WAR DEPARTMENT FIELD MANUAL

SUPPLY AND EVACUATIONTHE INFANTRY REGIMENT; SERVICECOMPANY AND MEDICAL DETAC MENT

tdEjR C~ ~, G-1,e ore Gao."

WAR4o DEPATMEN -?I," ]UEt ]

1w'risOt'i V 0 as o9 " c3b.

WAR DEPARTMENT * 1 JUNE 1944

WAR DEPARTMENT FIELD MANUALFM 7-30

This manual supersedes FM 7-30, Infantry Field Manual, ServiceCompany and Medical Detachment (Supply and Evacuation) Infantry

Regiment, 31 December 1942.

INFANTRY

SUPPLY ANDEVACUATION

THE INFANTRY REGIMENT;SERVICE COMPANY ANDMEDICAL DETACHMENT

WAR DEPARTMENT 1 JUNE 1944

RllIND DISSEMINATION OF RE-STRICTED MATTER. The information contained inrestricted documents and the essential characteristics ofrestricted material may be given to any person known to beIn the service of the United States and to persons of undoubtedloyalty and discretion who are cooperating In Governmentwork, but will not be communicated to the public or to thepress except by authorized military public relations agencies.(See also par. 23b, AR 380-5, 15 Mar 44.)

United States Government Printing OfficeWashington: 1944

WAR DEPARTMENT,Washington 25, D. C., 1 June 1944.

FM 7-30, Infantry Field Manual, Supply andEvacuation, The Infantry Regiment; Service Com-pany and Medical Detachment, is published for the '

information and guidance of all concerned.

[A.G. 300.7 (30 Apr 44).]

By order of the Secretary of War:

G. C. MARSHALL,Chief of Staff.

OFFICIAL:J. A. ULIO,

Major General,The Adjutant General.

DISTRIBUTION:

As prescribed in paragraph 9a, FM 21-6, ex-cept Inf Sch (8,000); R 7 (5); Bn 7, 18(3); C 7, 18 (2); IC 7 (15).

IC: T/O & E 7-13, Sv Co,.Inf,;Regt; 7-29,Sv Co, Armd Inf Bn; 7-33, Inf Sv Co, Regt,Prcht; 7-53, Sv Co, Gli Inf Regt; 7-72, Hq& Hq & Sv Co, Lt Inf Regt; 7-86, Hq & HqCo, Ranger Inf Bn; 7-96, Hq & Hq & Sv Co,Inf Bn Sep; 7-126, Hq & Hq & Sv Co, InfBn, Sep; 7-133, Sv Co, Mt Inf Regt.

For explanation of symbols see FM 21-6.

CONTENTS

Paragraphs Page

PART ONE. Supply and evacuation.

CHAPTER 1. General ........................................ 1-6 1

CHAPTER 2. Procurement and distributionof supplies.

Section I. Class I supply ............................ 7-11 14II. Class II supply ............................ 12-14 30

III. Class III supply.......................... 15-17 33IV. Class IV supply.......................... 18-20 36V. Class V supply............................ 21-30 38

CHAPTER 3. Maintenance, repair, and otheractivities ................................... 31-34 56

CHAPTER 4. Medical service and evacuation 35-46 68

CHAPTER 5. Administrative plans and orders 47-48 83

PART TWO. Regimental service com-pany and medicaldetachment.

CHAPTER 6. Regimental service company.

Section 1. Organization of the servicecompany ................................... 49-53 90

II. Operation of the servicecompany .................................... 54-57 108

CHAPTER 7. Organization of the regimen.tal medical detachment ............ 58-63 119

Appendix I. List of references ............................... 130II. Form for break-down of rations ........ 132

III. Motor maintenance-echelons ofmaintenance ........................................ 134

iii

This manual supersedes FM 7-30, Infantry Field Manual, ServiceCompany and Medical Detachment (Supply and Evacuation) Infantry

Regiment, 31 December 1942.

Part One

SUPPLY AND EVACUATION

Chapter 1

GENERAL

1. REFERENCES. a. For fundamentals of admin-istration, see FM 100-10. For logistical data, seeFM 101-10. For administrative orders, see FM101-5.

b. Attention is directed to FM 21-7 for details asto how appropriate training films and film stripsare intended to be used and how they are made avail-able for use during training.

c. For military terms not defined in this manualor in FM 100-10, see TM 20-205.

2. DEFINITIONS. The following definitions supple-ment those contained in FM 100-10:

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a. Administrative orders. Orders that cover sup-ply, evacuation, and other administrative details ofoperations. Administrative orders are issued undercircumstances where the instructions regardingthese matters are too voluminous to be embodied inparagraph 4 of the field order, or when a field orderis not being published and at the same time it isnecessary to publish administrative instructions tothe command. Division administrative orders areusually issued in written form. Regimental admin-istrative orders may be oral or dictated, and ineither complete or fragmentary form.

b. Collecting station. A division medical instal-lation where sick and wounded are assembled fromaid stations, sorted, treated if necessary, and evacu-ated to the division clearing station.

c. Point of release (Release point). A point alongthe route, either to the front or to the rear, at whichtransportation is released from the control of oneechelon to that of another, usually for supply orevacuation purposes. The release point should be awell-defined, easily recognized terrain feature nearthe divergence of routes to the various elements ofa unit.

d. Requirements. Those computed supplies neededfor the equipment, maintenance, and operation of amilitary force for a given period, and classified asindividual, organizational, initial, replacement, andreserve.

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3. BASIC PRINCIPLES AND PROCEDURE. a.The supply mission. The regimental supply missionis to provide the individual and unit with sufficientsupplies to initiate and sustain combat until re-plenishment from the rear can be effected; and toeffect replenishment from the rear despite the de-velopments of combat. The supply plan is a successonly when this mission has been accomplished.

b. Principles of supply.The principles governingsupply operation are designed to carry out thesupply mission in the most expeditious and efficientmanner. They are applicable under all conditions,but the degree of application of any one principlewill vary with the situation. These principles are:

(1) Supply is a command responsibility. A com-mander may charge certain members of his staffand other administrative personnel with certain sup-ply functions, but they act only in the name of andfor the commander. The responsibility for insuringthe proper supply of the unit is that of the com-mander alone. He is also responsible for the supplyof attached elements.

(2) An inseparable alliance exists between tac-tics and supply. The supply plan must support thetactical plan. The most brilliantly conceived andexecuted tactical plan will fail unless supported bya sound supply plan.

(3) Plans must have simplicity and continuity.The simple plan is usually the best plan. Continuityof supply requires constant forward planning.

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(4) 'Flexibility and mobility in sipply operationsare necessary to meet rapidly changing <situations.Flexibility is attained by decentralization of opera-tions, efficient administrative control, and carefulselection of locations for installations. Mobilityis promoted by judicious distribution of supplieslaterally, and in depth, and by keeping supply vehi-cles loaded to the maximum extent practicable. How-ever, the more the individual and unit are, burdenedwith supplies the less mobile they become. Hence acompromise must be made in order to attain bothreasonable certainty of supply (continuity) andnecessary tactical mobility.

(5) The impetus of supply is from the reartoward the point of consumption. It is the functionof each element in the supply chain to push suppliesforward within reach of elements in front. However,each commander is responsible for making his re-quirements known to higher authority in sufficienttime to permit furnishing these supplies by normalmethods and for making necessary arrangementsfor drawing and distributing supplies allocated tohim. The impetus, therefore, should come from therear only so far as subordinate commanders cannotassist themselves.

(6) Adequate supplies must be provided withoutcreating an immobilizing surplus. Allowances areheld to the minimum deemed necessary to meet thetactical situation. The fluidity which is characteris-tic of modern operations has a tendency to separateunits and individuals from supply sources. This fre-

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quently requires units and individuals to be self-sustaining. Under these conditions, the regimentmust anticipate its requirements and provide ade-quate reserves on individuals and vehicles. Whennecessary, higher authority will be requested to fur-nish additional transportation for this purpose.

(7) Combat elements must be relieved of admin-istrative details to the greatest extent possible. Ad-ministrative personnel justify their existence onlywhen this is accomplished. Routine requirements,such as rations, of subordinate units of the regimentare supplied automatically. (See FM 100-10.) When-ever practicable, their other requirements are anti-cipated by supply officers and procured withoutrequest from the companies or detachments con-cerned. This, however, in no way relieves the com-mander of his responsibility for seeing to theadequate supply of his unit. Preparation of supplyforms and maintenance of supply records are ac-complished by administrative personnel.

(8) Precautions must be taken to safeguard sup-plies and transportation. This demands full utiliza-tion of all personnel and weapons present in a supplyinstallation in the defense of such installation. Themaximum exploitation of passive methods of pro-tection, such as organization of the terrain anddispersion of vehicles and camouflage, is also ofvital importance to the security of the supplies andtransportation.

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c. General procedure. (1) PRESCRIBED SUP-PLIES. Supplies to be carried by the regiment onindividuals, company transport, and regimentaltrains are prescribed by Tables of Organization andEquipment and directives published by the War De-partment and theater of operations commanders.

(2) ECHELONS OF SUPPLY. The regimentalsupply service usually operates in three echelonsduring active operations: the regiment, the bat-talion, and the company. When the regiment is ingarrison or camp, supply is usually direct fromregiment to company; the battalion echelon as suchis then inoperative but should function under theregimental S-4 for training purposes.

(3) PROCUREMENT AND DISTRIBUTION.The channels of supply, both for requisition anddistribution, follow the channels of command duringtactical operations. Regimental headquarters re-ceives requisitions from battalions and companies;it consolidates and forwards them to the appropriatesection of the division special staff, which in turnforwards the requisitions to the appropriate armysupply service and makes arrangements for the regi-ments to draw the supplies at army supply point (s).Upon notification by division as to when and wherethe supplies are to be drawn, the regiment, usingits organic transportation, procures and transportsthem to the regimental area for distribution to sub-ordinate units. Battalion headquarters receives re-quests from companies and forwards them to the

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regimental supply officer; it receives supplies fromthe regiment, and issues or makes them available tocompanies. Attached elements are supplied by theunit to which they are attached,

4. DUTIES OF OFFICERS IN REGIMENTALSUPPLY ECHELON. a. Regimental supply officer(S-4). (1) The regimental supply officer coordinatesand supervises the regimental supply serviceand is responsible to the regimental commanderfor its functioning in accordance with the ordersof higher headquarters and the tactical plan of theregiment. His sphere of activity includes the entireregimental area. His duties require him to keepin close touch with S-3 and the tactical situation,with the service company, with subordinate com-manders, with the division G-4, and with all supplyestablishments. While the supply office group isusually divided between the command post and thetrain bivouac, the supply officer keeps in touch withthe regimental command post and personally goeswherever his presence is needed.

(2) In general, the regimental supply officer ischarged with duties which pertain to the supplysection of the regimental staff. (See FM 101-5.)Specifically, his duties relate to planning for andsupervising matters concerning the Allowing:

(a) Procurement, storage, transportation, anddistribution of all supplies (coordination as neces-sary with S-3).

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(b) Location of supply, medical, and maintenanceinstallations (coordination with S-3).

(c) Maintenance of equipment.(d) Salvage.(e) Collection and disposal of captured supplies

(coordination with S-2 for examination of materieland with division G-4 for disposition).

(f) Construction, procurement, operation, andmaintenance of facilities relating to supply, shelter,and transportation, exclusive of fortification mate-rials.

(g) Evacuation of personnel.(h) Evacuation of supplies in retrograde move-

ments and arrangements for destruction of thosesupplies that would otherwise fall into the hands ofthe enemy (coordination with S-3)'.

(i) Traffic control (coordination with S-3).(j) Recommendations as to protection of the regi-

mental train bivouac and other rear supply installa-tions (coordination with S-3).

