: Creating Safe, Low-cost Drinking Water with Solar Energy DWSE

Lead teachers: Chris Heddles and Doug Medwell Location: LC3

This task solves the dual problems of lack of drinking water and the energy to create it in many communities

around the world.

This task is to design and build a device that will harness the sun’s energy (direct solar thermal harnessing) to

purify “contaminated” water to produce the maximum quantity of safe, clean drinking water within a defined

period of exposure to the sun. Students will be given a range of materials and a physical space limitation for

their device.

Passive solar stills are standard survival equipment and many standard methods exist for building ad-hoc

systems from readily-available materials. Despite this, few people without specific training know how to build

and operate such a device. This task will allow students to produce the design for a solar still that could

potentially be used for either of these two primary application areas:

Disaster relief (where individuals or communities are cut off from potable water supplies)

Remote and developing world communities as an emergency measure for when the regular safe water supply

is unreliable.

Subject focus: Physics, Environmental Science

Title: How Can We Improve the Energy Efficiency of Solar Cells? (SCEE)

Lead teachers: Judy Sara and Doc Davis Location: Studio 5/6

Dear Nanotechnologists, we can produce electricity by artificial photosynthesis but we need your help to

improve the efficiency of our process.

Your task will be to work in teams to make a dye sensitised solar cell, and using your understanding of how

this produces electricity work out ways to increase the energy output and so, efficiency. Your fellow scientists

at the ASMS International Science Fair are looking forward to visiting you stand to see what you did and hear

your solutions.

Subject focus: Chemistry, Physics, Nanotechnology



Title: Designing an Energy Efficient Community Water Sanitation Facility (CWSP)

Lead teachers: Amanda Watkin and Bronte Nicholls Location: LC2

You work for an aid agency helping to provide clean water access across Africa. Your office is concentrating on

rural Tanzania. In Tanzania, there are many lakes and water sources but the water is not always clean, and the

rural villages are not on the electricity grid. Your agency funded an expensive water pump in one village,

connected to a diesel generator, but now in many of the outlying villages, many women and children must spend

their whole day collecting water. A large solar energy company has agreed to provide two 80W monocrystalline

panels for each village, and you will use money you have raised to pay for a method to purify the water.

Your task is to decide what system of water purification you will use the aid agency money to buy and send to

the villages with the solar panels. You will need to come up with ideas and test them out using the solar panels

the company has sent to decide which method produces the maximum amount of clean water for a reasonable

cost.

Subject focus: Physics, Electronics

Title: Our Travelling Food – Exploring the Energy Cost of Food (OTFD)

Lead Teachers: Jayne Heath, Anne Mignone Location: LC5

Many organisations have a commitment to environmental sustainability. The Flinders University organising

committee for the UN ‘Sustainable Energy For All’ Awareness Day is calling for tenders for people to cater the

lunch for their event. The catering provision must be as energy efficient and carbon neutral as possible.

Your challenge is to prepare a tender that outlines the cost and the source of the food and promotes the

sourcing of local produce to reduce food miles.

Prepare a tender for the Flinders University organising committee that supports their goal of raising awareness

about the energy involved in the transport of food.

Subject focus: Environmental Science, Economics

Title: Designing an Energy Efficient Outdoor Classroom (EEOC)

Lead Teachers: Kay Gillett, Kerry-ann Grace and Grieve Gillett Architects Location: LC6

The task is to design, using energy efficient building materials and principles, a multipurpose outdoor classroom.

Project teams will need to collect information from stakeholders regarding possible future use, research the most

cutting edge design and materials to use, consult with the experts to refine concept plans and present plans for

a final design.

Subject focus: Architecture, Environmental Science

Title: Desalination—Is It Worth It? (DESN)

Lead teachers: Marcus Roberts, Tatiana Anesbury Location: Studio 2

A large scale reverse osmosis desalination plant has recently been established in Adelaide. This activity will

investigate whether such an approach to desalination is worthwhile in terms of physical, environmental and

human costs. The activity will involve a site visit to the desalination plant, laboratory tests to investigate the

reverse osmosis process and critical analysis of research information.

Subject focus: Physics, Environmental Science


Student Seminar Presentations

Location LC4 Tuesday 26 June 2012, 1.30pm

An Investigation on How Salinity Affects the Growth of Diatoms Presenter: Adam Hamilton and Amy Love

Australian Science and Mathematics School , Adelaide, Australia

South Australia, as the driest state in the driest continent, has experienced severe water shortages during periods

of drought. As drought conditions worsened during 2006-7 and reduced water inflows into the River Murray, it led to

the introduction of progressively harsher water restrictions. To ensure a reliable water supply for the metropolitan

population of Adelaide, the South Australian government commissioned a desalination plant to be built (at Port

Stanvac). On completion, this desalination plant is estimated to output 270 mega litres per day of brine (highly

concentrated salt water), but it will be able to supply Adelaide with 50 % of its water supply.

