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Mayo and Metzenbaum

Mayo scissors (B) are used for cutting heavy fascia and sutures.

Metzenbaum scissors (A) are more delicate than Mayo scissors.

Metzenbaum scissors are used to cut delicate tissues.

Metzenbaum scissors have a longer handle to blade ratio.

The thumb and ring finger are inserted into the rings of the

scissors while the index and middle finger are used to guide

the instrument.

The instrument should remain at the tips of the fingers for

maximum control.

The tips of the scissors should be pointing upwards.

Forceps: consist of two tines held together at one end with a spring device

that holds the tines open. Forceps can be either tissue or dressing forceps.

Dressing forceps have smooth or smoothly serrated tips.

Tissue forceps have teeth to grip tissue. Many forceps bear the name of the

originator of the design, such as Adson tissue forceps.

Thumb forceps are held like a pencil.

Rat Tooth: A Tissue Forceps

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Interdigitating teeth hold tissue without slipping.

Used to hold skin/dense tissue.

Adson Tissue Forceps

Small serrated teeth on edge of tips.

The Adsons tissue forceps has delicate serrated tips designed for light,

careful handling of tissue.

Intestinal Tissue Forceps: Hinged (locking) forceps used for grasping andholding tissue.

Allis: An Intestinal Tissue Forceps

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Interdigitating short teeth to grasp and hold bowel or tissue.

Slightly traumatic, use to hold intestine, fascia and skin

Babcock: An Intestinal Tissue Forceps

More delicate that Allis, less directly traumatic.

Broad, flared ends with smooth tips.

Used to atraumatically hold viscera (bowel and bladder).

Sponge Forceps

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Sponge forceps can be straight or curved.

Sponge forceps can have smooth or serrated jaws.

Used to atraumatically hold viscera (bowel and bladder).

Hemostatic forceps: Hinged (locking) Forceps. Many hemostaticforceps bear the name of the designer (Kelly, Holstead, Crile). They are usedto clamp and hold blood vessels.

Classification by size and shape and size of tips

Hemostatic forceps and hemostats may be curved or straight.

Kelly Hemostatic Forceps and Mosquito Hemostats

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Both are transversely serrated.

Mosquito hemostats (A) are more delicate than Kelly hemostatic

forceps (B).

Comparison of Kelly and Mosquito tips

Mosquito hemostats (A) have a smaller, finer tip.

Carmalt

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Heavier than Kelly.

Preferred for clamping of ovarian pedicals during an

ovariohysterectomy surgery because the serrations run longitudinally.

Doyen Intestinal Forceps

Doyen intestinal forceps are non-crushing intestinal occluding forceps

with longitudinal serrations.

Used to temporarily occlude lumen of bowel.

Payr Pylorus Clamps

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Payr pylorus clamp is a crushing intestinal instrument.

Used to occlude the end of bowel to be resected.

Needle holder: Hinged (locking) instrument used to hold the needle while

suturing tissue.

Good quality is ensured with tungsten carbide inserts at the tip of the needle

holder.

Mayo-Hegar

Heavy, with mildly tapered jaws.

No cutting blades.

Olsen-Hegar

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Includes both needle holding jaw and scissors blades.

The disadvantage to having blades within the needle holder is the

suture material may be accidentally cut.

Retractors

Senn

Blades at each end.

Blades can be blunt (delicate) or sharp (more traumatic, used for

fascia).

Hohman

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Levers tissue away from bone during orthopedic procedures.

Weitlaner

Ends can be blunt or sharp.

Has rake tips.

Ratchet to hold tissue apart.

Gelpi

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Has single point tips.

Ratchet to hold tissue apart.

Towel clamps secure drapes to a patient's skin. They may also be used to

hold tissue.

Backhaus Towel Clamp

Locking forceps with curved, pointed tips.