Supportive Eyes

8/9/2019 Supportive Eyes

1/151

\\\$ RWQQK^S@VG GPGR $K^L

E bkdbgqs `d Qg~rkd Bgds~gc Qhedd`dl fk~ smg>5rs Bgdsw~p


2/151

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s~edrfk~ies kd k~ e~s`rs`b dsg~q~gses`kd$ Sk n~kecbers sm`r nkkj( s `r ewsmk~`zgcsk bkqp( c`rs~`nwsg( bkiiwd`besg edc c`l`sehhp rgdc `s( er hkdl er smg bkdsgdsr

e~g dks bmedlgc `d edp |ep edc smg ewsmk~r e~g `dc`besgc edc ~gie`dwdbmedlgc$ Sm`r nkkj iep kdhp ng s~edrhesgc `dsk ksmg~ hedlwelgr |`sm smg

g}q~grr ewsmk~`sp kf smg Eceqse Fkwdces`kd$

@RND52?0


4/151


5/151

Bkdsgdsr

Fk~g|k~c [[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[ 5rs Bgdsw~p$ [[[[[[ 0

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N@NH@KL^EQMP [[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[ G~~k~% Ie~beck~ dk cgf`d`ck$


6/151

Ebjdk|hgclgigdsr?

Smedjr sk ehh smg iging~r kf smg Ews`ri edc Hge~d`dl

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q~kl~eiigr( smg bkdbgqs`kd edc cgvghkqigds kf sm`r skkh |kwhc dksmevg nggd qkrr`nhg$ Sk smg K~edlg Fkwdces`kd edc smg Rkbèh \k~j kfsmg BEI fk~ smg`~ rwqqk~s$

Sk uwksg sm`r iesg~èh bk~~gbshp smg fkhhk|`dl ~gfg~gdbgr iwrs ngwrgc?

Rgv`hhe( O: Enghhd( ^: Mg~~g~e( L: Qe~ck( B: Berer( ]: Fg~ddcgz(^ ->110) |||$rwqqk~s`vggpgr$k~l? E bkdbgqs `d Qg~rkd Bgds~gc

Qhedd`dl fk~ smg >5rs Bgdsw~p$ Qwnh`rmgc np smg Eceqse Fkwdces`kd$

Wd`vg~r`sp kf Vehgdbè( Ews`rik v`he( Ews`rik Nw~lkr p S`rres$

B^GC@SR

Ehh kf smg qgkqhg |mk e~g ~grqkdr`nhg fk~ sm`r skkh |k~j `d smgWd`vg~r`sp kf Vehgdbè?

Sgbmd`beh Iedelgigds edc K~`l`deh@cge

Oev`g~ Rgv`hheLg~e~ck Mg~~g~e

@$S Cgvghkqigds Oev`g~ Rgv`hhe]ev`g~ Berer^wnd Fg~ddcgz

\gn Cgr`ld edc @hhwrs~es`kdr Be~hkr Qe~ckQgcelkl`beh Cgvghkqigds êuwgh Enghhd

Lg~e~ck Mg~~g~eEwc`kv`rweh Q~kcwbs kd Grsmg~ Lk`l

Qmkskl~eqmp Be~hkr Bgn~`dNkkj Bkiqkr`s`kd êuwgh Enghhd

Lg~e~ck Mg~~g~eGdlh`rm S~edrhes`kd V`bsk~è Cwighk|Sg}s ~gv`r`kd -W$N`~i`dlmei) ^`se Ok~ced


7/151

Fk~g|k~c@s |er kdhp e fg| pge~r elk smes Qg~rkd Bgds~gc Qhedd`dl |er

cgvghkqgc f~ki e rgs kf rs~esgl`gr b~gesgc ve~`kwr cgbecgr ngfk~g fk~

qgkqhg |mk |g~g dks ~gbg`v`dl smg kqqk~swd`s`gr smes smgp cgrg~vgc skgdenhg smgi sk qe~s`b`qesg `d rkb`gsp$

@d sm`r rmk~s nws `dsgdrg qg~`kc kf sìg( |g mevg s~`gc sk bkds`dwghge~d`dl er iwbm er qkrr`nhg enkws QBQ edc mk| `s mer gvkhvgc kvg~smg pge~r( |`sm smk~kwlm `dvgrs`les`kd sm~kwlm smg g}qg~`gdbgr kf smgngdgf`bè~`gr( smg fei`h`gr edc smg q~kfgrr`kdehr$ \g mevg jdk|d iedpc~geir |m`bm mevg ngbkig ~geh`sp( iedp rsk~`gr kf qg~rkdehìq~kvgigds( iedp bmedlgr sk smg h`fgrsphg edc gdv`~kdigds kf smgrg

qgkqhg$ Nws |g rs`hh mevg e hks sk hge~d\`sm sm`r hge~d`dl bw~vg smes |g jdk| `r dgvg~ gdc`dl( |g mevg s~`gc skecc kw~ l~e`d kf redc sk smg guwes`kd( ecc`dl sm`r `dl~gc`gds kf dg|sgbmdkhkl`gr$ \`sm sm`r( |g |eds edc |kwhc h`jg sk q~kiksg edcgdbkw~elg smg wrg kf Qg~rkd Bgds~gc Qhedd`dl fk~ smg ie}ìwidwing~ kf bm`hc~gd( eckhgrbgdsr( ecwhsr edc ghcg~hp qgkqhg |mk iepngdgf`s f~ki `s `d rkig |ep$ Sm`r |kwhc ehrk ng g}sgdcgc sk ehh kf smgfei`h`gr( q~kfgrr`kdehr( f~`gdcr ehh kf smkrg qgkqhg |mk smg

ngdgf`bè~`gr |kwhc h`jg sk ng rwqqk~sgc np$\`sm c~geir qg~iedgdshp v`r`nhg kd smg mk~`zkd( sm`r q~kogbs mer nggdsmg c`~gbs`kd kf kw~ sgei sm~kwlmkws sm`r qg~`kc$ Kw~ c~gei merngbkig ~geh`sp |`sm smg hewdbm kf kw~ |gn qelg( |m`bm |g mevg behhgcRwqqk~s`vg Gpgr ( |m`bm h`jg ehh Qg~rkd Bgds~gc Qhedd`dl skkhr( `renkws mghq`dl sk fwhf`h c~geir$ @r `s qkrr`nhg sk ìel`dg e ik~g fedsers`bc~gei smed |mgd e skkh `r b~gesgc sk ~gebm pkw~ c~gei;

\g e~g e hkdl |ep f~ki sm`dj`dl smes |g mevg ebm`gvgc sm`r( nws gvgdfw~smg~ e|ep f~ki enedckd`dl sm`r c~gei$ \mes |g bed rep `r smes gebmedc gvg~pkdg kdg kf kw~ sgei mer nggd cgc`besgc sk sm`r q~kogbs edc |gmevg |k~jgc me~c( sklgsmg~ sk b~gesg sm`r skkh$ \g mkqg smes sm`r skkh|`hh ng |`sm`d gerp ~gebm fk~ smg ~gecg~ edc smes `s |`hh ng e bkds~`nws`dlfebsk~ sk iej`dl bmedlgr edc ìq~kvgigdsr( |m`bm e~g rs`hh rkdgbgrre~p `d smg h`vgr edc rw~~kwdc`dlr kf iedp qgkqhg skcep$

Smg ewsmk~r kf |||$rwqqk~s`vggpgr$k~l


8/151


9/151

F`~rs bmeqsg~

\mes `r Qg~rkd Bgds~gc Qhedd`dl;

Ngfk~g eqq~kebm`dl `d fwhh smg bkdbgqs kf Qg~rkd Bgds~gcQhedd`dl( |g e~g lk`dl sk ~gv`g| smg q~`db`qhgr kf `dbhwr`kd( |`sm |m`bmQBQ mer e bhkrg ~ghes`kdrm`q$ Er |g rgg sm~kwlmkws sm`r nkkj( `dbhwr`kd`r es smg reig sìg e igedr edc ed gdc `d Qg~rkd Bgds~gc Qhedd`dl$

@dbhwr`kd

Sm~kwlmkws smg hers fg| cgbecgr c`ffg~gds rs~esgl`gr edcigsmkcr mevg nggd cgvghkqgc `d fevkw~ kf `dbhwr`kd( fk~ edp qg~rkd|mk f`dcr smgirghvgr `d e r`swes`kd kf g}bhwr`kd k~ es ~`rj kf ng`dlg}bhwcgc$

Smgrg rs~esgl`gr eckqs c`ffg~gds fk~iwher cgqgdc`dl kd smgf`ghcr `d |m`bm smgp e~g cgvghkqgc edc ìqhgigdsgc?

@d smg f`ghc kf gcwbes`kd `dbhwr`kd `r bgds~gc ~kwdc smg bkdbgqsr(vehwgr edc rs~esgl`gr kf smg rbmkkh k~led`res`kd edc smg bherr~kki ng`dlfwdceigdseh `d kffg~`dl c`vg~r`sp -fwdbs`kdeh( bwhsw~eh gsb)$

@d smg |k~j qhebg( `dbhwr`kd `r c`~gbsgc sk feb`h`sesg smg`dsgl~es`kd kf ehh qgkqhg( `dbhwc`dl smkrg smes mevg lgdg~eh`zgc rwqqk~sdggcr( |`sm`d k~c`de~p nwr`dgrrgr -kqqkrgc sk oknr |m`bm e~g `d eq~ksgbsgc gdv`~kdigds)$

\mgd rkb`gsp `r bkdr`cg~gc er e |mkhg( `s `r ìqk~seds smes smgqkh`s`bèdr |mk e~g ~grqkdr`nhg fk~ gebm lkvg~digds( cgvghkq |m`hrs

sej`dl `dsk ebbkwds e rg~`gr kf `dbhwr`vg vehwgr edc ik~gkvg~ smes smgpcgvghkq qkh`b`gr grqgbèhhp c`~gbsgc sk fevkw~ `dbhwr`kd$ Smg qkh`b`gredc he|r kf guweh`sp edc kqqk~swd`sp( smg ~`lms sk vksg fk~ qgkqhg |mkk~`l`desg f~ki ksmg~ qhebgr( he|r kf wd`vg~reh ebbgrr`n`h`sp( smgrg e~grkig kf smg g}eiqhgr kf qkh`b`gr smes cgvghkq k~ bed ng be~~`gc kws kd


10/151

F`~rs Bmeqsg~ 51

smg ner`r kf `dbhwr`kd$ WDGRBKr |k~j sk|e~cr sm`r eì `r ehrk edìqk~seds r`cg sk sm`r$ Z5Y Z>Y Z2Y Z3Y$

@d lgdg~eh( smg igsmkckhkl`gr cgrs`dgc sk fevkw~ `dbhwr`kd(~esmg~ smed ~`l`c q~kskbkhr sk fkhhk|( `dvkhvg fhg}`nhg rs~esgl`gr |m`bm

e~g eceqsenhg sk e l~ges ve~`gsp kf bkdc`s`kdr( |m`bm bed gvgd`dbk~qk~esg rselgr `d |m`bm smg qg~rkd sw~dr sk smg q~ksgbsgcgdv`~kdigds |`sm q~gv`kwr bme~ebsg~ kf ~geh `dsgl~es`kd( |mg~g mghq `rwrwehhp l`vgd$

E ~guw`~gigds fk~ `dbhwr`kd `r `dsg~vgds`kd f~ki e pkwdl elg$ @dsm`r rgdrg( k~led`res`kdr rwbm er rbmkkhr be~~p kws ed ìqk~seds rkbèhfwdbs`kd( eqqhp e rsìwhes`kd q~kbgrr( nksm dws~`s`vg edc bwhsw~eh smesrkbèh`zgr `dc`v`cwehr er smgp l~k| wq( b~ges`dl smg en`h`sp edc igsmkcr

sk grsenh`rm e ~ghes`kdrm`q( rmeq`dl smgi fk~ ecwhs h`fg$ @s `r v`sehsmg~gfk~g( smes rbmkkhr kffg~ ed gdv`~kdigds |`sm `dbhwr`vg vehwgr$

Gcwbes`kd `r e ~`lms fk~ gvg~pkdg `d smg |k~hc Z7Y edc rk `r smgìqk~sedbg sk ~gbkld`rg edc fkrsg~ gcwbes`kdeh `dbhwr`kd Z3Y$ \g beddksgiqmer`rg gdkwlm smg ìqk~sedbg kf l~k|`dl wq `d ed `dbhwr`vg rbmkkhrk smes smg rkb`gsp( |m`bm |g ehh fk~i qe~s kf( ehrk ngbkigr ed `dbhwr`vgkdg$

Cgvghkq`dl gcwbes`kdeh `dbhwr`kd Z6Y ìqh`gr?^gcwb`dl ehh fk~ir kf g}bhwr`kd Ngr`cgr ~gfg~~`dl sk smgik~g knv`kwr spqgr kf c`rb~ì`des`kd( g}bhwr`kd ~gfg~r sk ehhspqgr kf q~grrw~g( sgiqk~e~p k~ hkdl hers`dl( smes ìqgcg fwhhqe~s`b`qes`kd$ Smgrg bed k~`l`desg `d? ~ghes`kdrm`q c`ff`bwhs`grngs|ggd bm`hc~gd( ngs|ggd smg q~kfgrr`kdehr `dvkhvgc `d smgc`ffg~gds rg~v`bgr( ngs|ggd smg bm`hc~gd edc smg q~kfgrr`kdehrk~ |`sm`d smg fei`hp: q~knhgir |`sm ebs`v`s`gr smes e~g dks

~ghesgc sk smg bm`hc~gdr `dsg~grs: k~ |`sm smg fggh`dlr smesqgkqhg iep mevg( |mgd smgp ck dks fggh vehwgc |`sm`d smg`~rbmkkh$ @dbhwr`kd `r cgc`besgc sk i`dì`zg ehh kf rgsr kfne~~`g~r( edc gdbkw~elg hge~d`dl edc qe~s`b`qes`kd fk~ ehhbm`hc~gd$

@s `r ìqk~seds smg~gfk~g( sk bkdr`cg~ smes qgkqhg |mk e~g es ~`rjkf g}bhwr`kd( bkig eb~krr rgsr kf ne~~`g~r |mgd qhep`dl( hge~d`dl edcqe~s`b`qes`dl Z


11/151

\mes `r QBQ; 55

`dc`v`cwehr( edc rk( `d sm`r |ep qe~s`b`qes`kd |`hh ng ger`g~( er |ghh erhge~d`dl edc qhep`dl$

Sm`r `cge( |m`bm giqmer`rgr bkdsg}sweh ne~~`g~r edc dks smg rswcgds k~qg~rkd ehkdg( bed eqqhp sk ehh f`ghcr edc elgr$ \g bkdr`cg~ smes qgkqhg

bkig eb~krr rkbèh ne~~`g~r |`sm`d smg c`ffg~gds bkdsg}sr |mg~g smgp e~gsej`dl qe~s$ F~ki smg nkp k~ l`~h |mk beddks ebbgrr smg wrweh rbmkkhbkdsg}s( wq sk smg ecwhsr |mk beddks lgs e res`rfebsk~p okn k~ |mk bkigeb~krr ne~~`g~r |mgd s~p`dl sk ebbgrr dg| sgbmdkhklp$

Smg fkhhk|`dl `hhwrs~es`kd ~gq~grgdsr sm`r bmedlg `d qm`hkrkqmp$Smg ìelg kd smg hgfs ~gq~grgdsr ed `cge bgds~gc kdhp kd smg c`ff`bwhs`grkf smg qg~rkd$ @d smg ìelg kd smg ~`lms( kw~ v`r`kd `r bgds~gc kd smgne~~`g~r smes e~g fkwdc `d smg c`ffg~gds bkdsg}sr |mg~g e qg~rkdr h`fg

wdfkhcr$

Qg~rkd |`sm c`ren`h`sp Qg~rkd |mk bkigr eb~krr

ne~~`g~r `d smg c`ffg~gds rg~v`bgr

@hhwrs~es`kd 5? Ne~~`g~r kf hge~d`dl edc qe~s`b`qes`kd$

Kdg kf smg `drs~wigdsr fk~ fevkw~`dl `dbhwr`kd smes bkwdsr er eieok~ hgvgh kf cgvghkqigds `ds~kcwbgc `dsk smg gcwbes`kdeh f`ghc `rjdk|d er Smg @dcg} fk~ `dbhwr`kd Z6Y Z=Y$ @s `r e rgs kf iesg~èhr sklw`cg rbmkkhr sm~kwlm e q~kbgrr kf `dbhwr`vg rbmkkh cgvghkqigds(sm~kwlm e bkhhenk~es`kd kf ~gv`g|( qhedd`dl edc ìqhgigdses`kd$

Fkhhk|`dl smg edehklp wrgc np smg ewsmk~r kf sm`r `drs~wigds( `srcìgdr`kdr ~gq~grgds e qp~ei`c `d |m`bm smg `dbhwr`vg q~ebs`bgr edcqkh`b`gr bed cgvghkq edc gvkhvg kvg~ ed `dbhwr`vg bwhsw~eh nerg$ @s bed ngre`c smes sm`r q~`db`qhg `r g}sgdcenhg sk ehh f`ghcr rk smes smg `dbhwr`vgq~ebs`bgr edc qkh`b`gr e~g sk ng vènhg edc hkdlhers`dl( sk lk ngpkdc


12/151

F`~rs Bmeqsg~ 5>

ig~g q~gb`rg ebs`kdr( `s `r dgbgrre~p smes smg vehwgr kf `dbhwr`kd e~gcggqhp ìngccgc `d kw~ bwhsw~g$

@hhwrs~es`kd 5? Smg @dcg} fk~ @dbhwr`kd Z6Y $

Er smg |ep |g sehj enkws bkdsg}sweh ne~~`g~r |g iwrs ehrkecowrs kw~ hedlwelg |mgd ~gfg~~`dl sk bg~se`d spqgr kf qkqwhes`kd(grqgbèhhp `d smg e~ge kf c`ren`h`sp$ Sm~kwlmkws sm`r nkkj |g |`hh wrg smgsg~i qgkqhg |`sm fwdbs`kdeh c`vg~r`sp Z0Y |m`bm rwnrs`swsgr smgqm~erg qgkqhg |`sm c`ren`h sp$ \g smg~gfk~g eqq~kvg kf smg q~kqkreh

smes Fk~wi kf @dcgqgdcgds H`fg ~gq~grgdsr `d Rqe`d$ Smg dg|sg~i`dkhklp |m`bm rse~sgc ng`dl wrgc `d >117( ehhk|gc wr sk ~gikvgdgles`vg vehwg bkddkses`kdr rwbm er medc`beqqgc( c`renhgc( `dveh`cedc ksmg~r smes mevg nggd wrgc wds`h smg q~grgds cep$ Smg bkdbgqs kffwdbs`kdeh c`vg~r`sp `d ~geh`sp ìqh`gr e qg~rkd |mk fwdbs`kdr `d ec`ffg~gds k~ c`vg~rg |ep sk smg ieok~`sp kf rkb`gsp Z0Y( sm`r ckgr dksìqhp smes smgp e~g hgrr veh`c( kdhp c`ffg~gds$ Fwdbs`kdeh c`vg~r`sp ehhk|rwr sk eckqs e bkdsg}sweh edc rkbèh qg~rqgbs`vg( dks fkbwr`dl rkhghp kd

smg c`ff`bwhs`gr kf smg qg~rkd( nws ik~g sk eckqs`dl e |`cg~ v`r`kd smesehhk|r wr sk ~g`dfk~bg smg bkdbgqs kf c`vg~r`sp( smg ~`bmdgrr kf mwied`sp(e v`r`kd |`smkws g}bhwr`kd Z51Y$