One issue with this desalination plant is its location. The Port Stanvac desalination plant is located in the Gulf St

Vincent which has a lack of tidal movement for up to 2-3 days during dodge tides and these occur twice a month. It

reduces mixing of the water column which obviously has raised concerns for the brine discharge of the desalination

plant on benthic flora and fauna. The experiments that we are currently conducting at Flinders University are to test

whether diatoms, a type of phytoplankton, can survive in a highly saline environment.

Two types of diatoms, entomoneis and cylindrotheca were selected and tests were conducted to determine the most

appropriate environmental conditions for these diatoms to survive. Diatoms were tested in a bubbled environment (air

was constantly pumped through the solution), a moving environment and a still environment. A growth count after one

week revealed that the preferred environment for both entomoneis and cylindrotheca was bubbled. After this

experiment was completed there was a further study into if the growth of diatoms is affected when the level of salinity

in increased. Four types of diatoms were used including entomoneis, cylindrotheca, DPD and Sk 2. The species were

added to solutions with different PSU (practical salinity units) levels including 8.5, 12.5, 36 (sea water), 40, 50, 65.

After a week the growth of the diatoms was observed to see if the salinity in the water affects the growth. The results

of this study could be used to inform the management of brine discharge into the Gulf of St Vincent.

Molten Rock and Paleomagnetism Presenter: Megan Hamilton

Erindale College, Canberra, Australia

The project will aim to determine how reheating of rocks affects their palaeomagnetism. The experiment will heat wax

and then add metal shavings to the wax and draw them along with a magnet towards the magnetic north pole. Then

cool it so the magnetic layer is set. It will consist of a couple of tests one with the poles in the normal position and one

with the poles switched. After we have done this the wax will be reheated and hopefully the magnetic minerals layer

will be reset clearing the evidence of the poles switching.

Why Does Glue Stick Presenter: Guillaume Privat, Ludovic Hnaije, Wene Inea

Lycée des Iles W Haudra, Lifou, New Caledonia

We were wondering why does glue stick?

We researched to find out the mechanism of sticking. By studying natural glues at first and then industrial glues we

were able to discover the mechanisms of sticking at a molecular level.

To avoid pollution in the future it might be possible to create glue that respects the environment. We were able to

make two kinds of glue.




How Can Nanotechnology Lead to a Sustainable Future? Presenter: Joanna Hewes and Jennifer Ta

John Monash Science School, Victoria, Australia

Everybody has heard of climate change, but not everybody has heard of nanotechnology. However, it is becoming

more and more clear that this new and exciting area of science has the potential to drastically improve the plight of our

planet. Our project investigates several examples of nanotechnologies that could help in sustainable energy

production.

The first is solar paint that can be applied to the surface of things, and produce electricity just like the traditional silicon

solar panels. Solar windows are another type of solar energy production, and these involve a piece of transparent

conductive material that can be applied onto windows. Both of these solar technologies involving nanotechnology are

much more efficient and cheaper methods of energy production than traditional silicon models.

Another technology is a kind of nanomembrane that can catch carbon dioxide gas. This nanomembrane could be

installed into the flues of current energy production plants to capture the gas, and therefore reduce quantities of

atmospheric carbon. These are just a couple examples of nanotechnology in the area of sustainable energy, and

these alone could vastly improve the sustainability of our world.

Re-use of Heat Presenters: Wensheng Chen, Yingqiao Wang and Boteng Li

Middle School Attached to Shandong University, China

As we know, when we use air-conditioner, refrigerator or a cooker,a large amount of heat was sprayed into air and

wasn’t able to be used. We'd like to make a kind of thing to collect it and re-use it.

It can collect waste heat and use the heat to heat water. Heated water can be used to provide heat for some other

equipments.We can also drink it or take a shower with it.

To Investigate the Effect of Combined Alkaline Peroxide and Dilute Acid Pre-treatment on

Enzymatic Saccharification of Lignocellulosic Biomass Presenters: Jia Hong Koh, Qian Asarelah Yang

NUS High School of Math & Science, Singapore

In response to economic, security, and environmental concerns, the production and use of ethanol as an alternative to

fossil fuel have increasing worldwide Because ethanol can be easily applied to internal combustion engine vehicles

and produce relatively clean combustion, it is widely used as an alternative fuel to reduce automotive emissions that

pollute the environment. Ethanol has been traditionally produced by fermenting sugars from grains and sugarcane

with yeasts.

However, ethanol production using grains and sugarcane has faced a conflict of a food shortage. Fortunately, sugars

are abundant in nature in the form of lignocelluloses, the most abundant material in wood. Lignocellulosic biomass

consists of cellulose (40%), hemicelluloses (30%), and lignin (20%). In obtaining bioethanol, lignocellulosic biomass

undergoes a three-step process - pre-treatment, enzymatic saccharification and fermentation. The pre-treatment step

involves breaking down the complex structure of biomass and sufficiently hydrolysing the cell wall such that enzymes

can access sugars in the subsequent steps. Large scale chemical pre-treatment processes today primarily employ

dilute acid, but the yield remains low and commercially unsustainable.

