Supporting Io Devices
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Transcript of Supporting Io Devices
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Supporting I/O
Devices
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Basic Principles of PeripheralInstallations
Both hardware and software must beinstalled (hardware is controlled by software)
Install all levels of software
Device driver must be written specifically forthe OS
More than one peripheral device might
attempt to use same resources
Update drivers, the firmware, or both
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Installation Overview
1. Install the device (internal or external)
2. Install the device driver
3. Install the application software
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Ports
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Using Ports and Expansion Slots forAdd-on Device
Ports Serial
Parallel
USB
IEEE 1394
SCSI
Expansion slots
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Port Speeds
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Using Serial Ports
Transmit data in single bits (serially)
Nine or 25 pins
Almost always male
Originally intended for input and output
devices
Configured as COM1, COM2, COM3, or
COM4
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Using Serial Ports (continued)
Port assignments are made in CMOS setup
Conform to standard interface called RS-
232c
Data Terminal Equipment (DTE) and Data
Communications Equipment (DCE)
designations
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Port Comparison
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Default Port Assignments
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Null Modem Connection
Enables data transmission between two DTEdevices without the need for modems
Special cable (null modem cable) has several
wires cross-connected to simulate modem
connection
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Pin Connections for a 25-PinNull Modem Cable
Wi C ti 25 Pi
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Wire Connections on a 25-PinNull Modem Cable
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Infrared Transceivers
Use resources of a serial port for
communication
Create a virtual infrared serial port and virtual
infrared port for infrared devices
UART logic on the motherboard controlsserial ports on the board
Line-of-sight issue
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Using Parallel Ports
Transmit data in parallel, eight bits at a time
Almost always female
Originally intended for printers
Can be configured as LPT1, LPT2, or LPT3
Port assignments are made in CMOS setup Avoid using a cable longer than 15 feet to
ensure data integrity
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Types of Parallel Ports
Standard parallel port (SPP)
Allows data to flow in only one direction
Slowest of the three types
Enhanced Parallel Port (EPP)
Bi-directional
Extended Capabilities Port (ECP) Bi-directional
Uses the DMA channel
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A Standard Parallel Port
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Using USB Ports
Effortless installation of slow peripheral
devices
Much faster than regular serial ports; usehigher-quality cabling
Easier to manage; eliminate need to
manually resolve resource conflicts
Likely to replace serial and parallel ports
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Using USB Ports (continued)
Allow for hot-swapping; are hot-pluggable
Most current motherboards have one to fourUSB ports
Managed by a USB host controller
As many as 127 USB devices can be daisy-
chained together using USB devices
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USB Ports
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USB Host Controller
Requirements for Preparing to
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Requirements for Preparing toInstall a USB Device
Motherboard or expansion card that provides
a USB port
OS that supports USB
USB device
USB device driver
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Using IEEE 1394 Ports
Transmit data serially; faster than USB
Likely to replace SCSI for high-volume, multimedia external
devices
Provide either a 4-pin or 6-pin connector Hot-pluggable
Can be daisy-chained together and managed by a host
controller using one set of system resources
Use isochronous data transfer
Isochronous transfers involve large streams of data. This format is used to move
continuous, real-time data streams such as voice or video. Data delivery rates are
predetermined and correspond to the sampling rate o the device.
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IEEE 1394 Port Standards
IEEE 1394A
Supports data speeds up to 1.2 Gbps
Allows for cable lengths up to 15 feet
IEEE 1394B
Supports speeds up to 3.2 Gbps
Allows for cable length up to 328 feet
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IEEE 1394 Cable Connections
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Using IEEE 1394 Ports
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Keyboards
Traditional straight design or ergonomicdesign
Two technologies for keys making contact
Foil contact
Metal contact
Installing keyboards
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Keyboard Connectors
PS/2 connector (or mini-DIN)
Small, round, with six pins
DIN (Deutsche Industrie Norm) connector
Round with five pins
USB port
Wireless connection
Requires a driver
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Keyboard Connectors (continued)
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Pinouts for Keyboard Connectors
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Pinouts for Keyboard Connectors
You'll notice a few things about the table. First, there
are only four actual signals used in the standard
keyboard interface; the extra pins on both types ofconnector are not used
(This mismatch means that the connectors were
chosen either from existing designs to savedevelopment costs, or that room was left for future
expansion that was never used. Both occur commonly
in the PC industry.)
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A Keyboard Adapter
Since the signals are the same for the two types of connector--they just use different
pins. This means that simple mechanical adapters can be made to convert between
the two. These adapters let a keyboard that terminates in a large connector work on a
system that requires a small connector, and vice-versa.
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Troubleshooting Keyboards
A few keys dont work
Keyboard does not work at all
Key continues to repeat after being
released
Keys produce the wrong characters
Major spills on the keyboard
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Pointing Devices
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How a Wheel Mouse Works
How a Mouse Connects
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How a Mouse Connectsto the Computer
Dedicated round mouse port (motherboard mouseor PS/2-compatible mouse)
Mouse bus card (bus mouse)
Serial port (serial mouse) USB port
Y-connection with the keyboard
Cordless technology
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Pointing Devices
Touch screens
Other pointing devices
Trackballs
Touch pads
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Troubleshooting a Mouse
Check mouse port connection
Check for dust or dirt; reboot PC
Try new mouse
Uninstall and reinstall mouse driver; reboot PC
Reboot PC and select logged option from startup menu to createBootlog.exe file
Continue to boot and check log for errors
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Other Devices
Scanners Web Cameras
Biometric Devices
Bar Code Readers Touch Screens