(k) Supervision of property responsibility.(I) Preparation of administrative plans in co-

ordination with other staff officers as, necessary,and dissemination of information by means of para-graph 4 of field orders as well as through fragmen-tary administrative orders.

b. Service company commander. The service com-pany commander is the principal agent of the regi-

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mental supply officer (S-4) in the execution ofapproved supply plans, except for ammunition,pyrotechnics, antitank mines, and chemical supply.(See pars. 50 and 54.) He commands the regimentaltrain bivouac. (See par. 57.) He usually supervisesthe receipt and distribution of all supplies exceptclass V items and medical supplies. The latter aresent direct from the division to the medical detach-ment. (See pars. 60a and 62b.)

c. Munitions officer. The munitions officer is as-sistant to the regimental supply officer. Duringcombat, he commands sections of the regimentalammunition train while they are under regimentalcontrol. He also commands any company transportthat may be employed under regimental control toobtain ammunition at supply points established byhigher headquarters. He is charged with procuringammunition and other class V items and distributingthem to battalions and other combat units of theregiment in accordance with the approved plan andunit needs. He establishes and operates the regi-mental ammunition supply point. He prepares am-munition records and reports.

d. Regimental motor transport officer. The regi-mental motor transport officer employs elements ofhis platoon as directed by the service company com-mander to procure and distribute supplies and per-form second echelon maintenance on regimentalmotor vehicles. (See par. 52.)

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5. DUTIES OF OFFICERS IN BATTALION SUP-PLY ECHELON. a. Battalion supply officer (S-4).(1) The battalion supply officer is assigned to thetransportation platoon, service company. (See par.52.) He performs staff and supply duties as directedby the battalion commander and is responsible forthe functioning of the battalion supply system in thefield and in combat, with particular reference torations, water, ammunition, gasoline, and oil.

(2) The duties of battalion S-4 include-

(a) Preparation of the battalion supply planbased upon the regimental supply plan and thetactical plan of the battalion commander.

(b) Supervision of elements of the companytransport and battalion trains (ammunition andkitchen and baggage trains) when they are operat-ing under battalion control. He is assisted in thisduty by the battalion motor transport officer.

(c) Coordination with the regimental supplyechelon regarding details relating to the movementof battalion supplies and trains.

(d) Determination of the supply requirementsfor companies and attached units through personalcontact.

(e) Establishment and operation of the battalionammunition supply point.

(f) Supervision, during combat, to insure that anadequate supply of ammunition is delivered to com-panies and any attached units.

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(g) Reconnaissance for covered routes betweenthe battalion and the regimental supply points andpoints of release of trains, and regulation of themovement of vehicles on these routes.

(h) Coordination of supply operations with thetactical situation, and the supply plans' with thetactical plans of the battalion commander, by keep-ing in close touch with the battalion command postat all times.

b. Battalion motor transport officer. (1) The bat-talion motor transport officer is a member of thebattalion headquarters company. His staff dutiesas motor transport officer constitute his principalfunctions.

(2) The duties of the battalion motor transportofficer include-

(a) Assisting the battalion S-4 in the supervisionof such company transport and elements of the regi-mental trains as may be grouped under battalioncontrol.

(b) Supervision, coordination, and expedition ofthe movement of company transport and ammuni-tion train vehicles between company areas and thebattalion ammunition supply point so as to insurean adequate supply of ammunition to all companies.

(c) Supervision and coordination of first andsecond echelon motor maintenance activities withinthe battalion.

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c. Ammunition and pioneer platoon leader. (1)The leader of the battalion ammunition and pioneerplatoon performs such staff duties as the battalioncommander may direct. He is charged with thesupervision of his platoon in the execution of am-munition supply and pioneer tasks. He accomplishessimple field engineering (pioneer) tasks not requir-ing the technical and special equipment of engineertroops. He assigns duties to members of his platoonin accordance with the requirements of the situa-tion after consultation with the battalion S-4. He isalso the battalion gas officer and battalion muni-tions officer.

(2) His duties include-

(a) Pioneer reconnaissance; control of the pio-neer operations of his platoon. (See FM 7-20.)

(b) Assistance to the battalion S-4 in selection,establishment, and operation of the battalion am-munition supply point. (See par. 23.)

(c) Use of his platoon to assist in hand-carry ofammunition to company areas when this is neces-sary.

(d) Supervision and coordination of gas defensetraining and measures within the battalion, includ-ing inspection of gas defense equipment and use ofdecontaminating agents.

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6. RESPONSIBILITY AND DUTIES OF COM-PANY COMMANDERS. The company is the basicunit with administrative functions. Each companycommander is responsible for the administration ofhis company and its supply. This responsibility can-not be delegated. (See par. 3b(1).) The companycommander is responsible for making timely re-quests for supplies and for distributing suppliesreceived to the members of his company. He is alsoresponsible for the supply of attached units or per-sonnel. In combat, he controls the employment ofcompany transportation within the company area,and insures the timely replenishment of ammuni-tion to his platoons. He is assisted in these mattersby his second-in-command and the company supplysergeant.

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Chapter 2

PROCUREMENT AND DISTRIBU-

TION OF SUPPLIES

Section I.

CLASS I SUPPLY

7. GENERAL. a. Class I supplies are those articleswhich are consumed at an approximately uniformdaily rate, irrespective of combat operations or ter-rain, and which do not necessitate special adapta-tion to meet individual requirements. Rations andwater are the principal class I items for infantry.(See fig. 1.)

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AREAD

CLASS | I( *C^NS AdS WATI:

HOESH

CLASS 11

CLOTHING

CLASS III { ~~GASOLINE

CLASS III a i S

CLASS IV

CLASS V {\> AMM ANTITANK MIN

OREMADE A AUMNNlT

Figure 1. Classes of supply, type items.

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b. A ration is the allowance of food for one per-son for one day. The garrison ration is ordinarilyprescribed in time of peace. It is issued in the formof a money allowance. Units draw such availablefood components as they may elect within the limitsof this allowance, and may be credited with rationsavings. The field ration is ordinarily issued in timeof war, national emergency, or field training. It isissued in kind and the ration savings privilege issuspended. Its components and substitutes are pre-scribed by the War Department or the commanderof the field forces, and may consist of field rationA, B, C, D, K, or 10-in-1, or combinations of these.

(1) Field ration A corresponds in general to thepeacetime- garrison ration and generally is perish-able. Being perishable, it is not suitable as a reserveration.

(2) Field ration B is the same as field ration Aexcept that nonperishable substitutes replace perish-able items. This ration is suitable as a reserve ration.

(3) Field ration C is a cooked, balanced rationin cans. Each ration consists of three cans of pre-pared meats and vegetables and three cans of crack-ers, sugar, soluble coffee, and a confection. As thisration is not perishable, it is suitable for use as aunit reserve or individual reserve.

(4) Field ration D consists of three 4-ounce con-centrated food bars, largely chocolate, three barsbeing one ration. It is a nonperishable ration and issuitable for use as an individual reserve.

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(5) Field ration K is a' concentrated, cookqdration composed of a breakfast, dinner, and supperunit. Each unit is packed in a paper box wrapped inparaffin paper. This ration is' nonperishable and issuitable for use as an individual reserve.

(6) The 10-in-1 ration is a cooked ration packedin a fiber box inclosing two packages, each contain-ing rations for five men. This ration is suitable foruse as a reserve ration and for issue to patrols andsmall groups.

c. Prior to combat, one or more meals of fieldrations C, D, or K should be procured and issued toindividuals as an individual reserve. Organizationsor small detachments may be issued suitable fieldrations for independent missions when such unitsmust be self-sustained for short periods. (See par.3b (6).)

d. Troops should be provided with three mealsdaily; when practicable, two of these meals shouldbe hot.

8. PROCUREMENT OF RATIONS.' a. The quantityand type of rations to be carried by individuals andon unit trains as a prescribed load is announcedfrom time to time by the division or higher com-mander. Rations are received and distributed dailyby a relatively standard procedure. They are ordin-arily obtained by the regiment during one 24-hourperiod for consumption during the next 24-hourperiod. In the combat zone, it is usually necessary

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to draw rations in bulk, divide them into companylots, and distribute them as cooked meals, all undercover of darkness. Consumption of a given rationissue begins with either breakfast or supper, prefer-ably supper. The 24-hour period in which it isplanned that rations will be consumed is called a"ration cycle."

b. In combat, the daily strength report constitutesthe requisition for rations. Companies and detach-ments transmit their strength reports through com-mand channels to regimental headquarters. Therethe S-1 section makes a consolidated report andsends it to division headquarters; one copy is pre-pared for the regimental supply officer. This re-port is the basis on which rations in bulk are issuedto the regiment at the army supply point (railhead)one or more days later. At the time of issue, theregimental supply officer or his representativemakes adjustment with the railhead officer to meetany differences shown by the most recent strengthreport.

c. The army quartermaster service sorts rationsat or near supply points into lots for regiments andsmaller units. The regiment sends transportation tothe army supply point to obtain the rations accord-ing to a time schedule established by the division.Rations are loaded by army service personnel as-sisted by truck drivers. Rations received are checkedagainst itemized lists furnished at the time of issue.

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9. DISTRIBUTION OF RATIONS. a. The regimen-tal supply point is ordinarily established at the loca-tion of the kitchen and baggage train or other con-venient place in the regimental train bivouac. (Seepar. 57.) The receiving and distributing group ofthe service company, assisted by such additionalpersonnel as are available and required, unloads andsorts the rations at the regimental supply point. Theamounts due each company are determined by mul-tiplying the strength of each unit, including person-nel attached for rations, by the prescribed allowanceper man per item. (See app. II.) When theseamounts are determined, the various items areweighed or counted and divided into company lots.This break-down, supervised by an officer, shouldbe completed before beginning distribution in orderto avoid confusion and to equalize overages orshortages. At least once each week, a field officershould check the methods used in determiningamounts due and inspect the division of rations intocompany lots.

b. Details from company mess groups receivecompany lots at the regimental supply point andcarry them to the kitchens. If the kitchen locationsare beyond hand-carrying distance from the supplypoint, one or more kitchen trucks of a battalionsection are used for delivery. (See fig. 2.)

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10. PREPARATION AND DELIVERY OF RA-TIONS TO TROOPS. a. Meals are prepared by eachcompany mess detail on field ranges at-

(1) Kitchen locations in the regimental trainbivouac.

(2) Battalion kitchen bivouacs located fartherforward than the regimental train bivouac.

(3) The company mess location in the area oc-cupied by the company.

b. (1) During combat, meals are usually preparedon field ranges (wood or gasoline) either entirelyor in part at a rear kitchen location (usually in theregimental train bivouac; sometimes in battalionkitchen bivouacs). From there, meals are trans-ported in food containers close to troop locations bykitchen trucks. One truck (with trailer, if neces-sary) may be used to deliver food to more than onecompany if a shortage of vehicles or tactical cir-cumstances require; otherwise, one truck is used foreach company. Since tactical considerations ordin-arily preclude daylight movement of kitchen trucksinto areas of forward companies, a hot supper isprepared and loaded on kitchen trucks by dark. Atdark, the trucks are moved under regimental control(if they are going from the regimental train bi-vouac)' to a regimental point of release from whichthey proceed under battalion control to a battalionpoint of release. From the battalion point of releasethey are led by company guides under company con-trol to company mess locations where supper is

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issued. If the trucks are to revert to regimental con-trol after feeding of supper, they are conducted bycompany guides back to the battalion point of re-lease; from this point they move under battalioncontrol to the regimental point of release, wherethey come under regimental control. They. thenproceed to the regimental train bivouac area. (Seefig. 2.)