This project aims to increase the yield of glucose from lignocellulosic biomass by employing a combination of dilute

acid and hydrogen peroxide pre-treatment methods. Waste paper, newspapers and sawdust are the lignocellulosic

biomasses pre-treated since they are abundant as waste. This will prevent the conflict of a food shortage and may

become a possible source of renewable green energy for the future. DNS analysis was used to monitor the glucose

levels and enzyme saccharification was performed using β-glucosidase and cellulase to assess the feasibility of

combined pre-treatment.




Production of Ethanol From Starchy Wastes Presenters: Guo An Jonathan Koo, Li Yang Loo, Jing Ye Seow

Hwa Chong Institution, Singapore

Ethanol is an environmentally friendly source of fuel compared to the burning of fossil fuels. Industrial production of

ethanol may not be cost-effective on a large scale if sugars are being used as the substrate. This study aims to

investigate the feasibility of using the rice wine yeast, Saccharomycopsis fibuligera, for ethanol production. S.

fibuligera secretes extracellular amylases that can hydrolyse starch to sugars, and carry out ethanol fermentation

thereafter. Thus, it is more economically feasible to use S. fibuligera, as the addition of amylases is not necessary. In

this study, starchy wastewaters, namely barley, noodle, potato and rice, were used as substrates for ethanol

fermentation by free and calcium alginate immobilised cells of S. fibuligera. Among the wastewaters tested, noodle

and rice wastewaters gave rise to a significant ethanol content of 0.291% and 0.255%, respectively, with immobilised

S. fibuligera cells, comparable to that from pure starch as substrate. This corresponded with the concentration of

starch and reducing sugars in both the wastewaters. The methods of pre-treatment of the wastewaters affected the

concentration of starch and thus ethanol content. The ethanol yield from noodle wastewater was higher with S.

fibuligera than that with S. cerevisiae. The results of this study have shown the possibility of using starchy industrial

wastewaters in the production of ethanol by S. fibuligera, thus recycling them and saving costs. This production of

ethanol is based on renewable source and its usage as a biofuel helps to alleviate the problem of diminishing fossil

fuels.



Efficacy of Chinese Herbal Medicine: Does Ganoderma Lucidum Inhibit Prostrate Cancer

Cells?

Presenter: Daisy Liu

Fort Richmond Collegiate, Winnipeg, Canada

Ganoderma lucidum, also known as Lingzhi in Chinese, has many purported health benefits that have helped it earn a

reputation as the “mushroom of immortality”. Among the health benefits attributed to this mushroom, G. lucidum is

reported to inhibit different stages of cancer development, including migration of cancer cells and metastasis, as well

as inducing apoptosis of tumour cells.

To test the bioactivity of G. lucidum spore powder, I extracted water-soluble compounds, which studies have shown to

primarily consist of β-glucans, via a hot extraction process, which were evaluated in endpoint assays on a human

prostate cancer cell line (PC-3).

In this study, I hypothesized that the extract from G. lucidum spores has an inhibitory affect on the prostate cancer

cells by (1) preventing proliferation and that (2) effects are likely experienced in the mitochondria, the powerhouse of

the cell.

Cell proliferation was measured using the colorimetric MTT assay. PC-3 cells grown in a 96-well plate were treated

with serial dilutions of the β-glucan extract. Intensity of the colour product was measured using the Opsys Plate

Reader at an absorbance wavelength of 560 nm. My results showed a significant trend in which G. lucidum inhibited

proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. Mitochondrial activity was also evaluated after treatment of PC-3 cells with

the same G. lucidum extract, followed by staining with the mitochondrial-selective dye JC-1. This assay measures

mitochondrial membrane potential, which is indicative of the mitochondrial ATP production that directly influences cell

proliferation. Cells were then visualized using a Leitz fluorescence microscope with appropriate filters. Images were

captured and analysed using average grey values. Results showed a trend where polysaccharides extracted from G.

lucidum may not affect mitochondrial potential in PC-3 cells but significance requires confirmation through an analysis

of variance and more replicated trials.




Inducing Cancer Stem Cell Differentiation with Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4 Abstract Presenter: Ben Wang


The purpose of this study is to induce differentiation of cancer stem cells from the liver to well differentiated

hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Cancer stem cells have shown a resistance to modern cancer treatment techniques.

Therefore, causing them to become well differentiated would rob them of this advantage and render them much more

susceptible to treatment.

We hypothesized that bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) would induce hepatocellular carcinoma cancer stem cell

differentiation into well differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma cells.

Methodology:

Firstly, we performed flow cytometry on our Huh7 cells in order to ascertain what percentage of them carried the

CD133 marker. The cells that carried this marker would have characteristics extremely similar to cancer stem cells.

