SURFACE FINISHING (VERSION 1)

 

CCPCCSH3004A: Apply FinishesCPCCSH2001A: Prepare Surfaces

The main reasons for Surface finishing are:

Protection - Protects the surface from dirt, sun (UV rays), water, fungus, rot, mould, chemicals etc.

Durability - Strengthens the surface and makes it more durable.

Appearance (aesthetics) - Highlights or improves the appearance of the surface to make it more attractive and appealing

There is a large range of products and techniques used for surface preparation, along with an even larger range of finishing products and methods.

Correct selection of the right technique and finish for the job is critical, and can mean the difference between high quality joinery, and damaged and unusable materials.

Why is preparation so important? Generally, the more preparation you

do, the better the finishing process and the better the overall finish of the job.

PLANNING AND PREPARATION

Cover all work areas with a suitable, non-marking material such as carpet, rugs or felt.

Clean up all tools and materials that are no longer needed to provide a clear work area

Select appropriate P.P.E. for each task (e.g. dust mask for sanding, respirator for spraying lacquer)

Determine tools and equipment needed and position close to work area

Clean away dust and debris from areas that will be used for finish application

PLANNING AND PREPARATION:POINTS TO REMEMBER

Set up drying racks, trolleys and benches close by, as required for each task

Check Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) prior to using any finishing materials and applications to ensure correct use and safety

Determine the most suitable finishing methods for the material you are using

Plan each step with consideration to time restraints

Use work method statements to identify the correct sequence and minimise any safety hazards

PLANNING AND PREPARATION:POINTS TO REMEMBER (CONT’D)

Before surface finishing can commence, three questions should be asked:What is the most suitable method of surface

preparation?What is the most suitable finish for the

material?What is the most suitable application

method for applying the finish?

Answering these questions depends on a number of considerations including:

PLANNING AND PREPARATION

The type of material to be finished

The intended use of the product

The expected climate the product will be located in

Customer requirements / plans / spec’s

PLANNING AND PREPARATION

Solid Timber Timber veneer board

and panelling Particle board Medium Density

Fibreboard (MDF) Plasterboard / Gyprock Aluminium Steel

PLANNING AND PREPARATION:SURFACE TYPES

Paint Stain French Polish Powder Coating Lacquer Wax Oil Epoxy enamel

PLANNING AND PREPARATION:FINISH TYPES

There are generally four steps in surface preparation for most surfaces and finishes.

1. Remove all traces of moisture, dirt, grease, marks and dust

2. Fill all cracks, holes, joints and defects

3. Sand all areas of the surface to a smooth finish

4. Remove all traces of dust from sanding

SURFACE PREPARATION

Grain Defects - holes

- knots

- cracks

- scratches

- insect damage Marks

SURFACE PREPARATION:TIMBER

Fill all holes / cracks prior to sanding

Start with the least-coarse grit possible

Move up through the grits Cover benches Sand till all marks are

removed

SURFACE PREPARATION:SANDING

Enhances the grain Applied with brush, cloth or spray Brush or spray into corners and tight areas Apply generously, then wipe off Needs to be coated / sealed after Allow to dry before coating Do not dry on porous surface

SURFACE FINISHING:STAIN

Different types for different applications Apply with brush or spray gun Brush with the grain Spray parallel and 150mm – 200mm

away from surface Spray / brush difficult areas first Use long, even strokes when spraying Use spray booth / P.P.E.

SURFACE FINISHING:LACQUER

Oldest form of finish Good moisture

resistance Not very durable Rub into surface Use Steel wool Rub with soft cloth to

‘burnish’

SURFACE FINISHING:WAX

Enhances natural colour Quickly absorbed (apply

many coats) Natural (eco friendly) Linseed, olive, tung,

vegetable oils, coloured Brush or wipe onto surface Can be used with steel wool

over lacquer to smooth off

SURFACE FINISHING:OIL

Applied with brush, roller or spray gun More coats improves protection, colour Matt, satin, semi and full gloss finishes Fumes – ventilation / wear P.P.E. Use long, even strokes in one direction Paint hard to reach areas first Use drop sheets etc.

SURFACE FINISHING:PAINT

Uniform, durable finish for metals Remove defects first Pre-treat with chemicals or sandblasting Ground the surface Spray powder onto surface Bake surface in a kiln or oven Powder melts into even film Overspray can be recycled

SURFACE FINISHING:POWDER COATING

Corona – electrostatic charge Tribo – friction charge Fluidized bed – dipped

SURFACE FINISHING:POWDER COATING (CONT’D)

Clean up is crucial before and after finishing Avoid overspray and dust Clean brushes, rollers and spray equipment. Dispose of waste safely – Environment

Protection Act (EPA) Take care with thinners and solvents Unused materials sealed and stored safely

SURFACE FINISHING:CLEAN UP