Mk|gvg~( |g iwrs dks fk~lgs smes kd kbber`kdr henghr bed revgh`vgr Z55Y$ H`jg fk~ g}eiqhg( |g bed edehprg |mes meqqgdgc cw~`dl smgpge~r |`sm Ews`ri Rqgbs~wi C`rk~cg~r$ @d sm`r edc `d iedp ksmg~ bergr(`s ~grwhsgc fwdceigdseh sk jdk| smg g}`rsgdbg kf e bkdb~gsg c`rk~cg~ rksmes ecguwesg rwqqk~s qhedr bkwhc ng iecg edc ehrk |mgd sk |k~j `d

smg bkdsg}s kf Qg~rkd Bgds~gc Qhedd`dl$ Fkhhk|`dl sm`r g}eiqhg( e bm`hc|`sm ews`ri |mkrg gdv`~kdigds `r wde|e~g smes mg k~ rmg mer ews`ri(iep ~grwhs `d smgi ngbki`dl v`bsì sk `dsg~q~gses`kd i`rsejgr cwg sksmg`~ ngmev`kw~( |m`bm bed hgec sk smgi ng s~gesgc np igdseh mgehsmrg~v`bgr( qkrr`nhp |`sm igc`bes`kd smes bed qws smg`~ mgehsm es ~`rj( sm`rng`dl e iwbm ik~g f~guwgds kbbw~~gdbg `d smg qers$ Smg q~gv`kwr


13/151

\mes `r QBQ; 52

g}eiqhgr e~g fkwdc ehikrs er e |mkhg sm~kwlmkws ehh kf smg fwdbs`kdehc`vg~r`sp bkdc`s`kdr smes |g jdk|$ Smg~gfk~g( `s `r lkkc sk s~ges henghredc cèldkrgr nws dgvg~ sk sejg sm`r er e r`ld kf smg qg~rkdr `cgds`sp|`sm |mki |g e~g |k~j`dl$ @s `r ìqk~seds sk qws `sr g}`rsgdbg kd~gbk~c rk smes `d ehh bergr smgrg c`ff`bwhs`gr bed ng jgqs `d i`dc es smgsìg kf qhedd`dl edc kffg~`dl rwqqk~s$

Smg rs~esgl`gr smes fevkw~ `dbhwr`kd e~g ehrk c`~gbsgc sk|e~crksmg~ l~kwqr es ~`rj kf g}bhwr`kd( h`jg qgkqhg k~`l`des`dl f~ki ksmg~qhebgr k~ bkdsg}sr$ Sm`r `r |mp `s `r wrwehhp jdk|d er( edc |mp |g ~gfg~sk `s er( bwhsw~eh c`vg~r`sp$ Smg qg~rqgbs`vg bkdr`cg~gc wq wds`h dk|(giqmer`rgr e ner`b erqgbs fk~ e qg~rkd bgds~gc ikcgh( smg dgbgrr`sp smesrkb`gsp nge~r `d i`dc qgkqhgr c`ffg~gds |epr kf |k~j`dl( smg cgiedc

fk~ `dbhwr`vg rkb`gs`gr |m`bm ~grqgbs edc ebbgqs c`ffg~gdbgr$ \g dggcrbmkkhr edc rkb`gs`gr |m`bm e~g rgdr`s`vg sk c`ffg~gdbgr$ Qg~rkd Bgds~gcQhedd`dl kffg~r e ikcgh edc e qm`hkrkqmp sk bkds~`nwsg sk sm`r ~guw`~gcrgdr`s`v`sp( `s gdbkw~elgr wr sk qws `dsk q~ebs`bg smg rs~esgl`gr edckqqk~swd`s`gr fk~ `dbhwr`kd fk~ smg qgkqhg smes e~g `d dggc kf rwqqk~s$QBQ ok`dr sklgsmg~ smg q~`db`qhgr kf `dbhwr`kd$

Qg~rkd Bgds~gc Qhedd`dl

\mes `r QBQ;

Smg qg~rkd bgds~gc ikcgh mer nggd |`cghp cgvghkqgc `d smgWd`sgc Rsesgr kf Eig~`be( Ewrs~ehè( Bedece edc Smg Wd`sgc J`dlcki(edc es q~grgds `r `d g}qedr`kd sm~kwlmkws smg |mkhg kf Gw~kqg$

Qg~rkd Bgds~gc Qhedd`dl( ~gfg~~gc sk er QBQ( iep ~gie`d edwdjdk|d bkdbgqs fk~ iedp$ Mk|gvg~( `sr wrg `r dks ~grs~`bsgc k~ f`}gcsk qe~s`bwhe~ b`~bhgr kf q~kfgrr`kdehr$ Smg qg~rkd bgds~gc ikcgh `r kdg

smes `r wrgfwh fk~ ehh kf rkb`gsp( gig~l`dl `d smg bkiiwd`sp |`sm smgcgiedc smes ehh qgkqhg mevg e ~`lms sk qe~s`b`qesg$

QBQ ehhk|r wr sk iejg q~ebs`beh rs~esgl`gr( `s `r smg jgp |m`bmgdenhgr wr sk |k~j sk|e~cr e ik~g `dbhwr`vg rkb`gsp edc sk mghq qgkqhg|mk e~g es ~`rj kf rkbèh g}bhwr`kd fggh smes smgp e~g vehwgc edc e~g enhgsk f`dc smg`~ qhebg `d smg |k~hc$ Sm`r igedr smes `dc`v`cwehr bed mevg evehwgc ~khg |`sm`d smg`~ ìigcèsg gdv`~kdigds( |mg~g smgp h`vg edc|mg~g smg`~ h`fg |`hh wdfkhc$ Ngsm Ikwds mer mec e hkdl s~eogbsk~p `d smg

e~ge kf QBQ edc sm`r `r |mes rmg |~`sgr enkws qgkqhg |`sm dgbgrr`s`gr fk~rwqqk~s?

Smg grrgdbg kf QBQ `r sk h`rsgd bhkrghp sk qgkqhgr mge~sr


14/151

F`~rs Bmeqsg~ 53

edc |`sm smgi ìel`dg smg |k~hc e ngssg~ qhebg |mg~g smgpfggh vehwgc( |mg~g smgp bkds~`nwsg edc nghkdl `d smes |k~hcZ5>Y$

Dk|ecepr QBQ `r e ikcgh |m`bm `r nebjgc wq np e rkh`c

smgk~gs`beh e~lwigds( er |ghh er ed gvg~ `db~ger`dl dwing~ kf q~ebs`beheqqh`bes`kdr$ G}qg~ìgdseh rswc`gr eh~gecp g}`rs( |m`bm rmk| gv`cgdbgsmes smg `dc`v`cweh k~ qg~rkd bgds~gc qhedd`dl( kffg~r qkr`s`vg ngdgf`sredc bkds~`nwsgr sk e ngssg~ uweh`sp kf h`fg Z52Y Z53Y$ @d sm`r |ep( fk~g}eiqhg( smg~g e~g ~grwhsr |m`bm eh~gecp rmk| mk| QBQ mer ìq~kvgch`fg g}qg~`gdbgr fk~ qgkqhg |`sm fwdbs`kdeh c`vg~r`sp( `dbhwc`dl smkrg|mk beig eb~krr he~lg ne~~`g~r fk~ eceqs`dl smg`~ ngmev`kw~ `d rkbèhgdv`~kdigdsr Z57Y Z56Y$

\mes `r smg bgds~eh `cge kf QBQ;

Smg ie`d bkdbgqs kf QBQ `r smes smg qg~rkd sk |mki rwqqk~s `rc`~gbsgc iwrs ng smg ie`d( bgds~eh bme~ebsg~ kf smg q~kbgrr( |m`bm `r|mp |g ~gfg~ sk smgi er smg bgds~eh qg~rkd( e |`cghp wrgc bkdbgqsedc ed ìqk~seds kdg |`sm`d smg qg~rkd bgds~gc ikcgh$ Smgp e~g jdk|der sm`r ngbewrg smgp e~g smg kdgr |mk mkhc smg ~g`dr sk smg`~ k|d h`fg(|mk mevg ed ebs`vg ~khg edc |mk e~g h`rsgdgc sk( ehh |`sm smg rwqqk~s kf

smg qgkqhg |mk rw~~kwdc smgi$ Sm`r `r smg q~`db`qhg `cge kf QBQ( eqm`hkrkqmp nergc kd |mes `r ~gehhp |edsgc np smg qg~rkd edc dks owrskd |mes ksmg~r |eds fk~ smgi$ Edc sm`r( fk~ g}eiqhg `d smg f`ghc kffwdbs`kdeh c`vg~r`sp igedr e r`ld`f`beds bmedlg$ Smg q~kfgrr`kdehr( smgfei`hp edc smkrg |mk rw~~kwdc iedp kf smgrg qgkqhg( e~g wrgc skc`~gbs`dl iessg~r `d smg`~ h`vgr( fk~ g}eiqhg( |mes smgp mevg sk ck(|mg~g smgp mevg h`vg k~ |mes |k~j smgp rmkwhc ck$ Smgp ehrk cgb`cg kdcep sk cep iessg~r rwbm er |mes bhksmgr smgp rmkwhc |ge~( |mes sk mevgfk~ n~gejfers edc |mg~g smgp mevg sk lk$ QBQ gdbkw~elgr wr sk b~gesg edg| fwsw~g qhed( |mg~g smg bgds~eh qg~rkd `r smg kdg |mk sejgr ed ebs`vg~khg edc iejgr cgb`r`kdr kd smg ìqk~seds iessg~r `d smg`~ h`vgr(`dcgqgdcgdshp kf smg`~ beqeb`s`gr k~ smg qkrr`nhg bkdsg}sweh ne~~`g~r smesiep q~grgds smgirghvgr$ QBQ mghqr wr sk sm`dj enkws smgrg c`ff`bwhs`gredc enkws mk| sk cgvghkq rs~esgl`gr sk kvg~bkig smgi$

\mk `r QBQ c`~gbsgc es;

QBQ `r c`~gbsgc sk|e~cr c`ffg~gds l~kwqr( `dbhwc`dl qgkqhg |`smfwdbs`kdeh c`vg~r`sp( ghcg~hp qgkqhg( wdcg~q~`v`hglgc ecwhsr edc pkwdlqgkqhg( qgkqhg wdcg~ smg rbkqg kf igdseh mgehsm( qgkqhg f~ki ksmg~bwhsw~eh bkdsg}sr( rkbèh k~ ~gh`l`kwr @s `r enkws smg qgkqhg |mkgdbkwdsg~ ne~~`g~r sk `dsgl~esg `dsk rkb`gsp edc smg~gfk~g( |mkrgcgb`r`kdr enkws smg`~ h`fg edc e~g iecg `d q~`vesg( sej`dl smg ~g`dr(


15/151

\mes `r QBQ; 57

cgb`c`dl edc k~led`r`dl smg`~ k|d h`vgr edc qe~s`b`qes`dl `d smgiedelgigds kf smg rg~v`bgr ~guw`~gc$ QBQ `r c`~gbsgc sk ehh kf smkrgqgkqhg |mk ~guw`~g e h`fg qhed fk~ smg`~ fwsw~g edc |mk ~guw`~gerr`rsedbg sk knse`d `s$

\mes e~g smg fwdceigdseh vehwgr kf QBQ;

Smg fwdceigdseh vehwgr kf smg qg~rkd bgds~gc ikcgh e~g Z5


16/151

F`~rs Bmeqsg~ 56

Nergc kd qg~rkdeh ~grwhsr$ Sm~kwlmkws smg qhed( smg bgds~ehqg~rkd iwrs `db~gerg bg~se`d g}qg~`gdbgr( fk~ g}eiqhg? ik~g rkbèh~ghes`kdrm`qr( e n`llg~ qe~s`b`qes`kd `d r`ld`f`beds ebs`v`s`gr( sk ìq~kvgsmg`~ rkbèh ~ghes`kdrm`qr( gsb$

\mes e~g smg knogbs`vgr kf QBQ;

QBQr knogbs`vg `r sk ìq~kvg smg uweh`sp kf h`fg fk~ smg qgkqhgsmes gdbkwdsg~ ne~~`g~r edc fk~ smgi sk qe~s`b`qesg `d smg bkdsg}s `d|m`bm smgp h`vg k~ |m`bm rw~~kwdcr smgi$ E ngssg~ uweh`sp kf h`fg ehrkbkds~`nwsgr sk kqsì`r`dl smg uweh`sp kf h`fg fk~ smg fei`hp edc smkrgbhkrg np$ QBQ mghqr `dc`v`cwehr sk c`rbkvg~ |mk smgp e~g( mk| smg`~ h`fg|er `d smg qers( edc sk eì sk iejg e qkrr`nhg edc qkr`s`vg qg~rqgbs`vg

fk~ smg fwsw~g( s|k vg~p ìqk~seds bme~ebsg~`rs`br |mgd |k~j`dl kwsqg~rkdeh qhedr fk~ smg fwsw~g$

Smg knogbs`vgr smes iwrs ng fkhhk|gc |mgd smg qhed `r c~e|d wqiwrs ehrk ng eceqsgc fk~ gebm `dc`v`cweh( cgqgdc`dl kd |mes `r dggcgc`d smg`~ h`fg$ Cgrq`sg sm`r( gvg~p qhed iwrs c~`vg smg `dc`v`cwehg}qg~`gdbg f~ki e fg| fwdceigdseh qk`dsr$ Smgrg |`hh ng cgrb~`ngcnghk|$ Smgp e~g vehwgr smes e~g q~grgds sm~kwlmkws smg h`sg~esw~g kfQBQ( rwbm er |mes e~g smg knogbs`vgr fk~ smkrg sk|e~cr |mki smg qhedr

e~g c`~gbsgc Z>1Y Z>5Y Z>>Y? Sk q~kiksg `dfk~ieh edc desw~eh( hkbeh rwqqk~s sk `db~gerg

qe~s`b`qes`kd edc q~grgdbg `d smg bgds~eh qg~rkdr bkiiwd`sp$ Fk~ sm`r(kdg rmkwhc iejg rw~g smes smgp mevg kqqk~swd`s`gr sk qe~s`b`qesg `dce`hp ebs`v`s`gr `d smg`~ rw~~kwdc`dlr$ G}eiqhgr e~g? sk v`r`s hkbeh rmkqrsk ck smg rmkqq`dl( sk essgdc bkiiwd`sp gvgdsr( sk sehj |`sm smgdg`lmnkw~r( sk ges `d ~grsew~edsr |`sm f~`gdcr( sk lk beiq`dl edc+k~v`r`s qhebgr kf `dsg~grs sk smgi$ @d smg reig |ep er fk~ gvg~pnkcp( smgrg

ebs`v`s`gr bkddgbs e qg~rkd |`sm smg`~ bkiiwd`sp edc kffg~ ìqk~sedskqqk~swd`s`gr sk fk~i qe~s kf e |`cg~ dgs|k~j$

Sk knse`d edc ie`dse`d r`ld`f`beds ~ghes`kdrm`qr$ E lkeh kf smgie`d q~kbgrr kf QBQ `r sk `db~gerg smg uweh`sp edc uweds`sp kf rkbèh~ghes`kdrm`qr$ Iedp qgkqhg |`sm fwdbs`kdeh c`vg~r`sp ~ghesg sk qgkqhg|mk e~g meqqp sk rqgdc sìg |`sm smgi edc kd e fg| kbber`kdr smgpe~g gdbkw~elgc sk mevg ~ghes`kdrm`qr |`sm qgkqhg |mk e~g rì`he~ sksmgirghvgr$ Smg QBQr q~kbgrr rmkwhc rwqqk~s smg bgds~eh qg~rkd edcsmg`~ cgvghkqigds kf res`rfebsk~p edc mgehsmp ~ghes`kdrm`qr |`sm`d smg`~fei`hp( smg`~ f~`gdcr edc smkrg |mk smgp jdk| |ghh$

Sk g}q~grr edc iejg cgb`r`kdr( e fwdceigdseh erqgbs fk~ rghfbkdf`cgdbg$ Smg fwdceigdseh fkbwr `r sk `db~gerg kqqk~swd`s`gr fk~ smgqg~rkd rk smes smgp e~g enhg sk g}q~grr smg`~ ce`hp q~gfg~gdbgr$ Fk~


17/151

\mes `r QBQ; 52Y er l~kwqr kf qgkqhg `dfk~iehhp nkwdc sklgsmg~ np rme~gc g}qg~s`rgedc e qerr`kd fk~ e ok`ds gdsg~q~`rg$ Smg bkiiwd`s`gr kf q~ebs`bg |m`bmrmeqgc ehh kf smg ge~h`grs eqq~kebmgr sk QBQ fwdbs`kdgc ngs|ggd 507Yi`lms ng eqqh`gc sk ìq~kvg smg uweh`sp kf smg rg~v`bgr sk qgkqhg |`smfwdbs`kdeh c`vg~r`sp Z>1Y$ Smg qgkqhg rghgbs smgirghvgr `dskabkiiwd`s`gr kf q~ebs`bg ngbewrg kf smg`~ `dsg~grs `d bkdrs~wbs`dl edcg}bmedl`dl jdk|hgclg |`sm ksmg~ qgkqhg |mk rme~g smg reig

bkii`sigds sk sm`r `rrwg k~ serj$ Smg q~ebs`beh bkiiwd`s`gr cgvghkqgcjdk|hgclg edc `dvgdsgc rj`hhr np ehhk|`dl qgkqhg sk nw`hc wq edc ebs`d sg~ir kf e rme~gc bkdsg}s( smes r( e rgs kf bkiikd iged`dlr edc ~gehbergr smes ehhk|gc smgi sk wdcg~rsedc e rkbèh |k~hc smes iessg~r sksmgi edc sejg gffgbs`vg ebs`kd sk bmedlg `s sk smg ~ghgveds rkbèh rgss`dlZ>1Y$

F~ki smg ngl`dd`dl kf bkiiwd`s`gr kf q~ebs`bg( rkig rs~esgl`gr|g~g cgvghkqgc edc wdcg~sejgd np riehh l~kwqr |mk |g~g cgfgdc`dl

qgkqhg es ~`rj kf rkbèh g}bhwr`kd$ Smgrg rs~esgl`gr |g~g re`c sk ng smgngl`dd`dl kf smg qg~rkd bgds~gc ikcgh( rkig kf smgrg igsmkckhkl`gr|g~g? e henk~esk~p sk bhkrghp knrg~vg mk| smg rg~v`bgr effgbs qgkqhgrh`vgr( e fk~wi fk~ c`rbwrr`dl iessg~r smes e~`rg cep np cep `d smg |k~jkf q~kv`c`dl rg~v`bgr edc sk fk~iwhesg `cger nergc kd smgrg g}qg~`gdbgr(e |k~jrmkq sk `dvgds dg| `cger edc |epr sk g}qhk~g mk| edc |mesqgkqhg |`sm fwdbs`kdeh c`vg~r`sp g}qg~`gdbg edc e igc`wi kfbkiiwd`bes`kd sk n~kecbers dg| `cger edc sgbmdùwgr Z>1Y$ Dg}s |g

|`hh ~gv`g| `d cgse`h gebm kf smgrg ghgigdsr?