Afterwards, we added a BMP4 5 mg/ml concentration to the cell solution and incubated them for 6 days. Placing them

under a microscope, we were able to ascertain how many of the Huh7 cells carrying the CD133 marker still remained.

Lastly, we performed reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and then gel electrophoresis in order to

ascertain that the majority of the resultant well differentiated cells were indeed hepatocytes, not cholangiocytes.

In conclusion, we drew that BMP4 does indeed cause Huh7 cells carrying the CD133 marker to become well

differentiated. However, BMP4 does not affect the proliferation of already well differentiated Huh7 cells.

Discussion:

This research can be applied to current cancer stem cell treatments. Doses of BMP4 could make the hepatocellular

carcinoma stem cells more susceptible to modern cancer treatment techniques.

Toward Artificial Endospores: Introducing Versatility and Functionality to Living Cells by

Biomimetic Formation of SiO2-TiO2 Nanocomposite Shells Presenters: Jimin Hwang, Seungwook Jin, Kyunam Lee, Yeonjung Yoon

Korea Science Academy of KAIST, Busan, Korea

Spores in nature have shells that protect cells and induce dormancy. Since 2009, there have been ventures of

artificial spore formation using materials such as SiO2 and TiO2. However, each material has disadvantages. The Si-

O bonds of SiO2 spores are too strong to introduce new functionalities, and TiO2 spores have low viability. Therefore,

we attempted to exploit both SiO2 and TiO2 in forming artificial spores to complement each part and enhance the

functionality and versatility of living cells. First, we formed artificial spores using the Layer-by-Layer (LbL) method.

The LbL method, a method of forming multilayers by alternately immersing the designated surface into positively and

negatively charged electrolytes, is advantageous because of its biocompatibility. Because previous LbL methods

were not applicable to nanocomposites involving multiple precursors, we designed effective procedures through

repeated pre-experiments on gold plates and Chlorella cells. According to the procedures, Chlorella cells were

encapsulated with SiO2-TiO2 nanocomposites. The next step was to verify that SiO2 and TiO2 aggregated on

individual cells, and that those cells were viable. After that, we further analyzed the characteristics of SiO2-TiO2

artificial spores.

The SiO2-TiO2 artificial spores displayed resilience to heat and stability without division. Functionality was introduced

to the shells by post-functionalization with catechol groups and magnetic functionalization with Fe3O4 nanoparticles.

These characteristics of SiO2-TiO2 artificial spores can be utilized in developing stable and controllable cell-based

biosensors. Furthermore, those benefits may be applied to store unicellular organisms in seed banks all over the

world and thus contribute to environmental conservation.




Synthesis of Methyl Gallate and Isobutyl Gallate Used for the Antioxidant of Rubber

Compounds Presenter: Jutamas Charoensuk

Mahidol Wittayanusorn School, Thailand

Antioxidants are substances that prevent the colouring of a rubber product when it oxidizes. In this research Methyl

gallate (MG) and Isobutyl gallate (IbG) were synthesized. The chemical reaction performed in the derivative gallic acid

synthesis is called “esterification reaction”. Their structures were elucidated on basis of UV, IR and NMR

spectroscopic data. MG and IbG were obtained 91.80% and 88.23% respectively. The MG and IbG used in this

research were mixed with the chemicals (Natural Rubber Latex (100 phr), ZnO (5.0 phr), Sulfur (3.0 phr), and

Antioxidant compound (0.5-2.0 phr)) and applied to the rubber compound. Eight formulas of rubber compounds were

obtained. Rubber compounds were evaluated for their antioxidation reaction and tested for tensile strength and %

Elongation when at a breaking point. The test of rubber compounds were based on ASTM D412-98.

The Wind, the Future Energy Presenter: Shaozhuang Hou, Jiangshan Li and Xiaochen Li


Breeze, seemingly insignificant, in fact, use efficiency. For example, when we walk, run and drive, there will be airflow

around through. The wind can be used to generate electricity. Electrical energy can not only be stored, but also be

converted into other forms of energy.

In daily life, We contact with the wind every day. The seemingly useless wind, in fact, contain enormous energy.

The Study of Factors and the Sum of Bisected Repetends Presenter: Wataru Kawamoto

Ritsumeikan Senior High School, Kyoto, Japan

Changing 1/7 from a fraction to a decimal number in base 10, 1/7 = 0.1428571428…, which is a repeating decimal.

Then, I looked at 142857 which is the repetend. I divided it into 2 numbers, 142 and 857, and added them together,

142 + 857 = 999, which is a row of 9s. I was interested in this property, and I researched when numbers have this

property, which I call the sum of bisected repetends.

At first, I calculated 1/2 ~ 1/100 in base 3 to research about sums of bisected repetend in bases other than 10. Then,

for some numbers, it resulted in a row of 2s like in the case of base 10. I continued this research more, and found I

could divide the decimals which had this property into 5 categories based on their denominators.

Next, I tried categorizing the decimals whose sums of bisected repetends create a row of single numbers in base 4, 6,

7, 9, and 10. Then, I found these categories of decimals could be divided into 2 patterns based on the factors of the

base.

