Support learning and development Physical development.
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Transcript of Support learning and development Physical development.
Support learning and development
Physical development
Support learning and development
Middle childhood and adolescence are
times of complex physical changes and
the refining of existing skills.
© 2012 Pearson Australia ISBN: 9781442541757
Support learning and development
• Physical development follows a predictable sequence.
• Individual children develop at different rates.
• Brain development has a significant impact on motor development.
© 2012 Pearson Australia ISBN: 9781442541757
Support learning and development
Factors that may impact on physical development include:
Maturation (readiness)
Heredity
Environmental influences
© 2012 Pearson Australia ISBN: 9781442541757
Support learning and development
Physical growth relates to the growth of
bones, muscles, tendons, nerves and
organs (sensory, speech, skin, brain and
heart).
© 2012 Pearson Australia ISBN: 9781442541757
Support learning and development
Motor development includes both
quantitative physiological change
and qualitative change
Cephalocaudal development
Proximodistal development
© 2012 Pearson Australia ISBN: 9781442541757
Support learning and development
Motor development includes:
gross motor development
fine motor development
perceptual motor development
© 2012 Pearson Australia ISBN: 9781442541757
Support learning and development
Two important perceptual processes depend on vision and hearing:
visual perception – the ability to make sense and meaning out of what you see
auditory perception – the ability to make sense and meaning out of what you hear
© 2012 Pearson Australia ISBN: 9781442541757
Support learning and development
Visual perception skills:visual discrimination
figure ground
spatial relationships
visual memory
visual closure© 2012 Pearson Australia ISBN: 9781442541757
Support learning and development
Auditory perception skills:
•auditory awareness
•auditory decoding
•auditory discrimination
•auditory memory
•auditory sequencing© 2012 Pearson Australia ISBN: 9781442541757
Support learning and development
Dominance and Hand Preference
Establishing dominance assists children to
accomplish many tasks including writing and
reading.
Children who have not developed a hand
preference will have difficulty with tasks that
require the co-ordination of two hands.© 2012 Pearson Australia ISBN: 9781442541757
Support learning and development
Risk-taking and injuryThe shift towards the importance of the peer group as a key socialising influence means that adolescence is also a time for risk-taking behaviour, which escalates toward the senior high school years. Because of this, young people are at risk of accidents and injuries.
© 2012 Pearson Australia ISBN: 9781442541757
Support learning and development
Childhood obesity
Children who are obese are also likely to
have social problems, poor self-esteem
and low self-confidence.
© 2012 Pearson Australia ISBN: 9781442541757