supreme court additonal complex project

SUMMER INTERNSHIP (13/06/2016 –

25/07/2016)

CONSTRUCTION OF ADDITIONAL OFFICE COMPLEX FOR THE SUPREME COURT OF INDIA ADJOINING

BY

ABOUT THE AUTHORITY (CPWD)

The Central Public Works Department of India is a central government owned authority that is in charge of public sector works in the country. Central Public Works Department (CPWD) under Ministry of Urban Development is interested with construction and maintenance of buildings for most of the central government departments, public undertakings and autonomous bodies.

In the Indian history both pre and post-independence, CPWD has a glorious era of more than 150 years with dedicated, energetic and committed corps of engineers and architects. Before being re-structured to its present form in 1930, “Central Public Works Department” originated in July 1854 when the Governor General of India decided to set up a central agency to exercise universal control over public works in India.

ABOUT THE AUTHORITY (CPWD)

Central Public Works Department, Delhi is the premier agency of Govt. of India engaged in planning, designing, construction and maintenance of Govt. assets in the field of built environment and infrastructure development. Assets and built environment include Hospitals, Schools, Technical institutes, Police buildings, Courts etc. Assets and infrastructure development include Roads, Bridges, Flyovers, and Subways etc.

Central Public Works Department, Delhi also sustains and preserves these assets through a well-developed system of maintenance which includes amongst others specialized services like rehabilitation of works, roads and aesthetic treatments like interiors, monument lightings and landscaping.

CENTRAL DESIGN ORGANISATION

Central Design Organization was created in the year 1969 with a view to provide high level of design inputs in multi - storeyed projects which could not be handled by the design units under Chief Engineers. As pressure on availability of land increased, CPWD could utilize the services of CDO for high rise built habitats and complex projects. CDO has provided its services to over 350 projects in CPWD.

Important projects designed by CDO are Parliament Library Complex, Parliament Annex Building, National Gallery of Modern Art, National Museum, Supreme Court Extension- Official Complex, National Stadium, Afghan Parliament in Kabul, Lal Bahadur Shastri National Academy of Administration, Mussoorie and Hall of States, ITPO. At present, CDO has the responsibility of structural design of complex structures incorporating State of art engineering practices and technology using STAAD, e TABS, SAP, AutoCAD and STRUDS etc.

CENTRAL DESIGN ORGANISATION

CDO is headed by the Chief Engineer (Designs) who is responsible for the overall administrative and technical control of the unit. Superintending Engineers are the direction officers for the control, coordination and execution of all tasks related to modeling analysis, design, detailing and drafting of structural drawings. Executive Engineers are responsible for all modeling, design and drafting tasks and preparing design proposals.

ABSTRACT

The project report includes Construction of Additional Office Complex for the Supreme Court of India adjoining PragatiMaidan, New Delhi, Package - 3 Plus Balance Work of Package-1: Building Work including balance work of RCC Structure and Basement, Finishing Work, Internal and External Services (Civil) & External Development Work (Civil). AGREEMENT NO. 04/EE-1/SCPZ/2014-15 CONTRACTOR M/s JMC Projects (India) Ltd. ESTIMATED COST Rs 433,66,38,615 TENDERED AMOUNT Rs 468,25,69,443 PERFORMANCE GUARANTEE Rs 23,41,28,472

ABSTRSACT

SECURITY DEPOSITRs 11,70,64,236

TIME ALLOWED900 days

DATE OF START04.01.2015

DATE OF COMPLETION 21.06.2017 ACTUAL DATE OF COMPLETION -- INCENTIVE FOR EARLY COMPLETION YES REBATE OFFER BY CONTRACTOR NIL

Brief Introduction of the Project

Over the years with the explosion of the population, increasing urbanization and growth in all spheres of life, growing number of court cases are putting pressure on judiciary on additional office expansion.

The project is to accommodate additional requirements of spaces for judicial functions, storage of records. Library, auditorium, conference halls, Litigants’ hall, parking etc. are taken up near judges’ chambers and courts will remain in the main building which will be connected with the new complex through underground connectivity.

Brief Introduction of the Project

The Supreme Court of India has acquired a piece of land measuring 12.19 acres across Mathura Road for its further planned expansion to accommodate additional requirements of offices, storage of records etc. However, judges’ chambers and court shall remain in the main building.

The proposed building complex is a four star GRIHA rated green building which uses fly ash bricks obtained from Construction and Demolition plant and AAC (Autoclaved Aerated Concrete) blocks. The building also features Rain Water Harvesting system and Automatic Irrigation System.

