Surveying instruments
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Transcript of Surveying instruments
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Group A Arsalan Rehman Asim Rafique M.Faraz Zafar Safdar Mahmood (CR) Mukarram Rabbani Nasir javed
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Surveying Instruments
HOW WE USE INSTRUMENT DURING SURVEYING
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Surveying Instrument Instruments used in surveying operations to
measure vertical angles, horizontal angles, and distance.
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Tripod
A surveyor's tripod is a device used to support any one of a number of surveying instruments, such as theodolite, total stations ,levels or transits.
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Level staff A level staff, also called levelling rod, is a graduated wooden or
aluminum rod, the use of which permits the determination of differences in elevation
In the photograph on the right, both a metric (left) and imperial (right) levelling rod are seen. This is a two-sided aluminum rod, coated white with markings in contrasting colours. The imperial side has a bright yellow background.
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Total Station :- A total station is an
electronic/optical instrument used in modern surveying
To read distances from the instrument to a particular point.
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Clinometer
An instrument used by surveyors in order to measure an angle of inclination or elevation
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90 line on protractor
weight
Line of sight
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Uses of Clinometers Indicating pitch and roll of vehicles, sail boats, and aircraft.
Monitoring boom angle of cranes and material handlers.
Measuring the "look angle" of a satellite antenna towards a satellite.
Measuring movements in walls and/or the ground in civil engineering projects
Measuring the angle of drilling in well-logging applications.
Rollover warning, to alert equipment operator of possible tip over condition
Determining the angle of the earth's magnetic field in respect to the horizontal plane.
Measuring steepness of a ski slope. (<10o for beginners, 10o-20o "green", 15o-25o "blue", 25o-35o "black", 35o-45o "double black")
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Compass
A compass is a navigational survey instrument used for determining the “directions” which is relative to the Earth's magnetic pole
A compass can be used to calculate “heading” used with a “sextant” to calculate latitude” and with a “marine chronometer” to calculate “longitude”
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GPSGPS
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DEVOLPMENT
ERATH QUAKE SCENCE
PLANS DIRECTION
VEHICALS
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ELEMENTS The Space Segment The User Segment The Control Segment
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The Space Segment
24 Satellite
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The User Segment Receiver
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The Control Segment Ground station
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Principle of Gps
Measurement of distance between satellite and receiver
Wgs84
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Use of Gps in now a days Military use
Every day's life
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Theodolite
Most important application is measuring horizontal and vertical angles
Horizontal distances and determine elevations
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How to use A theodolite must be
mounted on a level tripod or stand from where the user can observe.
The observer can take a reading by looking through the telescope and adjusting the vertical crosshairs to match the extreme left of the survey target.
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Prism Prism Consider the offset, The thread size, When working with Total
Stations that require a target
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That ‘s All Our Presentation
Thanks Dear Fellows