Also I found other curious facts such as the existence of numbers whose sums of repetends divided into m parts is a

row of a single number, which I developed from this research.




Shining the Light on the Competition Presenters: Sam Jolley, Rhiannon Leetham


Comparing the cost, wattage, light emission, energy efficiency and life span of LED’s Halogens and fluorescents of

several different companies/manufacturers to determine the best light source in each category.

Red, Tartrazine Yellow and Brilliant Blue on Mitotic Index in the Root Tips of Allium Cepa L Presenters: David Liu


Often, many chemicals are used as additives to enhance the appearance and edibility of food by manipulating its

flavour, taste or colour. However, it is essential to understand the potential harmful effects that they may have on the

consumer. In the present study, we have tested the cytotoxic effects of three commonly used food colours, namely

allura red, tartrazine yellow and brilliant blue, by studying their effect on the mitotic index in the root tips of Allium

cepa L.

Through this study, we have found a significant decrease in mitotic index in the roots treated with 5-10% (w/v) of the

dyes. We have also observed that the cytotoxic effect of tartrazine yellow dye was significantly higher than allura red

and brilliant blue.

These results indicate that higher concentrations of the dyes may have deleterious effects on cell proliferation by

lowering the cell division rate.

Fusion-Fission Hybrid Reactors Presenter: Hans Kek and Aditya Prabhakara


The solution to the world’s nuclear waste disposal problems is the use and production of fusion-fission hybrid reactors

that uses a combination of both nuclear fusion and fission processes to generate power. They are relatively cheap

and it only takes one of these reactors to dispose of the waste produced by 10-15 LWRs (Used to produce nuclear

power).

The best part about these amazing machines is that they also produce a considerable amount of carbon-free energy

while they dispose up to 99% of the dangerous nuclear waste! This means that we can continue using nuclear energy

without worrying about the dangerous waste.

Uranium supplies aren’t going to run out anytime soon. It is approximately as common as tin or zinc, and it is a

constituent of most rocks and even of the sea.

Uranium supplies now could last us hundreds of years with the use of fast reactors. This doesn’t even take into

account all the uranium that the oceans have to offer which could extend this figure to a staggering 60 000 years!

What’s even better is that this figure could be extended by a substantial amount if you were to consider recycling

nuclear weaponry and using Fusion-fission hybrid reactors.

Windows of the Future Presenters: Madeline Long and Elaine Van


Carbon nanotubes are currently in the limelight of the scientific field due to their high conductivity and large electrode

surface area. Research has shown that they can work efficiently and effectively on transparent photovoltaic devices.

The carbon nanotube is a 100,000 times smaller than a human hair and 1000 times more conductive than copper. It

can be combined with the thin polymer film, creating a solar cell that is then attached to the glass of window panes by

an easy spray-on. The material can change between an opaque to transparent state and any in between. This

allows the glass to let light and heat penetrate into the room or with just a two millivolt pulse, be switched to the job of

absorbing the solar energy. The absorbed energy would be stored in the newly designed battery unit EBox, until it is

needed. This application of windows shows promise of harnessing the sun’s energy and could one day lead to a

future without an energy grid.




The Study of Kinetics and Thermodynamic of Banana Peel for Adsorption in Methylene Blue Presenter: Phoowan Ahrayawaeroj

Mahidol Wittayanusorn School, Thailand

The removal of Methylene blue dye using a low-cost adsorbent from cultivated banana peel was investigated. The

optimum conditions for dye adsorption were 0.050 grams of adsorbent, pH 6, contact time 60 minutes which showed

the highest percentage of adsorption is 100. In this study, it is also found that the adsorption of dye using cultivated

banana peel corresponded with the Freundlich isotherm. In kinetics study, the pseudo-second order showed the best

represent the experimental data. The change in entropy and enthalpy for Methylene blue adsorption were 19.91 J/

mol.K and 1311.28 J/mol, respectively.

Physical and Chemical Properties of Tin Oxide Nanoparticles Presenter: Choon Hwee Justin Ng, Yann Tsyr Andreea Lee, Yen Ling Ang


Lithium ion batteries (LIB), having become an integral portable electrical source today, are commonly used in

consumer products and considerable research effort have been invested in enhancing LIB performance.

Commercially, anodes in LIB are primarily made from graphite, which unfortunately has low theoretical capacity (372

mAh/g). We conducted research in replacing graphite with tin (IV) oxide as the anode, aiming to further the potential

of LIB as a better electrical source in the future. Nano-sized tin (IV) oxide (SnO2) was prepared via molten-salt

technique, heating a mixture of tin tetrachloride (SnCl4), lithium nitrate (LiNO3) and lithium chloride (LiCl) at 280ºC in

air. The nano-powder was characterized by Rietveld refined X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy

(SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques and BET surface area method. The XRD

studies showed a structure similar to tetragonal structure with lattice parameter value of a ~4.74 Å and c ~3.18 Å. The

cyclic voltammetry studies showed characteristic peak potentials of reduction of Sn4+ to Sn metal in the first cathodic

scan, and alloying-de-alloying reactions of Sn at 0.25 and 0.5 V vs. Li for successive cathodic and anodic scan.