Salient features of the Project

Sanction Date - 11.07.2012 Sanction Amount - Rs 884.30 crores Total Land Area - 12.19 acres Car Parking – 1846

S.No Block Description Storeys1. Block A Library & Administration 3B+ G+52. Block B Judicial block 3B+ G+83. Block C Auditorium 3B+ G+54. Block D Lawyers & Litigants’ hall 3B+ G+85. Block E Facility block 3B+ G+86. Block F Service block 3B+ G+3

Salient features of the Project

Description Built up Area(sqm) Total (sqm)

Basement-1 31297

91639Base-2 30171

Basement-3 30171

Block A 16948

89206

Block B 41094

Block C 8757

Block D 14346

Block E 6139

Block F 1922

Car Parking

1800 In Basement

46 In open at Ground Floor

CONSTRUCTION PROCESS

Construction process is not the outcome of structural design alone. It is collaborative venture involving the client, the architect, the structural engineer, the construction engineer/ project manager and the contractor. Other specialist may also have to be consulted, with the regard to soil investigation, water supply, sanitation, fire protection, transportation, heating, ventilation, air-conditioning, acoustics, electrical services, etc. it involve three main phases Planning - It involves the architectural layout of the building. To suit the functional requirement of the client, with due regards of aesthetic, environmental and economic considerations. For this architectural drawing is introduced.


Layout of the Additional Office Complex of Supreme Court of India


Design Phase - Once the architectural drawing has been approved. The actual details of the project have to be worked out by the various structural engineer. The tasks involves Selection of the most appropriate structural system and initial

proportioning of members Estimation of load on the structure Structural analysis for the determination of the stress resultants (member

forces) and displacement induced by various load combinations. Structural Design of the actual proportions (members size and

reinforcement Details) and grades of the materials required for safety and serviceability under the calculated member forces.

Submission of the structural drawing that are detailed enough to be stamped good for construction.


Structural drawing(column schedule)


Construction phase – The plans and design conceived on paper get translated into concrete (Reality). A structure may be well planned and well-designed, but it is also has to be well built. And for this the responsibility lie only with the contractor who is entrusted with the execution. But also with the construction engineers (Executive engineer) who undertake supervision on behalf of the structural engineer.


Basement of the block c

Design Approach of the Project

Structural Modeling: 3-D model of each building is generated using STAAD-Pro software. All the beams and columns have been idealized as Beam Elements. All the shear walls have been idealized as Plate Elements. The structure is analyzed and designed for all possible combinations of gravity loads (dead and live loads) and lateral loads (earthquake loads and wind loads).


Foundation System: Raft foundation is proposed below the towers and extended basement area. The main purpose of providing the raft in the extended basement area is to resist the water pressure of 12 T/sqm, considering the bottom of foundation approx. 15.2 m below the existing ground level. Adequate measures are proposed to avoid the floating of foundation and structural system under heavy water thrust. A Winkler model is generated for each raft where soil is replaced by the equivalent springs and it is analyzed and designed for all possible load cases of gravity and lateral loads. A safe bearing capacity of 25 T/sqm has been considered for foundation at a depth of 15.2 m below existing ground level.


It is proposed that foundation is anchored in ground by suitable means so that structure should not float due to high water table. Also, during construction besides dewatering, necessary precautions shall be taken to avoid the floating of foundation in the emergency if the dewatering process stops accidently.

Measures to avoid the floating structure:


S. No. No. of floors Min. load after construction (T/sqm)

Uplift at foundation level (T/sqm)

Net uplift (T/sqm)

1. 3B 2.7 12 9.3

2. 3B+G 3.6 12 8.4

3. 3B+G+3 6.3 12 5.7

4. 3B+G+4 7.2 12 4.8

5. 3B+G+5 8.1 12 3.9

6. 3B+G+6 9.9 12 2.1

7. 3B+G+7 10.8 12 1.2

MATERIAL USED FOR CONSTRUCTION 1. CONCRETE : Concrete is the basic engineering material used in most of the civil engineering structures. Its popularity as basic building material in construction is because of, its economy of use good durability and ease with which it can be manufactured at site. The ability to mould it into any shape and size, because of its plasticity in green stage and its subsequent hardening to achieve strength, is particularly useful. Concrete like other engineering materials needs to be designed for properties like strength, durability, workability and cohesion.

MATERIAL USED FOR CONSTRUCTION

With advent of high-rise buildings and pre-stressed concrete, use of higher grades of concrete is becoming more common. Even the revised IS 456-2000 advocates use of higher grade of concrete for more severe conditions of exposure, for durability considerations. With advent of new generation admixtures, it is possible to achieve higher grades of concrete with high workability levels economically. Use of mineral admixtures like fly ash, slag, meta kaolin and silica fume have revolutionized the concrete technology by increasing strength and durability of concrete by many folds.