5Ehsmkwlm |g rqgej kf e ikvgigds `d fevkw~ kf dk~ieh`res`kd ~grqgbs`dl smgk~`l`deh deig( |g ck dks bkdfk~i sk smg `cge smes smg~g g}`rsr e dgbgrr`sp sk dk~ieh`rgqgkqhg( smg~gfk~g |g ck dks bheì smes edpnkcpr ~edlg `r smg rsedce~c kfadk~ieh`res`kd$ Smg `cge kf adk~ieh `r kdg smes `r grsenh`rmgc np smg qk|g~r smes ng `dsmg rgbsk~r kf rkb`gsp( e smgk~p nw`hs kd mk| qgkqhg cgvghkq qmpr`behhp edc

qrpbmkhkl`behhp Z0Y$ Smg errwiqs`kd kf adk~ieh`sp `r dks rgdr`s`vg sk qgkqhgrc`ffg~gdbgr( smg~gfk~g `s `r dks enkws dk~ieh`r`dl nws ~grqgbs`dl smes gebm qg~rkd `rc`ffg~gds$


19/151

\mes `r QBQ; 50

E henk~esk~p? Smgp s~`gc sk gvehwesg mk| smg rg~v`bgr fwdbs`kdgcf~ki smg qg~rqgbs`vg kf smkrg |mk wrgc smgi$ Sm`r hgc sk smg q~knhgirng`dl `cgds`f`gc smes wds`h smgd mec nggd m`ccgd edc rk( iedpqe~s`b`qedsr bmedlgc smg`~ q~ebs`bg kd smg nerg kf |mes smgp mec hge~dgc`d sm`r henk~esk~p$ Rkig kf |mes |er hge~dgc |er smes?

) Iedp kqqk~swd`s`gr g}`rsgc fk~ qg~rkdeh ìq~kvgigds(ehsmkwlm wds`h smes ikigds smgrg mec nggd `dv`r`nhg fk~ smgq~kfgrr`kdehr edc smg eci`d`rs~es`kd$

) @s |er dks ed gerp q~kbgrr sk q~kv`cg rg~v`bgr smes |g~g~ghgveds fk~ qg~rkdeh cgvghkqigds$

) Qgkqhgr rkbèh ~ghes`kdrm`qr |g~g vg~p ~grs~`bsgc( `dbhwc`dl

|mgd smg rg~v`bgr |g~g kffg~gc `d ed k~c`de~p rgss`dl -dksrgl~glesgc)$

) \mgd qgkqhg |`sm fwdbs`kdeh c`vg~r`sp |g~g l~kwqgc sklgsmg~sk l`vg smgi e rg~v`bg( smgp ngbeig rs`lies`zgc `d rkig |epedc f~ki smes e~krg ìqk~seds c`hgiier$

) E bkdr`cg~enhg leq g}`rsgc ngs|ggd smg knogbs`vgr |m`bm |g~grsesgc `d smg q~kl~eiigr edc smg ~geh`sp kf cep sk cep h`fg$Fw~smg~ik~g( smgp fkwdc fg| rg~v`bgr |mk |kwhc |k~j sk~gcwbg smgrg leqr$

) Smg~g |g~g ve~`kwr( grrgdsèh erqgbsr `d ~gle~cr sk smgs~gesigds edc essgds`kd kf qgkqhg( |m`bm |g~g c`ff`bwhs skrmeqg `d smg k~led`res`kdeh ikcgh( r`dbg dks ehh smg ~ghgvedsrkbèh qe~sdg~r |g~g `dvkhvgc `d smg`~ k|d cgvghkqigds$

Smwr( er e ~grwhs kf smg`~ sìg rqgds `d smg henk~esk~p( smgp hge~dgcsmes ikrs kf smg`~ |~`ssgd |k~j rwbm er i`rr`kd rsesgigdsr( ~glwhes`kdr(`drqgbs`kdr( qkh`b`gr edc `dc`v`cweh qhedr |g~g edc |kwhc ng wrghgrr|m`hg smg~g |er dk fk~i kf bkii`sigds ebsgc kd f~ki kdg qg~rkd skedksmg~$ Smgp jdg| kf smg c`ff`bwhsp `d kvg~bki`dl `rkhes`kd `d smgbkiiwd`sp edc kf grbeq`dl smg |gn smes rw~~kwdcr smg ieok~`sp kfqgkqhg |`sm fwdbs`kdeh c`vg~r`sp$ Smgp wdcg~rskkc smes |`sm c`rb`qh`dgc

gffk~s edc np h`rsgd`dl ik~g bhkrghp `s |er qkrr`nhg sk wdcg~rsedc e h`sshgn`s ik~g enkws smg qg~rkdr qg~rqgbs`vg kf smg`~ h`fg edc mk| smgpsmkwlms `s |er qkrr`nhg sk ìq~kvg `s$

E fk~wi? Err`ldgc sk knrg~vg smg rg~v`bgr smk~kwlmhp( sk ~e`rgik~g uwgrs`kdr edc cggqg~ uwgrs`kdr enkws smg ~ghes`kdrm`qr smes


20/151

F`~rs Bmeqsg~ >1

g}`rsgc ngs|ggd fwdbs`kdeh c`vg~r`sp( smg rg~v`bgr edc smg bkiiwd`sp$Rme~`dl rkig kf smg qg~rkdr rdeqrmksr kf smg`~ g}qg~`gdbgr bmehhgdlgcgebm bkdbhwr`kd smes mec nggd wrgc$

Fk~ g}eiqhg( smg rs~wllhg sk gffgbs`vghp `dsgl~esg rkbèhhp(

wdcg~rskkc er smg kqqk~swd`sp sk l~k| edc sk ìig~rg kdgrghf `dskmev`dl e dgs|k~j kf lkkc ~ghes`kdrm`qr |`sm ksmg~ qgkqhg( `dbhwc`dlqgkqhg |`sm e spq`beh cgvghkqigds( |er kdg smes |er vg~p q~knhgies`bsk smg rme~gc wdcg~rsedc`dl `d smg bkiiwd`s`gr kf q~ebs`bg$ Smgiging~r kf sm`r bkiiwd`sp jdg| smes rwbm ~ghes`kdrm`qr |g~g qkrr`nhg$@dcggc( ehh kf smkrg |mk mec lgdg~esgc smg c`ffg~gds eqq~kebmgr kf QBQmec eh~gecp -edc rs`hh mec) smgrg ~ghes`kdrm`qr$ Nws smg rg~v`bgr vg~prghcki feb`h`sesgc sm`r spqg kf ~ghes`kdrm`q kwsr`cg kf smg`~ k|d

nkwdce~`gr$ @d smg fk~wi( smg iging~r g}qhk~gc nksm smg r`ld`f`bedbg kfrkbèh `dsgl~es`kd er |ghh er smg igedr sk bkdrs~wbs e lkkc ~ghes`kdrm`q$

Es smg reig sìg er ecvedb`dl `d smg wdcg~rsedc`dl edc cgqsmkf smg ~ghes`kdrm`qr ngs|ggd fwdbs`kdeh c`vg~r`sp( smg rg~v`bgr edc smgbkiiwd`sp( smg f`~rs eqq~kebmgr sk QBQ ehrk gig~lgc$ @dsg~grs `d smg|k~j kf Smkier L`hng~s Z>2Y hgc Bme~hgr Lehhk|ep Z>7Y edc OkmdKN~`gd Z>6Y sk bkdr`cg~ smg gffgbs`vgdgrr kf smg rg~v`bgr `d sg~ir kfqg~rkdeh ebbkiqh`rmigds$ @d smg gdc( sm`r `cge kf qg~rkdeh

ebbkiqh`rmigds fk~igc qe~s kf smg bkdbgqsweh rs~wbsw~g q~kl~eiigrLgss`dl sk Jdk| Pkw( Qg~rkdeh Fwsw~gr Qhedd`dl( edc >3Mkw~Qhedd`dl |m`bm |g |`hh sehj enkws hesg~ kd `d sm`r nkkj$ @d ecc`s`kd smgsgdcgdbp sk|e~cr qg~rkdeh ebbkiqh`rmigdsr |er smg nerg sk cgf`dgsmg f`vg cìgdr`kdr kf smg wrg~r g}qg~`gdbg |m`bm ie~jgc r`ld`f`bedsc`ffg~gdbgr `d smg`~ h`vgr? bkiiwd`sp q~grgdbg( bmk`bg( ~grqgbs(bkiqgsgdbg edc bkiiwd`sp qe~s`b`qes`kd Z>


21/151

\mes `r QBQ; >5

q~kl~eiigr( |m`bm |er deigc Q~kl~ei Cgr`ld Rgrr`kdr$ SmgdNg~sme Pkwdl( ehrk ed ebs`vg iging~( erjgc |mgsmg~ rwbm uwgrs`kdrrmkwhc ng ~e`rgc e~kwdc kdg qg~rkd edc dks kdhp e~kwdc e l~kwq kfqgkqhg$ Mgdbg( smg @dc`v`cweh Rg~v`bg Cgr`ld gig~lgc( |m`bm |g |`hhc`rbwrr `d cgse`h `d smg dg}s bmeqsg~$

@d sm`r gdv`~kdigds e b~wbèh ghgigds fk~ QBQ ehrk gig~lgc( ersmg ewsmk~r kf sm`r nkkj edc |gnqelg e~g fwhhp e|e~g( smg ghgigdsr `d|m`bm v`rweh rwqqk~sr qhep ed ìqk~seds ~khg$ Smg sgbmdùwgr jdk|d erl~eqm`b feb`h`ses`kd Z>=Y( |m`bm ehhk| c`rbwrr`kd ok`dgc sklgsmg~ |`sml~eqm`br edc |k~cr( l~g| `d dwing~ edc lgdg~esgc iesg~èhr smes |g~gqerrgc f~ki medc sk medc kvg~ rgvg~eh pge~r( wds`h smgp |g~g bkhhgbsgc`d e medcnkkj np KN~`gd Z>0Y edc efsg~( smgp |g~g qws `dsk lkkc

q~ebs`bg |`sm q~kl~eiigr rwbm er >3Mkw~ Qhedd`dl k~ @dc`v`cwehRg~v`bg Cgr`ld |m`bm |`hh ng sehjgc enkws hesg~ kd$

E igc`wi kf bkiiwd`bes`kd? @d ebbk~cedbg |`sm smgbkiiwd`sp kf q~ebs`bg |m`bm bkds`dwgc `dbk~qk~es`dl ik~g edc ik~giging~r( e igc`wi kf bkiiwd`bes`kd ehrk ngled `d e |ep smes smgk~`l`desk~r kf smg f`~rs eqq~kebmgr kf QBQ bkwhc rq~gec smg`~ rs~esgl`gredc `cger edc es smg reig sìg( smgp bkwhc ~gbg`vg kq`d`kdr edcb~`s`b`ri f~ki smg ksmg~ iging~r$ Wr`dl |ehhqeqg~ er e fk~ies fk~

iggs`dlr( k~ wr`dl elg eqq~kq~èsgdgrr |`sm iesg~èhr( |g~g( fk~g}eiqhg( rkig kf smg `cger q~kqkrgc np Oebj Pesgr Z21Y |m`bm mevggdcgc wq fk~i`dl qe~s kf QBQr ce`hp q~ebs`bg$

Smg henk~esk~p( smg fk~wi edc smg igc`wi kf bkiiwd`bes`kd(bkdrs`swsg jgp qk`dsr fk~ smg bkdbgqs`kd kf QBQ$ Smg ~gecg~ `dsg~grsgc `dsmg cggqg~ k~`l`dr kf QBQ( bed f`dc fwhh `dfk~ies`kd enkws smgrg

ghgigdsr edc smg`~ ìqh`bes`kdr `d smg |k~j kf KN~`gd edc KN~`gd Z>1Y(kd |m`bm smg hers fg| h`dgr smes |g~g |~`ssgd mevg nggd nergc$

Ehh kf smkrg eqq~kebmgr rme~gc smg reig knogbs`vgr( edc smkrge~g smg kdgr smes hesg~ bkdrs`swsgc smg ner`b vehwgr kf QBQ$ Smkrg vehwgr|g~g?

) Sk `db~gerg smg qk|g~ kf bmk`bg$

) Sk ~gikvg ìqg~rkdeh`rgc henghr edc q~kbgcw~gr |m`bm

rs`lies`rg$) Sk gdbkw~elg smg kq`d`kdr kf smkrg sej`dl qe~s edc kf smkrg

|mk jdk| smgi |ghh$

) Sk nw`hc rkbèh ~ghes`kdrm`qr


22/151

F`~rs Bmeqsg~ >>

) Sk `dc`v`cweh`rg smg rwqqk~s l`vgd( ie`dse`d`dl m`lmg}qgbses`kdr kd qg~rkdeh cgvghkqigds$

) Sk cgiedc smes smg elgdb`gr eckqs dg| |epr kf rg~v`bg edck~led`res`kd$

Smg vehwgr kf smkrg eqq~kebmgr |g~g `d`sèsgc np smgbkiiwd`s`gr kf q~ebs`bg edc rq~gec sm~kwlmkws Gw~kqg( lgdg~es`dlbmedlgr `d c`ffg~gds bkwds~`gr |m`bm bmedlgc smg qg~rqgbs`vgr kf smgrg~v`bgr edc kffg~gc e vènhg ikcg kf rme~`dl edc ìq~kv`dl smgq~kbgcw~gr kf rwqqk~s$ Smg lgdg~eh sg~i( Qg~rkd Bgds~gc Qhedd`dlngled sk l~k| `d smg i`c g`lms`gr edc r`dbg smgd( `s mer ngbkig ebkiikd bkdbgqs$

\mes e~g smg f`ghcr kf QBQ;

QBQ mer k~`l`desgc edc mer nggd cgvghkqgc `d smg e~ge kf qgkqhg|`sm fwdbs`kdeh c`vg~r`sp Z>1Y sk e qk`ds smes `s mer bkdvg~sgc smg bgds~eheqq~kebm `d sm`r f`ghc Z25Y$ Smg wd`kd ngs|ggd sm`r e~ge kf jdk|hgclgedc QBQ `r gv`cgds sm~kwlmkws h`sg~esw~g Z2>YZ22Y$

Ehsmkwlm smg k~`l`d edc cgvghkqigds kf QBQ mer nggd nkwdc sksmg f`ghc kf fwdbs`kdeh c`vg~r`sp( smg ikcgh bed g}s~eqkhesg sk ehh kf smge~ger kf smg Rkbèh Rg~v`bgr ngdgf`sr -gcwbes`kd( smg |k~jqhebg( mgehsm)edc iedp ik~g qgkqhg |mk e~g `dvkhvgc `d smkrg rg~v`bgr$ @d febs( `s bedng wrgc `d e he~lg ve~`gsp kf r`swes`kdr Z22YZ23Y( ehsmkwlm smg deig `rc`ffg~gds cgqgdc`dl kd smg f`ghc |mg~g `s `r wrgc$ @d sm`r |ep smg qm~ergQg~rkd Bgds~gc Qhedd`dl `r ik~g bkiikdhp fkwdc `d smg ngdgf`srg~v`bgr fk~ qgkqhg |`sm fwdbs`kdeh c`vg~r`sp -qmpr`beh( `dsghhgbsweh k~

cgvghkqigdseh)$ @d ksmg~ f`ghcr c`ffg~gds sg~i`dkhkl`gr e~g wrgc nws smgprwllgrs smg reig fk~i kf |k~j$ Rk fk~ g}eiqhg( `d smg ngdgf`s rg~v`bgrfk~ qgkqhg |`sm igdseh mgehsm q~knhgir edc ghcg~hp qgkqhg( smg sg~ismes `r f~guwgdshp wrgc `r Qg~rkd Bgds~gc Be~g( nws smg qm`hkrkqmp `r`cgds`beh sk smes kf QBQ$

Sk fkhhk| smg f`ghcr edc jdk|hgclgenhg e~ger e~g `dc`besgc|mg~g QBQ `r ikrs eqqh`gc Z50Y?

@d smg gcwbes`kdeh gdv`~kdigdsZ27Y$ @d giqhkpigds |`sm rwqqk~s Z26YZ2


23/151

\mes `r QBQ; >2

Rghgbsgc `drs~wigdsr edc rqgbèh eceqses`kdr Z2=YZ20Y$

Rwqqk~s |`sm bw~~`bwhwi cgr`ld edc ~gv`g|`dlZ>YZ32Y$ Rghf iks`ves`kd `r bkdr`cg~gc sk ng e bgds~ehkwsbkig kf QBQ edc es smg reig sìg smg gffk~sr sk q~kiksg rghfiks`ves`kd mevg nggd `cgds`f`gc er jgp rs~esgl`gr `d smgìqhgigdses`kd kf QBQ Z33Y$ QBQ g}qedcr( q~kiksgr edc`db~gergr rghf iks`ves`kd$

Mgehsm edc Rkbèh Be~g rg~v`bgr( rwbm er igdseh mgehsm edc

~gr`cgdsèh mkigr$ @d smg e~ge kf ghcg~hp qgkqhg fk~ g}eiqhg( `dGdlhedc( QBQ ~gq~grgdsr smg rs~wbsw~g kf smg Des`kdeh Rg~v`bg fk~~gr`cgdsèh mkigr Z23Y$ Kd smg ksmg~ medc( `d Rqe`d( `d smgIgdseh Mgehsm f`ghc( smg Cgqe~sigds kf Mgehsm mer b~gesgc e|mkhg rs~wbsw~g fk~ smg Des`kdeh Rg~v`bg nergc kd smg qg~rkdbgds~gc ikcgh Z37YZ36Y$

Qkr`s`vg ngmev`kw~ rwqqk~s -Mk~dg~ ^$ C$) Z3


24/151

F`~rs Bmeqsg~ >3

) Smgp b~gesg kqqk~swd`s`gr sk g}q~grr cgb`r`kd iej`dl edcq~gfg~gdbg bmkkr`dl -e bkiikd `dsg~vgds`kd `d iedp qkr`s`vgngmev`kw~ rwqqk~s qhedr)$

Dgvg~smghgrr( ehsmkwlm QNR bed ng bkiqes`nhg edc ngbkig~g`dfk~bgc np QBQ( `s `r ìqk~seds sk m`lmh`lms rkig c`ffg~gdbgr `d smgk~`l`d kf nksm ikcghr$ Es hgers `d `sr k~`l`deh bkdbgqs`kd( |`sm`d QNR `s `rdks smg qg~rkd |`sm fwdbs`kdeh c`vg~r`sp nws `s `r ksmg~ qgkqhg |mkcgf`dg |mes rmkwhc ng wdcg~rskkc er e qkr`s`vg ngmev`k~ -ngmev`k~ sk ng~g`dfk~bgc)$ @s `r ehrk ksmg~ qgkqhg |mk `dsg~q~gsr smkrg ngmev`k~r edcl`vg iged`dl sk smgi$

E qg~rkd bgds~gc ikcgh( gvgd |mgd `s `r bkin`dgc |`sm ksmg~rs~esgl`gr rwbm er QNR( rmkwhc `dbhwcg rs~esgl`gr fk~ rgbw~`dl smes`dsg~q~gses`kdr kf ngmev`k~r kf smg bgds~eh qg~rkd e~g ecowrsgc sk smgfwdbs`kd edc |`hh kf smes `dc`v`cweh( ksmg~|`rg `s bkwhc dks ngbkdr`cg~gc er QBQ$ Sm`r `r rqgbèh b~wbèh `d smkrg bergr |mg~g smgbgds~eh qg~rkd mer dks cgvghkqgc m`r+mg~ bkld`s`vg en`h`s`gr sk smg qk`dskf wdcg~rsedc`dl edc g}q~grr`dl smkrg `rrwgr$

@d k~cg~ sk ng enhg sk wdcg~rsedc smg q~knhgi ngmev`k~( `s `r

ìqk~seds sk mevg ed mkh`rs`b edc |`cg v`g| kf smg h`fg kf smg `dc`v`cweh(edc sm`r qg~rqgbs`vg `r q~kv`cgc np QBQ$ Smg~gfk~g QNR rmehh ngrwqqk~sgc np e qg~rkd bgds~gc ikcgh$

@s `r e febs( smes smg QBQ igsmkckhklp( mer nggd rq~gec`dl kvg~smg pge~r edc er g}qgbsgc( `s mer nglwd sk g}qedc `dsk ksmg~ bkdsg}sr|m`bm rwqqk~s qgkqhg( l~kwqr k~ k~led`zes`kdr |mk e~g hkkj`dl fk~ ebkiikd fwsw~g |m`bm `r qkrr`nhg edc qkr`s`vg$

Er |ghh er ng`dl ws`h`rgc `d smkrg gdv`~kdigdsr smes |g mevgeh~gecp igds`kdgc( QBQ mer nggd l~k|`dl `d s|k qe~ehhgh ~kecr$ Kdg `rf~ki smg qg~rkdr bhkrgrs rw~~kwdc`dlr( edc smg ksmg~( f~ki e QBQlkvg~digdseh q~kl~eiig( |m`bm `r ìqghhgc np rsesg qkh`b`gr `d rkigbkwds~`gr$ \g |`hh g}qhe`d ed g}eiqhg kf gebm berg?

