Creating Value by Going GreenFlorida Chapter ASLA 2009

Dennis L. Church, ASLA /AICPCommunity Development Advisors LLC

Presentation Outline•

Green B

uilding and Buyer

Trends

•D

evelopment Scale G

reen A

pproaches

•Low

Impact D

evelopment

•C

onstruction Systems

Green Facts:•

New home construction

consumes 2/5 of all the lum

ber & plywood used in the U.S. each year

•A typical 2000 s.f. wood fram

e hom

e uses 16,000 b.f. of lum

ber plus 6,000 s.f. of plywood

•A typical 2,000 s.f. wood fram

e hom

e produces 4 tons of waste

•Hom

es have grown in size while fam

ily household has decreased…

bigger is not always better…

“Southface Energy Institute: Guidelines for the Southeast”

What is Green Building? G

reen Building is a

process that creates buildings w

hich m

inimize the use of

resources, reduce harm

ful environm

ental effects and provides a healthier environm

ent.

What is Sustainable Development?

“Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.”

Logos to Recognize

Green Standards Were Created To:•

Establish a Comm

on Standard of M

easurement

•Prom

ote Integrated, Whole

Building Design Practices•

Recognize Environmental

Leadership in the Building Industry

•Stim

ulate Green Com

petition•

Raise Consumer Awareness

•Transform

the Building Market

Advantages of Green Homes•

Designed & Built Better

•M

inimum

or No Construction Cost Increase

•Less Risky

•Less W

aste

•Lower O

perating Costs by up to 30%

to 100%

•Cut W

ater Consumption by up

to 50%

•Tax Incentives & Rebates

•Increased Health & Com

fort

Green Building Is:

Efficient–

Energy–

Design–

Materials

Healthy–

Products–

Off-gassing

–Air Q

ualityD

urable–

Low Maintenance

–M

oisture Resistant Materials

–Disaster Resistant

•Site

•W

ater•

Energy •

Materials

•Resources

•Durability

•Indoor Air Q

uality•

Landscaping & Drainage

Green Building Components Include:

Why Go Green?•

Some Com

munities Require

Green

•Local, State & Federal Requirem

ents / Incentives

•M

ortgage Programs

•G

rowing Public Demand

•M

arketing Advantage

•63%

Motivated by Lower

Operating Costs

•85%

More Satisfied with New

Green Hom

e than with Previous

•It’s the Right Thing To Do

What Buyers Are Saying

Source: RCLCO Spring 2007

•Save Energy,Include Environmental Features

What Buyers Are Saying

Source: RCLCO Spring 2007

•With Payback 75% are Motivated by Energy Savings

What Buyers Are Saying

Source: RCLCO Spring 2007

•Even without full payback 41% are willing to spend extra for environmental benefits

Demand for New Urbanism/ Smart Growth Designs

• 12 studies for builders and developers as input to planning new communities– Consumer surveys in Atlanta, Phoenix, Denver, Provo,

Albuquerque, Boise, and Chattanooga conducted in the early part of this decade.

– More recent studies conducted in Tampa, Orlando, Phoenix, Charlotte, and Savannah

– Both urban and suburban locations• Surveys measuring the interest in new urbanism

communities indicate the market for smart growth• Consistently find one third respondents prefer new

urbanism communities and housing product

RCLCO – Market for Smart Growth: High Production Builders Conference

New Urbanism and Smart Growth Design

• Support Sustainability Agenda• New Urbanism and smart growth designs and

products are similar:– Compact higher density communities– Connect with surrounding neighborhoods– Integrate multiple land uses reducing vehicle trips– Have a definable neighborhood center– Safe streets, and– Protect regional open spaces

RCLCO – Market for Smart Growth: High Production Builders Conference

Builder Motivation for Going Green•

62%: Right Thing to Do

•62%

: Lowering Life Cycle Costs

•53%

: Limit Liability Exposure

•51%

: Competitive Advantage

•46%

: Expand Business O

pportunities

•33%

: Publicity Benefits

“McGraw Hill Construction: Residential Green Building SmartMarket Report”