(2) Infantry units are also provided with one-burner cooking outfits on the basis of one per 12men. These are designed for use by patrols andsmall groups in preparation of meals when it is notpracticable to provide hot food prepared at the kit-chen locations.

c. The company mess location should afford con-cealment from hostile observation and should pro-vide defilade from hostile fire. It should be as nearthe troops to be fed as tactical conditions permit.The company commander selects the company messlocation, sends a guide to meet the kitchen truckat the battalion point of release, and upon its ar-rival sees that his troops and attached elements arefed.( Food containers are carried forward by carry-ing 'arties to troops who cannot come to the messlocation. Arrangements are made by the companycommander to have carrying parties at the messlocation when the truck arrives. They are told thelatest hour at which empty containers must be re-turned for use in delivering the next hot meal)

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d. Breakfast is usually issued as a hot meal andlunch as a cold meal. These meals are prepared atrear kitchen locations or at company mess locations,when practicable. The gasoline field range, unlikethe wood-burning range, has a concealed, smokelessflame; therefore with proper camouflage discipline,it can be used in company mess locations with lessdanger of disclosure. Breakfast and lunch are pre-pared during the night and are issued at the latesthour of darkness that satisfies tactical requirementsand permits return of containers and withdrawalof trucks into the train bivouac before daylight.

e. When a complete ration is on hand at dark,kitchen trucks may go forward from the bivouacand serve all three meals before returning. In thisevent, supper is prepared at the bivouac; breakfastand lunch are prepared at the company mess loca-tions or at other convenient forward locations. Thisprocedure requires only one round trip between theregimental train bivouac and company mess loca-tions during the night and often may be advisablebecause of traffic conditions. However, this pro-cedure entails greater difficulty for mess personneland may be impracticable when units are in contactwith the enemy.

f. When, for any reason, cooking in the forwardarea is impracticable, the following procedure maybe used: At dark, kitchen trucks carry supper for-ward to company mess locations and, as soon asemptied food containers are reloaded, return tobivouac. While this is taking place, company mess

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personnel at the bivouac begin preparation of thehot breakfast and cold lunch. Kitchen trucks thencarry these two meals forward. This procedure in-volves two trips forward during the night and some-timhes may be impracticable. When not required fornormal functional operations, weapon carriers maybe used to advantage for delivering food and waterto troops.

g. When it is impracticable to effect the deliveryof rations to troops in the usual manner, the indi-vidual reserve ration should be consumed, but onlyon instructions of battalion and separate companycommanders; in isolated cases, blanket authorityshould be given for its use. When practicable, allor a portion of the reserve ration should be heatedin order to provide maximum nourishment andstimulation.

h. The regimental supply officer determines thebest plan for rationing the troops and, after ap-proval by the regimental commander, transmits theplan to battalion supply officers and to commandersof separate companies and detachments. Details ofthe plan are transmitted to the service companycommander as early as practicable in order thathe may give timely instructions to mess personnelof the various companies. The ration plan includessuch of the following instructions as are appropri-ate:

(1) Location of kitchen bivouac(s) (usually inregimental train bivouac).

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(2) Place of preparation of each meal (regimen-tal train bivouac, advanced regimental or battalionkitchen areas, or company mess locations).

(3) Number of kitchen and baggage vehicles perbattalion to be employed for delivering food totroops (usually one truck per company; three perbattalion when necessary to conserve transportationor reduce vehicular traffic).

(4) Detailed instructions relative to loading con-tainers of food to serve elements of companies inremote locations.

(5) Additional items of supply that are to besent forward to troops..

(6) Hour(s) kitchen trucks will leave bivouacfor delivery of meal (s) to troops.

(7) Hours and places of release to battalions andof reversion to regimental control.

(8) Restrictions upon movement.i. Upon receipt of instructions from the regimen-

tal supply officer, the battalion supply officer makeshis plan. It includes additional supplies to bebrought forward, how to move kitchen and baggagevehicles while under battalion control, and suitablepoint(s) of release to companies. (For deliveryand collection of individual rolls, see par. 47h.)When his plan is approved by the battalion com-mander, the battalion supply officer advises eachcompany concerned and arranges for companyguides to meet and conduct trucks from the battalion

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point of release to company mess locations. He ar-ranges to have certain companies mess any troopsin the battalion area who are without messing facili-ties or are widely separated fropI their companies.When the kitchens are under regimental control, heinforms the regimental S-4 of the arrangements intime to insure that instructions are issued to themess personnel, through the service company com-mander, for the appropriate loading of vehicles. Healso makes certain that, upon release to the bat-talion, vehicles proceed properly to the battalionpoint of release. After completion of messing, hesupervises the movement of vehicles from the timethey are returned to battalion control until they passto regimental control.

j. The foregoing procedure usually meets mosttactical requirements, but is modified as necessaryto meet special circumstances. Ration distributionmust be kept flexible, and the regimental supplyofficer often must modify the normal procedure.The responsibility of each unit for distribution ofrations and water begins when it receives noticefrom the next higher echelon of the time and placewhere supplies will be available, and ends when thesupplies are released to the next lower echelon.

11. WATER SUPPLY. a. Average water require-ments (see note 1) under varying conditions ofservice, expressed in gallons per man and vehicleper day, may be computed as follows:

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b. Filled water cans are carried by kitchen andbaggage vehicles as part of their normal loads. Wa-ter is replenished locally wherever practicable.Water which has not been inspected and approvedby a medical officer or an Engineer Corps watersupply detachment will be chlorinated before beingused for drinking and cooking purposes. When localsources are limited, division engineers will establishand operate one or more division water supplypoints, in the vicinity of the train bivouacs, at whichwater cans are refilled. When kitchen and baggagevehicles are under regimental control, the servicecompany commander is responsible for refilling wa-ter cans at the designated supply point, in accord-ance with prescribed schedules. Filled cans areusually sent forward with meals. Canteens are re-filled at company mess locations; this can be expe-dited, without waste, by emptying cans into watersterilizing bags having multiple outlets. Membersof platoons fed by carrying parties refill their can-teens from water containers brought to platoonmess locations or send their canteens to the companymess location to be refilled.

c. There are several expedients that may beadopted for the sterilization of water.

(1) Calcium hypochlorite is the agent normallyused to sterilize water in the Lyster or water steri-lizing bag. One ampule (0.5 gram) of this sub-stance, the size normally used to sterilize 36 gallonsin the water sterilizing bag, may be emptied into acanteen full of water. When the ampule is fully

28

11

dissolved and if the solution is used immediately, aquantity sufficient to fill the metal cap of his can-teen may be dispensed to each soldier and will beadequate to sterilize the water in his canteen. Thirtyminutes should elapse before the water is drunk.

(2) Individuals are issued water purifying (Hal-azone) tablets, to be used when they are separatedfrom their unit source of supply.

(3) Boiling water for 3 to 5 minutes is a highlyefficient method, but is impracticable for largegroups and is frequently inadvisable for tacticalreasons.

"IG. 2 29

12

Section II.

CLASS II SUPPLY

12. GENERAL. a. Class II supplies comprise ar-ticles for which allowances are established by Tablesof Equipment. Type items are clothing, gas masks,arms, trucks, radio sets, tools, instruments, and cer-tain medical items. (See fig. 1.)

b. Clothing and both individual and organizationalequipment are ordinarily replaced during periodswhen the regiment is not engaged in combat. Theyare generally obtained by requisition or exchangeon the basis of actual or estimated requirements.Motor vehicles may be obtained by arrangementsthrough division for direct exchange of unservice-able vehicles for serviceable vehicles from the armyreplacement pool. During combat, when weaponsor prescribed items of individual or organizationalequipment are required to replace those damaged,destroyed, or lost, companies send requests to theregimental supply officer, who has the consolidatedrequisition sent to the appropriate division supplyservice. This agency makes the necessary arrange-ments for the procurement of the items requestedand notifies the regimental supply officer when andwhere to obtain them. When an allocation of sup-plies has been made, an informal request may be

30

12-14

made by the regimental supply officer and shouldbe forwarded to the G-4 of the division or otherheadquarters controlling the credit. The staff sup-ply officer concerned, at the direction of G-4, willthen make the necessary arrangements with thearmy to provide the items requested. The servicecompany commander is charged with receiving anddistributing class II supplies, for which purpose heuses personnel of the receiving and distributinggroup and available vehicles and personnel of thetransportation platoon. Delivery may be made di-rectly to company details in the train bivouac, whoarrange to have the items carried forward. Forrepair and replacement of equipment, see paragraph33.

13. ENGINEER. Engineer entrenching equipmentand the vehicle(s) for its transport constitute a partof the equipment issued to the ammunition andpioneer platoon of each battalion headquarters com-pany. When the tactical situation requires, thisequipment is made available to companies in accord-ance with the battalion commander's plan. Theleader of the battalion ammunition and pioneer pla-toon will normally be charged with the actual dis-tribution and the subsequent recovery of the en-trenching equipment within the battalion.

14. MEDICAL. Supplies needed by the medical de-tachment may be procured by formal requisition, in-formal request, or exchange. Formal requisitionsare forwarded to the division surgeon who makes

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14

arrangements for procurement at the army medicalsupply point. Usually, the supplies are procuredby the service company and distributed by it to theunits concerned. The regimental section of themedical detachment normally takes charge of dis-tribution within the medical detachment. Duringcombat, the medical detachment usually obtains itsrequirements by informal request, the battalionand/or regimental surgeons calling on the divisioncollecting company for replenishment. Resupply ofsome items of field equipment (litters, blankets,splints, etc.) is effected by exchange with the nexthigher medical echelon. (See par. 62.)

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15-16

Section III.

CLASS III SUPPLY

15. GENERAL. a. Class III supplies for infantryunits consist primarily of gasoline, lubricating oil,and grease. (See fig. 1.) The amount of these sup-plies consumed in the daily operation of the regi-ment varies within wide limits, depending on thedistance the regiment moves, distance to army sup-ply points, and quantity of supplies to be hauled.The estimated requirements of gasoline and oil forthe regiment is reported to the division daily. Formethod of estimating requirements, see paragraph17.

b. The regiment carries a reserve supply of gas-oline in 5-gallon drums. Since this is the only re-serve carried by the regiment, a number of thesedrums may be removed from vehicles and utilizedto establish a rotating supply of filled drums at sup-ply points of the regiment and battalion. A reservesupply of oil and grease, in containers, is usuallycarried on the battalion and company maintenancetrucks and in the regimental maintenance section.

16. DISTRIBUTION. a. During movement, class IIIsupply points may be established by the regimentalservice company or by higher headquarters alongroutes of march. At such points, resupply may beeffected by exchanging empty for filled containers.

33

16

b. During combat, higher headquarters establish-es at railheads and other convenient locations alongthe main supply routes, class III supply points whereregimental vehicles operating along these routes areserviced with gasoline and oil. Vehicles operatingwithin the regimental area are usually resuppliedwith gasoline and oil from the regimental class IIIsupply point which is established in the regimentaltrain bivouac. Filled containers are brought to thispoint from class III supply points in rear by servicecompany vehicles.

c. (1) When practicable, gasoline and oil shouldbe distributed at more forward supply points. Whenavailable, filled containers may be distributed toregimental and battalion ammunition supply points,in order to refill vehicles coming to these establish-ments and to exchange filled containers for emptyones. Filled containers may also be sent forwardwhen meals are delivered to troops.

(2) Filled gasoline containers placed at supplypoints should be dispersed in several locations toprevent excessive loss by the explosion of a singlebomb or shell.

d. Battalion and separate company commandersare kept informed of the location and time of open-ing of class III supply points established by theregiment and higher headquarters. When notifiedthat sufficient containers are not available to pro-vide the distribution described in c above, battalionand separate company commanders dispatch one ormore company vehicles, with empty containers to

34

16-17

be refilled or exchanged for filled ones, to the mostconveniently located class III supply point.

e. The method of distributing class III suppliesvaries with the situation. Every effort is made tosimplify and expedite distribution. The servicecompany commander, assisted by the regimental mo-tor officer, carries out the distribution of class IIIsupplies as directed by the regimental supply officer.

17. ESTIMATED EXPENDITURES. a. Advanceestimates of gasoline and oil requirements should bemade daily by supply officers. Estimates of futuregasoline expenditures are usually figured in termsof the "unit mile," but are transmitted to the nexthigher authority in terms of gallons. The unit mileis the amount of gasoline in gallons required to moveall vehicles of the unit one mile. Each officer re-sponsible for unit supply determines his unit mile.Estimates take into account the following:

(1) Types and number of vehicles likely to beused.

(2) Distances likely to be traveled in any move-ment of the unit as a whole, in probable supply ac-tivities, and in reconnaissance and other activities.

(3) Gasoline for kitchen ranges.b. Oil requirements in gallons are calculated nor-

mally at 3 percent of gasoline requirements in gal-lons.

c. Regardless of estimated requirements, fueltanks and reserve containers of all vehicles are re-filled each day, if practicable.

d. For logistical data, see FM 101-10.35

18-19

Section IV.