F~ki smg lkvg~digdseh f`ghc smg ikrs gv`cgds berg `r kf smes `dGdlhedc$ @s `r bkdsgiqhesgc `d smg des`kdeh qkh`s`beh elgdce |mg~g rkbèhrg~v`bgr q~kiksg smg wrg kf QBQ( edc `s `r bkdr`cg~gc er smg grrgdbg fk~

m`lm uweh`sp ngdgf`s rg~v`bgr Z22Y$ Smg`~ k|d lkvg~digds q~kiksgrmev`dl iggs`dlr e~kwdc smg bgds~eh qg~rkd `d jgp elgr kf -0( 55 edc 53pge~r khc)( rk smes eikdlrs ksmg~ eìr( kdg bed jdk| edc uweds`fp smg~grkw~bgr edc rg~v`bgr smes |`hh ng dgbgrre~p fk~ rmk~s edc igc`wi sg~iqhedd`dl( edc `d sm`r |ep smgp bed lwe~edsgg smg`~ b~ges`kd edceve`hen`h`sp fk~ smg ikigds `d |m`bm smgp e~g lk`dl sk ng wrgc$ @d ksmg~


25/151

\mes `r QBQ; >7

bergr( rwbm er Bedece( smg~g e~g errkbès`kdr smes mevg nggd b~gesgc npsmg I`d`rs~p kf Mgehsm( `d k~cg~ sk rwqqk~s smg jdk|hgclg edc smgcgvghkqigds kf e dgs|k~j k~ l~kwq |mk rw~~kwdc smg qgkqhg `d dggc kfrwqqk~s Z7>Y$

F~ki smg gdv`~kdigds bhkrgrs sk e qg~rkd( ed g}eiqhg smesrsedcr kws er kdg kf smg ikrs kwsrsedc`dl f`~ir `d smg f`ghc kf QBQ `rMghgd Redcg~rkd Errkbèsgr Z72Y |mk mevg e hkdl s~eogbsk~p edc e versg}qg~`gdbg `d smg cgvghkqigds edc smg wdcg~sej`dl kf qg~rkdeh qhedrfk~ qgkqhg |mk e~g es ~`rj kf rkbèh g}bhwr`kd$ Kdg kf smg`~ serjr `r skgdbkw~elg l~kwqr kf qgkqhg sk( `d e c`~gbs edc qg~rkdeh |ep( kffg~fwhf`hh`dl qg~rkdeh qhedr fk~ qgkqhg `d dggc kf rwqqk~s( ehsmkwlm kfbkw~rg( sm`r |k~j `r ik~g vènhg |mgd fevkw~enhg bkdc`s`kdr kbbw~( rwbm

er smg g}`rsgdbg kf vkhwdsgg~ qkh`b`gr fk~ smg`~ `ds~kcwbs`kd$Cgrq`sg smg q~grgdbg kf QBQ ng`dl fkwdc `d rkig kf smg

bkwds~`gr qkh`b`gr( smg smgk~p `r dks eh|epr s`gc |`sm smg q~ebs`beh edcsmg~gfk~g( q~kfkwdc bmedlgr dggc sk ng iecg `d smg |ep smes sm`r |k~j`r be~~`gc kws$ Smg febs smes eve`henhg ~grkw~bgr bed ng bkwdsgc kd edc eqg~rkd bgds~gc rs~wbsw~g g}`rsr( ckgr dks iged smes `s `r s~wg |mgd qws`dsk q~ebs`bg Z73Y$

Smg bkwds~`gr smes mevg e hkdl s~ec`s`kd `d QBQ( kffg~ e qk`ds kf~gfg~gdbg fk~ smg cgvghkqigds kf lkvg~digdseh qkh`b`gr `d smkrgbkwds~`gr |mg~g smgp rs`hh mevg dks `dbk~qk~esgc qg~rkd bgds~gc qkh`b`gr$Nge~`dl `d i`dc smes smg f`~rs bmehhgdlg `r sk bkdbgds~esg kd cgvghkq`dlrs~esgl`gr( smes bed ng ~geh`rs`behhp rmeqgc `dsk rkbèh ~geh`sp$

QBQ q~kcwbgr e bmedlg `d qm`hkrkqmp( vehwgr edc~ghes`kdrm`qr

QBQ gdbkw~elgr wr sk bmedlg( rwnrsedsèhhp smg |ep smes |g~ghesg sk qgkqhg `d dggc kf rwqqk~s edc `d smg |ep smes |g bkdbg`vgngdgf`s rg~v`bgr( kvg~ehh `d smkrg bergr |mg~g sm`r bmedlg `r ikrs~guw`~gc$ Smg qg~rkd bgds~gc ikcgh `dvkhvgr e bmedlg kf qe~ec`li edcqm`hkrkqmp smes uw`sg kfsgd ìqh`besgr e bkdfh`bs `d smg q~ebs`bg kf mk|q~kfgrr`kdehr( gcwbes`kd( qrpbmkhklp edc rkb`gsp qg~bg`vg qgkqhg es ~`rjkf rkbèh g}bhwr`kd$ QBQr ~kec rgsr kws sk uwgrs`kd smg rkbèh vehwgr edcsk q~kcwbg e rìwhsedgkwr bmedlg es ehh hgvghr Z5>Y$

QBQr ~kec `r nergc kd v`rweh`r`dl edc |k~j`dl |`sm qgkqhg `d ebkiqhgsghp c`ffg~gds |ep$ Sm`r ~kec mer sk grrgdsèhhp rgg rme~gccgb`r`kdr edc mer sk grsenh`rm e dgs|k~j kf bkiiwd`sp `dbhwr`kd Z3>Y(edc e dgs|k~j kf desw~eh rwqqk~s$ Sm`r igedr smes smg c`ffg~gds rg~v`bgredc bkdsg}sr smes e~g e~kwdc e bgds~eh qg~rkd -gcwbes`kdeh( igc`beh(|k~j( bkiiwd`sp( hg`rw~g) bkk~c`desg smg`~ gffk~sr sk ìq~kvg smg


26/151

F`~rs Bmeqsg~ >6

qg~rkdr uweh`sp kf h`fg$ Fk~ sm`r( QBQ cgbgds~eh`zgr smg `drs`sws`kdehqk|g~( c`~gbs`dl `s sk|e~cr smg qgkqhg smes nghkdl sk smg igds`kdgcrw~~kwdc`dlr edc rg~v`bgr$ Smg giqmes`b v`g|( smg~gfk~g( `s smes smghenkw~ edc smg gffk~sr kf smg c`ffg~gds q~kfgrr`kdehr( fei`h`gr edc qgkqhg`d smg bkiiwd`sp( er |ghh er smg ~ghes`kdrm`qr smes smgp q~kv`cgngs|ggd smgi: e~g `d f~kds kf smg ik~g s~ec`s`kdeh |epr( |mg~g smgqk|g~r kf cgb`r`kd ck dks ngl`d |`sm smg qgkqhg `dvkhvgc `d smgqhedd`dl q~kbgrr( nws rkhghp |`sm smg g}qg~sr$ Fk~ g}eiqhg( |g ìel`dg Owedr berg( e qg~rkd |mk dggcr rwqqk~s edc |mk ~gbg`vgr essgds`kdf~ki smg c`ffg~gds rg~v`bgr$ Smg q~kfgrr`kdeh smes |k~jr |`sm Owed ie~jrkws smg ebs`v`s`gr sk ebm`gvg( smg fei`hp bmkkrgr m`r bhksmgr smes mg mer sk|ge~ edc m`r be~g~ rmk|r mì smg fkkc smes mg mer sk ges \`sm QBQ `s`r enkws smkrg qgkqhg ikrs hkvgc np Owed( sklgsmg~ |`sm smg c`ffg~gds

q~kfgrr`kdehr iggs`dl( rk smes kd e nerg kf m`r q~gfg~gdbgr( `dsg~grsr edcdgbgrr`s`gr( smgp bed mghq mì sk cgb`cg |mes spqg kf ebs`v`s`gr mg |`hhessgdc( |mes fkkc mg |`hh ges edc |mes bhksmgr mg |`hh |ge~( eikdlrsksmg~ sm`dlr$

@d sm`r |ep e rsgq kbbw~r f~ki e ikcgh kf Rg~v`bg Bgds~gc Qhedd`dl ske ikcgh kf Qg~rkd Bgds~gc Qhedd`dl$ Sm`r eh~gecp igedr smes `s `r dkssmg qg~rkd |mk bkdfk~ir sk smg rg~v`bgr( nws ik~g rk smg rg~v`bgr( e~gqheddgc np smg qg~rkd$ \g bed hkkj es sm`r `d e ik~g l~eqm`b |ep?

@hhwrs~es`kd >? Smg ìelg kd smg hgfs ~gq~grgdsr e qg~rkd bgds~gc ikcgh edcsmg ìelg kd smg ~`lms ~gq~grgdsr e rg~v`bg bgds~gc ikcgh$

Smg c`ffg~gdbg ngs|ggd nksm fk~ir kf qhedd`dl `r smes smgpbgds~g kd c`ffg~gds `dsg~grsr edc qm`hkrkqm`gr$ Smg fkhhk|`dl senhgrmk|r smg c`ffg~gdbgr ngs|ggd nksm |epr sk qhed$


27/151

\mes `r QBQ; >=

@s k~led`rgr ebs`kdr `d smgbkiiwd`sp sk `dbhwcg wrg~r(fei`hp edc smg c`~gbs |k~jg~r$

@s k~led`rgr iggs`dlr fk~ smgq~kfgrr`kdehr$

@s wrgr ok`ds ~gfhgbs`kdr er e nerg skgrsenh`rm q~`k~`s`gr$

@s ebsr sk fkhhk| ~whgr edc~glwhes`kdr$

@s ~grqkdcr sk dggcr nergc kdrme~gc ~grqkdr`n`h`s`gr edcqg~rkdeh bkii`sigds$

@s ~grqkdcr sk dggcr nergc kd okncgrb~`qs`kd$

C`ff`bwhs`gr e~g rme~gc$ C`rsedbgr e~g b~gesgc$

Smg bkiiwd`sp bed ng|ghbki`dl$

E v`g| kf e bkiiwd`sp smes~gbk`hr$

@s dglksèsgr ebbgqsedbg sk nw`hcrkbèh ~ghes`kdrm`qr$ @s q~ksgbsr edc l~kwqr sklgsmg~qgkqhg |`sm henghr$

Smg rg~v`bgr bed eceqs smgirghvgredc ~grqkdc sk qgkqhg$

Smg rg~v`bgr ck dks ~grqkdc sk smg`dc`v`cweh dggcr$

Smg ~grkw~bgr bed ng ehhkbesgc skngrs rg~vg smg `dsg~grs kf smgqgkqhg$

Smg rg~v`bgr ie`dse`d smg `dsg~grskf smg q~kfgrr`kdehr$

Nwclgsr bed ng rs~wbsw~gc sk l`vgrwqqk~s sk smg `dc`v`cweh qg~rkd$

Nwclgsr e~g rs~wbsw~gc sk ie`dse`dsmg rg~v`bgr$

Dg| `d`sès`vgr e~g |k~sm `s gvgd`f smgp mevg e riehh ngl`dd`dl$

Dg| `d`sès`vgr e~g kdhp |k~sm `s `fsmgp bed ng `ds~kcwbgc kd e he~lgrbehg$

Smg ikcgh kf QBQ fwdceigdsehhp c`ffg~r f~ki smg s~ec`s`kdehqhedd`dl `d e |ep smes e mkh`rs`b edc lhkneh v`g| `r b~gesgc fk~ smgqg~rkd( smkrg |mk mevg e c~gei edc |eds sk ebm`gvg ed ehsg~des`vgfwsw~g |`sm rwbbgrr$ Smg s~ec`s`kdeh igsmkc kf qhedd`dl mer rg~vgcik~g sk eceqs qgkqhg `dsk smg rg~v`bgr Z5


29/151

\mes `r QBQ; >0

qe~s`b`qedsr edc smg qgkqhg |mk iejg smg cgb`r`kdr Z77Y$ Smg fkhhk|`dlsenhg rmk|r smgrg rwnrseds`eh bmedlgr vg~p bhge~hp?

Senhg >? C`ffg~gdbgr ngs|ggd s~ec`s`kdeh qhedd`dl edc qg~rkd bgds~gcqhedd`dl Z50Y Z7


30/151

F`~rs Bmeqsg~ 21

V`g|`dl smg c`ffg~gdbgr ngs|ggd kdg spqg kf qhedd`dl edcedksmg~ |g bed bkdr`cg~ smes smg qg~rkd bgds~gc ikcgh bkwdsr er erg~`gr kf mwied`spr essgiqsr smes hkkj es e |ep sk sejg smg |g`lms kff kf|mes smg g}qg~sr rep( rk smes smg rkw~bg kf smg qgcelklp ckgr dks fhk|f~ki smg g}qg~sr( nws f~ki smg bkiiwd`sp edc f~ki smg vk`bg kf smkrg|mk f`dc smgirghvgr `d r`swes`kdr kf rkbèh g}bhwr`kd$ @d QBQ smg bgds~ehqg~rkd `r smg kdhp g}qg~s enkws smgirghvgr$

Smg rwqqk~s l~kwq

QBQ kffg~r qgkqhg q~ebs`beh rs~esgl`gr$ Ed ìqk~seds serj `r skgrsenh`rm e dgs|k~j kf rwqqk~s fk~ e qg~rkd |mk ~guw`~gr k~ dggcr skiejg e h`fg qhed$ Smg l~kwq |mk `r smg bhkrgrs sk smg qg~rkd `r behhgc smgb`~bhg kf rwqqk~s( edc `s `r ed grrgdsèh edc vg~p ìqk~seds bkdbgqs kfQBQ$ @d febs( smg qg~rkd bgds~gc q~kbgrr grsenh`rmgr `srghf kd smg ner`r kf|mg~g e b`~bhg kf rwqqk~s bed l~ecwehhp nw`hc e h`fgrsphg smes |`hh ngres`rfebsk~p edc r`ld`f`beds fk~ smg bgds~eh qg~rkd Z>>Y$ Fk~ sm`r( `s `rdgbgrre~p sk hge~d sm~kwlm smg ebs`kd edc rme~g ngs|ggd smg c`ffg~gdsqe~s`b`qedsr |mk fk~i smg b`~bhg kf rwqqk~s$ @s `r enkws f`dc`dl b~ges`vgrkhws`kdr( kf ~grkhv`dl q~knhgir edc |k~j`dl `d e wd`sgc |ep sk b~gesge bmedlg kf h`fg fk~ qgkqhg `d smg bkiiwd`sp edc `d k~led`res`kdr Z5


31/151

\mes `r QBQ; 25

\mk `r `d smg b`~bhg kf rwqqk~s;

Smg qgkqhg |mk qe~s`b`qesg `d smg l~kwq e~g smkrg |mk e~g smgbhkrgrs sk smg bgds~eh qg~rkd edc smkrg |mk smg bgds~eh qg~rkd ikrs|edsr sk ng smg~g( np smes |g ~gfg~ sk smg fei`hp( f~`gdcr( q~kfgrr`kdehr(bkiiwd`sp iging~r edc ehh kf smg qgkqhg |mk smg bgds~eh qg~rkd h`jgredc vehwgr$ Er sìg qerrgr( smgp bed `dbhwcg dg| qe~s`b`qedsr sk smg

b`~bhg kf rwqqk~s es smg reig sìg er `cgds`fp`dl dg| knogbs`vgr edcbkds`dw`dl sk bmedlg smg bgds~eh qg~rkdr h`fg edc smkrg |mk rw~~kwdcsmgi$

Smg fei`hp mer ed grrgdsèh ~khg `d smg b`~bhg kf rwqqk~s( er kfsgdsmg`~ iging~r e~g smkrg |mk e~g ikrs fei`hè~ sk smg bgds~eh qg~rkd$Smg`~ ~khg `r v`seh fk~ smg rwbbgrr kf QBQ Z61Y$ @f `d ecc`s`kd( QBQ `rrse~sgc f~ki ed ge~hp elg( smg fwhh qe~s`b`qes`kd kf smg fei`hp `r gvgdik~g ìqk~seds$ @s `r enkws |k~j`dl fk~ edc |`sm smg fei`hp sk c`~gbs

smg`~ bm`hc sk|e~cr e res`rfebsk~p h`fg$ \mgd smg qhedr bkds`dwg sk ngeqqh`gc sk qgkqhg kf e pkwdl elg( `s `r wrwehhp bgds~gc kd smg fei`hp$

\mes `r smg b`~bhg kf rwqqk~sr cws`gr;

Smg q~`db`qhg ebs`v`sp kf smg b`~bhg kf rwqqk~s `r sk be~~p kwsqg~`kc`beh iggs`dlr -cgqgdc`dl kd berg sk berg edc smg sìg smgp mevgnggd |k~j`dl) edc f~ki sm`r( sk s~edrhesg smg iggs`dlr ~grwhsr edcbkdbhwr`kdr edc eqqhp smgi sk cep sk cep rwqqk~s$

Es smg rse~s `s bed ngl`d |`sm kdg( s|k k~ sm~gg iggs`dlr eikdsm( efsg~|e~cr smg iggs`dlr bed ng mghc gvg~p sm~gg ikdsmr( r`}ikdsmr( kdbg e pge~ k~ hgrr f~guwgdshp$ Smg b`~bhg kf rwqqk~sr feb`h`sesk~`r smg qg~rkd |mk owclgr( nergc kd smg dggcr edc `d bkdsg}s( mk| kfsgd`r ikrs ecguwesg fk~ smgrg iggs`dlr$ Es smg ngl`dd`dl( smgrg iggs`dlr


32/151

F`~rs Bmeqsg~ 2>

rmkwhc ng ik~g dwig~kwr edc rmkwhc ehrk hers hkdlg~$ Er smg l~kwqbkds`dwgr ebuw`~`dl g}qg~`gdbg( smg cw~es`kd kf smg iggs`dlr bed ng~gcwbgc edc smg ~grwhsr edc bkdbhwr`kdr ngbkig ger`g~ sk s~edrhesg edcger`g~ sk eqqhp `d smg`~ cep sk cep h`vgr$

Er |g bkiigdsgc ngfk~g( `d rkig bergr rwbm er `d Gdlhedc(lkvg~digdseh qkh`b`gr g}`rs |m`bm q~kiksg iggs`dlr sk ng be~~`gc kws|mgd e rwnrsedsèh bmedlg e~`rgr `d smg qg~rkdr h`fg( fk~ g}eiqhg(qerr`dl f~ki kdg hgvgh kf gcwbes`kd sk edksmg~$ Smgrg iggs`dlr e~gq~kiksgc np smg lkvg~digds( e~g qe~s`b`qesgc `d np kdg kf `sr iging~r(edc bed ng bkiqhgigdse~p -dks g}bhwc`dl)( sk jggq smg b`~bhg kf rwqqk~sbhkrg~ sk smg bgds~eh qg~rkd( |mkrg iggs`dlr e~g kfsgd mghc es c`ffg~gds`dsg~vehr$

@d smg iggs`dlr ehh kf smg b`~bhg kf rwqqk~sr qe~s`b`qedsr iwrs ngq~grgds edc |mes smgp ck `r sk iejg e h`fg qhed nergc kd smg `dsg~grsr(c~geir edc q~gfg~gdbgr kf smg bgds~eh qg~rkd$ Vg~p wrgfwh skkhr g}`rs skiejg e qg~rkd bgds~gc H`fg Qhed( |mkrg rs~esgl`gr e~g |~`ssgd nghk|$ @dsmg iggs`dlr( |m`bm |g mevg rqkjgd enkws( `s `r dgbgrre~p smes gebmqe~s`b`qeds mer smg`~ ~grqkdr`n`h`s`gr bhge~$ Nghk| |g |`hh cgrb~`ng smgb`~bhg kf rwqqk~sr cws`gr `d smg iggs`dlr Z5=Y?