Galvanostatic static cycling studies showed reversible capacities of 660, 900, 1000 mAh g-1 in the voltage range,

0.005-1.0V, 0.005-1.5 V and -2.5V, respectively at a current rate of 100 mA/g. In our project we have shown that

MSM prepared SnO2 nano-particles show better capacity retention compared to SnO2 prepared by other methods

reported in literature.

How Did The Rocks Split? Presenter: Naoya Hiramatsu


Have you ever seen rocks that looked like they were cut out with an axe?

There are many volcanoes in Japan and there is also one in my home area of Kyoto. It is called Mount Takura. It has

erupted three times in the last three hundred thousand years. Its lava flow formed the Yakuno Highlands, a beautiful

area in our prefecture. In the Highlands we can see phenomena peculiar to areas around scoria cone volcanoes.

The most striking features are the “Columnar Joint” formations, consisting of rocks that appear to have been split into

very regular hexagonal cylinders known as “prisms”. These were formed when hot lava met cool air. These

hexagonal or “honeycomb” shapes are famously stable and this is supposed to be why the basalt blocks took this

shape. These formations can be seen at several other places in Japan as well as at Devil’s Tower National Park in

the U.S.A.

We have investigated the highlands twice and observed and collected data relating to the length and orientation of

the prism edges. We found not only hexa-, but also penta- and heptagonal prisms. After analysing this data we

precisely mapped the formations. Based on this data we asked the question, “Are they really honeycomb structures?”

Finally, we also found several very interesting effects on the surface of the rocks.

I hope to interest you in these phenomena at the fair.


Poster Presentations

Location LC 1/2 & Void Wednesday 27 June 2012, 2.00pm

Molten Rock and Paleomagnetism

Presenter: Megan Hamilton


Shining the Light on the Competition

Presenters: Sam Jolley, Rhiannon Leetham


Efficacy of Chinese Herbal Medicine: Does Ganoderma Lucidum Inhibit Prostrate Cancer Cells?

Presenter: Daisy Liu


Inducing Cancer Stem Cell Differentiation with Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4 Abstract

Presenter: Ben Wang


Red, Tartrazine Yellow and Brilliant Blue on Mitotic Index in the Root Tips of Allium Cepa L Presenters: David Liu


Production of Ethanol From Starchy Wastes

Presenters: Guo An Jonathan Koo, Li Yang Loo, Jing Ye Seow

Hwa Chong Institution, Singapore

Fusion-Fission Hybrid Reactors

Presenter: Hans Kek and Aditya Prabhakara


How Can Nanotechnology Lead to a Sustainable Future?

Presenter: Joanna Hewes and Jennifer Ta


Windows of the Future

Presenters: Madeline Long and Elaine Van


Toward Artificial Endospores: Introducing Versatility and Functionality to Living Cells by

Biomimetic Formation of SiO2-TiO2 Nanocomposite Shells

Presenters: Jimin Hwang, Seungwook Jin, Kyunam Lee, Yeonjung Yoon

Korea Science Academy of KAIST, Busan, Korea

Why Does Glue Stick

Presenter: Guillaume Privat, Ludovic Hnaije, Wene Inea

Lycée des Iles W Haudra, Lifou,, New Caledonia

The Effective Medical Transdermal Patch from Pectin

Presenter: Krittawit Sukcharoen, Papon Xanthavanij and Pitchaya Piyajomkwan

Mahidol Wittayanusorn School,Thailand

Re-use of Heat

Presenters: Wensheng Chen, Yingqiao Wang and Boteng Li


The Wind, the Future Energy

Presenter: Shaozhuang Hou, Jiangshan Li and Xiaochen Li


Physical and Chemical Properties of Tin Oxide Nanoparticles

Presenter: Choon Hwee Justin Ng, Yann Tsyr Andreea Lee, Yen Ling Ang



Poster Presentations

Location LC 1/2 & Void Wednesday 27 June 2012, 2.00pm

To Investigate the Effect of Combined Alkaline Peroxide and Dilute Acid Pre-treatment on

Enzymatic Saccharification of Lignocellulosic Biomass

Presenters: Jia Hong Koh, Qian Asarelah Yang


The Study of Factors and the Sum of Bisected Repetends

Presenter: Wataru Kawamoto


How Did The Rocks Split? Presenter: Naoya Hiramatsu


An Investigation on How Salinity Affects the Growth of Diatoms Presenter: Adam Hamilton and Amy Love