CLASS IV SUPPLY

18. GENERAL. a. Class IV supplies normally com-prise articles for which allowances are not pre-scribed by Tables of Equipment and the demands forwhich are directly related to the operations contem-plated or in progress (except articles in classes IIIand V), such as fortification materials, construc-tion materials, and machinery. Engineer fortifica-tion material and signal supplies are the principalclass IV items of concern to infantry units. (Seefig. 1.)

b. In general, class IV supplies (miscellaneous)are usually obtained by requisition on the basis ofactual or estimated requirements.

c. Articles of any class may, by reason of specialstringency, be transferred to class IV pending thereestablishment of normal supply status for thesearticles.

19. ENGINEER. When a position is to be organizedfor defense, the supplies required by regiments formaintaining and improving field fortifications areplaced at the army engineer supply point, usuallywithout being requisitioned. Supplies are obtainedat this point and distributed to units by regimental

36

19-20

train vehicles in accordance with instructions of theregimental supply officer. The regimental supplyofficer notifies subordinate units when and whereengineer material will be delivered to working par-ties, and arranges for delivery. Ordinarily, he hasthe service company commander take charge of theprocurement and distribution of tools and fortifica-tion materials, and the recovery of the tools afterthey have served their purpose.

20. SIGNAL. The division signal officer may estab-lish a supply point within the division area to storetemporarily quantities of supplies (such as wire),which are estimated to be required for an operation,but which cannot be carried initially by subordinateunits and which must be delivered during combat.Normally supply will be direct from army to usingunits. The division signal officer arranges with thearmy signal officer for units to draw supplies. Theservice company is usually charged with procuringsignal supplies from the higher echelon and deliver-ing them to the companies concerned.

37

21

Section V

CLASS V SUPPLY

21. GENERAL. a. Class V supplies include ammu-nition, pyrotechnics, antitank mines, and chemicals.(See fig. 1.)

b. (1) Requirements and supply procedure de-pend upon the tactical situation. As a general pro-cedure, ammunition is trucked as close to the usingweapons as possible. When a unit empties an am-munition carrying vehicle, this vehicle is sent im-mediately to the ammunition supply point of thenext higher unit with a request for the amount andtypes of ammunition desired. Each unit comman-der is responsible for supplying his subordinateunits with class V items after they have been madeavailable to him. In all situations, subordinateleaders keep the next higher commander informedof the status of ammunition supply. The ideal situ-ation is to have at all times, within easy access tomachine-gun, mortar, howitzer, and antitank gunpositions, an amount of ammunition equal to ex-penditures expected to be made from those positionsin, addition to the prescribed loads of unit vehicles.The practical solution is to approach the ideal asclosely as available transportation and ability topredict expenditures will permit. Only enough am-

38

21-22

munition is unloaded at successive weapon positionsand supply points to meet the probable needs priorto further advance.

(2) When the situation warrants, any vehicle ofthe regiment may be employed in the procurementand distribution of ammunition. Personnel in sup-port or reserve units may be employed by the com-mander thereof to assist in hand-carrying ammuni-tion to forward elements of his unit. The ammuni-tion in the possession of dead or wounded, on un-serviceable vehicles, or near weapons that are in-capable of being fired, will be recovered and employ-ed by the nearest individual or unit. Capturedammunition and weapons should be employed to thegreatest practicable extent; however, captured auto-matic weapons having a distinctive sound should beemployed only when friendly troops in the immedi-ate vicinity have been informed that they are to beused.

c. Units are provided with sufficient ammunitionprior to contact with the enemy to enable them toinitiate and sustain combat until replenishmentfrom the rear can be effected. (See par. 3a.) Thisinitial supply of ammunition for infantry units iscarried on individual soldiers, company weapon car-riers and prime movers, and on vehicles of the regi-mental ammunition train.

22. PROCUREMENT BY REGIMENT. a. Class Vsupplies are normally made available in the formof credits at designated army supply points for a

39

22-23

stated period or operation. The division comman-der makes allocations to subordinate units. Theregiment secures ammunition within the limits ofits credits by calls on designated army supply pointsand reports the amounts actually obtained to thedivision ordnance officer. The latter keeps the rec-ord of allocations and of drafts made therefrom.The status of ammunition is determined by periodicreports from combat units. Except in emergencies,the regimental munitions officer (see par. 4c) willordinarily use ordnance department forms in draw-ing ammunition, and in making reports on statusof ammunition supply and any other reports or rec-ords required. He must be familiar with ammuni-tion code symbols as published in ordnance SNL's(standard nomenclature lists) for ammunition usedwithin the regiment. These code symbols are forthe purpose of designating types of ammunition andare used on all ammunition forms, records, and re-ports. See FM 9-6 for an explanation of ordnanceammunition forms and code symbols.

b. Labor for loading ammunition vehicles at armysupply points is furnished from army personnel.

23. AMMUNITION SUPPLY POINTS. a. Charac-teristics. Desirable characteristics of regimentaland battalion ammunition supply points are:

(1) Convenience to units served.

(2) Location at or in rear of the point whereroutes to subordinate units diverge.

49

23

(3) Defilade from hostile small-arms fire andsuitability for defense against mechanized attack.

(4) Concealment from air and ground observa-tion.

(5) Ease of identification by friendly troops.

(6) Facility of motor movement to the rear.

(7) Adequate space for truck turn-around andtransfer of loads.

b. Operation. (1) The munitions group of theservice company, headed by the regimental muni-tions officer under the supervision of the regimentalsupply officer, operates the regimental ammunitionsupply point, takes charge of ammunition vehicleswhen these vehicles are under regimental control,and directs their prompt loading and release to bat-talions and separate companies. Emptied ammuni-tion train vehicles are dispatched to the army am-munition supply point for refill as authorized by thedivision ordnance officer.

(2) Labor for transferring loads at regimentalammunition supply points is furnished by personnelfrom battalion ammunition and pioneer platoons, ifavailable; otherwise by personnel designated by theregimental commander for that purpose. Labor fortransferring loads at battalion ammunition supplypoints is furnished by personnel from the ammuni-tion and pioneer platoons of the respective bat-talions.

41

23

c. Security. (1) The regimental munitions offi-cer is responsible for safeguarding the regimentalammunition supply point. He uses any means thatare available within the installation; if the need foradded security means is indicated, he makes specificrecommendations to the regimental S-4.

(2) The battalion S-4 is charged with safeguard-ing the battalion ammunition supply point. He usespersonnel from the battalion ammunition and pio-neer platoon for this purpose.

(3) Measures taken for the security of ammuni-tion supply points are similar to those taken for theregimental train bivouac area. (See par. 57e.)

d. Route of ammunition advance. During offen-sive action, regimental and battalion ammunitionsupply points are advanced by bounds along prede-termined routes whenever displacement becomesnecessary in order to provide continuous close sup-port to units of the attacking echelon. This prede-termined route is called the route of ammunitionadvance and is prescribed in all offensive situations.It starts with the initial location for the ammunitionsupply point and continues to include a probablelocation from which to serve troops on the finsjobjective. Its purpose is to insure that units of theattacking echelon, which send back for ammunition,will not fail to locate the supply point even thoughit may be in the process of displacing.

42

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24. ROUTE MARCH. a. The ammunition train andcompany transport of rifle and heavy weapons com-panies move with the regimental motor column inrear of the foot elements. If the regiment marchesin more than one column, the motor elements of eachcolumn march in rear of the foot elements to whichthey belong. In a movement entirely by motor, com-pany transport accompanies its own unit. When theammunition train and company transport are underregimental control, they are usually commanded bythe motor transport officer. Prime movers andammunition vehicles of the antitank company andthe cannon company move as required by the mis-sions of their respective units. When a battalionleaves the regimental column, its ammunition trainis released to it along with its company transport.

b. When contact with enemy ground forces isremote and after extra ammunition has been issued(par. 26b (1)), advance guard company transportand ammunition train vehicles move by shortbounds, under control of the advance guard com-mander, immediately in rear of the foot elements ofthe main body and in advance of the regimental mo-tor column. When contact with enemy groundforces is imminent, weapon carriers are moved for-ward and released to companies.

25. APPROACH MARCH. a. Battalions in the lead-ing echelon are accompanied by their companytransport and ammunition trains. Weapon carriersmust be readily available to their units and move

44

25-26

under company control when practicable. Extraammunition may be issued before the approachmarch begins.

b. The company transport of rear battalionsmoves under company or battalion control. Bat-talion ammunition train vehicles move under battal-ion or regimental control. If extra ammunition isto be issued before the approach march begins, am-munition carrying vehicles are released to the com-panies concerned. As soon as the issue is completed,ammunition train trucks are returned to battalioncontrol. When the company transport and ammuni-tion train move under battalion control, they areusually commanded by the battalion supply officer.When the duties of the battalion supply officer re-quire his presence elsewhere, the command of thesevehicles is usually delegated to the battalion motortransport officer.

26. ATTACK. a. When practicable, assembly posi-tions (areas) are occupied preliminary to deploy-ment for attack. In them the attack is organizedand coordinated, equipment not essential to combatdisposed of, and extra ammunition issued if thishas not already been done. Attack orders are usuallyissued before departure from the assembly positions.These orders normally include the location of am-munition supply points, the routes of advance forammunition, and the disposition of company trans-port and ammunition train vehicles.

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26

b. (1) Prior to entry into combat, riflemen areissued "extra ammunition" from that carried onammunition train vehicles. Extra ammunition isthat additional quantity of small-arms ammunitionand grenades issued to riflemen, automatic rifle-men, and rifle grenadiers to augment that whichthey normally carry on the person. To issue thisammunition, ammunition train vehicles are usuallyreleased to companies. At the same time, all or partof the ammunition carried on ammunition train ve-hicles for crew-served weapons may be distributedto company ammunition bearers or weapon carriersas prescribed by the company commander. Ammu-nition train trucks are returned to the battalion am-munition supply point immediately after extra am-munition is issued. The loads of partially emptiedtrucks are consolidated, or in some situations aredumped, in order to empty vehicles for immediatedispatch to the regimental ammunition supply pointfor refill. The loaded trucks are usually held at thebattalion ammunition supply point until emptied,but may be moved forward along the route of am-munition advance. As soon as emptied, each am-munition truck is sent to the regimental ammunitionsupply point for refill.

(2) The battalion S-4 is charged with the estab-lishment and operation of the battalion ammunitionsupply point, procurement of ammunition from theregimental ammunition supply point, movement ofammunition vehicles between the battalion ammuni-tion supply point and the regimental ammunition

46

26

supply point, and delivery of ammunition to theunits of the battalion. For the execution of thesetasks, he uses the battalion motor transport officer,the battalion supply sergeant, and the ammunitionand pioneer platoon.

(3) The movement of ammunition forward of thebattalion ammunition supply point will be effectedby weapon carriers, when practicable. To facili-tate such movement, the battalion motor transportofficer is required to keep in touch with the weaponcarriers of all combat units and to supervise, coor-dinate, and expedite their movements within thebattalion area. It is not expected that he will per-sonally control movements of individual vehiclesor groups of vehicles; he will normally effect coor-dination by instructions to representatives of theunit commanders concerned.

(4) When hand-carrying of ammunition is neces-sary to place it in company areas, this work usuallyis performed by members of the ammunition andpioneer platoon. When necessary, members of theplatoon may be attached to companies to assist inhand-carrying ammunition within their areas. Theammunition and pioneer platoon leader superviseshis personnel while executing their ammunitionsupply tasks. He assigns duties to members of theplatoon in accordance with the requirements of thesituation after consultation with the battalion S-4.The ammunition and pioneer platoon operates fromthe battalion ammunition supply point. See FM7-10, 7-15, and 7-20 for further details pertainingto ammunition supply in the battalion.

47

26

(5) All company commanders are responsible fordistributing ammunition to their platoons forwardof the point of delivery by the next higher echelon.

c. Ammunition is made available by the regimentat the regimental ammunition supply point to repre-sentatives of the battalions, the antitank company,and the cannon company, who are responsible for itsdelivery to company and platoon areas. Procure-ment of ammunition by the regiment is effected byammunition train vehicles and such other availablevehicles as the situation requires. The organic am-munition vehicles of subordinate units that are oflarge tonnage capacity may be employed by the regi-ment to assist in hauling ammunition for their re-spective units from the army ammunition supplypoint. When the means within the regiment areinadequate to accomplish these results, applicationshould be made to division for additional trucks orcloser support by the ammunition supply agency.(See par. 3b(5).)

d. (1) The regimental ammunition supply pointis established and operated by the regimental muni-tions officer as described in b and c above.