Sk iejg rw~g smg bgds~eh qg~rkd c~`vgr smg`~ k|d q~kbgrr$ Smg~ge~g e hks kf rs~esgl`gr smes g}`rs sk jggq smg bgds~eh qg~rkdqe~s`b`qes`dl( gvgd fk~ smkrg |mk mevg rgvg~g c`ff`bwhs`gr$ Smgqe~s`b`qes`kd smes smg bgds~eh qg~rkd mer `d smg iggs`dlr k~ `dsmg`~ H`fg Qhed( bed ~grwhs `d iedp |epr$ @d rkig bergr( `s bedq~kvg vehwenhg `f smg bgds~eh qg~rkd `r dks q~grgds `d smg iggs`dl(fk~ g}eiqhg( `f smgp bkdcwbs smgirghvgr `d e |ep |m`bm q~gvgdsrsmg l~kwq f~ki |k~j`dl$ @d smgrg g}bgqs`kdeh bergr( `s |kwhc ngbkdr`cg~gc e q~`k~`sp knogbs`vg sk lgs smg bgds~eh qg~rkd sk

bkds`dwg qe~s`b`qes`dl$ \mgd smg bgds~eh qg~rkd qe~s`b`qesgr( nwsckgr rk `d e vg~p hì`sgc |ep( smg l~kwq ngbkigr ik~g |k~~`gcgvg~p sìg enkws fwsw~g qe~s`b`qes`kd$

Sk h`rsgd kqgdhp sk ehh smg qe~s`b`qedsr$

Sk rme~g smg ~grqkdr`n`h`s`gr ngs|ggd ehh kf smg qe~s`b`qedsr |`smsmg gdc ~grwhs `d iej`dl ok`ds bkdrgdrwr edc cgb`r`kdr$

Sk kqgdhp qe~s`b`qesg `d smg l~kwqr |k~j$

Sk hge~d er e l~kwq edc ìq~kvg cep sk cep$

@s `r ìqk~seds fk~ smkrg q~`db`qhgr sk ng ~grqgbsgc |`sm`d smgb`~bhg kf rwqqk~s$ \m`bm `r |mp( ehh kf smg qe~s`b`qedsr iwrs mevg smg`~cws`gr bhge~( ngbewrg ksmg~|`rg( |g ~wd smg ~`rj kf dks ~gehhp mev`dl e


33/151

\mes `r QBQ; 22

spqg kf qhedd`dl |`sm ~grqgbs edc c`ld`sp sk|e~cr smg bgds~eh qg~rkdedc sk|e~cr smg ~grs kf smg qe~s`b`qedsr$

Ele`d( be~~p`dl kws iggs`dlr ckgr dks gdrw~g smes smg q~kbgrr `rqg~rkd bgds~gc$ \g iwrs ~giging~ smes kdg kf smg q~`db`qeh serjr kf smg

l~kwq `r sk h`rsgd sk smg bgds~eh qg~rkd( edc wq wds`h dk| |g mevgnggd wrgc sk sehj`dl fk~ smgi$ Fk~ g}eiqhg( ìel`dg e iggs`dl |mg~gsmg feb`h`sesk~ erjr smg bgds~eh qg~rkd? \mes ck pkw h`jg; Edc e fei`hpiging~ k~ q~kfgrr`kdeh rqgejr fk~ smgi edc repr? smes mg k~ rmg h`jgr skcedbg( h`jgr sk ges( h`jgr sk lk kws fk~ e |ehj Smg febs `r smes rqgej`dlfk~ mì+mg~ `r dks ehhk|`dl smgi sk qe~s`b`qesg( edc |mes |g mevg ckdgwds`h dk| ~gkbbw~r edc ed grrgdsèh vehwg kf QBQ `r i`rrgc: smes smgqg~rkd fgghr vehwgc$ Kd kbber`kdr smkrg |mk rw~~kwdc smg qg~rkd( gvgd

smkrg |mk jdk| edc hkvg smgi smg ikrs( bed lgs smg`~ q~gfg~gdbgr`dbk~~gbs Z2>Y( |m`bm `r |mp( `s `r ìqk~seds smes bgds~eh qg~rkd `r smg kdg|mk cgb`cgr fk~ smgirghvgr edc cgb`cgr |mes smg`~ h`jgr edc smg`~`dsg~grsr e~g$

\mgd smg qg~rkd mer dks pgs cgvghkqgc smg en`h`s`gr |m`bmqg~i`s smgi sk g}q~grr smg`~ q~gfg~gdbgr -en`h`s`gr sk bkiiwd`besg( skbmkkrg) smgd( `d smg igerw~g kf |mes `r qkrr`nhg( e |ep rmkwhc ng|k~jgc kws sk erbg~se`d mk| smg qg~rkd bed f`dc smgirghvgr `d e

qkr`s`kd smes s~whp ehhk|r smgi sk sejg bkds~kh kf smg`~ k|d h`fg$Iged|m`hg `dsg~grsr edc q~gfg~gdbgr bed ng g}qhk~gc sm~kwlm edgvehwes`kd rprsgi Z2>Y$ \g |`hh ng q~kv`c`dl ecc`s`kdeh `dfk~ies`kdkd sm`r( hesg~$

Ehrk( h`fg qhedr smes e~g kwsh`dgc `d smg iggs`dlr ck dks `d febslwe~edsgg smes sm`r bed ng hesg~ s~edrhesgc `dsk ~geh`sp$ E ~ghes`vghpf~guwgds q~knhgi `d smg q~ebs`bg kf QBQ `r smes iedp qhedr ~gie`d erig~g g}g~b`rgr kd qeqg~$ Rswc`gr g}`rs smes |e~d kf iedp kf smgrg bergr

|mg~g `dc`v`cweh qhedr |g~g kwsh`dgc( nws |g~g dks smgd s~edrfg~~gc sksmg ce`hp q~kl~eiig Z65YZ73Y$

Sm`r `r |mp( sm~kwlmkws smg gds`~g q~kbgrr smes smg bkdrsedbpedc ~ghes`kdrm`q kf smg l~kwq iwrs ng bkds`dwgc edc smgp iwrs mevg ers~kdl bkii`sigds sk|e~cr smg esse`digds kf e bkiikd q~kogbs$ @s `rv`seh sk ie`dse`d e m`lm hgvgh kf bkii`sigds sm~kwlmkws( edc fk~ gebmqg~rkd sk be~~p kws smg`~ eds`b`qesgc cws`gr fk~ smg fwsw~g kf smg q~kbgrredc fk~ smg qg~rkd Z66Y$ Bkhhenk~es`kd( er |ghh er bkii`sigds( `r ehrk

~guw`~gc sk ~grkhvg q~knhgir( er iwbm `d smg iggs`dlr er kwsr`cg kfsmgi$ E b`~bhg kf rwqqk~s iep bkig eb~krr iedp ne~~`g~r edcc`ff`bwhs`gr er smgp bkds`dwg ecvedb`dl$ @s `r ìqk~seds sk `cgds`fp smgirk smes smgp e~g enhg sk rw~qerr smgi$


34/151

F`~rs Bmeqsg~ 23

\`sm ~gle~cr sk smgrg l~kwqr( smg kdhp sm`dl `s hgevgr wr sk ecc `rsmes smg ~geh |k~j rse~sr kwsr`cg smg iggs`dlr$ @s `r smg b`~bhg kf rwqqk~srqe~s`b`qedsr |mk iejg qgkqhgr c~geir ngbkig ~geh`sp( np be~~p`dl kwsrqgb`f`b serjr kd e cep sk cep ner`r$

Smg b`~bhg kf rwqqk~sr feb`h`sesk~

\mk `r smg QBQ feb`h`sesk~;

@d smg f`ghc kf QBQ smg feb`h`sesk~ `r smg qg~rkd smes feb`h`sesgrsmg qhedd`dl q~kbgrr( smg kdg |mk feb`h`sesgr smg c`~gbs`kd sk ng sejgd `dsmg iggs`dlr edc feb`h`sesgr smg q~kbgrr kf QBQ$ Smg`~ ~khg `r vg~pìqk~seds kdg er `r smg qe~s`b`qedsr ~khg `d smg b`~bhg kf rwqqk~s$

Smg |k~c feb`h`sesk~ igedr sk err`rs `d smg fkbwr edc fhk| kf smgqe~s`b`qedsr `d smg iggs`dlr edc sej`dl bme~lg kf rqggc`dl wq smgq~kbgrr kf ~grqgbsfwh cèhklwgr$ Smg qg~rkd |mk kbbwq`gr sm`r ~khgq~kv`cgr ed ebs`vg ess`swcg |m`bm c~`vgr gebm kdg kf smg qe~s`b`qedsrbkds~`nws`kdr edc `dvkhvgr ng`dl enhg sk iks`vesg edc gdbkw~elg smgl~kwq$

Ed ìqk~seds iessg~ `r( smg feb`h`sesk~ `r smg kdg |mkfeb`h`sesgr(ngbewrg kvg~ehh( smg kdgr |mk be~~p kws smg cep sk cep serjr e~g smgl~kwqr qe~s`b`qedsr edc smkrg smes rw~~kwdc smg qg~rkd$ Smes `r dks skrep smes smg feb`h`sesk~ ckgr dks mevg serjr( `d febs( smgp mevg iedp~grqkdr`n`h`s`gr( nws smgp mkhc c`ffg~gds kdgr `d ~grqgbs sk smg ~grs kf smgqe~s`b`qedsr bme~ebsg~`rs`br$ Smg feb`h`sesk~r ~khg `r grrgdsèh fk~ QBQrrwbbgrr$

\mk bed ng smg feb`h`sesk~;

@d smg ieok~`sp kf kbber`kdr( smg feb`h`sesk~ |`hh ng e q~kfgrr`kdehf~ki smg gcwbes`kdeh f`ghc: g`smg~ fk~ieh -`d e qwnh`b rgbsk~ rbmkkh) k~`dfk~ieh -`d e cep bgds~g( |k~j( gsb$) edc |mk ehrk |k~jr c`~gbshp |`smsmg bgds~eh qg~rkd edc jdk|r smg ~grs kf smg l~kwqr qe~s`b`qedsr$ @s `rìqk~seds smes smg feb`h`sesk~ `r rkigkdg |mki smg bgds~eh qg~rkdvehwgr edc np |mki smgp bed fggh rwqqk~sgc$

@s `r ~gbkiigdcenhg smes smg feb`h`sesk~ `r e qg~rkd |mk jdk|rsmg q~`db`qhgr edc fwdceigdsehr kf QBQr qm`hkrkqmp$ @s `r q~knenhp smg

ngrs( `d smg ngl`dd`dl smes smg feb`h`sesk~r ~khg `r f`hhgc np e q~kfgrr`kdeh|mk mer ehhkbesgc sìg cgc`besgc sk smkrg cws`gr |`sm`d smg`~ |k~j`dlcep( ehsmkwlm ng`dl ~geh`rs`b( fk~ sm`r( `s `r dgbgrre~p smes QBQrigsmkckhklp f`~rs ìq~gldesgr smg bwhsw~eh edc rkbèh qkh`b`gr b~ges`dl oknr fk~ feb`h`sesk~r edc err`ld`dl ed gbkdki`b qe~s fk~ sm`r eì sk ngq~grgds `d smg rg~v`bgr nwclgsr$


35/151

\mes `r QBQ; 27

@d smg berg smes smg cws`gr mevg dks nggd ehhkbesgc( smgfeb`h`sesk~r serjr ~gie`d `d smg medcr kf e q~kfgrr`kdeh( rk smes smgp e~genhg sk mghq |`sm edp ed}`gs`gr edc iks`ves`kdr smes smg b`~bhg kfrwqqk~s mer$ Smgrg q~kfgrr`kdehr iejg e mwlg gffk~s edc bkdbg~dsmgirghvgr |`sm e bkiikd knogbs`vg? sk ìq~kvg smg h`fg kf smg qg~rkdsmes smgp jdk|( `d e c`r`dsg~grsgc |ep edc np ~gehhp `ds~`dr`biks`ves`kdr$ Er |g mevg re`c( smg feb`h`sesk~r ~khg bed gig~lg f~kiqg~rkdeh iks`ves`kd k~ f~ki e bgds~gr `d`sès`vg |mk mevg cgb`cgc sk`dbk~qk~esg QBQr igsmkckhklp$ @d sm`r hers berg |`sm smg bgds~g( kdg `rsk ~giging~ |mk `r( k~ |mk e~g lk`dl sk ng smg qgkqhg smes |`hh ebs ersmg feb`h`sesk~$ @d sm`r |ep( sìg bed ng ess~`nwsgc sk |k~j |`sm sm`r k~smgrg qgkqhg |`sm ed eì sk feb`h`sesg gffgbs`vghp |`sm smg QBQ l~kwq$ Kdksmg~ kbber`kdr edc cgqgdc`dl kd ksmg~ febsk~r( smg feb`h`sesk~r bed ng

g}sg~deh elgdsr |mk e~g |ghh s~e`dgc `d smg f`ghc kf QBQ$ Smgp bed ehrks~e`d ksmg~ feb`h`sesk~r |mk mghq smgi |`sm smg q~kbgrr( k~ smgp bed ebsc`~gbshp er feb`h`sesk~r kf smg l~kwqr edc es e hesg~ rselg( cghglesg smg`~fwdbs`kd sk edksmg~ q~kfgrr`kdeh$

Smg feb`h`sesk~r q~kf`hg bed bmedlg( fk~ g}eiqhg( fk~ smg f`~rs fg|pge~r `s bed ng e q~kfgrr`kdeh edc hesg~ `s bkwhc ng e fei`hp iging~ f~kismg b`~bhg kf rwqqk~s( bkdr`cg~`dl smes sm`r qg~rkd iwrs ng q~gqe~gc skwdcg~sejg sm`r dg| ~khg$ Dgvg~smghgrr( `s `r eh|epr ecv`renhg smes smg

qg~rkd |mk `r lk`dl sk sejg kd smg dg| feb`h`sesk~r ~khg -e fei`hpiging~( er smg g}eiqhg enkvg) `r rwqg~v`rgc np e q~kfgrr`kdeh$

@d gvg~p berg `s `r dgbgrre~p smes smg feb`h`sesk~ mer rqgbèhs~e`d`dl `d QBQ edc `d smg cws`gr smes mevg sk ng qg~fk~igc$ Hesg~ kd( `dsmg fkw~sm bmeqsg~( e q~kqkreh fk~ sm`r s~e`d`dl `r q~kv`cgc$

Mk| `r smg feb`h`sesk~ bmkrgd;

Men`swehhp( smg feb`h`sesk~( wrwehhp e q~kfgrr`kdeh( q~kqkrgr edcgdbkw~elgr smg fk~i`dl kf e b`~bhg kf rwqqk~s e~kwdc rkigkdg |mkdggcr `s$ Ksmg~ sìgr smg feb`h`sesk~ `r rghgbsgc `d smg iggs`dlr( rk smes ehhkf smg qe~s`b`qedsr ~gbkld`rg edc ebbgqs smg`~ ~khg$ @s `r grrgdsèh smes smgbgds~eh qg~rkd mer e lkkc ~ghes`kdrm`q |`sm mì+mg~( smes smgp fgghmeqqp edc s~wrs smes smgp bed rwqqk~sgc np smgi `d smg q~kbgrr$ @s bedehrk ng smg berg smes e |k~~`gc fei`hp iging~ |edsr smg ~khg kfhgecg~rm`q( rk smes smgp hgec e ik~g bkiqhgsg edc `dvkhvgc h`fg |`sm smg

qg~rkd `d dggc kf rwqqk~s$ @d smgrg bergr `s iwrs ng errgrrgc |mk `rlk`dl sk ng smg qg~rkd |mk feb`h`sesgr smg q~kbgrr( ehsmkwlm er |g mevgeh~gecp rwllgrsgc( es smg ngl`dd`dl `s `r ecv`renhg smes sm`r ~khg ng f`hhgcnp e q~kfgrr`kdeh$


36/151

F`~rs Bmeqsg~ 26

Kd iedp kbber`kdr smg q~kqkreh kf QBQ e~`rgr f~ki smg bgds~gr|m`bm kffg~ sm`r rg~v`bg$ @d sm`r |ep smg iedelgigds k~ smg`~ k|dq~kfgrr`kdehr f~ki sm`r bgds~g bed `d`sèsg e ikcgh kf QBQ edc bed b~gesgb`~bhgr kf rwqqk~s e~kwdc e qg~rkd$ @d e bgds~g |mg~g rkigkdg `r ng`dl`ds~kcwbgc sk QBQ edc smg q~knhgi e~`rgr enkws |mk rmkwhc ng smgfeb`h`sesk~( smg q~kfgrr`kdeh |mk mer smg ngrs ~ghes`kdrm`q |`sm smgbgds~eh qg~rkd edc |mk jdk|r smg fwdceigdsehr kf QBQ( `r smg ngrsqg~rkd sk lw`cg smg q~kbgrr$

Kd ksmg~ kbber`kdr( smg~g |`hh ng ed g}sg~deh qg~rkd |mk kffg~rsmg ikcgh kf QBQ$ Sm`r `r smg berg `d Gdlhedc( |mg~g smg~g g}`rsr l~kwqrkf q~kfgrr`kdehr |mk e~g edr|g~enhg sk smg rsesg$ Smg q~kfgrr`kdehr kfsmkrg l~kwqr e~g c`~gbsgc `d rbmkkh bgds~gr sk gdbkw~elg edc be~~p kws

iggs`dlr e~kwdc e rswcgds |mk bkigr eb~krr ne~~`g~r |mgd hge~d`dledc qe~s`b`qes`dl$ @d smg iggs`dl smkrg |mk qe~s`b`qesg e~g smg kdgr|mk smg nkp+l`~h k~ eckhgrbgds( h`jg smg ikrs edc smkrg |`sm |mkismgp rqgdc ikrs kf smg`~ sìg$ Smg knogbs`vg `r sk ebm`gvg e q~kqkreh kfqg~rkd bgds~gc rwqqk~s edc qhed ~grkw~bgr `d ecvedbg$

\mes e~g smg feb`h`sesk~r cws`gr;

Smg feb`h`sesk~r cws`gr e~g smg jgp sk QBQr rwbbgrr$ @f smg ~gecg~

`r lk`dl sk eckqs sm`r ~khg( `s `r ìqk~seds sk nge~ `d i`dc smg fkhhk|`dlcws`gr Z5=Y$ Smg feb`h`sesk~r ~grqkdr`n`h`s`gr e~g?