Mix design of concrete is becoming more relevant in the above-mentioned scenario.

Basic Ingredients of Concrete: -1. Cement – It is the basic binding material in concrete.2. Water – It hydrates cement and also makes concrete workable.


3. Coarse Aggregate – It is the basic building component of concrete.4. Fine Aggregate – Along with cement paste it forms mortar grout and fills the voids in the coarse aggregates.5. Admixtures – They enhance certain properties of concrete e.g. gain of strength, Workability, setting properties, imperviousness etcMIX DESIGN : . Concrete mix design is the science of deciding relative proportions of ingredients of concrete, to achieve the desired properties in the most economical way. Concrete is an extremely versatile building material because, it can be designed for strength ranging from M10 (10Mpa) to M100 (100 Mpa) and workability ranging from 0 mm slump to 150 mm slump. In all these cases the basic ingredients of concrete are the same, but it is their relative proportioning that makes the difference.


CONCRETING Types of cement used: PPC Grade of concrete in Slab: M25 Grade of Concrete in Beam & Column: M25 (min) Grade of Concrete of Column in Tower Zone: M40 Grade of Concrete in Non-Tower Zone: M30 Grade of Concrete in Raft Foundation: M30

COVER BLOCKS Cover block are placed to prevent the steel rods from touching the

shuttering plates and thereby providing a minimum cover. Cover block are made up of cement sand mortar (1:3). Cover should have strength similar to the surrounding concrete.


Thickness of cover block In SLAB – 25mm In BEAM – 30mm In COLUMN – 40mm In RAFT FOUNDATION At BOTTOM – 65mm At TOP – 50mm


2. REINFORCEMENT : Fe-500d grade of steel was used and refer to the ductility of the bar. High Strength deformed bar conforming to IS: 1786/2008 , grade Fe

500d. The yield strength is 500Mpa while the ultimate tensile strength is

565MPa with higher percentage elongation than Fe500.


TERMS USED IN REINFORCEMNENT : BAR BENDING SCHEDULE: Bar-bending-schedule is the schedule of

reinforcement bars prepared in advance before cutting and bending of rebars. This schedule contains all details of size, shape and dimension of rebars to be cut.

LAP LENGTH: Lap length is the length overlap of bars tied to extend the reinforcement length. Lap length about 50 times the diameter of the bar is considered safe

CHAIR: Chair to prevent joining of top and bottom reinforcement in the slab.


Reinforcements- Salient features TMT bars- IS 1786/2008 Seismic zone 3 or above- Fe 415D Crossing bars, annealed steel wire 0.9 to 1.6 mm thickness. Chairs- to prevent the joining of top and bottom reinforcements in the

slab. Fe 500D (IS 1876-2008) from primary producers such as SAIL,

TISCO, RINL and JSWL.


yield strength is 500 MPa while the ultimate tensile strength is 565 MPa with higher percentage elongation than Fe 500. Fe 500D steel rebar has easy bendability and weldability with superior reverse bending properties.

Quenching and self-tempering (QST) of the bar imparts a composite micro-structure. It has superior rib design for excellent bonding with concrete.

The reduction ratio of Fe 500D bar is more than Fe 500 bar. The low carbon content and low carbon equivalent imparts excellent weldability.

Beam : 750 mm900mm column and slabs as per structural drawing


TEMPORARY EARTH RETAINING STRUCTURES

Soil nailing is a technique to reinforce and strengthen ground adjacent to an excavation by installing closely spaced threaded steel bars called “nails”, as construction proceeds from top down. It is an effective and economical method of constructing retaining wall for excavation support, support of hill cuts, bridge abutments and highways. The nails are subjected to tension, compression, shear and bending moment. They are installed in a pattern designed to ensure both internal and external stability of the wall. The nails are prepared in-situ that retain and consolidate a mass of unstable soil by injecting cement grout.

Favorable Ground Conditions Critical excavation depth of soil is about 1-2 m high vertical or nearly

vertical cut. All soil nails within a cross section are located above ground water

table. Favorable soils- stiff to hard fine grained (clayey silts, sandy clays,

sandy silts), dense to very dense granular soils with some apparent cohesion, weathered rock with no weakness planes and glacial soils.