(2) When required by the situation, one or morebattalions may be directed to return all ammunitiontrain vehicles to the regimental ammunition supplypoint. Ordinarily, ammunition train trucks are notunloaded at the regimental ammunition supplypoint unless the probability of heavy expendituresmakes it advisable to send all or part of them back

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26

for additional ammunition. When ammunition isto be stocked at the regimental ammunition supplypoint, labor details must be provided. These de-tails are obtained from battalion ammunition andpioneer platoons or other available units.

(3) As the attack progresses, the battalion andregimental ammunition supply points are displacedas indicated in paragraph 23d. Locations on theannounced routes of ammunition advance are recon-noitered in advance.

e. (1) Ammunition for the antitank company es-sential to initiate combat is carried for each gun onits prime mover and on the company headquartersammunition vehicle. Because of the limited mobil-ity of the antitank gun when moved by hand, theprime movers should normally remain under covernear the gun positions. Squad ammunition bearerscarry ammunition from the vehicles to the weapons.When the situation permits, the company ammuni-tion vehicle may be used to resupply ammunitionto the vicinity of the gun positions. If replenish-ment in larger quantities is necessary, arrangementsmust be made to secure a vehicle from the regimen-tal train.

(2) The initial supply of antitank mines is car-ried on the cargo vehicles of the antitank mine pla-toon. Replenishment of mines is effected by routingthese vehicles through the company ammunitionsupply point to the regimental ammunition supplypoint, and, if necessary, from there to the army am-

49

26

munition supply point, where they are refilled andreturned to the platoon through the same installa-tions.

(3) The antitank company ammunition supplypoint is usually located in the vicinity of its companycommand post. See FM 7-35 for further detailspertaining to ammunition supply for the antitankcompany.

f. (1) Ammunition for the cannon company es-sential to initiate combat is carried for each howitz-er on its prime mover and on platoon headquartersammunition vehicles. In combat all the vehicles re-main under platoon control and are held in the pla-toon firing position areas as close to the firing posi-tions as the terrain permits, except when platoonammunition vehicles are engaged in the resupplyof ammunition, or when control is assumed by thecompany commander. Control by the company com-mander may be dictated when one platoon has suf-fered vehicle losses which necessitate employing thevehicles of another platoon for its supply. The sec-tion prime movers are refilled from the platoonammunition vel icles or from platoon supply pointsestablished in the vicinity of the platoon or sectionfiring positions. When a platoon ammunition vehicleis emptied, the platoon leader dispatches it to thecompany ammunition supply point.

(2) When an emptied platoon ammunition ve-hicle reports to the company ammunition supplypoint, it is directed or conducted to the regimental

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26

ammunition supply point. At this point, ammuni-tion may be replenished from a reserve which hasbeen dumped previously or by exchange of theemptied vehicle for a filled one. If no ammunitionis available at the regimental ammunition supplypoint, the emptied vehicle will be conducted to thearmy ammunition supply point under regimentalcontrol, refilled, returned to the regimental ammu-nition supply point, and released to company control.

(3) The company commander is responsible forthe initial supply and resupply of ammunition forthe company. Records of ammunition expendituresare kept by chiefs of section, platoon leaders, andthe company commander in order to insure accu-rate information as to the status of ammunitionsupply within the company at all times. The com-pany commander selects and establishes the com-pany ammunition supply point. Its location willusually be near the company command post in orderto take advantage of the company communicationnet.

(4) The tonnage involved in the supply of am-munition for the cannon company is so great thatrequirements must be anticipated. When the regi-ment uses vehicles other than those assigned to thecannon company for hauling howitzer ammunitionfrom the army ammunition supply point, these ve-hicles are usually released to the cannon companycommander until their loads have been distributedin order to avoid transferring loads. See FM 7-37for further details pertaining to ammunition supplyfor the cannon company.

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27-28

27. RAPIDLY MOVING SITUATIONS. In rapidlymoving situations, the status of ammunition supplywithin the regiment should be determined, neces-sary replacement effected without delay, and theplans of higher headquarters ascertained relativeto the establishment of ammunition supply pointsalong the route to be followed so that contemplatedrequirements may be anticipated. When the estab-lishment of convenient army ammunition supplypoints is not contemplated, the regimental comman-der requests the necessary additional ammunitionand transportation to accomplish his assigned mis-sion. In all other details, the supply of ammunitionin a rapidly moving situation is similar to that pre-scribed for the attack, except that ammunitionshould be retained mobile on vehicles to an evengreater extent than in the attack.

28. DEFENSE. In defense, the method of ammuni-tion supply varies in the following particulars fromthat used in attack:

a. No routes of ammunition advance are pre-scribed.

b. (1) Initial loads of ammunition vehicles andan additional reserve will be placed on the position.Initially, the minimum tonnage to be unloaded on aposition is sufficient to obviate replenishment priorto dark. These stocks are usually placed on theground near initial, alternate, and supplementary

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28

weapon positions. In some situations, it may be ad-visable to create small battalion and regimentalstock piles as ammunition reserves.

(2) In the absence of a specific directive, thequantity of ammunition to be placed in the regimen-tal sector is determined by the regimental comman-der based on his estimate of the situation. This esti-mate includes such factors as ammunition alloca-tions; probable time, type, location, and duration ofcombat; distance to ammunition supply points; andtransportation available. After contact is madewith the enemy, replenishment of ammunition toand within the companies will usually be made un-der cover of darkness.

c. When the position is being occupied out of con-tact with the enemy, ammunition train and otheravailable cargo vehicles may be employed underregimental control to haul ammunition from thearmy ammunition supply point to the battle posi-tion. In executing this task, the regiment employsthe minimum number of available vehicles of largecapacity rather than a large number of vehicles ofsmall capacity, in order to reduce traffic congestionin rear areas and at the army ammunition supplypoint.

d. Usually, loads of ammunition train vehiclesare delivered to company areas. When this is im-practicable, weapon carriers are employed to com-plete delivery of ammunition from the regimentalor battalion ammunition supply points to companyareas.

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e. Vehicles not required in the defense of the for-ward areas are withdrawn to the regimental trainbivouac or other suitable location where their pre-scribed loads are reconstituted with ammunitionhauled from the army ammunition supply point inany available large capacity vehicles. After theprescribed amounts of ammunition for the reservebattalion(s), the antitank company, and the cannoncompany have been placed on the positions, all orpart of the vehicles of these units are refilled. Ve-hicles other than ammunition train vehicles may beleft in the forward area under unit control so as toinsure availability of a mobile supply of ammunitionand transportation for these units. Availability ofdefilade and concealment and the probable futureuse of vehicles are factors to be considered in de-termining which vehicles are to be left in the for-ward area.

29. RETROGRADE MOVEMENTS. Plans for am-munition supply in a retrograde movement shouldinsure the following:

a. Supply of covering force. Ammunition for thecovering force may be provided by transfer fromother units or by release of certain ammunitiontrain vehicles. A careful estimate of probable needsis imperative to avoid replenishing, abandoning, ordestroying ammunition when the covering forcewithdraws.

b. Supply of delaying units. Delaying units pro-vide themselves with such stocks of ammunition asthey are able to move from the initial position. They

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may also pick up limited additional stocks placedfor them along the route of withdrawal or on se-lected delaying positions.

c. Establishment of stock on new position. Theplan for placing stocks of ammunition on the newposition will be determined by the mission and thetactical situation.

30. LANDING OPERATIONS. a. Initial supply.Individuals and units are usually issued, prior todebarkation, sufficient ammunition to sustain com-bat for 1 or 2 days. Initial unit reserves of ammuni-tion, from 3 to 5 days supply for all troops, arecombat-loaded with each battalion combat team.These initial reserves are segregated prior to load-ing and are stowed so as to be immediately availableto follow assault troops ashore.

b. Resupply. The weight and bulk of certain typesof ammunition initially carried ashore by assaultunits prevent all of this ammunition being carriedinto action. That which is left on the beaches is as-sembled under battalion control into small unit piles,and constitutes battalion ammunition supply points;these subsequently pass to regimental control as theservice company comes ashore and battalions moveinland. Until transportation is landed, resupply ofassault units is necessarily by hand-carry, possiblyaugmented by confiscated transport (motor or ani-mal) found in the zone of action. As the beachheadis extended, and motor transportation landed, am-munition supply conforms to the principles of of-fensive action.

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31

Chapter 3

MAINTENANCE, REPAIR, ANDOTHER ACTIVITIES

31. MOTOR MAINTENANCE. a. General Themaintenance of motor vehicles is conducted in con-formity with FM 25-10 and AR 850-15. Maintenancewithin the regiment is normally limited to first andsecond echelon maintenance. For echelons of motormaintenance, see appendix III.

b. First echelon maintenance. First echelon main-tenance is that performed by truck drivers usingtools and supplies available on their vehicles. It in-cludes correct driving; servicing with gasoline, oil,water, and air; inspecting; cleaning and lubricating;tightening and minor adjustments; and care of toolsand accessories. The commander of each company towhich motor vehicles are organically assigned isresponsible for the direction and supervision of firstechelon maintenance of those vehicles. He assignsdefinite maintenance duties to truck drivers andprohibits them from doing other maintenance workexcept in emergencies. The truck driver is respon-sible to the company commander for preventivemaintenance functions within the limits of his abil-ity and the time and equipment available to him. He

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inspects his vehicle before, during, and after eachoperation and reports defects. The company com-mander makes regular inspections of his company'svehicles and causes appropriate adjustments beyondthe capabilities and facilities of the company to bereported to the battalion commander (battalion mo-tor transport officer).

c. Second echelon maintenance. Second echelonmaintenance is a regimental function which providesfor preventive maintenance, minor repairs, unit re-placement, inspections, lubrication, supply, battle-field recovery, and evacuation. Within the regiment,there are two groups responsible for this mainte-nance. In each company, except rifle companies,there is a company automobile mechanic who is re-sponsible for maintenance of company vehicles, thebattalion headquarters company automobile me-chanic being responsible for maintenance of the riflecompany vehicles in his battalion. All work whichcannot be performed by company mechanics ispassed on to the regimental maintenance section. Itis always advisable to have maintenance operationsperformed by the lowest echelon capable of perform-ing the operation.

d. Third, fourth, and fifth echelon (service)maintenance. This maintenance is normally per-formed by ordnance personnel. Vehicles requiringservice maintenance are ordinarily reported to thesupporting third echelon unit and immediate stepstaken to have them evacuated for repair or replace-ment. In emergencies, the service company mayhave to perform some third echelon maintenance.

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e. Inspections. It is the duty of all commandersto make regular and frequent inspections of theirmotor vehicles and of the operating and mainte-nance activities of their commands. Maintenance in-spections are made as prescribed by FM 25-10, AR850-15, and TM 9-2810. Immediately upon joininga unit, all officers will be instructed by the nextsenior officer as to the details of the required in-spections.

f. Maintenance during marches and combat. (1)During marches and tactical operations, everyopportunity for performing motor maintenance isutilized. Company automobile mechanics ride at therear of company transport groupings. During halts,they make preventive maintenance inspections, ad-justments, and minor repairs. When a vehicle breaksdown, a company automobile mechanic stops with itin order to diagnose the trouble and repair it, ifpracticable.

(2) During marches and in combat, the mainte-nance section of the service company is disposed soas to render the most efficient service to the regi-ment. The section usually marches at the tail of theregimental motor column.

(3) Temporary roadside repairs are often madeto unserviceable vehicles so that they can reach theirdestination or the bivouac of the maintenance sec-tion (in regimental train bivouac), where furtherrepairs are made. When a vehicle drops out, it isdriven, pushed, or towed to the side of the road and

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placed under any available cover. If possible, thetrouble is diagnosed and repaired at this point. Ifthe service company maintenance personnel decidethat repair is impossible within the time limit im-posed by the situation, the vehicle is either towed orabandoned. If towed, it is repaired when the unithalts or goes into bivouac. The decision to abandona vehicle, either temporarily or permanently, ismade only by an officer, or by a noncommissionedofficer who has been given this authority. In routemarch, an abandoned vehicle is reported to the nexthigher headquarters in order that it may be pickedup by a suitable maintenance or salvage unit. Forthe detailed procedure on abandonment, see FM 25-10.