Sk q~gqe~g edc sk c~`vg smg l~kwqr iggs`dlr$

Sk `dvkhvg edc iks`vesg smg fei`hp sk qe~s`b`qesg `d smg q~kbgrredc mghq smg l~kwq sk errwig serjr( rk smes smg qe~s`b`qedsr bedhge~d fk~ smgirghvgr$

Sk gdbkw~elg smg b`~bhg kf rwqqk~s sk |k~j sklgsmg~ `d e

bkdrs~wbs`vg |ep edc sk|e~cr e qkr`s`vg v`r`kd$ Sm`r `r kdg kfsmg ikrs ìqk~seds ~grqkdr`n`h`s`gr kf ed gffgbs`vg feb`h`sesk~ Z6>Y$

Sk k~`gdsesg edc feb`h`sesg smg q~kbgrr sk |k~j kd e |ep kf~geh`r`dl smg bgds~eh qg~rkdr c~geir$

Sk bkhhgbs `dfk~ies`kd cw~`dl edc efsg~ smg iggs`dlr kd erqgbsrrwbm er smg cgb`r`kdr smes mevg nggd iecg( smg iesg~èhr wrgcedc ksmg~ ~ghgveds erqgbsr( h`jg smg ~gfhgbs`kdr kd |mes mer nggd

c`rbwrrgc edc q~kqkrehr sk ìq~kvg fwsw~g iggs`dlr$ Sm`r`dfk~ies`kd iwrs ~gq~grgds smg l~kwqr kq`d`kd edc qk`ds kfv`g|$ @f sm`r `dfk~ies`kd `r bkiq`hgc kd e |gn qelg -h`jg `dRwqqk~s`vg Gpgr $ k~l) `s kffg~r rkig bhge~ ecvedselgr( erebbgrr sk smg `dfk~ies`kd bed ng feb`h`sesgc np ehh kf smg b`~bhg kfrwqqk~sr qe~s`b`qedsr f~ki smg`~ mkigr$ Ehrk `s `r qksgdsèhhp( e


37/151

\mes `r QBQ; 2>Y$ @d smgberg |mg~g e bkdfh`bs e~`rgr `d e sgei( smg feb`h`sesk~ `r sk ng `dbme~lg kf ebs`dl er e igcèsk~$ @s `r wrweh smes smg~g |`hh ngc`ffg~gdbgr kf kq`d`kdr `d smg iggs`dlr edc bkdfh`bsr |`hh e~`rgngs|ggd smg qe~s`b`qedsr$ Fk~ g}eiqhg( smg qe~gdsr iep dks ng `del~ggigds |`sm smg q~kfgrr`kdehr f~ki smg bgds~g enkws bg~se`derqgbsr kf smg rbmkkh k~ bgds~g |mg~g smg bgds~eh qg~rkd essgdcr$

Smg ~khg kf smg feb`h`sesk~ `r sk jggq k~`gdsesgc edc sk feb`h`sesgqkr`s`vg smkwlmsr edc bkdf`cgdbg( |m`bm smg q~kbgrr ~guw`~gredc sk gdrw~g smes smg qe~s`b`qedsr e~g meqqp es gvg~p ikigds$\`sm`d smg cws`gr kf igcès`kd Z62Y ed el~ggigds rmkwhc ngiecg ngs|ggd smg c`ffg~gds qe~s`b`qedsr kf smg l~kwq edc elwe~edsgg smes smg vehwgr kf QBQ e~g fwhf`hhgc$

Smg~gfk~g( smg ~khg kf smg l~kwqr feb`h`sesk~ `r grrgdsèh `d smgq~kbgrr edc fk~ smg rwbbgrr kf QBQ Z22Y$ @s `r ìqk~seds smes smgfeb`h`sesk~r |k~j fk~ e fhg}`nhg rwqqk~s( nergc kd smg bgds~eh qg~rkdren`h`s`gr( edc smes `d bkhhenk~es`kd |`sm smg ksmg~ qe~s`b`qedsr smgp bedbkdrs~wbs qhedr edc |`rmgr fk~ smg fwsw~g Z63Y$

E feb`h`sesk~( |mk be~~`gr kws smg`~ qkr`s`kd |ghh( mghqr smg b`~bhgkf rwqqk~s sk ie`dse`d `sr fkbwr kd smg`~ `dsgds`kdr( cgb`cgr |mesc`~gbs`kd smg iggs`dlr rmkwhc lk edc smes smg bgds~eh qg~rkd rwrse`dr em`lm hgvgh kf qe~s`b`qes`kd$ Sm`r bed gdse`h knse`d`dl `dfk~ies`kd enkwssmg ~ghes`kdrm`qr ngs|ggd smg sgeir qe~s`b`qedsr ngfk~g e iggs`dl `rrse~sgc Z>>Y edc enkws mk| smg bgds~eh qg~rkd bed bkds~`nwsg ik~g$ @decc`s`kd( smg feb`h`sesk~ rmkwhc be~~p kws ed edehpr`r edc ~gfhgbs`kd smes|`hh err`rs edc ìq~kvg smg q~kbgrr$


38/151

F`~rs Bmeqsg~ 2=

Er |g |`hh rgg `d hesg~ bmeqsg~r( smg~g e~g kdh`dg bkw~rgreve`henhg fk~ s~e`d`dl er e feb`h`sesk~$


39/151

Bmeqsg~ S|k

S~ec`s`kdeh skkhr `d QBQ

Smg M`rsk~`beh cgvghkqigds kf smg igsmkckhklp kf QBQ@d smg ikcgh kf QBQ( c`ffg~gds spqgr kf skkhr mevg nggd

cgvghkqgc sk wrg `d smg iggs`dlr edc sk mghq smg bgds~eh qg~rkd skbkds~`nwsg$ Kvg~ smg pge~r( smgrg skkhr mevg nggd gvkhv`dl edcìq~kv`dl sk fevkw~ smg wdcg~rsedc`dl kf smg q~kbgrr fk~ smg qg~rkdedc fk~ smg b`~bhg kf rwqqk~s$

Sk fkhhk|( |g |`hh q~grgds smg ikrs r`ld`f`beds skkhr edc smgikrs |`cgrq~gec wrg( `d bm~kdkhkl`beh k~cg~ Z>1Y?

SMG F@^RS FKW^ EQQ^KEBMGR?

Smg f`~rs fkw~ eqq~kebmgr kf QBQr eqq~k}ìes`kd gig~l`dlf~ki 50=1 |g~g ? S|gdspFkw~ Mkw~ Qhedd`dl( Lgss`dl sk Jdk| Pkw(@dc`v`cweh Rg~v`bg Cgr`ld edc Qg~rkdeh Fwsw~g Qhedr?

S|gdspFkw~ Mkw~ Qhedd`dl Z67Y?

Smg f`~rs essgiqsr |g~g be~~`gc kws `d Bedece f~ki smg =1r$ Sm`r

eqq~kebm |er k~`gdsesgc sk|e~cr smg qgkqhg |mkrg kqqk~swd`s`gr |g~gr`ld`f`bedshp ~gcwbgc ngbewrg smgp mec bkig eb~krr bkiiwd`bes`vgne~~`g~r `d smg bkiiwd`sp$

Smg S|gdspFkw~ Mkw~ Qhedd`dl eqq~kebmbgds~gc kd smg rg~v`bgrsk cgvghkq edc b~gesg `dc`v`cweh qhedr |m`bm rqgb`f`gc smg g}ebsq~kl~eiig edc rwqqk~s smes e qg~rkd dggcgc sk ng enhg sk lgs `dvkhvgc`d fwdbs`kdeh edc r`ld`f`beds ebs`v`s`gr$

Lgss`dl sk jdk| pkw Z>1Y

Sm`r eqq~kebm |er cgr`ldgc sk cgf`dg |mes rkbèh rg~v`bg~grkw~bgr |g~g ~guw`~gc sk l`vg `dc`v`cweh`rgc rwqqk~s$ Lgdg~ehRg~v`bg Qhedr |g~g b~gesgc( c`~gbsgc sk|e~cr `dc`v`cweh dggcr( |m`bm


40/151

Rgbkdc bmeqsg~ 31

|g~g vg~p q~gb`rg enkws |mes err`rsedbg smg qg~rkd dggcgc( nws hgrrrqgb`f`b enkws mk| sm`r mghq rmkwhc ng eci`d`rsg~gc$

@dc`v`cweh Rg~v`bg Cgr`ld Z66Y

Sm`r eqq~kebm |er cgvghkqgc `d smg rkwsm gers kf Ierrebmwrgssredc `s |er c`~gbsgc es qgkqhg |mk fkwdc smgirghvgr `d e s~edr`s`kdehqg~`kc sk ecwhs h`fg$ Smg eqq~kebm lw`cgc smg |k~jg~r sk|e~cr e cggqg~wdcg~rsedc`dl kf smg wrg~r g}qg~`gdbg edc smg~gfk~g( smgp bkwhc`db~gerg smg`~ s`gr |`sm smgi$ Smg igsmkckhklp gdbkw~elgc bkdr`cg~`dlsmg `dc`v`cwehr `cgds`sp sm~kwlm?

) E be~gfwh( v`seh ~gv`g| kf smg`~ m`rsk~p$

) E cgf`d`s`kd kf smg ~ghes`kdr ngs|ggd smg `dc`v`cweh g}qg~`gdbgr

edc smg q~kbgrr kf rkbèh cgvehwes`kd |m`bm ed `drs`sws`kdeh h`fggdse`hr$

) E bkiqe~`rkd kf smg qg~rkdr g}qg~`gdbgr `d uwgrs`kd( bkds~ersgc|`sm smg g}qg~`gdbgr kf smg ksmg~ qe~s`b`qedsr `d smg l~kwq$

Qhedgr Qg~rkdehgr cg Fwsw~k+Qg~rkdeh fwsw~gr Qhedd`dl Z66Y

Sm`r eqq~kebm `r fkbwrgc kd nw`hc`dl ~ghes`kdrm`qr |`sm smgfei`hp( f~`gdcr edc smg bkiiwd`sp$ Smg~gfk~g( `s bgds~gr hgrr kd smgrg~v`bgr edc smg rs~esgl`gr edc ik~g kd smg ~ghes`kdrm`qr$

Smg |k~j `r bgds~gc kd err`rs`dl qgkqhg sk f`dc e okn( |`sm smgmghq kf |k~jrmkqr edc ehrk sk ebm`gvg `dsgl~es`kd `dsk smg bkiiwd`sp|mgd smes smg qg~rkd hgevgr smg `drs`sws`kd Z66Y$ Es gvg~p rsgq( dg|q~knhgir edc iessg~r bed e~`rg( |m`bm e~g knh`lgc sk ng ~gf`dgc(

bmgbjgc edc sk rq~gec smg fkbwr |`sm dg| bkds~`nwsk~r( |mk |kwhcn~`dl dg| en`h`s`gr edc jdk|hgclg$

@DSGÎGC@ESG EQQ^KEBM?

F~ki 50=75001 s|k eqq~kebmgr |g~g cgvghkqgc?

Dg| Mesr Z>1Y

Sm`r |er cgvghkqgc np Gi`hp Bw~s`r( |mk |k~jgc `d e bgds~g

|`sm qgkqhg |`sm fwdbs`kdeh c`vg~r`sp$ Smg eqq~kebm k~`l`desgc |mgdrmg rse~sgc sk ~gbkld`rg smes iedp qgkqhg |mk essgdcgc smg bgds~gr mecm`lm beqen`h`s`gr edc c~geir$ @d febs( iedp kf smg q~kfgrr`kdehr gvgd`ldk~gc smgrg c~geir edc iecg smgi c`reqqge~$ Sm`r `r |mp( sm`reqq~kebm `r bgds~gc kd b~ges`dl e rg~`gr kf iesg~èhr smes qg~i`s smgqg~rkd sk sm`dj( cgb`cg edc bkiiwd`besg smg`~ c~geir edc `dsg~grsr sk


41/151

S~ec`s`kdeh skkhr `d QBQ 35

smkrg qgkqhg `dvkhvgc$ Fk~ g}eiqhg( kdg kf smg iesg~`ehr bkdr`rsgc kfq~kqkr`dl sk smg qg~rkd e rg~`gr kf ebs`v`s`gr `d e v`rweh |ep( rk smes smgp|g~g enhg sk bmkkrg |m`bm kf smgrg smgp |kwhc h`jg sk err`rs smgi edc `dsm`r |ep |g~g enhg sk g}sgdc smg`~ `dsg~grsr$

Iej`dl Ebs`kd Qhedr edc B`~bhgr kf F~`gdcr -IEQr)

IEQr Z6$ \mes `r smg `dc`v`cwehr m`rsk~p;

2$ \mes `r smg`~ c~gei( |mes ck smgp |eds sk ng;

3$ \mes e~g pkw~ bkdbg~dr;

7$ \mk `r smg bgds~eh qg~rkd;

6$ \mes beqen`h`s`gr( sehgdsr edc en`h`s`gr ck smgp mevg;


42/151

Rgbkdc bmeqsg~ 3>

@hhwrs~es`kd 2? E l~eqm`b ~gq~grgdses`kd kf smg uwgrs`kdr erjgc `d IEQ$

Ehh kf smg b`~bhg kf rwqqk~sr qe~s`b`qedsr iwrs ~grqkdc sk smgrguwgrs`kdr$ F`dehhp smg feb`h`sesk~ bkiq`hgr e rwiie~p kf smg ikrsìqk~seds erqgbsr sk iejg smg qhed$ Ehh kf smg `dfk~ies`kd lesmg~gc bedng rmeqgc l~eqm`behhp fkhhk|`dl e rì`he~ rbmgig sk smg cèl~ei nghk|?

@hhwrs~es`kd 3? L~eqm`b ~gq~grgdses`kd kf IEQ$

mssq?++|||$qbq`dmeiqrm`~g$dgs+~grkw~bgr+
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43/151


B`~bhgr kf rwqqk~s> -ehrk jdk|d er b`~bhgr kf f~`gdcr)? Sm`r skkh `rgiqmer`rgc `d rkbèh ~ghes`kdrm`qr( ed grrgdsèh e~ge `d QBQ$ Vg~p kfsgd(qgkqhg |`sm fwdbs`kdeh c`vg~r`sp mevg e hebj kf f~`gdcr |`sm |mki smgpbed rme~g g}qg~`gdbgr k~ mevg fwd( sm`r bed ehrk ng hebj`dl |`sm`d smg`~fei`hp ~ghes`kdrm`qr$ Fk~ sm`r ~gerkd( qe~s kf QBQr q~kbgrr rmkwhc ngk~`gdsesgc sk ìq~kv`dl smg dgs|k~j kf rkbèh ~ghes`kdrm`qr `d c`ffg~gdsbkdsg}sr kf smg qg~rkdr h`fg$ Smg b`~bhgr skkh q~kqkrgr ed kqqk~swd`sp skknrg~vg smg bgds~eh qg~rkdr q~grgds ~ghes`kdrm`qr edc feb`h`sesgkqqk~swd`s`gr sk g}qedc smgrg ~ghes`kdrm`qr$

Smg B`~bhg kf F~`gdcr ( `r l~eqm`behhp rmk|d np fkw~ bkdbgds~`bb`~bhgr( |m`bm fk~i e~kwdc smg bgds~eh qg~rkd$ Gebm b`~bhg `r bherr`f`gcedc wdcg~rskkc er smg fkhhk|`dl?

@hhwrs~es`kd 7? B`~bhg kf F~`gdcr skkh Z6 Ed g}sgdcgc g}qhedes`kd kf smg B`~bhg kf F~`gdcr skkh bed ng fkwdckd mssq?++|||$`dbhwr`vgrkhws`kdr$bki+b`~bhgrkff~`gdcr$erq

BGDSÊH

QG^RKD

FEI@HP

F^@GDCRM@Q

Q^KFGRR@KDEHR

RG^V@BG

RGBSK^R
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44/151

Rgbkdc bmeqsg~ 33

Smg rgbkdc `r smg b`~bhg kf f~`gdcrm`q edc `s `dbhwcgr smg bgds~ehqg~rkdr ngrs f~`gdcr edc bhkrg ~ghes`kdr$ Sm`r b`~bhg `r kdg |m`bmq~kv`cgr e vg~p ìqk~seds rwqqk~s dgs|k~j( rk |mgd sm`r b`~bhg ckgr dksg}`rs desw~ehhp( `s `r ìqk~seds sk ngl`d sk feb`h`sesg `sr cgvghkqigds$

Smg sm`~c b`~bhg `r smg q~kfgrr`kdehr edc `dbhwcgr smg qgkqhg edck~led`res`kdr |m`bm e~g `dvkhvgc |`sm smg qg~rkd$ Fk~ g}eiqhg?errkbès`kdr( bkiqed`gr( g}s~e rbmkkh ebs`v`sp l~kwqr( hg`rw~g l~kwqr(gsb$

Smg fkw~sm b`~bhg `r smg rg~v`bgr rgbsk~ edc `dbhwcgr smkrgqgkqhg |mk qe~s`b`qesg `d smg bgds~eh qg~rkdr h`fg edc e~g ~giwdg~esgc$

Smg bherr`f`bes`kdr kf smg c`ffg~gds b`~bhgr e~g eh|epr sejgd `dsk

ebbkwds pgs `s rmkwhc ehrk ng bkdr`cg~gc smes smgrg bed ve~p es sìgr$Fk~ g}eiqhg( e qg~rkd bed ikvg f~ki kdg b`~bhg sk edksmg~ kvg~ sìgedc `s iep ng smg berg smes e qg~rkd |mk |er `d smg b`~bhg fw~smgrs e|epf~ki smg bgds~eh qg~rkd ebuw`~gr e rs~kdl bkii`sigds |`sm smgi edcsmg~gfk~g qerrgr sk smg b`~bhg smes `r smg bhkrgrs sk smgi$ @s `r ehrk qkrr`nhgsk qhebg smg reig qg~rkd `d s|k c`ffg~gds b`~bhgr$

Es q~grgds( smg B`~bhg kf F~`gdcr skkh `r e vg~p wrgfwhigsmkckhklp edc `s `r bkdr`cg~gc e qk|g~fwh |ep sk feb`h`sesg smg

wdcg~rsedc`dl kf rkbèh ~ghes`kdrm`qr fk~ qgkqhg |`sm fwdbs`kdehc`vg~r`sp$ @s `r e skkh smes kqgdr wq `df`d`sg kqqk~swd`s`gr fk~q~kfgrr`kdehr |mk sklgsmg~ |`sm smg bgds~eh qg~rkd e~g enhg sk ~gfhgbs kdsmg rkbèh ~ghes`kdrm`qr$

IEQr edc smg B`~bhg kf F~`gdcr e~g skkhr |m`bm e~g vg~p iwbmws`h`rgc es sm`r q~grgds sìg `d Smg Wd`sgc Rsesgr kf Eig~`be edc `dGdlhedc( |`sm ksmg~ bkwds~`gr ngl`dd`dl sk `dbk~qk~esg smgi er |ghh$Smgrg skkhr mevg nggd wrgc `d smg gcwbes`kdeh f`ghc( grqgbèhhp QBQ

|`sm`d rbmkkhr( |mg~g cgqgdc`dl kd gebm `dc`v`cwehr ìigcèsggdv`~kdigds e fg| eceqses`kdr mevg mec sk ng iecg sk smg c`ffg~gdsb`~bhgr$ Fk~ g}eiqhg( `d sm`r |ep rbmkkh f~`gdcr e~g qhebgc `dsk gebmc`ffg~gds b`~bhg cgqgdc`dl kd smg cgl~gg kf f~`gdcrm`q smgp mevg edcmk| bhkrg smgp e~g sk smg bgds~eh qg~rkd$ Smkrg |mk mevg e bhkrg~~ghes`kdrm`q |`sm smg bgds~eh qg~rkd |`hh ng `d smg b`~bhg bhkrgrs sk smgi$Es smg ikigds smg B`~bhg kf F~`gdcr edc IEQr e~g rkig kf smg ikrs|`cghp wrgc ~grkw~bgr `d smg gcwbes`kdeh f`ghc |m`bm e~g `d fevkw~ kf

`dbhwr`kd fk~ edp rswcgdsr |mk bkig eb~krr ne~~`g~r sk qe~s`b`qesg( qhepedc hge~d `d ed k~c`de~p bherr~kki$

SMG DG\ EQQ^KEBMGR Z>1Y?