Machinery and Materials :

Grouting

Grout MixerDrilling Equipment


Specifications used in this project

Size of nails: 25 mm dia Tor steel bars of length 7 m. Size of MS plate: 150 mm150 mm10 mm Size of wire mesh: 50 mm50 mm U-pins used: 10mm dia Tor bars Shotcrete: 1 cement: 2 coarse sand: 2 pea sized gravel 2 layers of 25

mm thickness Drainage system: 75 mm dia PVC drainage pipe perforated at the top

and duly wrapped with geosynthetics.


Soil nailing at site The nails as per drawing shall be driven with pneumatic rammers or

any other suitable equipment in all strata of soil. Threaded end of the soil nail protruding from the wall shall be fitted by MS plate of size 150 mm150 mm10 mm and tighten with the steel nuts over wire mesh of 18 gauge size. The wire mesh shall be held in position by U-pins. The shotcrete is in the ratio of 1:2:2 as in the specifications with shotcreting of minimum thickness 50 mm shall be applied in two layers over the conditioned sloped ground surface. Drainage PVC pipes perforated at top as in the specification shall be provided each for 10 sqm area in zigzag pattern complete as per drawing No. 102/EE/SCPD-1/CPWD (Sheet 1 to 3).


Nail No. Spacing(m) Nail length Slope of nail with vertical

H V

1 0.3 0.3 7.0 10 degree2 to 4 0.6 0.6 7.0 10 degree

5 0.3 0.6 7.0 10 degree6 0.6 0.6 7.0 10 degree7 0.6 0.6 7.0 10 degree

8 to 11 0.6 0.6 7.0 10 degree12 0.6 0.6 7.0 10 degree13 0.38 0.6 7.0 10 degree

14 to 25 0.8 0.6 7.0 10 degree


SOIL ANCHORING

The purpose of the SOIL anchor is to generate a force across a structure, either to compensate for an uplift force or compress the foundation on the ground.

The water table at the Supreme Court site is high, so to keep the base raft of the Supreme Court building in position against the uplift pressure of groundwater, soil anchors are used.

The Fixed length is designed to transmit the forces to the ground, and the free length is defined according to the required volume of ground.

The prestressing force plays a vitally important role in reducing or preventing vertical movement. In case of repeated forces, it eliminates the risks of fatigue on the bonding.

The basic components of anchor include: Anchorage: The combined system of anchor head and bearing plate that transmits the

tensile load from the tendon to the surface of the ground or structure. Fixed Length: That length of the prestressing steel that is bonded to the ground, from

which the pullout capacity of the anchorage is achieved. Free Length: The part of the prestressing steel which is not bonded to the surrounding

area and is free to elongate elastically. HDPE duct pipe: Hope duct pipe is use for grouting purpose in anchoring .Two hope duct

pipe is used one is used for inner grouting and second one is used for outer grouting. Spacer Bar: Spacer bar is used to provide a space between a hope duct pipe and HDPE

wire so that does not entangled each other in grouting. It is provided at an interval of 1m throughout.

SOIL ANCHORING

SOIL ANCHORING

Boreholes are drilled with the drilling system and anchor assembly and strands to be installed is made free of dirt, detrimental dust, corrosion or any other deleterious substance.

Temporary fixing of the anchor is required to avoid movement of anchor during grouting. Suitable spacers are also provided when required to ensure that anchor assembly does not get entangled.

After the anchor is lowered, the fixed length of the anchor is grouted. Cement grouting is carried out under pressure by fixing a packer at the top of the fixed length as necessary in

accordance with the type of anchor. Stressing of strands is carried out after 14 days of grouting. When it attains the required strength, the anchor

is stressed for about 10% of the load and elongation measurements are taken beyond this range. This takes care of any seating errors.

Anchor is subsequently stressed to 10% excess load over the design load and elongation noted. After noting the elongation, the anchor is locked. Adequate care is required, during construction, so that free length of the anchor remains free to elongate.

Corrosion protection of prestressed anchors is done with grease to provide lubrication to high tensile steel tendons. Grease should be water displacing, self-healing, thixotropic and should be resistant to microbiological degradation.

SOIL ANCHORING

Anchor Specifications: Type: Permanent Fixed Length: 10 m Free Length: 10 m Total Length: 21 m Design Load: 51 ton Diameter of Borehole: 150 mm

SOIL ANCHORING

High Tensile Strand Specification: Diameter of Strand: 15.2 mm No. HTS Wire: 4 Anchor Capacity: 53MT Testing Load For Proof Test : 78MT For Performance Test : 78MT Ultimate Capacity of Anchor: 104MT Water/Cement Ratio: 0.36-0.38

SOIL ANCHORING

Testing of anchors As per Clause 11.3 of BS 8081, following tests are to be conducted on

ground anchors. Performance Test: It involves incremental loading and unloading the soil

anchor. The performance test is used to verify anchor capacity, establish load-deformation behavior, identify causes of anchor movement. The soil anchor movement is measured and recorded to the nearest 0.025 mm w.r.t. an independent fixed reference point as the alignment load and each increment of load. The load is measured with a pressure gauge.