Who’s Going Green? Almost Everyone•

St. Petersburg first Certified G

reen City in FL

•Pinellas County first Certified G

reen County in FL

•Verandah first G

reen Developm

ent in Florida

•Atlanta: Earthcraft

•Nashville: G

reen Power Switch

•M

emphis: EcoBuild

•Southeast: Southface

•Nationwide: Building Am

erica•

Go to www.usgbc.org for com

plete listings

Market Trends & Outlook circa 2006•

97,000 Homes Have Been

Green Certified Since the M

id-1990s

•G

reen Home Building W

ill Reach Its Tipping Point in 2007...Increase Since 2005 W

ill be From

35% to 66%

•M

ore Than 2/3 of Builders Will

be Building Green Hom

es During 2008

“McGraw Hill Construction: Residential Green Building SmartMarket Report”

Buyer Profile

There are no age or incom

e barriers. Green

Building interests everyone concerned about energy costs, depletion of natural resources and living a healthier and less com

plicated lifestyle.

Developm

ent Scale G

reen Approaches

Developer’s PerspectiveSustainability

–Environm

ent

–Econom

ic

–Social

Social

Environment

Economic

Sustainability

Bonita Bay Group• Bonita Bay Group is recognized nationally as a leader in

environmentally sensitive large scale MPC Design and execution

• Privately held development company based in Southwest Florida since 1985

• Seven master planned communities with 12,000 units• 9,000 units sold on 9,700 acres• 15 golf courses• Two marinas• Irrigation utility company• Seven communities in planning and entitlement process

totaling over 10,000 acres and 25,000 units

BBG Environmental Awards• Five time winner of awards from the council for sustainable

Florida• First certified Green Development by the Florida Green

Building Coalition• Has 15 Audubon certified golf courses and communities• Twice has won ENVY awards from Florida Association of

Realtors for environmental stewardship• Twice has been named environmental Leader in Golf and

Golf Digest• And in 1999 Bonita Bay was awarded the Award of

Excellence by the Urban Land Institute for the best Master Planned Community in North America

BBG Sustainable DevelopmentEnvironment• Master Planning & Analysis• Water Management• Wetland Restoration• Dual Water Systems• Xeriscape• IPM (Integrated Pest Management)• Audubon Certifications• Native Vegetation Preservation• Resident Environmental Education

Programs• Green Building Training for Our

Builder Partners

BBG Sustainable DevelopmentEconomic• Tax Base• Infrastructure – Building

Public Roads and WaterManagement Facilities

• Jobs – Construction and Long-term Services• HOA/CDD for Private Infrastructure Funding and

Long-term Management and Governance

BBG Sustainable DevelopmentSocial • Social Infrastructure Program • Transfer Fees Fund Community

Foundation which Awards Grants to Local Causes

• United Way Campaign• Leadership on Local

Not-for-Profit Boards

BBG Sustainable DevelopmentDual Water Systems• Separate Irrigation System

Using Non-potable Water• Re-use Effluent and Other Non-

potable Sources• Less Expensive than Potable• RCS Serves 8000 Units • Average Savings of 12.6 Million

Gallons of potable water a Day Last Year

BBG Sustainable DevelopmentCompost & Recycling Program

FGBC Green Development•

Protect Ecosystems and

Conserve Natural Resources

•Create a G

reen Circulation System

•G

reen Utilities Practices

•Am

enities

•Covenants and Deed Restrictions

•Provide Educational Inform

ation to Help Achieve and Prom

ote G

reen Living Practices

Verandah First FGBC Green Development

Verandah• Single Family Homes Constructed to BuildSmart™

Standards (10 to 30% More Energy Efficient) • All Model Homes Green Building Certified • High Dust Spot Efficiency Filters• Materials are Low VOC• “Softscaping” – Strategic

Placement of Plantings

First FGBC Green Development 2003

Florida Green Development Criteria

First FGBC Green DevelopmentVerandah• Build Green and

Profit• Buyer Education

in Marketing & Sales Cycle

• Construction Waste Recycling

Florida Green Development Criteria

Verandah• Designed and Developed Around Existing Oak Trees

on the Site• 65% Open Space• Dual Water Lines• 50% Drought-tolerant

Plants in Landscaping• Computer-controlled

Irrigation System

First FGBC Green Development

Florida Green Development Criteria

• Amenities include fitness & biking trail, River Village• 1.75 mile conservation

easement at riverfront• Audubon International

certification underway • Covenants and deed

restrictions• Conservation areas• Green Circulation area• Restore flow way

First FGBC Green Development

Florida Green Development Criteria

•Green Development at Variety of Scale

Rural Scale Urban Infill Greenfield

Collier County Rural Stewardship PlanCollier County Rural Stewardship Plan• Stewardship Credits are the

“currency”

• Credits are credited from the natural resource and agricultural value of Stewardship Sending Areas multiplied by the layers of development rights removed.

