Sustainable Development GoalsRelevance to City Planning, Budgeting & Programme

Management in Asian Cities

Interactive Session at5th Future of Cities Forum, Beijing

September 14, 2015

Vinay D. Lall Society for Development Studies

Society for Development Studies

Society for Development Studies 2

Key Issues in the Session

►New Dimensions of the SDGs which impact City Planning, Budgeting & Program Management

►Key Challenges Asian Cities Need to Address in the context of the SDGs

►Asian Cities SDG Roadmap

►CITYNET as a Facilitator for Asian SDGs

Society for Development Studies 3

New Dimensions of SDGsAll SDGs will impact City Planning, Budgeting & Program

Management . Few illustrative activities to consider:1. Extend scope from only output deliverables to outcome deliverables as

sustainability of any initiative best captured by impact on lives of people & growth of city–productivity, longevity, investment flows, inclusiveness

2. Creating inclusive cities and human settlements requires equal access to basic services & development support across all sub-segments in city –political /administrative wards/regions, gender, income groups, social & religious groups,…

3. Measurement of progress at several levels of disaggregation -- i. Sex & Gender ii. Age iii. Income deciles iv. Disability v. Religion vi. Race, Ethnicity, Familial Descent or Indigenous Status vii. Economic Activity viii. Migrant status ix. Spatial Disaggregation (metro areas, urban & rural, or districts)

4. Performance results to be used not only for comparative ranking (as in MDGs) but transferred to practice to improve performance

Society for Development Studies 4

Challenges for City Governance1. Outcomes requires integrated city planning, budgeting & program management

as multiple actors/departments must provide inputs/services in proper sequence

2. Outcomes require breaking away from present ‘silos’ oriented operations at city level to build partnership between departments within government (DDP)

3. Assessment of inclusive cities & settlements requires considerable sub-city data & information, which are not normally generated/maintained

4. Governments normally do not transfer performance results to city planning & budgetary process. Performance results transfer to practice essential

5. Monitoring & Evaluation information limited to spending budget amount & attain few output deliverables, overlooking causative factors of assessed attainment even in terms of outputs. Outcome-oriented M&E required

6. New capacity required in City governments to induct outcome orientation, build & analyze sub-city data base & transfer results to improve performance towards outcomes

Society for Development Studies 5

Impact on Asian City Governance All SDGs will impact City Planning, Budgeting & Program

Management . Few illustrative activities to consider:City Planning1. Link city planning backward to M&E feedback &

forward to budgetary process to address the challenges –develop an integrated planning, budgeting & management process

2. Consider activities to address causative factors of inadequate attainments in the past

3. Induct strategies to built/strengthen DDP 4. Take into account challenges at the sub-city level & for

identified disaggregated groups of citizens & economic activities

5. Prepare City and sub-city plans

Society for Development Studies 6

Impact on Asian City Governance City Budgetary Process Provide new budget lines to address: ** roadblocks to attain outputs & then outcomes ** assessed past fire fighting activities ** build/strengthen DDP ** common intra-department challenges, develop inter- related activities & build effective DDP ** undertake activities to enhance prospects of outcomes through ►enhancing productivity, efficiency & effectiveness

Make provision for easy transfer of unused funds within departments

Society for Development Studies 7

Impact on Asian City Governance Program Management 1. Install an outcome-oriented M&E system2. Assess on regular basis causative factors of inadequate

attainments 3. Assess level of DDP & activities required to strengthen it 4. Develop reliable & regular data base at sub-city level for SDG

indicators5. Involve local community in generating data base

Society for Development Studies 8

Issues for SDG Roadmap for Asian CitiesIdentify SDGs and Indicators1. Work being done at City level: SDG No 1,2,3,4,5, 11 -- City focus

Goals 2. Not enough work being done by City govt: SDG No 6,7,8,9 as

National Govt the key player 3. Not City govt responsibility: SDG No 10,12,13, 14,15, 174. Responsibility of National Governments: SDG No 10,12,13, 14,15,

17 5. Main Responsibility of International Agencies: SDG No 10, 17 6. Limit SD Goals to six by merger of 17

Healthy & Productive Human Resources (SDG 1,2,3); Inclusive Human Settlements & Cities (SDG 4,5); Sustainable Development (SDG 6,7,8); Resilient Human settlements & Cities (SDG 9,11); Towards Safe Environment (SDG 13, 14, 15); Global Partnerships (SDG 10, 12, 16, 17)

Society for Development Studies 9

Asian SDG RoadmapBased on interactive consultations among officials of some Asian countries

following issues have emerged to induct outcome orientation in their programs to address the SDGs:

1.Focus on reduced number of SDGs & Indicators to be manageable by merging some (Six SDGs) due to limited data base & expertise

2. Sustainable development measurement to be in terms of outcomes but little evidence of outcomes in proposed SDG indicators & need to induct this orientation in the SDGs & Indicators

3. Many indicators cannot be developed at City level & only National Govt &/or International agencies can develop them

4. Few disaggregated & sub-city indicators to develop in initial period as data hardly generated

5. Assessment of outcomes requires time series data though annual data can measure progress towards the outcomes

6. Capacity building to develop proposed indicators on regular basis, analyze results & transfer them to improve performance over time

Society for Development Studies 10

Proposal --Towards an Asian SDG Agenda1.CITYNET can facilitate City level Interactive sessions across Asian cities & sharing experiences of other cities on SDGs

2.CITYNET SDG session in Bangladesh completed January 20153. SDG session scheduled in SDS Sept. 24, 2015 for cities from Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Fiji, India, Maldives, Philippines

4.CITYNET SDG session for Cities in Indonesia likely in October, 2015 at CITYNET conference & in the Philippines thereafter

5. CITYNET can facilitate similar country sessions across Asian countries and/or invite Cities to CITYNET country programs

6. CITYNET city-to-city cooperation possible with Seoul, Busan, Incheon, Yokohama, Mumbai, Jakarta, Bangkok, Manila, among others

7. CITYNET will bring out an Asian perspective, with collaborating partners 8. CITYNET, along with Cities Development Initiative in Asia (CDIA) is organizing a city-to-city cooperation workshop in Guiyang, China on September 22-23, 2015