Creep Test: It is a long duration test (approx. 8 hours) which is carried on at least 1% of working soil anchors. It is used to evaluate creep deformation of anchors.

Proof Test: It involves a single load cycle and the load hold at the test load. The proof test provides the means for evaluating the acceptability of the anchors that are not performance tested.

SOIL ANCHORING

Prestressing of anchor

SOIL ANCHORING

WATER PROOFING

Waterproofing is the treatment of the surface to prevent the passage of liquid water in the presence of hydrostatic pressure. Virtually all building envelopes, particularly below-grade areas encounter hydrostatic pressure from groundwater during the lifetime. Therefore, the use of waterproofing system is essential to preserve the water-tightness of the building envelope.

How water penetrates concrete structures?

Preprufe Grace sheet- Preprufe membranes are specifically engineered for use below basement slabs and behind vertical retaining walls. They are loosely laid thus making installation quick and easy, even on wet surfaces. Now with PreprufeZipLapTM, the application is fast and there is dual adhesive sealing for enhanced water tightness. Penny bars are installed along the top edge of the prestressed anchor penetration pipes. Preprufe membranes are also used vertically against soil retaining systems, pile or diaphragm walls.

WATER PROOFING

Preprufe Membranes

WATER PROOFING

CPWD particulars specifications- Integral Crystalline Waterproofing(BS 1802:2009)

Horizontal waterproofing at raft slabs: “Preprufe 300 R”, 1.2 mm thick fully bonded HDPE sheet is used for waterproofing treatment for raft slab. The pre-applied fully bonded HDPE sheet membrane gets bonded to the underneath of the poured concrete used as basement raft slab. It consists of aggressive pressure sensitive waterproof adhesive and weather resisting coating which bonds integrally with poured concrete of base slab.

Properties of Membrane: Resists hydrostatic pressure up to 70 m head of water as per ASTM D5385. Puncture resistance: 990 N Adhesion to concrete: 2.88 N/mm Tensile strength: 27.60 MPa The membrane is installed with standard 75 mm selvedge lapse and 75 mm end lapse taped with Preprufe Tape HC. The membrane is laid over the concrete binding having uniformly clean surface including necessary overlaps between the

membranes with Preprufe tape. Prestressed anchor penetration is to be sealed with Preprufe tape and Bituthene liquid. Adcor 500 S is placed at the centre wrapping all around the anchor sleeve stuck with suitable adhesive.

WATER PROOFING

Waterproofing at site- Block D

WATER PROOFING

VACUUM DEWATERED FLOORING

The Vacuum Dewatered Flooring method is a system for laying high quality concrete floors with superior cost-effectiveness. The key to the use of this method is dewatering of concrete by vacuum process. Surplus water from the concrete is removed immediately after placing in vibration, reducing the w/c ratio to an optimum level.

FOUNDATION

LAYING OF PCC : After the process of excavation laying of plain cement concrete that is

PCC is done. A layer of 4 inches (100mm) was made in such a manner that it was not mixed with soil.

It also provides a solid base for the raft foundation. Plain concrete is vibrated to achieve full compaction.

LAYING OF FOUNDATION : At this site Raft Foundation are used to spread the load from a structure

over a large area Raft foundation is used when large load is to be distributed and it is not

possible to provide individual footings due to space constraints that are they would overlap on each other.

Raft foundations have the advantage of reducing differential settlements as the concrete slab resists differential movements between loading positions.

Raft foundation needed on soft or loose soils with low bearing capacity as they can spread the loads over a larger area.

FOUNDATION

FOUNDATION

FOUNDATION DETAILING : Grade of Concrete Used – M30 Raft Depth 1. In Tower Zone – 1.4m – 1.6m 2. In Non-Tower Zone – 1m

FOUNDATION

SOME IMPORTANT STRUCTURAL DRAWINGS

EXCAVATION PLAN

column schedule


Column layout


ANCHOR LAYOUT


Beam detail


Retaining wall


THANK YOU BY

SUBMITTED BY ABHISHEK SINGH (GU13R0191)

3RD YEAR (UNDER GRADUATION) DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

SAHARANPUR, UTTAR PRADESH - 247001

supreme court additonal complex project

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