• A Sending Area property owner opts into the program and selects which uses to remove or refrain.

• Credits are calculated using an established GIS database and model.

• Credits are sold to builders of new communities in receiving areas.

Stewardship Sending AreasStewardship Sending Areas• Sending Areas are selected

based on natural resource values, agricultural values or other desirable rural land uses and features.

• Multiple data sets representing a variety of characteristics are integrated through an innovative GIS based scoring system.

• Wetland flow ways, listed species habitats, water resource areas and ranches are typical sending areas.

• Sending Areas are selected based on natural resource values, agricultural values or other desirable rural land uses and features.

• Multiple data sets representing a variety of characteristics are integrated through an innovative GIS based scoring system.

• Wetland flow ways, listed species habitats, water resource areas and ranches are typical sending areas.

Stewardship Receiving AreasStewardship Receiving Areas

• Receiving Area locations are not predetermined, market forces and suitability factors guide the location.

• Desirable characteristics of rural development are integrated into the plan.

• Communities are compact, mixed-use, self-sufficient and pedestrian oriented.

• Design Standards are customized for each new community.

• Receiving Area locations are not predetermined, market forces and suitability factors guide the location.

• Desirable characteristics of rural development are integrated into the plan.

• Communities are compact, mixed-use, self-sufficient and pedestrian oriented.

• Design Standards are customized for each new community.

Serenbe: A Prototype Community for SustainabilityLand Preservation•

Serenbe is 900 Acres in the Heart of 40,000 Acres

•M

aster Plan 80% G

reen Space•

Limited to 220 Building Sites

Including Live/Work,

Comm

ercialStorm

Water M

anagement

•Runoff Directed into VegetatedFilter Strips and Shallow

Channels of Dense VegetationO

rganic Farm

Serenbe…A Prototype community for sustainability

Development Design• Building projects are designed to flow with the

terrain, to avoid disturbing natural landscapeEarthCraft Houses• All homes are built to the standards

of the EarthCraft House ProgramWastewater Treatment

• Reused for irrigation and future toilet water supply• 2-Stage chemical free passive wastewater

treatment system

Urban Infill: Eastwood Village

Eastwood Village

Green Attributes of TND• Infill developments reduce

gas consumption, pollution, etc. by keeping people closer to areas they frequently travel.

• Higher density infill deflects growth from greenfield areas.

• Brownfield Site Remediation at Eastwood

Green Attributes of TND: Eastwood

• Conventional Plan with 1063 Units

Green Attributes of TND: Eastwood

• 2300 Units on 550 Acres

• Development Cost 45% higher

• Additional 1,237 Units• 46% Higher Density• Fast-tracked Local

and State Approval

Urban Infill with High Density Design

43 Units on 1.6 acres27 du/ac

High Density Product Design Rear LoadAutoCourtTownhomes20–30 du / ac

Suburban Infill: Mixed Product•

Gross: 8 du / ac

•Net: 12 du / ac & 19 du / ac

Small Lot Single Family

One Typical Lot Can Now be Three Small Lots.

These Lots are 26’ to 28’ Wide and 95’ Deep.

Small Lot Single Family

Greenfield Development

Greenfield Development North River Village

• 2,500 Units on 1,265 Acres• Preserves Open Space (65% Open Space)• Clustering Uses Less Land• Deflects Growth Away from Environmentally

Sensitive Areas• Minimizes Impervious

Surfaces• Allows for Connection

of Wildlife Habitat• Makes Central Water /

Sewer Feasible

Density Analysis North River Village

Current 1 Unit per Acre Zoning

• 990 Units on 1,265 Acres

• Min 1 acre lots• Classic Urban

Sprawl• Central Water / Sewer Not feasible

Land consumed at 1 DU/ ac

• 2,500 Units covers3,300 Acres

Green Programs at North River Village• FGBC Dev. Designation• LEED Silver for Amenity Buildings• LEED Neighborhood Development ??• Clean Marina Program• LID for Stormwater System Design• Dual Water for Irrigation (include recycling

stormwater)• FGBC Certification for all Single Family Homes• Energy Star

• Water Star• Buildsmart• Green Advantage Certification for builders• FY&N Standards for Residential Landscape• Xeriscape Initiatives for Community

Landscape• Firewise Community Designation• Green Energy?

