Susceptibility- Lack of resistance to a disease Resistance/ immunity- Ability to ward off disease...
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Susceptibility- Lack of resistance to a disease
Resistance/ immunity- Ability to ward off disease
Innate (nonspecific) immunity- Resistance to all microbes;present from birth (can be species specific)
Adaptive (specific) resistance- Resistance to a specific pathogen
Immunity
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Host defense systems
Figure 16.1 - Overview (1 of 3)
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First line of defense- skin
-Physical factors
-Chemical factors
-Microbiota
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First line of defense- mucosal surfaces
-Physical factors* Mucous production* Cilia* Hairs
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First line of defense- mucosal surfaces
-Physical factors
-Chemical factors
-Normal microbiota
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First line of defense- lacrimal apparatus
-Physical factors
-Chemical factors
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Second line of defense- blood cells!
Bruce Wetzel (photographer). Harry Schaefer (photographer)National Cancer Institute
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Table 16.1 (2 of 3)
Second line of defense- blood cells!
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Table 16.1 (3 of 3)
Second line of defense- blood cells!
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Type of cell Increase Decrease
RBC ErythrocytosisPolycythemia
Anemia
WBCs Leukocytosis Leukopenia - lymphocytes Lymphocytosis Lymphocytopenia
- granulocytes Granylocytosis Granulocytopenia
- neutrophils Neutrophilia Neutropenia
- eosinophils Eosinophilia Eosinopenia
Platelets Thrombocytosis Thrombocytopenia
ALL cell lines
Pancytopenia
Complete blood count (CBC)
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Figure 16.6
Figure 16.7 - Overview
Processes: Phagocytosis
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Chemicals released by damaged cellsthat cause:
- Vasodilation
- Increased permeability
- Activation of Complementsystem
Processes: Inflammation
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Processes: The Complement System
Activation of complement proteins will:
1. Enhance phagocytosis
2. Punch holes in microbes
3. Cause inflammation