Sustainable Air Conditioning Copyright © TORO 2012 Copyright © TORO 2012 ShamKant Mirashi...

Sustainable Air ConditioningCopyright © TORO 2012

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Copyright © TORO 2012

ShamKant Mirashi29.05.2012



1. Fossil fuel is finite2. Alternative energy is expensive 3. Predicted high future demand 4. Demand outstripping the supply already5. India has the second highest population6. GHG and Co2 emissions.

Why need to pay attention to end use energy efficiency?


Implications for CO2 Emissions

Half of the projected increase in emissions comes from new power stations, mainly using coal & mainly located in China &

India

Increase = 14.3 Gt (55%)

0

10

20

30

40

50

1980 1990 2004 2010 2015 2030

Gt o

f CO

2

Coal Oil Gas


Alternative Policy Scenario: Global Savings in Energy-Related CO2 Emissions

Improved end-use efficiency of electricity & fossil fuels is accounts for two-thirds of avoided emissions in 2030

Alternative Policy Scenario

Reference Scenario

Increased nuclear (10%)Increased renewables (12%)

Power sector efficiency & fuel (13%)

Electricity end-use efficiency (29%)

Fossil-fuel end-use efficiency (36%)

26

30

34

38

42

2004 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030

Gt o

f CO

2



Use a different way of energy generation rather than fossil fuel: e.g. by 2030, contributions of reduction from: Renewable energy (12%), nuclear (10%)

Improve the fuel to energy conversion of fossil fuel. Improve the loss of energy transmission to end use: Improve energy efficiency at end-use: potential of

contributing up to 65% of the projected growth reduction CO2 sequestration (probably not mature enough to be

significant)

Ways to save energy and reduce emission


Compounding losses…or savings so start saving at the downstream

end



Advanced countries have set ambitious goals. One scenario studied in Germany is:a) maintain current level of total energy consumption while maintaining economic growth, build no more fossil fuel power stations;b) phase out existing nuclear stationsc) build renewable to replaced) improve energy efficiency by 50% by 2050 to meet new energy needs

What other countries are doing?



UK: similar consideration. Carbon tax introduced. Aim to reduce carbon dioxide by 50% by 2050.

USA: Government buildings to save energy of 2% per year from 2005 to 2015: that is 20% in ten years.

China: Laws for RE and for EE established in recent years.

What other countries are doing?



INDIA:Laws for Renewable Energy and Energy

Efficiency established in recent years.

Alternate Energy initiatives like Prime Minister's solar Mission and Energy efficiency Mission active

What is India doing?



With innovative approaches, and changes in conventional installation practices, such targets are realistic.

Cases quoted by Rocky Mountain Institute: over 50% energy eff. improvement achieved

Case quoted by Scientific America in 9/2006 issue: factory in Germany 43% improvement.

India : 1000 Crore savings due to energy labeling programme

Let’s see some examples

Are these energy efficiency targets realistic?



T5 tubes much more energy efficient “Plug and enhance” devices now available Electronics ballasts incur less loss Use of reflective luminaires Much of the existing lighting systems could be

retrofitted LED lighting finding users

Lighting


Use of LED Exit Signs

Conventional Exit Sign

18W 2-year service life

LED Exit Sign 3W 5-year service life Estimated savings: 24,800 kWh/annum


Replacement of Incandescent Lamps

Incandescent lamps

CFL

Lamp wattage (W) 40 9

Total circuital power (W)

1,672 264

Lighting level (lux) 1,300 1,600

Estimated Savings 10,000 kWh/annum

Incandescent lamps

CFLs


A Novel Air-Con Exhibition

OR

A Modern Work of Art



1. Air conditioning already uses more than 16% of the total electrical energy produce in India

2. Average HVAC system running constantly uses its capital cost in electricity in just few months.

3. Typical retrofit ROI is recoverable in less than 24 months.

4. Reduction in Capex for back up power and connected switchgear improves the pay back period

5. Due to High humidity an temperature combination IAQ improvement cost are extremely high.

Why focus on HVAC



New Idea !!!



Technologies which are India centric–Alternate refrigerant -

DSM – Demand Side Management

Alternate approach for comfort cooling–Divide & Rule

New view points

Water


Design

Energy efficient air-cooled a/c system with evaporative condensing.

Do not excessively oversize the Cooling systems .

Use Indirect evaporative cooling for industry

Use Hybrid Air handling units for commercial applications

Applications

1. Heat Recovery Ventilators for CO2 control

2. Treated Fresh Air Units 3. Deep Dehumidifiers 4. Whole House Ambiators 5. Industrial Two Stage

Ambiators

Building Cooling Technologies



1. Industrial & Power station Control Rooms 2. Large Buildings Like malls, banquets3. High Population buildings Like Multiplexes 4. High heat buildings Steel aluminum Industry5. Large assembly plant like automotive6. Large Storage like 3 PL and other warehouses7. Independent Bungalows8. Educational Institutions 9. Animal houses

Typical Areas for big savings



1.Sustainable cooling 2.Makes the alternate energy

viable 3.Saves energy for other uses 4.Improves IAQ5.Lowest connected load6.Lowest Opex 7.Lowest maintenance

Benefits


56 kW or Just 7.5 kW



1. Set ourselves a vision and devoted to it. Senior management to lead and provide support.

2. In the past, we might not have needed a vision. Now it is a pressing a need

3. Now we should think in terms of technology, think in longer terms,

4. Think about corporate social responsibilities.

How do we go about it?



1. Traditions and established practices and designs

2. Market structure and conditions may not encourage adoption of innovative products

3. Habits4. We need some courage to adopt changes

Institutional barriers that may hinder changes and innovation



Thank You

Sustainable Air Conditioning Copyright © TORO 2012 Copyright © TORO 2012 ShamKant Mirashi...

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