(4) During combat, the maintenance section op-erates a mobile repair shop in the regimental trainbivouac where unserviceable reparable vehicles arebrought. Sometimes it is preferable to send repaircrews to make repairs on such vehicles at the spotwhere rendered inoperative.

g. Maintenance forms. Forms, records, and re-ports are designed to serve necessary and usefulpurposes. Responsibility for the proper execution ofthese forms rests upon commanding officers of allunits operating and maintaining motor vehicles. Itis emphasized, however, that forms, records, and re-ports are merely aids. They are not a substitute forthorough practical work, physical check, and active

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supervision. All types of forms will be found listedin AR 850-15. No forms other than those listed willbe used in operating and maintaining motor vehicleswithout prior War Department approval.

32. EXPLOITATION AND BATTLEFIELD RE-COVERY. a. General. Weapons, equipment and ma-teriel, pertaining to both enemy and friendly troops,which are disabled, partially worn out, captured orabandoned, must be placed in supply and mainte-nance channels in order that this materiel can beused immediately, or be repaired and reissued. Be-sides making available considerable quantities ofsupplies for reissue, such action conserves equip-ment and materiel and lessens the burden on trans-portation and supply systems. Every individual mustbe indoctrinated with his responsibility with regardto disabled and abandoned property. All personneltaking possession of abandoned materiel will firstinsure that it does not contain booby traps and isnot chemically contaminated. Booby traps will bedisarmed and removed by personnel trained in thisfunction. Chemically contaminated materiel will bedecontaminated by recovery troops before use. Cap-tured materiel which appears to be of new design,or to contain new materials, is turned over to theappropriate division supply service, which will inturn expedite its delivery to the next higher echelonfor technical analysis.

b. Recovery and evacuation. Supply officers ofregiment and battalion supervise recovery and sal-vage activities within their respective units. In gen-

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eral, a salvaged item is not evacuated any furtherto the rear than is absolutely necessary. Salvagedarticles are put into serviceable condition as soon aspossible and as close to the front as practicable. Re-pairs are made on the spot to the maximum extent.All means must be employed to recover vehicles andother materiel, both our own and those of the enemy,which are serviceable or can be made serviceablewithin the combat zone before the fluctuation ofbattle permits the enemy to recover or destroy them.Usable stocks of all types of supplies which are dis-covered must be safeguarded and higher authorityimmediately notified of the general type, amount,and location of such supplies. Unit commanders areresponsible that transportation returning from thefront is fully used for salvage. They must see thatno abandoned property is left behind. Arms andequipment accompanying the sick and wounded arecollected by the salvage authorities at medical es-tablishments. Salvage collecting points in locationsfavorable for transportation by empty vehicles mov-ing to the rear are designated in administrative or-ders.

33. REPAIR AND REPLACEMENT OF EQUIP-MENT. a. Light weight ordnance equipment. Whenthe tactical situation permits, small arms, automaticweapons, and other light weight ordnance equipmentrequiring repair or replacement, which cannot beeffected locally, are sent without delay through or-ganization and unit supply echelons on vehicleswhich are proceeding to the rear for ammunition.

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Exchange of ordnance equipment is usually effectedat the ordnance collecting point which is establishedin the vicinity of the army ammunition supply point,though it may be accomplished at more forward lo-cations. Repair is usually effected in the bivouac ofthe ordnance maintenance unit but may be accom-plished at more forward locations.

b. Other light weight equipment. Companiesusually send other light weight equipment requiringrepair or replacement to the train bivouac by kitchentrucks or other transport going to the rear. Articleswhich cannot be repaired locally by armorer-artifi-cers will be sent by the supply section of the servicecompany to the appropriate division supply service,where repair or replacement is effected.

c. Heavy and bulky equipment. The extent ofdamage, and location of heavy and bulky equipmentwhich it is impracticable to move, should be reportedthrough maintenance or supply channels so that itmay be repaired on the spot by personnel of theappropriate service, or replaced by a similar article.

34. DESTRUCTION OF VEHICLES AND OTHERMATERIEL. a. General. (1) When terrain is beingabandoned to the enemy and the evacuation of motorvehicles and other equipment is impossible, suchmateriel must be destroyed, whether in operatingcondition or not, in order to deny its use to theenemy. The destruction of materiel is a commanddecision to be implemented only on authority dele-gated by the division or higher commander.

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(2) When destruction is ordered, it must be ac-complished with complete disregard for possiblesalvage by our own forces. Some factors which af-fect the thoroughness and completeness of destruc-tion are:

(a) Personnel, materials, and equipment avail-able.

(b) Number of vehicles, or amount of other equip-ment, to be destroyed.

(c) Time available in which to effect destruction.

(d) Time at which destruction will take place.

(e) Presence of terrain features which may aiddestruction.

(f) Existence of vital information which mightbe disclosed to the enemy by failure to effect com-plete destruction of certain items.

(3) Destruction should be accomplished so far asthe tactical situation will permit, as systematicallyas any other military operation. Specific means ofdestruction should be provided, since last minuteimprovisations are likely to prove ineffective. Theworking principles to be followed are:

(a) Methods for the destruction of materiel sub-ject to capture or abandonment in the combat zonemust be adequate, uniform, and easily followed inthe field.

(b) Destruction must be as complete as the avail-able time, equipment, and personnel will permit. Ifthorough destruction of all parts cannot be com-

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pleted, the most important features of the materielshould be destroyed, and parts essential to the oper-ation or use of the materiel and which cannot beeasily duplicated should be ruined or removed. Thesame essential parts must be destroyed on all likeunits to prevent the enemy's constructing one com-plete unit from several damaged ones.

(4) To accomplish adequate and uniform destruc-tion of materiel, all echelons must-

(a) Prepare plans for the destruction of materielin the event of imminent capture. Such plans mustbe flexible as to the available time, equipment, andpersonnel. These plans should include several desig-nated procedures arranged in order of their effec-tiveness. The factors listed in (2) above will deter-mine which of these plans will be put into effect;the sequence outlined in the plan should be adheredto strictly.

(b) Be thoroughly trained in the use of all theprepared plans or methods of destruction. Thistraining will not involve the actual destruction ofmateriel.

b. Destruction of motor vehicles. (1) GENERAL.Any method of destruction resorted to must be suchas to prevent the enemy from putting the vehicleback in service with the means available to him inthe combat zone. Every advantage should be takenof any feature of the terrain that might lend itselfto vehicle destruction. Frequently a vehicle may becrashed into other vehicles, trees, walls, or banks,

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or may be run over cliffs. This done, more completedestruction may be effected by demolishing parts asdescribed above, and then setting fire to the wreck-age. It may be possible to drive, push, or tow a vehi-cle onto a trash, rubbish, or brush heap, or to placecombustible materials around the vehicle, and thento destroy it completely by fire. Destruction by firemay also be accomplished by placing the canvascover under the vehicle, draining gasoline and oilfrom all the units thereon, and then setting fire toit. In other situations, the vehicle may be pushedinto a body of water deep enough to submerge itcompletely.

(2) METHODS. The following methods of de-struction of motor vehicles are listed in the order ofeffectiveness:

(a) Method No. 1. Remove and empty portablefire extinguishers. Puncture the fuel tank. Placeone 2-pound TNT charge on top of clutch housingand one on left side of engine as low as possible. In-sert tetryl nonelectrical caps with at least 5 feet ofsafety fuze in each charge. Ignite the fuze and takecover. Elapsed time: 4 to 5 minutes if charges areprepared beforehand and carried in the vehicle.

Note: If charges are prepared before-hand and carried in the vehicle, keep thecaps and fuzes separated from the chargesuntil used.

(b) Method No. 2. Remove and empty the port-able fire extinguishers and puncture the fuel tank.Fire on the vehicle, using antitank or other artillery

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or antitank rockets or grenades. If a good fire isstarted, the vehicle may be considered destroyed.Elapsed time: about 5 minutes per vehicle.

(c) Method No. S. Remove and empty portablefire extinguishers and puncture the fuel tank.Smash all vital elements (such as distributor, car-buretor, radiator, engine block, air cleaners, gener-ator, control levers, crankcase, and transmission)with ax or pick (found in the pioneer set). Pourspare gasoline, oil, or distillate over the entire unitand ignite.

(3) METHODS OF DESTROYING PNEU-MATIC TIRES. (a) Method No. 1. Ignite an M14incendiary grenade under each tire. To insurebest results when this method is combined with de-struction of trucks by TNT, be certain that incendi-ary fires are well started before detonating theTNT.

(b) Method No. 2. Damage the tires with anax, pick, or heavy machine gun fire (deflate thembefore doing this, if possible). Pour spare gasolineon tires, dousing each one, and ignite. When used inconjunction with wheeled vehicle destruction the en-suing fire will adequately destroy the vehicle.

c. Destruction of other equipment. (1) GEN-ERAL. The same general principles as are coveredin preceding paragraphs for the destruction of aban-doned motor vehicles apply, with appropriate modi-fications, for the destruction of other items ofequipment. For detailed description of methods, seefield manuals of the 23-series, and technical manu-

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als for specific items of equipment. The exactmethods used will depend upon the means available.

(2) MACHINE GUNS, MORTARS, INDIVID-UAL WEAPONS, AND AMMUNITION. (a) Thefiring pin points of all small arms, except the re-volver, can be broken by inserting the points intothe holes in the face of the bolt and bending. Bar-rels of the M1, M1903, and M1917 rifles, the Brown-ing automatic rifles, and carbines, can be bent bygrasping the butt with both hands and swingingthe barrel against a tree, rock, or firm ground.

(b) The barrels of caliber .45 submachine gunsand of caliber .30 and caliber .50 machine guns can-not be easily bent under field conditions. Parts es-sential to the operation of the guns should be re-moved and destroyed. The same essential parts mustbe destroyed on all like units to prevent the enemy'sconstructing one complete unit from several dam-aged ones. Field strip machine guns; then, usingthe barrel as a sledge, destroy the cover, back plate,lock frame, and barrel extension. In the same man-ner, destroy machine gun mounts.

(c) Mortar tubes may be destroyed by using amortar round or incendiary grenades. If evacuationis possible, carry the sights; if evacuation is notpossible, thoroughly smash them.

(d) Ammunition may be destroyed by burning.Large caliber ammunition (37-mm or larger) canbe destroyed by sympathetic detonation, using TNT.

(e) Fire control equipment is difficult to replace.It should be the last equipment to be destroyed.

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Chapter 4

MEDICAL SERVICE AND

EVACUATION

35. GENERAL. a. The medical and casualty evacu-ation service within the infantry regiment is pro-vided by the regimental medical detachment. Fordetails of the organization of the detachment, andduties of its personnel, see chapter 7.

b. For military sanitation, see FM 21-10. For firstaid for soldiers, see FM 21-11. For medical serviceand evacuation within the infantry division andregiment, see FM 8-5, 8-10, and 100-10. For fieldsanitation, see FM 8-40. For records of sick andwounded, see FM 8-45. For splints, appliances, andbandages, see FM 8-50. For medical reference data,see FM 8-55.

36. MISSION. The mission of the medical detach-ment is to conserve the fighting strength of the regi-ment. This is accomplished by-

a. Preventive medical and sanitary measures and,appropriate medical, surgical, and dental treatment.

b. Evacuation of sick and wounded personnel'to-battalion or regimental aid stations by personnel of

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the detachment, where they are received, sorted, andgiven temporary care and such emergency treatmentas limited facilities will permit. Those cases requir-ing further treatment are evacuated to collectingstations by collecting units of the division medicalbattalion.

37. EVACUATION WITHIN THE REGIMENT. a.Casualties are given emergency treatment by com-pany aid men until litter bearers are able to removethem to the aid stations.

b. Casualties in units not organically a part ofbattalions are evacuated by the nearest aid stationor medical installation upon notification by the pla-toon leader or company commander concerned.