Australian Science and Mathematics School, Adelaide, Australia

Siligraph Super Chip

Presenter: Alex Ashenden, David Ro, Ryan Mounce

Australian Science and Mathematics School, Adelaide, australia

Nano-tyres

Presenters: Jayden Mitchell, Manan Rafiq, Tom Glazbrook


Solar Cellular

Presenters: David McAfee, Inderbir Singh, Jessica Charter


Electronic Sea Monkeys

Presenters: Nick Thompson, Andrew Robertson, John Pollard


Space Elevator

Presenter: Morgan Reilly, Georgia Stock, Madison Conway


Quan & Co

Presenters: Nicholas Hunt, Karly Pickering, Sara Krneta, Angela Oemcke


Solar Film

Presenters: Paris Johnson, Cathy Doan, Adam Hamilton


3D Self Assembly Devise

Presenters: Joel Tuckwell, Keith Man, Daniel Coupe


Nan Needle-Less Injection

Presenters: Arsh Kaur, Sakthi Lenin, Jade Hinton


Magnetic Water Purifier

Presenters: Sanja Krneta, Emily Prout, Farhan Adnan


Carbon Nanotubes Cell Phone Charger

Presenters: David Fan, Jaewook Lee, Andy Weng



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Cleland Wildlife Park

Located within the Conservation Park this is a must-see attraction and photo opportunity for visitors

from all over the world. Here you come face-to-face and hands-on with

Australia's unique wildlife and can join animal attendants on the animal

feed runs from 10:00 am to 3:00 pm daily or discover the world of

nocturnal animals on a guided nightwalk.

Hold a koala, roam the grassland enclosures with some of the largest

kangaroos in Australia or watch a Bilby emerge from its burrow. Sounds like

a day at Cleland Wildlife Park!

Just twenty minutes from the

Adelaide city centre, you can

explore some of South Australia's

diverse landscapes and meet

some of their inhabitants. Visitors

can feed and wander at their

leisure among kangaroos,

wallabies, emus and waterfowl. Displays of dingoes, reptiles,

Tasmanian devils and koalas allow easy viewing access, or

stroll through the aviaries and marvel at the diversity of South Australian wildlife.

The Yurridla Trail offers a chance to hear Aboriginal guides bring to life their Dreaming stories and

explain the inseparable relationship between Aboriginal culture and Australian wildlife. The Kaurna

Aboriginal people of the Adelaide Plains know the area as Yurridla. Their Dreaming stories tell of

Yurrebilla, the creator ancestor of the Kaurna people. His fallen body forms the Mt Lofty Ranges, with

his ears being the twin peaks of Mt Lofty and Mt Bonython. Today, the spirit of Yurrebilla looks down

from the hills and protects all forms of life along the plains.

The park has been a major tourist

attraction in South Australia since

1967. Nestled within the natural

bush setting of Cleland

Conservation Park and adjacent

to Mount Lofty Summit, the park

provides 35 ha of open bushland

habitat where visitors can interact

with Australian wildlife.

http://www.parks.sa.gov.au/parks/sanpr/cleland_cp/index.htm

http://www.parks.sa.gov.au/parks/sanpr/cleland_cp/index.htm

http://www.parks.sa.gov.au/parks/sanpr/mount_lofty/index.htm


Facts on South Australia

Area: 984,377 square kilometres

Capital: Adelaide (population 1,210,000 (June 2011)

Coastline: 4800 kilometres (with 100 islands)

Statewide population: 1,660,000 (June 2011)

Language: English

Adelaide's sister cities: Christchurch, New Zealand; Georgetown, Penang; Austin, Texas;

Himeji, Japan

State Emblems

Marine: Leafy sea dragon

Faunal: Hairy-nosed or plains wombat

Floral: Sturt's Desert Pea

Gemstone: Opal

Climate & Clothing

Average Daily temperatures in Celsius: Winter temperatures in Adelaide are

maximum 15.9, Minimum 8. (June – August), Summer temperatures in Adelaide: Max 28.3 Min 16.5 (but it can soar

past 35º.) (Dec – Feb), Autumn temperatures in Adelaide: Max 22.4 Min 12.5 (March – May), Spring temperatures in

Adelaide: Max 21.7 Min 11.6 (Sept – November).

Coastal South Australia has a Mediterranean climate, with mild winters and warm dry summers. Most rain falls in

June, July and August. Very hot days and cool nights can occur in summer. In the north, temperatures can get really

hot, particularly in the summer months (that's why you'll find some people living underground in places like Coober

Pedy). Summer temperatures regularly reach 40º Celsius.

Emergency Telephone Numbers

For emergency fire, police and ambulance assistance throughout Australia or if a crime is in progress call 000. From

mobile phones it's 112. For non-emergency police attendance call 131 444.

Electricity

Australia's electricity voltage is 240 volts AC. Some large hotels have power outlets at 110 volts AC, but if you're

bringing 110-volt appliances into South Australia, it's advisable to bring a small 110-volt transformer and a plug

conversion kit.

Marion Westfield Shopping Centre

Westfield Marion is the largest shopping centre in South Australia, located around 20 minutes drive south of the

Adelaide CBD. It is linked to the city by the Anzac Highway and Morphett Road.