North River Green Programs cont.

Green Programs NRV• U.S. Green Building Council Leadership in

Energy & Environmental Design (LEED) Certification:

• LEED is a green building rating system that was developed by the US Green Building Council. LEED is a point based system where projects earn LEED points for satisfying specific green building criteria in six categories which include sustainable sites, water efficiency, energy and atmosphere, materials and resources, indoor environmental quality, and innovation in design.

Green Programs NRV

• LEED for Neighborhood Development: • The LEED for Neighborhood Development Rating

System integrates the principles of smart growth, urbanism and green building into the first national system for neighborhood design. LEED certification provides independent, third-party verification that a development's location and design meet accepted high levels of environmentally responsible, sustainable development.

Green Programs NRV• Clean Marina Program: • This program administered by the Department of

Environmental Protection provides pollution prevention educational information and designation to marinas and boat yard owners. Clean Marinas implement a Clean Marina Action Plan (CMAP) focusing on waste management and pollution prevention.

Green Programs NRV

LID Low Impact Design is an approach to site development that minimizes engineered solutions to water management and minimizes development impact by:

• Decreasing Impervious Surfaces• Reducing Roadway Surfaces• Permeable Pavement Surfaces• Vegetative Roof Systems• Natural Resource Preservation and Xeriscaping

www.lowimpactdevelopment.org/

Green Programs NRV• Energy Star: • Energy Star is a voluntary partnership between the

US EPA and more than 8,000 organizations, including 3,500 of the nation’s home builders. The goal is to increase energy efficiency, decrease utility bills, and help to prevent greenhouse gas emissions. The Energy Star symbol identifies more than 50 types of products such as appliances, lighting, and heating and cooling equipment that are energy efficient.

Green Programs NRV• Florida Water Star:• The program encourages water efficiency in

household appliances, plumbing fixtures, irrigation systems and landscapes. These promote the economic and environmental benefits of efficiency in new home construction.

Green Programs NRV

• Florida Power & Light (FP&L) Build Smart: • FPL’s energy efficient home certification program

offers energy efficient options for homes to certify they are built to a higher standard than Florida code requires.

Green Programs NRV• Green Advantage Certification:• Green Advantage is an environmental

certification for building related practitioners-primarily contractors, subcontractors and trades people. Certified individuals must pass an examination for Commercial, Residential and/or Commercial/Residential Certification that demonstrates their knowledge in green building principles, materials, and techniques.

Green Programs NRV• Florida Yards & Neighborhoods (FY&N): • This voluntary program is a partnership of the

University of Florida/Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (UF/IFAS) and provides education and outreach activities in the community to help residents reduce pollution, conserve water, and enhance their environment by improving home and landscape management.

Green Programs NRV• Firewise Communities & Wildfire Hazard

Assessment Guide for Florida Homeowners: • The program recognizes those communities that

determine if a wildfire hazard exists in a community, evaluate the risk, and implement Firewise principles to mitigate the risk.

Barriers to Green Development • Innovative Rural Village Concept• Regional Land Use Solution• Greenbelt Land Preservation• Commercial• Parks & Schools• Transportation Solutions• Pedestrian-friendly• Affordable / Workforce Housing• Village Center / Village Green

Immokalee Road SouthHigh Density Concept

Barriers to Green Development

Rural Village Plan• 1,422 Units on 563 Acres• 167 Acre Greenbelt• 150,000 s.f. Commercial• $40,000 per Unit Development Cost

Immokalee Road SouthHigh Density Concept

Barriers to Green DevelopmentRegulatory Challenges• Transportation Extractions• Fiscal Neutrality Requirement by

End of Year One• 20% Increase in Water

Management Requirements• Considerable Anti Growth or

Slow Growth Sentiment• Result is low density plan based

on existing zoningImmokalee Road SouthLow Density Concept

Barriers to Green DevelopmentFinal Plan:• 470 Units on 563 Acres• Doubled per Unit Development

Cost• Average Unit Cost 56% higher

Immokalee Road SouthLow Density Concept

Low Impact Development

LID* Storm Water ManagementLow

Impact D

evelopment

Strategies:The strategies fall under the tw

o broad categories of practices and site design.