R`dbg 500> dg| eqq~kebmgr mevg nggd cgvghkqgc e~kwdc QBQ$Smgrg dg| igsmkckhkl`gr ~gq~grgds smg fwdceigdseh skkhr `d q~grgds


45/151


cep h`fg edc smgp bkdr`rs kf smg igsmkckhklp nergc kd smg qg~rkdbgds~gc q~kbgrr$ @d febs( `s eff`~ir smes QBQ `r ~gq~grgdsgc er e fei`hp kfeqq~k}ìes`kdr edc sgbmdùwgr( |m`bm rme~g bme~ebsg~`rs`br edc |epr skq~kbggc sk rwrse`d smg`~ vehwgr$

Smg ikrs bkiikd rs~esgl`gr q~grgds e~g? L~kwq Ebs`kd Qhedd`dl-LEQ)( Fei`h`gr F`~rs( \mkhg H`fg Qhedd`dl( Qg~rkdeh Rsk~`gr( GrrgdsèhH`fgrsphg Qhedd`dl -GHQ) edc hershp Qhedd`dl Ehsg~des`vg Skik~~k|r |`smMkqg -QESM)$ Smgrg rqgb`f`b rs~esgl`gr bed ng wrgc es edp ikigdssm~kwlmkws e qg~rkdr h`fg( |mgd iej`dl ìqk~seds s~edr`s`kdr edccw~`dl ikigdsr kf rs~grr$

@d smg c`ffg~gds igsmkckhkl`gr( e men`sweh cpdei`b bkdr`rsr kfbe~~p`dl kws uwgrs`kdr enkws ìqk~seds erqgbsr kf smg bgds~eh qg~rkdr

h`fg$ Gvg~p igsmkckhklp jggqr `sr k|d rqgbèh bme~ebsg~`rs`br np mev`dle rg~`gr kf c`ffg~gds uwgrs`kdr( ehsmkwlm smgp mevg smg reig fgesw~g `dbkiikd |m`bm `r smes smgp e~g ehh enkws lgss`dl sk jdk| smg qg~rkd$Smg~g `r dks kdg skkh |m`bm `r ngssg~ smes smg ksmg~( `s `r smg feb`h`sesk~ k~smg b`~bhg kf rwqqk~s |mk cgb`cgr |m`bm skkh-r) rmkwhc ng wrgc( sej`dl`dsk bkdr`cg~es`kd smg bgds~eh qg~rkdr dggcr edc smg bkdsg}swehb`~bwirsedbgr$

Dg}s( smg~g `r e ik~g cgse`hgc cgrb~`qs`kd enkws |mes gebmeqq~kebm `dvkhvgr?

L~kwq Ebs`kd Qhedd`dl -LEQ) Z6=Y

Smg knogbs`vg kf sm`r eqq~kebm |er sk rwqqk~s smg l~kwqr kfqe~gdsr |mk |g~g `dsg~grsgc `d `dc`v`cweh`rgc edc k~led`rgc qhedd`dl(|`sm ed eì fk~ smg fei`hpr v`g| sk ng rme~gc edc ng smg reig er smg gcwbes`kdeh edc rkbèh rg~v`bgr$

Fei`h`gr F`~rs Z>1Y

Sm`r eqq~kebm |er e |ep sk sgebm fei`h`gr mk| sk wrg qg~rkdehfwsw~g qhedr edc err`rs smgi `d knse`d`dl rwqqk~s edc gcwbes`kdehrg~v`bgr$

\mkhg H`fg Qhedd`dl Z>1Y

Sm`r eqq~kebm kffg~r qhedd`dl q~kbgcw~gr fk~ `cgds`fp`dl

`dc`v`cweh q~gfg~gdbgr fk~ qgkqhg |`sm fwdbs`kdeh c`vg~r`sp smes e~ghkkj`dl fk~ |k~j$ Fk~ g}eiqhg( es smg ngl`dd`dl e h`rs `r iecg qk`ds`dlkws smg ebs`v`s`gr edc g}qg~`gdbgr |m`bm smg bgds~eh qg~rkd merqe~s`b`qesgc `d edc |mes smgp h`jgc k~ c`rh`jgc enkws gebm ebs`v`sp smes


46/151

Rgbkdc bmeqsg~ 36

smgp be~~`gc kws$ Sm`r rsgq `r smg f`~rs sk ng sejgd `d k~cg~ sk be~~p kws eqhed sk rge~bm fk~ giqhkpigds |`sm ~gfg~gdbg sk smg`~ `dsg~grsr$

Qg~rkdeh Rsk~`gr Z>1Y

Sm`r eqq~kebm rse~sgc kff ng`dl cgvghkqgc `d smg bkiiwd`sp kfq~ebs`bg fk~ sgebm`dl smg q~`db`qhg kf dk~ieh`res`kd2 edc sk gdbkw~elgsmkrg ~grqkdr`nhg fk~ qhedd`dl sk `dvgrs sìg edc ìel`des`kd sk mghqqgkqhg |`sm fwdbs`kdeh c`vg~r`sp sk bkdrs~wbs edc bkiiwd`besg smg`~n`kl~eqm`gr$

Sm`r skkh `r wrgc dk|ecepr `d smg f`ghc kf QBQ( kvg~ehh |`smghcg~hp qgkqhg |mk e~g be~~p`dl kws `dc`v`cweh`rgc qhedr$ Dgvg~smghgrr(`s `r wrgfwh `d ehh bergr kf QBQ$ Smg Qg~rkdeh Rsk~`gr ìqk~sedbg `r nergc

kd ~gfhgbs`kdr kd mk| smg bgds~eh qg~rkdr h`fg wrgc sk ng$ Ed ìqk~sedsfebsk~ |mgd cgvghkq`dl e fwsw~g qhed `r sk sejg `dsk ebbkwds smg h`fg smgqg~rkd mer hgc wds`h dk|$

Grrgdsèh H`fgrsphg Qhedd`dl -GHQ) Z60Y

Sm`r q~kbgrr( |m`bm |er b~gesgc `d 500> `r sk mghq qgkqhg |`smfwdbs`kdeh c`vg~r`sp iejg ed ecguwesg s~edr`s`kd f~ki ed `drs`sws`kd`dsk h`fg `d smg bkiiwd`sp$ GHQ `r e skkh grqgbèhhp wrgfwh fk~ qgkqhg

|mk e~g lk`dl sm~kwlm rkig spqg kf s~edr`s`kd `d smg`~ h`fg$

Grrgdsèh H`fgrsphg Qhedd`dl `r e q~kbgrr |m`bm kffg~r e lw`cg kdmk| sk h`vg edc mk| sk cgvghkq e rwqqk~s qhed sk ebm`gvg c~geir edccgr`~gr$ @s `r e fhg}`nhg q~kbgrr smes bed ng wrgc `d bkin`des`kd |`smksmg~ QBQ sgbmdùwgr$

Sk rse~s |k~j kd ed Grrgdsèh H`fgrsphg Qhed( `s `r dgbgrre~p skjggq `d i`dc smg fkhhk|`dl iessg~r?

) Sk c`rbkvg~ |mes `r ìqk~seds `d smg qg~rkdr ce`hp h`fg$

) Sk `cgds`fp smg rwqqk~s smes smg qg~rkd ~guw`~gr edc mgehsm edcrefgsp `rrwgr$

Sk cgvghkq ed Grrgdsèh H`fgrsphg Qhed `s `r dgbgrre~p sk mevgbkhhenk~es`kd f~ki smg qgkqhg |mk jdk| smg qg~rkd |ghh$ @s `r enkws`cgds`fp`dl edc bkin`d`dl smg qg~rkdr qg~rqgbs`vgr |`sm smkrg qgkqhg

2 Bkiiwd`s`gr kf q~ebs`bg edc smg q~`db`qhg kf dk~ieh`res`kd |g~gc`rbwrrgc `d smg hers bmeqsg~ kf sm`r iedweh( |mgd |g rswc`gc smg k~`l`dr kfQBQ$


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S~ec`s`kdeh skkhr `d QBQ 3$ Smg qg~rkd rgbs`kd?

\mes ck qgkqhg eci`~g enkws smg qg~rkd; -e h`rs smes ckgr dks`dbhwcg smg |gej qk`dsr kf smg`~ bme~ebsg~)

\mes ckgr smg qg~rkd ck;

\mk edc |mes `r ìqk~seds sk smg qg~rkd;

Smg~g rmkwhc dks ng edp spqg kf uwgrs`kdde`~g( nws smg rgbs`kd rmkwhc`dbhwcg e~ger enkws smg qg~rkd rwbm er?

)

Rkbèh ~ghes`kdrm`qr) Sm`dlr sk ck -fk~ g}eiqhg( @ |eds e |mgghbme`~)) ^mpsmi kf h`fg -fk~ g}eiqhg( @ lgs wq es = `d smg ik~d`dl)) ^kws`dgr -fk~ g}eiqhg( @ eh|epr lk fk~ e |ehj kd Rwdcepr)

Smg `dfk~ies`kd `r q~`k~`s`rgc `d smg fkhhk|`dl |ep?

) Smg ikrs ìqk~seds? Smg sm`dlr smes qgkqhg iwrs mevgq~grgds sk ìq~kvg smg`~ uweh`sp kf h`fg$

) Smg rgbkdc ikrs ìqk~seds? Sm`dlr smes |`hh ng enhg sk |k~j`d smg fwsw~g$

) Smg sm`~c ikrs ìqk~seds? qkrr`nhg g}qgbses`kdr edc |mg~gsmg~g `r i`dìwi `dsg~grs$

3 Smg ~gecg~ bed f`dc e bkiqhgsg ~gfg~gdbg sk smgrg iesg~èhr `d smgn`nh`kl~eqmp$ @s bkdse`dr sm~gg qe~sr? smg f`~rs `r cgc`besgc sk smg fei`hp edcf~`gdcrZ=6Y( smg rgbkdc `r cgc`besgc sk smg fei`hp edc smg rwqqk~s rg~v`bgrZ=


48/151

Rgbkdc bmeqsg~ 3=

2$ Rwqqk~s?\mk( |mgd edc |mp rmkwhc e qg~rkd ng rwqqk~sgc; Sm`rrgbs`kd `r c`v`cgc `dsk s|k qe~sr?

) Rgbs`kd kd bkiiwd`bes`kd? @s `r `iqk~seds sk jggq `d i`dc

mk| smg qg~rkd bkiiwd`besgr$ @f smgp ck rk k~ehhp k~sm~kwlm ed Ehsg~des`vg Rprsgi kf Bkiiwd`bes`kd$

) ^kws`dgr? Jggq`dl `d i`dc smg ~kws`dgr edc |mes smgp h`jgsk ck( `s iwrs ng cgsg~i`dgc smg j`dc kf mghq smes `r dggcgc$

3$ Ed ebs`kd qhed |m`bm `dbhwcgr?

) Iessg~r sk ~grkhvg -fk~ g}eiqhg( @ mevg sk sehj |`sm rkigkdgsk mghq sk $$)

) Ed ebs`kd qhed? sk cgsg~i`dg smg mghq edc rwqqk~s smesrmkwhc ng be~~`gc kws cep sk cep$

Qhedd`dl Ehsg~des`vg Skik~~k|r |`sm Mkqg -QESM) Z


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QESM mer g`lms rsgqr |m`bm e~g?

5$ Sk jdk| smg qg~rkdr c~gei$

>$ Sk ~e`rg e|e~gdgrr |`sm knogbs`vgr$

2$ Sk jdk| smg s`ig f~eig? \mg~g e~g |g;

3$ Sk `cgds`fp smg ~grkw~bgr -iesg~`eh p qg~rkdeh) sk esse`d smg knogbs`vgr$

7$ Dggcr edc err`rsedbg sk iejg knse`d`dl lkehr qkrr`nhg$

6$ Sk qhed dgbgrre~p ebs`kdr fk~ smg fkhhk|`dl ikdsm$


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Rgbkdc bmeqsg~ 71

@hhwrs~es`kd


51/151


h`fg `d smg fwsw~g -knogbs`vgr)$ Sm`r `dfk~ies`kd `r l~eqm`behhp rmeqgc npigedr kf c~e|`dlr k~ ìelgr$

Rsgq 2$ Smg dk|? @d sm`r rsgq ~gfhgbs`kdre~g iecg enkws smg q~grgds( sk grsenh`rm e c`ffg~gdbg ngs|ggd mk| h`fg `rdk| edc mk| `s bkwhc ng `d smg fwsw~g$ Smg feb`h`sesk~ bkiqhgsgr sm`rrqebg np rwiie~`r`dl smg `dfk~ies`kd bkhhgbsgc f~ki smg qg~rkd edcsmg ~grs kf smg qe~s`b`qedsr$

Rsgq 3$ Sk `cgds`fp qg~rkdeh ~grkw~bgredc iesg~èhr? Sm`r `r enkws smg l~kwq ng`dl rgdr`s`rgc sk smg gffk~sredc bkii`sigds smes smgp |`hh mevg sk iejg `d smg fwsw~g$ \mgdqkrr`nhg( `s `r ehrk ìqk~seds smes smg bgds~eh qg~rkd iejgr e h`rs kf smg`~k|d bkii`sigdsr edc gffk~sr |m`bm smgp sm`dj e~g dgbgrre~p sk ~gebmsmg`~ k|d c~geir$ Smgp rqgb`fp |m`bm qgkqhg edc |m`bm ~grkw~bgr |`hhng ~guw`~gc$ Fk~ g}eiqhg( smg bgds~eh qg~rkd bed qws qmkskr kf smkrg

qgkqhg |mk e~g lk`dl sk ng `dvkhvgc edc e qmksk kf smg bgds~g k~errkbès`kd |mg~g smgp |kwhc h`jg sk ebm`gvg `s$

Rsgq 7$ Dggcr edc err`rsedbg sk knse`dlkehr? @s `r dgbgrre~p sk cgsg~i`dg smg err`rsedbg |m`bm |`hh ng dggcgcer smg~g |`hh ng e rs~kdl h`dj ngs|ggd smg l~kwq edc smg g}sg~deh mghq

fk~ g}eiqhg smg elgdb`gr( l~kwqr gsb$ Rkig uwgrs`kdr smes |g bed erj skmghq bkiqhgsg sm`r rsgq e~g?

\mes ck |g dggc sk knse`d smgrg c~geir;

\mes rj`hhr ck |g dggc;

\mes ~ghes`kdrm`qr ck |g dggc sk ie`dse`d;

Rsgq 6$ @d e ikdsm$ @s `r enkwsgrsenh`rm`dl igerw~gr fk~ ed ìigcèsg fwsw~g$ \mes sk ck( mk| sk ck `sedc |mgd sk ck `s; @s rg~vgr er e skkh sk igerw~g smg ~geh bkii`sigds kfsmg l~kwq$


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Rgbkdc bmeqsg~ 7>

Rsgq


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@hhwrs~es`kd =? G}eiqhg kf QESM Rkw~bg?

mssq?++|||$`dbhwr`vgrkhws`kdr$bki+qbqhedd`dl$erq

Smg QESM skkh mer ehrk nggd |~`ssgd enkws np smg qgkqhg |mkmevg qws `s `dsk q~ebs`bg$ Bkbme~dg( e qg~rkd |mk mer |k~jgc |`smQESM repr?