38. AID STATION. a. General. An aid station isan installation for the treatment of the sick and in-jured, established under combat conditions by a see-tion of the unit medical detachment. (See FM 8-10.)The headquarters section and each of the battalionsections are equipped to establish and operate an aidstation as follows:

(1) The regimental aid station ordinarily servesthe regimental headquarters and such elements inits vicinity as are not served by battalion aid sta-tions. (See also par. 60a(1) (d).) It is in the sameechelon of evacuation as battalion aid stations anddoes not normally form a link in the chain of evacu-ation from battalion aid stations. However, it may

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take over casualties of a battalion aid station that isforced to move before these casualties can be evacu-ated. It may be established in the area of the regi-mental reserve so that the section with the reservemay remain in readiness for movement. In somesituations, the regimental aid station is not estab-lished, and headquarters section personnel may beused elsewhere. This group serves as a source of re-placement and reinforcement for the battalion sec-tion.

(2) A battalion aid station is established by abattalion section to serve a battalion, including anysupporting personnel in the battalion area.

b. Considerations affecting selection of site. (1)Desirable features sought in selecting an aid stationsite (fig. 4) are-

(a) Protection from flat-trajectory fire.

(b) Convenience to troops being served.

(c) Concealment.

(d) Economy in litter carry.

(e) Proximity to natural lines of drift of walkingwounded.

(f) Accessibility to supporting medical troops.

(g) Facility of future movement of the stationto the front or rear.

(h) Proximity to water.

(i) Protection from the elements.

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DeFilode DeFilsde Road toLines of drift Concalment Collecting

Water Station

Figure 4. Aid station site; desirable features.

(2) Terrain features or military establishmentsthat invite enemy fire or air attack are avoided assites for aid stations. (See fig. 5.) Especially to beavoided are prominent landmarks; bridges; fords;important road intersections; heavy weapons, how-itzer, and artillery firing positions; and ammunitionand other supply points.

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DO NOr LOCATE AN AID STATION-

+ m

NEAR A PROMINENT LANDMARK NEAR A FORD

NEAR AN IMPORTANT ROAD JUNCTION NEAR A BRIDGE

NEAR AN AMMUNITION SUPPLY POINT WHERE IT IS EXPOSED TO DIRECT FIRE

RI.GT FLANK

· IsC- -

NEAR AN EXPOSED FLANK NEAR A BATTERY POSITION

Figure 5. Aid station site; features to be avoided.

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c. Functions. The functions of an aid station are-

(1) Receiving and recording casualties.

(2) Examining and sorting casualties and re-turning the fit to duty.

(3) Dressing or redressing the wounded (treat-ment limited to that necessary to save life or limband to prepare patients for evacuation for shortdistances), and administering narcotics, blood plas-ma, and prophylactic toxoids.

(4) Furnishing venereal prophylaxis.

(5) Furnishing prophylaxis and treating mensuffering from shock and exhaustion with hot foodand drinks.

(6) Providing temporary shelter for casualties,when practicable.

(7) Transferring evacuees from the aid stationto the supporting medical echelon (usually to am-bulances or litter bearers of a collecting company).

d. Procedure, arrangement, and equipment. Foraid station operating procedure, see paragraphs 41to 45 inclusive, and FM 8-10. For a type arrange-ment, see FM 8-10. For aid station equipment, seeTable of Equipment.

39. MEDICAL SERVICE DURING ROUTE MARCH.a. During marches, the regimental surgeon accom-panies regimental headquarters. The headquarterssection usually marches with that part of the regi-mental trains accompanying the combat units.

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b. Battalion medical sections accompany theirbattalions, the battalion surgeon with the battalioncommand group and company aid men with theirrespective companies. The medical assistant, MAC,the aid station squad, and the litter bearers marchin rear of the foot elements of their battalion. Medi-cal vehicles with the aid station equipment movewith vehicles of the motor column.

c. Motor ambulances from the ambulance platoonof the collecting company of the division medicalbattalion are attached to marching troops for thecollecting and evacuation of march casualties. Whenattached, the ambulances are under direct controlof the regimental surgeon. If but one ambulance iswith the regiment, it follows the headquarters sec-tion of the regimental medical detachment at therear of the column. If additional ambulances accom-pany the column, they may be placed at the rear ofbattalion medical sections. On development of theregiment, ambulances revert to division control.

d. Sick and disabled soldiers are ordinarily givenpermission by squad leaders to fall out of themarching column and report to the company officermarching in rear of the company. Company aid menrender such emergency treatment as is required.The company officer marching in rear of the com-pany may direct the soldier to report to the medicalassistant, MAC, at the next halt, or he may issue apermit authorizing him to drop out of the columnand await the arrival of the medical assistant, MAC.The medical assistant, MAC, marching with the

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medical section in rear of the foot elements of thebattalion, examines such individuals. He returnspermits to the company commanders concerned,showing thereon the disposition of soldiers exam-ined.

e. March collecting posts are established by thecollecting company of the division medical battalion,evacuation being by motor ambulance. When higherheadquarters announce that such posts are to beavailable for a particular march, the regimental sur-geon advises battalion surgeons, who utilize theseposts to relieve the unit of noneffectives.

f. Advance, flank, and rear guards are furnishedan appropriate detachment from the medical sectionof the battalion concerned when the security ele-ments are sufficiently large to warrant such action.This detachment may be augmented by additionalpersonnel, supplies, and transportation from themedical detachment headquarters section or fromthe division medical battalion.

40. MEDICAL SERVICE DURING APPROACHMARCH AND IN ASSEMBLY AREAS. a. Duringthe approach march, company aid men closely followtheir assigned companies. Litter bearers are de-ployed to cover the widening battalion front. Theremainder of the section marches along the axis ofadvance in extended order, hand-carrying aid sta-tion equipment, if necessary. The battalion surgeonremains with the battalion commander as long aspossible in order to keep himself informed of de-velopments in the situation. (See FM 7-20.)

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b. In the assembly area, company aid men arewith their assigned companies. If necessary, theyobtain additional supplies for their medical pouchesfrom the aid station. The aid station group, less thebattalion surgeon, remains in a state of readiness.The litter bearers are issued litters and additionaldressings. The battalion surgeon remains with thebattalion commander and staff until all details ofthe battalion order are completed and the order is-sued. He then returns to the site of his battalionstation and issues his order.

41. MEDICAL SERVICE DURING DEVELOP-MENT AND ATTACK. a. Initial dispositions. (1)Upon development of the regiment, the transpor-tation of each battalion medical section joins its re-spective section. If motor vehicles cannot continuemoving forward, the packs containing the essentialequipment are slung and carried to the aid stationsites. Detailed orders are issued to medical person-nel. The initial locations of the battalion aid stationsare designated in the battalion attack order. Forduties of personnel, see FM 7-20.

(2) As battalions move forward for combat, com-pany aid men and litter bearers follow designatedcompanies.

(3) Aid station personnel move to the initial aidstation location, but remain prepared to move for-ward unless developments require the immediate es-tablishment of the station at that site. Reconnais-

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sance for new aid stations starts as soon as the ad-vance of the attacking echelon has made suitablesites available.

b. Attack. (1) During the attack, company aidmen follow by bounds in rear of leading platoons,locate and tag the wounded, and administer emer-gency treatment. Walking wounded are directed tothe aid station. Locations of those unable to walk areindicated to litter bearers or are marked. Litterbearers search the area for wounded and carry non-walking wounded to the aid station. While the aidstation squad is advancing behind the attack, itspersonnel search the area for casualties. When thenumber of casualties justifies it, the aid stationis set up, but only necessary equipment is unpacked.When the aid station displaces, nonwalking woundedare left in groups to be picked up by collecting per-sonnel of the division medical battalion. If neces-sary, an attendant is left with the group.

(2) The headquarters section of the medical de-tachment is kept mobile as long as possible in thevicinity of the regimental command post. It main-tains contact with battalion aid stations and withthe division collecting stations. Casualties occurringnearby are given treatment by the headquarters sec-tion. Equipment is unpacked and a regimental aidstation set up when required.

(3) It is normal for regimental medical personnelto evacuate casualties to aid stations and for divisionmedical personnel to collect and evacuate casualties

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from aid stations. (See fig. 6.) Ambulances of thecollecting company work as far forward as practi-cable to shorten the litter haul by litter bearers of thecollecting company. Collecting company litter bearersmay be used to clear the field of casualties behindaid stations whenever aid stations must displace for-ward before they have time to clear the battlefieldof casualties. In emergencies, combat personnel maybe specifically detailed to assist in evacuation.

c. Pursuit. In pursuit, the medical personnel withthe direct pressure force functions as in the attack.The medical detachment with an encircling forcemoves by motor when the force moves by motor.When contact is gained, the procedure for an attackis followed.

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42-43

42. MEDICAL SERVICE DURING DEFENSE. Ina defensive situation, the medical service is usuallyorganized more completely than in an attack. Bat-talion aid stations are located farther to the rear toprevent overrunning of the site in a local reverse.Battalion aid stations are set up and are improvedprogressively during the period of occupancy. Theregimental aid station usually is established within300 yards of the regimental command post. Routesof evacuation providing cover for litter bearers areselected and marked. In stabilized situations, com-pany aid posts are established at places near com-pany command posts where the sick and injured mayreceive emergency treatment and from which litterbearers can evacuate serious cases to the battalionaid station.

43. MEDICAL SERVICE DURING RETROGRADEMOVEMENTS. During a withdrawal, a delayingaction, or a retreat, aid stations displace rearwardby bounds. Temporary aid stations are set up nearthe avenues of rearward movement. All availabletransportation is utilized to evacuate wounded andprevent their capture. The collecting company sup-porting the regiment may be called upon to furnishreinforcements consisting of litter bearers and/orambulances. When wounded must be abandoned, aportion of the medical detachment with the neces-sary supplies is left with them under the protectionof the Red Cross flag. The decision to abandon cas-ualties is a command decision.

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44. MEDICAL SERVICE OF TRAIN BIVOUACS.a. One company aid man is attached to the servicecompany. He renders emergency treatment in thetrain bivouac should the need arise. In addition,Tables of Equipment provide motor vehicles withmotor vehicle first-aid kits which contain all thenecessary supplies for first-aid procedures.

b. Evacuation will be furnished on call by thenearest medical installations; hence it is the respon-sibility of the service company commander to locatethe nearest medical installation and to establish thequickest means of communication. Medical installa-tions which may be in the vicinity of the trainbivouacs include the division clearing station, ar-tillery battalion aid stations, engineer battalion aidstations, or division collecting stations.

45. RELATION OF REGIMENTAL MEDICALSERVICE TO SUPPORTING MEDICAL ECHE-LON. a. Casualties are evacuated from battalionand regimental aid stations by the division medicalbattalion, which consists of a headquarters detach-ment and collecting and clearing units.

b. In combat, liaison agents from a collecting com-pany usually join battalion sections of the medicaldetachment when the battalions move into assemblyareas. After battalion aid stations are established,these liaison agents serve to guide litter bearers orambulances from collecting stations to the aid sta-tion. When the aid station displaces, the battalionsurgeon notifies the collecting station of the newaid station location by means of these liaison agents.

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c. Litter bearers or motor ambulances of the col-lecting company evacuate casualties from aid sta-tions to division collecting stations. These collectingstations are usually located between 1,200 and 3,000yards in rear of the front line. At the collecting sta-tion, casualties are again sorted.

d. Casualties requiring further evacuation aretransported by motor ambulance from the divisioncollecting stations to the division clearing station,some 4 to 7 miles in rear of the front line. In thisclearing station, sorting again occurs. Casualties re-quiring further evacuation from the division areaare turned over to a medical unit of a higher echelonfor movement to evacuation hospitals. Ordinarily anambulance unit of the army medical service rendersthis evacuation service.

46. MEDICAL SERVICE IN CAMP OR BIVOUAC.In camp or bivouac, the headquarters section of thedetachment, or the entire detachment functioningas a unit, may establish a dispensary which oper-ates for the entire regiment. In certain cases, separ-ate battalion dispensaries may be set up within eachbattalion area. The regimental commander, on re-commendation of the regimental surgeon, designatesthe methods to be used and the hour of sick call. Sickcall usually is held immediately after the camp orbivouac is established. Arrangements are made tohave men requiring evacuation removed from theregiment by divisional medical units. Prophylacticstations are set up and operated at each dispensary.

