Survey Methods So you want to do a Community Survey?
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Transcript of Survey Methods So you want to do a Community Survey?
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Survey Methods
So you want to do a Community Survey?
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Overview (I)
Recognizing a need Willingness to commit people, time
and money Appointing a planning commission Actions
Community needs survey Gather general information Form planning advisory committee
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Overview (II)
Public Participation Form citizen’s advisory committee Statement of goals and objectives
from planning commission Modification of goals by governing
body Planning commission prepares work
schedule
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Phases of Participation
Technical Data gathering Forecasting Analysis of facts and predictions
General Generating public interest Eliciting public participation Creating public “ownership”
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Preparing the Survey
Survey should elicit the goals and objectives for community Not the other way around
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Preparing the Survey
Four simple rules to survey my community Guarantee anonymity Don’t force privacy issues Avoid ambiguous questions Consult with partners
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Preparing the survey
Scoping the project Establish goals Determine sample Choose interview methodology Create questionnaire Pretest survey Conduct interviews / data entry Analyze data
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Establishing Goals
Clear goals = useful survey results General survey instrument leads to
weak findings Don’t be afraid to be specific
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Determining Sample Size
Sampling Creating a representative sub-population We sample due to limitations of time,
money and labor
Considerations: Target population (varies with project) Sample size error
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Determining Sample Size
Sample Size Calculator Bias Issues Quotas
Ensuring representation
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Sampling
Random Systematic Stratified Random Clustered
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Interview Methods
Personal Interviews Advantages
Personal connection Targeted sampling
Disadvantages Costly Environment influences effectiveness, bias
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Interview Methods
Telephone Advantages
Fast Randomness Data Entry
Disadvantages Bad reputation Calling window limited (6-9)
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Interview Methods
Mail Advantages
Cheap Doesn’t require phone numbers Can include illustrative material Can be done at respondent’s convenience
Disadvantages Time intensive Requires literate sample
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Interview Methods
Computer-Direct Advantages
Respondents do the data entry Privacy No interviewer bias Skip patterning possible High response rate
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Interview Methods
Computer-Direct Disadvantages
Computer literacy required General literacy required
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Designing the Survey
Introductory message KISS
Length and complexity hinders response rate & accuracy
Allow respondents to “opt out” of a question But don’t allow a neutral response
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Survey Questions
Multiple Choice Open Ended
Numeric Text
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Survey Questions
Multiple Choice Simple Allows you to control the response Requires to be as inclusive as possible Try not to steer respondent into neutral
responses
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Survey Questions
Numeric Open Ended Good for responses that require too
many possibilities Income
Text Open Ended Same as numeric Leaves open problems for data entry
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Survey Questions
Rating and Agreement Scales Likert Scales Good for ordinal variables Good for preferences
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Survey Questions
Order of questions Goal: get respondent to answer survey Goal: try not to bias responses
Start with easy questions, end with more difficult/sensitive questions
Try to vary questions with likely responses (habituation)
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Survey Questions
Always keep in mind issues of data entry