QESM |er owrs smg skkh smes @ |er hkkj`dl fk~$ @ rse~sgc |`sme nhedj q`gbg kf qeqg~( wrgc sgei|k~j edc e vg~p bkhkw~fwhl~eqm`b ~gq~grgdses`kd @ sm`dj smes QESM `r e rw~q~`r`dlskkh$ Ner`behhp( ngbewrg `s igedr smes smg qg~rkd |mk f`dcrsmgirghvgr nk}gc `dsk e q~knhgi( bed f`dc edksmg~ehsg~des`vg$ QESM kffg~r qgkqhg e |ep sk rgg smg fwsw~g( kffg~rmkqg edc e rse~s`dl qk`ds fk~ ebs`kd Z


54/151

Rgbkdc bmeqsg~ 73

Smg feb`h`sesk~( |mk `r smg qg~rkd smes rmkwhc ng e|e~g edc jdk|ehh kf smg c`ffg~gds eqq~kebmgr( iwrs bmkkrg |m`bm igsmkc `r ikrsrw`senhg fk~ smg bgds~eh qg~rkd edc smg`~ b`~bhg kf rwqqk~s$


55/151

Sm`~c Bmeqsg~

Berg rswc`gr kf s~ec`s`kdeh QBQQg~rkd bgds~gc qhedr bed bkvg~ iedp c`ffg~gds rbkqgr kf h`fg(

f~ki knse`d`dl e mkwrg sk wr`dl qmkskl~eqmr sk bmkkrg smg sm`dlr smespkw h`jg$ Smg hers erqgbs iep dks rggi vg~p r`ld`f`beds( nws `d smg gpgrkf smg qg~rkd |mk `r enhg sk ebm`gvg sm`r( smg qk|g~ kf cgb`c`dl |m`bmebs`v`sp smgp h`jg np igedr kf e qmksk( bed ng e n`l hedcie~j `d smg`~h`vgr$

Iedp berg rswc`gr g}`rs |m`bm e~g |~`ssgd wdcg~ smg qg~rkdbgds~gc qm`hkrkqmp$ Smgrg bergr c`ffg~( er smgp qw~rwg c`ffg~gdsknogbs`vgr( smgp bgds~g kd c`ffg~gds e~ger kf smg qg~rkdr h`fg -mgehsm(

mkwr`dl( hg`rw~g( gsb$)$ Ik~gkvg~( smgrg bergr e~g |~`ssgd f~ki iedpc`ffg~gds qg~rqgbs`vgr( fk~ g}eiqhg smgp bed ng skhc np e fei`hpiging~( np q~kfgrr`kdehr k~ np smg qg~rkd smgirghvgr |mk `r ~gbg`v`dlsmg rwqqk~s$

E bkiq`hes`kd kf bergr |m`bm rmk| smgrg qg~rqgbs`vgr e~gc`rqhepgc `d sm`r nkkj( |mg~g c`ffg~gds knogbs`vgr e~g |k~jgc kd edc|mg~g smg qhedd`dl q~kbgrrgr |g~g be~~`gc kws np qgkqhg |mkgdbkwdsg~gc c`ffg~gds rbehgr edc c`ffg~gds spqgr kf ne~~`g~r$ Smg bergr

smes e~g q~grgdsgc `dvkhvg qgkqhg `d smg`~ ge~hp pge~r( sm~kwlm sk ecwhsredc qgkqhg |`sm ik~g ecvedbgc pge~r$ Smg ieok~`sp kf smg qhedr |m`bmmevg nggd |~`ssgd enkws mevg nggd be~~`gc kws np qgkqhg |`smfwdbs`kdeh c`vg~r`sp( ~giging~`dl smes sm`r `r smg e~ge `d |m`bm smgqg~rkd bgds~gc qm`hkrkqmp mer mec smg ikrs cgvghkqigds$Dgvg~smghgrr( ksmg~ bergr e~g ehrk q~grgdsgc$

Rgvg~eh kf smg qwnh`rmgc `dc`v`cweh qhedr e~g cgikdrs~esgcsm~kwlm rkig kf QBQr skkhr |m`bm |g~g ~gv`g|gc ge~h`g~ -GHQ( IEQr

k~ QESM)$ G}qkrgc mg~g e~g rkig kf smg f~eligdsr$@d h`dg |`sm smg qg~rqgbs`vg smes |er bkiigdsgc kd `d smg f`~rs

bmeqsg~ kf sm`r iedweh enkws smg |ep kf ~gfg~~`dl sk qgkqhg |`smfwdbs`kdeh edc+k~ bwhsw~eh c`vg~r`sp( `d smg berg rswcp g}eiqhgr smesfkhhk|( |g mevg sejgd smg h`ng~sp kf ~gikv`dl bg~se`d henghr k~


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Sm`~cBmeqsg~ 76

cèldkrgr `d gebm berg( rk smes smgp ck dks fk~i qe~s kf smg q~grgdses`kdrgdsgdbg fk~ gebm qg~rkd$ Fk~ g}eiqhg( |mg~g `s ngfk~g rsesgc( Ie~è `re l`~h |`sm ed `dsghhgbsweh c`ren`h`sp |mk bed ebm`gvg iedp sm`dlr `d mg~h`fg( |g mevg rìqhp ~g|~`ssgd `s er( Ie~è `r e l`~h |mk bed ebm`gvgiedp sm`dlr `d mg~ h`fg$ Es e hesg~ rselg |mgd edehpr`r sejgr qhebg~gle~c`dl smg ne~~`g~r febgc edc smg rwqqk~s dggcgc sk kvg~bkig smgrgne~~`g~r `r cgsg~i`dgc( smgd |g |`hh `dbhwcg smg dgbgrre~p henghr k~cèldkrgr$

Eder berg Z


57/151

Berg rswc`gr kf s~ec`s`kdeh QBQ 7

Jgdr berg Z72Y

Jg~~pr berg Z72Y

Ed g}eiqhg kf mk| QBQ `r qws `dsk q~ebs`bg |`sm qgkqhg |mk mevg

g}qg~`gdbgc rwnrsedbg enwrg$

Jg~~p `r >3 pge~r khc edc `r e vg~p giqesm`b qg~rkd$ Rmgenwrgr mg~k`d edc b~ebj edc mer rse~sgc sk mevg q~knhgir|`sm smg owc`bèh rprsgi( nws rmg `r m`lmhp iks`vesgc edc|edsr sk bmedlg sm`dlr$ Kvg~ehh rmg |kwhc h`jg sk f`hh mg~ sìg`d e bkdrs~wbs`vg |ep edc rse~s GHQ sk sm`dj enkws smg sm`dlrsmes |g~g ìqk~seds sk mg~( sk wdcg~rsedc mk| rmg fghs edc skrse~s sk sm`dj mk| ksmg~r bkwhc mghq mg~$

@d rq`sg kf s~p`dl sk kbbwqp mg~ sìg( Jg~~p dggcgcbkds`dwkwr rwqqk~s sk ie`dse`d e cep sk cep rs~wbsw~g$Sm~kwlm smg qhed smes rmg be~~`gc kws( rmg bkwhc bkds`dwg skrgg mk| smg |k~jg~r cws`gr |g~g sk mghq mg~$ Ik~gkvg~( smgpre| smes Jg~~p |er ngl`dd`dl sk bmedlg$

\mes `r ìqk~seds sk Jgd;

Sk lk fk~ e |ehj |m`hrs

ng`dl lw`cgc Sk mevg sm`dlr sk ck

sm~kwlmkws smg cep -qhepsmg qèdk( q~ebs`rg kd ipjgpnke~c)

Dks sk mevg qgkqhg s~gesig c`ffg~gdshp

Ip Ghv`r qkrrgrr`kdr

Sk rqgej sk qgkqhg enkwsip pkwdlg~ cepr( |mgd @|er e igbmed`b

Sk mevg qgkqhg h`rsgd sk ig Sk ng qmpr`behhp f`s rk smes @

bed ikvg sk e fhes

\mes ckksmg~reci`~genkws Jgd;

Mg `r lkkcfwd skrqgdc sìg|`sm

Mg `reh|eprri`h`dl

Mg `r elkkc essghh`dlrsk~`gr

Mk| bed |g mghqJgd;

Smg qgkqhg |mkrwqqk~s ig rmkwhcmevg e lkkc rgdrg kfmwikw~

Dks sk ikvg sm`dlr`d ip mkwrg |`smkwsbkdrwhs`dl ig

Sk rep qhger`dlsm`dlr sk ig

H`rsgd sk ig edcsehj |`sm ig rk |gbed lgs sk jdk|gebm ksmg~

Mghq ig sk cksm`dlr np iprghf


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Ck`dl smg qhed mer nggd wrgfwh fk~ Jg~~p sk wdcg~rsedc |mes`r `iqk~seds sk mg~ edc mk| rmg bed bmedlg mg~ h`fg$ Sm`r mermghqgc mg~ rghf bkdf`cgdbg sk l~k| edc rmg mer rse~sgc eqrpbmkhklp bkw~rg$

Bkdbgqb`dr g}qg~`gdbg Z


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Sm`~cBmeqsg~ 63

F`fsm iggs`dl? Qhedd`dl fk~ smg fwsw~g( |mg~g smg fkhhk|`dl qk`dsr|g~g n~kebmgc?Smgp rqkjg enkws smg sm`dlr rmg |kwhc h`jg sk ebm`gvg sm`r pge~$Mkwr`dl$\k~j -`dsgds`kd sk ~gs`~g( res`rfebs`kd( gsb)$

Mg~ res`rfebs`kd |`sm smg QBQ iggs`dlr edc `f rmg i`dcgc smgbkdsgds ng`dl iecg qwnh`b$R`}sm iggs`dl? E bkds`dwes`kd kf fwsw~g qhedd`dl$ E iggs`dl |erbehhgc sk knse`d mg~ kq`d`kd kd hgev`dl |k~j edc sk ~gfhgbs kd|mes |er lk`dl sk kbbwqp mg~ s`ig$Rgvgdsm iggs`dl -bkds`dwes`kd)? E iggs`dl |er behhgc sk rgg mk|smg q~kbgrr |er lk`dl edc Bkdbgqb`d |er rggd sk ng giks`kdehhpwdrsenhg$ Rmg ~gle`dgc mg~ qmpr`khkl`beh bkiqkrw~g |`sm smg

l~kwq q~kv`c`dl smg jgp sk sm`r rwqqk~s q~kbgrr$G`lmsm iggs`dl? Q~gqe~`dl fk~ mk| sk bkds`dwg kvg~ e hkdl qg~`kc$@s |er bkdr`cg~gc fwdceigdseh sk iejg rw~g smes smg~g |er s`igsk h`rsgd sk Bkdbgqb`d edc rk |`sm sm`r `d i`dc( e ~gcwbgc l~kwqr`zg |er cgb`cgc kd$Es q~grgds smg l~kwq bkds`dwgr |`sm smg iggs`dlr$

@ldeb`kr g}qg~`gdbg Z


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sghh`dl wr enkws smg qhebgr mg |gds sk( |mes smgp |g~g( edc |mkmg ~ghesgc smgi sk$R`}sm iggs`dl? Q~gfg~gdbgr edc bmk`bgr Ieq$ Mg rqkjg enkws m`rmkig |mg~g mg h`vgr( smg bhksmgr mg |ge~r( smg |k~j smes mg ckgr(m`r f~gg s`ig edc smg qgkqhg |`sm |mki mg h`vgr |`sm$ Smg ieq kf

~ghes`kdr |er ehrk wrgc mg~g$

@ldeb`kr q~kbgrr mer kdhp owrs ~gbgdshp rse~sgc( nws `s mereh~gecp q~kv`cgc bmedlgr `d m`r h`fg edc `d m`r rw~~kwdc`dlr$Mg `r ik~g bkiiwd`bes`vg edc hgrr `dm`n`sgc$ Mg |edsr skrse~s wq ik~g ~ghes`kdrm`qr edc g}q~grrgr m`r h`jgr edc m`rcgr`~gr$ Es smg ikigds mg `r |k~j`dl sk|e~cr ng`dl enhg skmevg e qhebg sk h`vg `d smg bkiiwd`sp edc ngr`cgr sm`r mg `r

be~~p`dl kws rgrr`kdr |`sm smg b`~bhg kf rwqqk~s edc |`sm e rg}qrpbm`es~`rs sk s~ges rkig kf m`r ngmev`kw~eh q~knhgir smes mgc`rqhepr$

Sgkr berg Z


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Sm`~cBmeqsg~ 66

\mgd |g rse~sgc sk ck sm`r |k~j( |g jdg| bhge~hp kf smgìqk~sedbg kf Sgk( |mk mer Erqg~lg~r Rpdc~kig( kfqe~s`b`qes`dl `d gvg~p rsgq kf iej`dl m`r k|d qhed$ Smgd( `smec sk ng smkwlms enkws |mes mg bkwhc ng m`lmhp iks`vesgcnp |m`bm |kwhc bkiqgdresg fk~ smg he~lg gffk~s smes smg serjr

`dvkhvgc( er `s `r eh|epr wdbkifk~senhg fk~ e bm`hc |`smEqg~lg~r Rpdc~kig -giks`kdr( rs~kdl qk`dsr( c`ff`bwhs`gr(gsb$) Sm`r |er |mgd |g ngled sk bkin`dg smg erqgbsr smes Sgkmec e n`l `dsg~grs `d? Smg Ik~secgh edc F`hgid bki`br edcsmg bkiqwsg~$

@s |er f~ki mg~g smes |g ngled sk cgvghkq Sgkr qhed$

Es f`~rs |g erjgc Sgk sk sm`dj enkws smg sm`dlr smes mg mec

ckdg r`dbg mg |er nk~d( |m`bm mec nggd ìqk~seds sk mì(edc sk rwi wq m`r h`fg np errkbès`dl e fggh`dl sk gebmìqk~seds igik~p$

Smgd smg sìg beig sk sm`dj enkws m`r c~geir$ Fk~ sm`r( |gwrgc q`bsw~gr f~ki Ik~secghk edc F`hgid$ Mg~g |g wrgc smgbe~skkd beqs`kdr sk |~`sg enkws m`r c~geir |m`bm |g~g? skie`dse`d e lkkc ~ghes`kdrm`q |`sm m`r fei`hp edc sk fgghrwqqk~sgc( sk ie`dse`d m`r l~kwq kf f~`gdcr( sk ìq~kvg m`r

rswc`gr( sk s~evgh sk smg E~s edc Rb`gdbg iwrgwir `d Vehgdbèedc smg Eshedse euwe~`wi edc sk qhep smg lw`se~ e h`sshg$

@s |er sìg sk |`cgd smg `dfk~ies`kd enkws Sgkr q~gfg~gdbgr(c`ff`bwhs`gr edc ksmg~ erqgbsr kf m`r qg~rkdeh`sp smkwlm wr`dlsmg bki`br$ Nghk| `r ed g}eiqhg?

Sk fkhhk| |g |`hh edehprg Sgkr |gej qk`dsr rk smes rwqqk~sbed ng cgvghkqgc sk bkiqgdresg fk~ smgrg c`ff`bwhs`gr$ Sk cksm`r( |g bkdbgds~esg edc fkbwr kd m`r rs~kdl qk`dsr edc kd smgsm`dlr smes mg h`jgr sk ck( |`sm ed eì fk~ mì sk ebm`gvg m`r


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Berg rswc`gr kf s~ec`s`kdeh QBQ 6 PGE^R

Sk jdk| mk| sk~gec rsk~`gr$

Sk bmkkrg iprsk~`gr( nwp smgi

edc rk~s smgi$Sk revg ikdgp sk

lk sk Gw~kC`rdgp$

Sk ~guwgrsbmedlgr$

Sk qe~s`b`qesg `d ebkiiwd`sp ~wd|k~jrmkq$

Sk s`cp ip ~kki$Sk lk sk smg sk`hgs

kd ip k|d$Sk jdk| ip k|d

nkcp edc ebbgqs`sr bmedlgr$

Sk ck e hg`rw~gebs`v`sp |`sm ipn~ksmg~r$

Sk essgdcr|ìi`dlbherrgr$

Sk lk sk smg v`cgkbhwn edc bmkkrg

f`hir$Sk jdk| mk| sk

wrg Lkklhg$

Sk |~`sg `d ipcè~p gvg~p cep$

Sk ìq~kvg iprkbèhbkiiwd`bes`kdrj`hhr$

Sk hkkj efsg~ ipqmpr`beheqqge~edbg$

Ed g}eiqhg kf Ie~èr qg~rkdeh fwsw~g qhedd`dl Z


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F`~rs e senhg `r q~grgdsgc |`sm rkig Ieqr smes |g~g iecg `d smgiggs`dlr( np smg bgds~eh qg~rkd |`sm mg~ b`~bhg kf rwqqk~s$ Efsg~( smg Qg~rkdehQhed `r q~grgdsgc |m`bm bkiqhgigdsr smg Ieqr smes |g~g iecg$

Senhg 2? Ed eceqses`kd kf e berg q~kv`cgc np smg Fkwdces`kd Red F~edb`rbk kfNk~oe$

IP RS^GDLSMR

IEÊR Q^KF@HG CESG? $$

IEQ KF^GHES@KDR

BEQEB@S@GR

Rmg hkkjr fk~|e~c sk mev`dl f~`gdcr+edc b~ges`dl qg~iedgds nkdcr$Fk~ mg~( f~`gdcrm`q edc ng`dl fkdc kf qgkqhg e~g ìqk~seds$ Rmg h`jgr skng rw~~kwdcgc np qgkqhg edc rmg ckgr dks h`jg sk ng ehkdg$ Rmg bmkkrgrmg~ k|d f~`gdcr$

Rmg mer e rs~kdl nkdc |`sm mg~ fei`hp edc |`sm F$

BEQEB@S@GR SK ^G@DFK^BG

Sk `db~gerg smg eikwds kf f~`gdcr? gdbkw~elg mg~ sk iggs qgkqhgsm~kwlm ebs`v`s`gr( np igedr kf bmkkr`dl smg hg`rw~g ebs`v`s`grcgqgdc`dl kd smg l~kwqr kf qgkqhg smes qe~s`b`qesg$

Sk ìq~kvg mg~ rkbèh rj`hhr( er `d smg ~grkhv`dl kf bkdfh`bsr( j`dcdgrr(~grqgbs$

QHEBG IEQ BEQEB@S@GR?

Rmg gdokpr lk`dl kd edc erj`dl sk lk kd kws`dlr( kvg~ehh hg`rw~gebs`v`s`gr$ Ngmev`kw~ `r lkkc `d qwnh`b qhebgr( rk rmg bed gdokp e |`cg~edlg kf ebs`v`s`gr$

BEQEB@S@GR SK G@DFK^BG?

Sk `db~gerg mg~ hg`rw~g g}qg~`gdbgr$ Sk gdokp smg g}qg~`gdbgr |`smkws `sng`dl dgbgrre~p sk mevg F q~grgds$ Sk ìq~kvg mg~ senhg ieddg~r$

N@KLÊQMP IEQ BEQEB@S@GR?

Rmg gdokpr rgg`dl qmkskr kf mg~ fei`hp( sehj`dl enkws qg~rkdeh rsk~`gredc smg gvgdsr smes e~g ikrs ìqk~seds sk mg~$

BEQEB@S@GR SK G@DFK^BG?

Sk fkrsg~ e qkr`s`vg ìelg edc fggh beqenhg$ Sk `db~gerg mg~errg~s`vgdgrr edc qe~s`b`qes`kd `d mg~ k|d h`fg$

H@JGR EDCQ^GFG^GDBGRIEQ

BEQEB@S@GR?Rmg h`jgr e hks kf sm`dlr$ Rmg jdk|r mk| sk gdokp gvg~p cep sm`dlr$ Mg~h`jgr e~g h`djgc sk hg`rw~g ebs`v`s`gr( f~`gdcrm`qr edc qg~fk~i`dlebs`v`s`gr$ Rmg h`jgr sk mghq ksmg~r$


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Sm`~cBmeqsg~


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Berg rswc`gr kf s~ec`s`kdeh QBQ


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Sm`~cBmeqsg~

\M@BM GBG@VG^GIWDG^ES@KD$

k~ mg~ bkiqed`kdr? fk~g}eiqhg( sk dks`fprkigkdg f rkignkcpdggcr sk wrg smgnesm~kki( sk sejgigrrelgr ngs|ggdmkigr( ck rkigrmkqq`dl fk~ smgbgds~g$

H`fg es mkig$

@ \EDS SK H@VG@D IP MKWRG NWS@S @R DKSQKRR@NHG$ DK^ @R@S QKRR@NHG SKH@VG \@SM IPN^KSMG^R( @ EINGSSG^ MG^G$

Es mkig rmg |edsr skng behi( res |`sm mg~hglr rs~gsbmgc kws edcsk ng enhg sk sm~k|mg~rghf kd smg rkfe edcmevg SV$

Rmg dggcr ebkifk~senhg bme`~ edcsk mevg ielez`dgr$ Skmevg bkiqedp( nws|`smkws g}bgrr wq~ke~smes |`hh nksmg~ mg~$Rmg bkwhc nwp smgielez`dgr mg~rghf$

Rmg |kwhc h`jg sk ckckigrs`b serjr e~kwdcsmg mkwrg$

Sk ie`dse`d mg~rsep `d smg mkigedc sk l`vg mg~ ebkifk~senhgbme`~ edcielez`dgr skwrg$

Sk l`vg mg~rkig ckigrs`b~grqkdr`n`h`s`gre~kwdc smgmkwrg$

KNRSEBHGR

Rmg beddks h`vg `d mg~ mkwrg k~mg~ n~ksmg~r$

Smg~g e~g e hks kf qgkqhg `d

Supportive Eyes

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