Surgical Aseptic Technique N001. See SLOs in Syllabus.
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Transcript of Surgical Aseptic Technique N001. See SLOs in Syllabus.
Surgical Aseptic Technique
N001
See SLO’s in Syllabus
Historical perspectives
Remember germs and how to combat them was discovered in the mid 1800s
Initially ill family members were cared for at home
Now ill members of society are cared for in the hospital
Chances of cross contamination are high
Application
Medical aseptic technique- “Practices intended to confine a specific
microorganisms to a specific area Protective – reduces the numbers of
potentially infectious organisms Clean – absence of almost all microorganisms Dirty – soiled, denotes the likely presence of
microorganisms some of which could cause an infection .”(Kozier)
Surgical Asepsis
Sterile technique “those practices that keep an area free of
all microorganisms” (Kozier) Including pathogens & spores
Application of Surgical Asepsis
During procedures that require internal perforation of a client's skin (IM or IV)
When the skin’s integrity is broken (surgical incisions or burns)
During procedures that involve the insertion of catheters or surgical instruments into sterile body cavities
(Potter & Perry 6thp. 802)
Sterilization Procedures
Steam Ethylene oxide
Gas sterilization Germicidal solutions
Client Preparation
Patient information/education
Pain relief
Elimination needs
Comfort needs
Principles of S.A.T.
The nurse must follow certain principles in order to maintain surgical asepsis
Failure to do could result in placing the client at risk for infection
These principles are same in all situations that requiring sterility. Injections, insertion of catheters etc.
A Sterile Object Remains Sterile Only
When Touched by Another Sterile Object
Sterile touching sterile remains sterile Use of sterile gloves & sterile forceps Sterile touching clean becomes contaminated
A Sterile Object Remains Sterile Only When Touched by Another Sterile Object
Sterile touching contaminated becomes contaminated
Sterile touching questionable is contaminated
When in doubt discard !
Only Sterile Objects May Be Placed on a Sterile Field Storage – must be dry and clean Appropriate preparation Packaging must be intact
A Sterile Object or Field Out of the Range of Vision or an Object Held Blow the Person’s Waist Is Contaminated
Never turn your back on a sterile field Sterile objects must be kept in view
A Sterile Object or Field Becomes Contaminated by Prolonged Exposure to Air Limit air currents Do not laugh, sneeze, or talk over a sterile
field- minimize movement around the sterile field
Reach around the sterile field When opening sterile equipment hold it as
close as possible without touching the field
When a Sterile Surface Comes Into Contact With a Wet, Contaminated Surface, the Sterile Object or Field Becomes Contaminated by Capillary Action
Packages must be intact Note the water proof barriers Work on a dry surface
Fluids Flow in the Direction of Gravity Surgical hand scrub Hold forceps with tip down
Edges of the Sterile Field or Container Are Considered Contaminated
I inch all the way around Pour liquid off open bottle discard and
then pour the liquid
Opening Sterile Packages
Be sure and review Starting p 805 Potter & Perry
Potter & Perry Chapter 33
Opening Sterile Packages
Adding Sterile items to a sterile field
Assisting a surgeon with gowning
Final comments
Professional responsibility Ethical component
Honesty Integrity “Do not harm”
Wrap Up Question
When a nurse is performing a surgical hand scrub he/she must keep hands: A. above the elbows B. Below the elbows C. At a 45 degree angle D. In a comfortable position
References
Potter, P.A., Perry, A. G. (2013) Fundamentals of nursing (8th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Mosby.