Practices:

•G

rass Swales•

Filter Strips•

Disconnected Impervious Areas

•Cistern Collection System

s*Low

Impact D

evelopment

LID Storm Water ManagementSite D

esign:

•Decreasing Im

pervious Surfaces

•Reducing Roadway Surfaces

•Perm

eable Pavement Surfaces

•Vegetative Roof System

s

•Natural Resource Preservation and Xeriscaping

•Clustering Hom

es

www.lowimpactdevelopment.org/

Conservation Development

Conventional Conservation

Source: Conservation Design Forum

Moderate Density Conservation

Source: Conservation Design Forum

Bioswale

Cost Comparisons

$-

$100,000

$200,000

$300,000

$400,000

$500,000

$600,000

$700,000

$800,000

$900,000

$1,000,000

1. SitePreparation1

2. StormwaterManagement

3. SanitarySewer

4. WaterDistribution

5. Site Paving andSidewalks

6. LandscapeDevelopment

DesignContingency2

Conventional

Conservation

Conventional $3,350,000 ($37,600/lot) / Conservation $2,880,000 ($32,400/lot)

Source: Conservation Design Forum

Green Residential Design

Design Basics: Economize

• Smaller Lots

• Smaller Homes

• Smaller Prices

Floor Plan Design Basics•

Build Smaller: we don’t buy

cars by the pound…so why

should we buy homes by the

square footage?

•Be Flexible…

Double Duty Room

s

•Add Extra Height & Fill the Entire Volum

e

•Reduce Circulation Paths

•Built in Furniture and Provide Am

ple Storage

•Rem

ove Formal Spaces

•Use Bedroom

s for Sleeping

•Add Focal Points

Maximize Space Perception

Clear Circulation & Focal Points

Add Volume“Thanks to Duo Dickinson”

Unplugged• Exposed

Materials and Ductwork

• Unfinished

• Overlapping Spaces

• Interior Windows

Open, Flexible, & Efficient

Take Advantage of Unused Space

Lessons From Grandma’s House

Think Inside the Box

Stay Simple and BeDeliberate With Details

Construction Systems

Construction Systems:•

SIPS – Structural Integrated Panel System

•Sm

art Frame / O

ptimum

Value Engineering (O

VE)

•Insulated Concrete Panels

•Insulated Concrete Form

s

•Panelized

•M

odular

Construction Systems

Insulated Concrete Forms

Typical CMU

Systems: SIPS

Systems: Underway

Day One After Slab Pour

Shell In Place

Interior View End of Day Three

Pre-Charley

Completed Building Grand Opening – August 6, 2004

Post-Charley

Building after surviving Hurricane Charley – August 13, 2004

Variety

Bottom Line Issues1.

Shell2.

Window & Door Installation

3.Roof Installation

4.Site Selection / Soil Preparation

5.Fram

ing6.

HVAC / Mechanical Equipm

ent Installation

7.Siding Installation

8.Foundation Construction

Most Common Green PracticesEnergy Efficiency

•Low-E W

indows

•Sealing Joints

•Energy Efficient Appliances

•Ceiling Fans

Costs of Green BuildingFirst Cost

–Cost to Purchase

Life Cycle Cost–

Cost Plus Savings for a Product’s Life

Payback–

Time Needed to Recoup

Additional First Costs Via Long-Term

SavingsReturn on Investm

ent–

Overall Return O

ver Time

Allows for an “Apples to Apples” Com

parison

Associated Costs•

Cost of Greening: As a Total

Cost of Construction M

ean: 4.95%

Median:

3.83%Range:

-25% to

38.94%

•75%

of Cases under 5%

“New Ecology, Inc, Green Affordable Housing Workshop”

Sustainable Development Key Points•

Sustainability incorporatesenvironm

ent, social andeconom

ic principles•

Density reduces sprawl•

Consider innovative, horizontal “green building”such as low im

pact designfor water m

anagement

•Integrate green developm

ent and green building for m

aximum

effect

Don’t forget its……about creating communities

Web SitesG

reen Resources: www.usgbc.org

www.nahb.org

www.floridagreenbuilding.org

www.buildingamerica.gov

www.eeba.org

www.thegbi.org