Westfield Marion has more than 300 specialty shops and major retailers including Big W, Dan Murphy, David Jones,

Kmart, Lincraft, Myer, Rebel Sport, Target and Swarovski.

A major feature of the centre is the entertainment precinct featuring a 27-screen Greater Union cinema complex

seating around 5,500 patrons, as well as alfresco and themed family restaurants.

Adelaide City Centre

You might want to immerse yourself in the culture of Adelaide's North Terrace, with its

museums and city cafes. Or maybe retail therapy while shopping at Rundle Mall, sample

the tastes on offer at the famed Adelaide Central Market, or sip award-winning wines at the

National Wine Centre. Rundle Mall is the shopping heart of Adelaide. It was created in 1976

as Australia's first pedestrian mall. You'll find more than 600 retail stores, three major

department stores and 15 arcades there. There are also outdoor cafes and bars to relax in.

The mall is renowned as a venue for performances, promotions and events, from fashion

parades, to buskers and street performers. The Rundle Mall Discovery Trail allows you to

experience the pedestrian strip's many quirks and features, from sculpture and art to the

history of its buildings. Highlights include the mall's 19th century buildings such as Beehive

Corner. You can also learn about the ghosts of beautiful Adelaide Arcade.

http://www.southaustralia.com/satcredirect.aspx?productid=90067





Flinders University is a leading international university in Australia distinguished by its boldness, vigour and

imagination. Flinders has a record of excellence and innovation in teaching, research and community engagement.

At Flinders, we inspire our graduates to be knowledgeable, to communicate effectively, and to develop skills to

connect across boundaries and tackle major challenges. We have a strong reputation in the areas of business,

international finance, commerce, information technology, biotechnology, health sciences and the environment.

Research has always been a core activity at the University, and Flinders enjoys national and international reputations

in research excellence across each of its four faculties.

Known for our friendly approach to learning and beautiful surroundings, Flinders is the only university that gives you

the choice to live on campus in the Adelaide metropolitan area. Our modern campus provides state-of-the-art facilities

and services, while being just a short distance from Adelaide’s Central Business District and metropolitan beaches.

Study areas

Flinders offers a wide range of

undergraduate and

postgraduate courses in the

following areas:

Arts and languages

Business and finance

Computing and information

technology

Culture, heritage, tourism and

theology

Education

Engineering

Environment

Government and policy

International affairs

Health and medicine

Law and justice

People and Behaviour

Science.

Quick facts

Flinders University was

established in 1966.

In 2009, there were over 17,000

students enrolled, with over 3,000

International students.

Flinders has a very strong

record of achievement in the

national Australian Teaching and

Learning Awards.

Since 2004, Flinders academics

have twice won the Prime

Minister’s Australian University

Teacher of the Year Award.

In 2010, Flinders was nominated

one of the top thirteen

universities in Australia by the

Shanghai Jiao Tong University in

China, placing it among the top

400 universities in the world.

Contact details

Students living overseas contact

the Flinders International Office:

P: +61 8 8201 2727

E: [email protected]

P: 1300 657 671

E: [email protected]

www.flinders.edu.au

CRICOS No. 00114A

Flinders University


Australian Science and Mathematics School — Contributors

Opening Ceremony Student Hosts

- Angela Oemcke and Jason Byrne

ASMS Performers

- Rebecca Smith & Emily Taylor

Regine Juanta, Serena Razon, Mary-Jo Sioson, Brandon Nicdao, Ahilan Anandasivam,

Jessica Charter, Noni Pandey, Joel Ang

Student Ambassadors

- Angela Oemcke, Jason Byrne, Madison Wheeler, Yunsik Kim, Sara Krneta, Sanja Krneta,

Rohan Suresh Kumar, Adam Hamilton, Paris Johnson, Charlotte Jenkins, Shanna Kaluwin,

Amy Love, Farhan Adnan,

Support Staff

- Julie Cassidy, Mary-Anne Eddy, Shane Gregory, Nick Hayden, Deb Inglis, Rachel Koek,

Craig Osmond, Julie Perkins, Debbie Smith, Rocco Tripodi

Acknowledgements

We acknowledge the presentations provided by the following groups for the International Science Fair 2012

Poster Display on Wednesday 27 June 2012 and assistance with PBL Challenges.

Flinders University Faculty of Science & Engineering

Engineers Without Borders—South Australia

TAFE SA—Solar Car

Sustainable Energy Association of South Australia

Grieve Gillett Architects

contact information

Postal address:


Flinders University

Sturt Road

BEDFORD PARK SA 5042

Telephone:

+61 8 8201 5686

Facsimile:

+61 8 8201 5685

Email:

[email protected]

Website:

http://www.asms.sa.edu.au

South Australian Department for Education and Child Development trading as South Australian Government Schools, CRICOS Provider Number 00018A

mailto:[email protected]

http://www.asms.sa.edu.au/

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