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Chapter 5

ADMINISTRATIVE PLANS AND

ORDERS

47. ADMINISTRATIVE PLANS. The regimentaladministrative (S-4) plan is prepared by the regi-mental supply officer. It is based on the orders ofhigher headquarters, the tactical plan of the regi-mental commander, and the terrain. (See FM 101-5.) This plan, when approved by the regimentalcommander, becomes the basis for the issuance oforders to subordinate units and to personnel in theregimental echelon of supply. It includes such of thefollowing matters as are applicable:

a. Rations and water (class I supply). (1) Thehour and place at which class I supplies are to bereceived by the regiment.

(2) The hour and place at which distribution tokitchens begins.

(3) The hour(s) and place(s) at which kitchenvehicles are to be released to subordinate units todeliver supper, breakfast, and cold lunch.

(4) The hour and place at which kitchen vehicleswill revert to regimental control after delivery ofsupper and after delivery of breakfast and coldlunch.

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(5) Location of water supply points (if any), andmethod of procurement and distribution of water.

b. Gasoline and oil (class III supply). (1) Locationof supply points.

(2) Time and place of issue to the regiment.

(3) Time, place, and method of distribution tovehicles of subordinate units.

c. Engineer supplies (class IV supply). (1) Loca-tion and hour that supply points will be ready tooperate.

(2) Time and place tools and fortification ma-terials will be made available to subordinate units;time and place of reversion of empty vehicles toregimental control.

d. Ammunition (class V supply). (1) The loca-tion of the ammunition supply point of the nexthigher unit and its hour of opening.

(2) The time and place of release of ammunitioncarrying vehicles to subordinate units and the timeand place they revert to regimental control.

(3) The issue of extra ammunition (unless deci-sion is left to battalion commanders or is covered instanding operating procedure).

(4) Location of regimental ammunition supplypoints.

(5) Route of advance of ammunition (in attackonly).

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(6) Amount and kinds of ammunition to bedumped on position (in defense only).

e. Evacuation. (1) PERSONNEL. Location ofregimental aid station.

(2) SALVAGE. Collection and disposition.

(3) CAPTURED MATERIEL. Collection anddisposition.

f. Traffic. (1) Traffic priorities prescribed byhigher headquarters.

(2) Restrictions (such as permissible daylighttraffic and use of lights at night).

(3) Traffic control by military police of higherheadquarters.

g. Trains and company transport. (1) Hour andplace of release to regimental control, if under con-trol of higher headquarters.

(2) Location of regimental train bivouac, anddetails pertaining to its defense.

(3) Location of company transport bivouacs, ifvehicles are withdrawn to regimental control, anddetails pertaining to their defense.

(4) Instructions regarding withdrawal of trans-port from forward areas.

h. Individual rolls. (1) Time and place of releaseto subordinate units, and designation of vehicles toeffect delivery.

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(2) Time and place to be assembled by subordin-ate units for collection by regiment.

NOTE: On the march and duringcombat, individual rolls may be trans-ported on kitchen and baggage trainvehicles when part of their organicloads have been dumped. When therolls are so, transported, they are de-livered to units during halts, if theduration of the halt and weather con-ditions warrant. During offensivecombat, rolls are usually sent forwardwith supper and collected after theserving of breakfast. In defensive situ-ations, troops in forward defensiveareas often keep their rolls with them.

48. ADMINISTRATIVE DETAILS IN FIELD OR-DERS. a. Any or all of the items of the approvedS-4 plan may be included in paragraph 4 of the regi-mental field order. Usually, however, it is limitedto such of the following items as are applicable:

(1) Location of regimental ammunition supplypoint.

(2) Route of advance of ammunition (in attackonly).

(3) Amount of amkmunition to be placed on posi-tion (in defense only).

(4) Location of regimental aid station.

(5) Distribution of fortification materials.

(6) Traffic restrictions.

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(7) Location of regimental train bivouac.(8) Location of bivouac(s) of company trans-

port, when under regimental control.b. Elements of the approved S-4 plan that pertain

to feeding and to particular units or individualsare usually transmitted orally or by message to thoseconcerned. Ordinarily, this is done after issuanceof the regimental field order. In rapidly movingsituations, orders relating to administrative mat-ters are issued in fragmentary form.

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Part Two

REGIMENTAL SERVICE COMPANY

AND MEDICAL DETACHMENT

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Chapter 6

REGIMENTAL SERVICE COMPANY

Section I.

ORGANIZATION OF THE

SERVICE COMPANY

49. COMPOSITION. The service company of the in-fantry regiment comprises a company headquarters,a regimental headquarters platoon, and a transport-ation platoon. (See fig. 7.) For details of organiza-tion, equipment, armament, and transport, see cur-rent Table of Organization and Equipment.

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50. COMPANY HEADQUARTERS. a. Composition.Company headquarters includes the regimental sup-ply officer, the assistant supply officer, the companycommander, and the personnel necessary to assistthe latter in the control and administration of thecompany. Company headquarters personnel are di-vided, according to their duties, into two groups--acommand group and an administration group.

b. Command group. (1) The command group iscomposed of the-

(a) Regimental supply officer, S-4.(b) Company commander.(c) Warrant officer, supply, administrative.(d) First sergeant.(e) Bugler and messenger (who also act as truck

drivers).(2) Principal duties of command group personnel

are:

(a) The regimental supply officer supervises theoperation of the regimental supply service and isresponsible to the regimental commander for itsproper functioning. (See par. 4.)

(b) In addition to his duties as company com-mander, the service company commander assists theregimental supply officer in effecting regimentalsupply. He is responsible for the discipline, admini-stration, and training of his company. The specialtraining of personnel performing duties under the

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supervision of officers not a part of the companyis a responsibility of the officers concerned. Duringmarches, the company commander commands theregimental motor column, which consists primarilyof regimental trains (less detachments) togetherwith any company transport under regimental con-trol. In combat, he is charged with the establish-ment, defense, and operation of the regimental trainbivouac, and controls all installations and personneltherein. This duty is performed under the super-vision of the regimental supply officer when thetrains are under regimental control, and under thesupervision of a designated representative of the di-vision commander when the regimental trains areunder division control.

(c) A warrant officer, supply, administrative,usually functions at the regimental command postand performs such duties as are assigned by theregimental supply officer.

(d) The first sergeant is in charge of enlistedpersonnel of the command group. He assists thecompany commander in the interior administrationof the company and in the control of its several ele-ments.

(e) The bugler and messenger are trained as ob-servers, truck drivers, and messengers. In combatone accompanies the company commander, the otheraccompanies the regimental S-4. They assist as di-rected in observation and control, and perform suchother duties as may be assigned.

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(3) The transport used by the command groupis assigned to company headquarters.

(4) During marches, the company commanderand the regimental motor transport officer move atthe head of the regimental motor column. Duringcombat, they establish and operate the headquartersof the regimental train bivouac. (See par. 52b(2).)

c. Administration group. (1) The company' ad-ministration group is composed of personnel whoseduties relate primarily to the company mess, supply,personnel administration, and motor vehicle main-tenance. It comprises:

(a) Mess sergeant, cooks, and cook's helper.(b) Supply sergeant, armorer-artificer, and car-

penter.(c) Company clerk.(d) Truck driver and mechanics.(e) Basic privates.(2) The mess sergeant is responsible to the com-

pany commander for the training of the cooks andcook's helper and for the operation of the companymess, which is usually established near other com-pany kitchens in the regimental train bivouac.

(3) The supply sergeant is responsible to thecompany commander for company supply, and ischarged with supervising the work performed by thearmorer-artificer and the carpenter. In combat, hemay be required to supervise the preparation ofshelter, facilities, and concealment measures in theregimental train bivouac.

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(4) The company clerk performs his duties withthe regimental personnel group.

(5) The truck driver and mechanics drive ve-hicles (other than those driven by the bugler andmessenger), which are assigned to company head-quarters and perform company maintenance on theorganic vehicles of the company.

(6) During marches, the company administra-tion group and the company kitchen and baggagevehicles march with components of the kitchen andbaggage train in the regimental motor column. Dur-ing combat, they usually bivouac and operate in thatpart of the regimental train bivouac assigned to thekitchen and baggage train.

51. REGIMENTAL HEADQUARTERS PLATOON.a. Composition. The regimental headquarters pla-

toon consists of a staff section and a supply section.

b. Staff section. (1) The staff section consists ofan operations group, an administration group, anda special service group.

(2) The operations group includes the orientationofficer, the assistant regimental adjutant (warrantofficer), the sergeant major, the operations ser-geant, a stenographer, and clerks. It provides theoperating personnel for the adjutant (S-1) and theplans and training officer (S-3) at the regimentalcommand post.

(a) The orientation officer, who is also a specialservice officer, is an assistant to the regimental S-3

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and, in addition, is concerned with the training con-ditions affecting morale, and with orientation andeducation within the unit.

(b) The assistant regimental adjutant and S-1, awarrant officer, assists the regimental S-1. The ser-geant major is S-1's principal enlisted assistant. Thesergeant major supervises the delivery of all incom-ing messages at the regimental command post. (SeeFM 7-25.) He and one or more clerks prepare theunit journal and other S-1 records under the adju-tant's supervision. For duties of S-1, see FM 7-40.

(c) The operations sergeant is the principal en-listed assistant to the regimental S-3. He and one ormore clerks perform their duties under the super-vision of S-3. For duties of S-3, see FM 7-40.

(3) The administration group consists of the mil-itary personnel officer, personnel sergeant, classifi-cation specialist, headquarters and record clerks,mail clerks, and chaplain's assistants. Except for theregimental supply service, this group performs allroutine administrative and personnel work for theregiment. The company clerks of all companies aregrouped under the supervision of the military per-sonnel officer. For duties of the military personnelofficer, see FM 7-40. The chaplain's assistants per-form the duties prescribed by the chaplains.

(4) The special service group, operating fromthe location prescribed by the regimental command-er, consists of the athletic and recreation officer,special service, who is assistant S-1, and his assist-

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ants. The normal duties of this group are supervis-ion of the athletic and recreational activities of theregiment. During combat, members of this groupperform such other duties as the regimental com-mander may direct.

(5) The regimental executive assigns the clerksand messenger(s) of the staff section to S-1, S-3,and the military personnel officer; these assign-ments are not fixed but are varied from time to timeto meet fluctuating conditions at regimental head-quarters.

c. Supply section. (1) The supply section is com-posed of personnel required to operate the regiment-al supply service in conjunction with the transport-ation platoon. The section is organized into three.groups:

(a) Supply office group.(b) Receiving and distributing group.(c) Munitions group.(2) During field operations, the supply office

group and the receiving and distributing groupusually, operate under the direct supervision of theservice company commander.

(3) The supply office group maintains the supplyrecords of the regiment; consolidates and preparesrequisitions, records and receipts; compiles reports;and performs such other duties as the regimentalsupply officer may require. During marches, itusually accompanies the command group of thetransportation platoon. In combat, it operates in theregimental train bivouac, except for such clerks as

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the regimental supply officer may place at the com-mand post. The group usually comprises a groupleader, headquarters clerk(s), stock clerk(s), andmessenger (s).

(4) The receiving and distributing group pro-cures all supplies, except ammunition and otherclass V items, from supply agencies of higher eche-lons, and sorts, apportions, and issues them to ele-ments of the regiment. It operates the regimentalsupply points for rations and water (class I); foritems authorized by Tables of Organization andEquipment (class II); for gasoline and oil (classIII); and on occasions for engineer supplies (classIV). (See pars. 18 and 54.) During marches, thisgroup usually accompanies the command group ofthe transportation platoon. Additional labor requiredfor handling supplies is furnished from any avail-able personnel in the train bivouac. The group usual-ly comprises a group leader, record clerk(s), andtruck driver(s).

(5) The munitions group consists of a munitionsofficer, munitions warrant officer, and an ammuni-tion sergeant. (See par. 4c.) In general, this groupis charged with the operation of the regimental am-munition supply plan, under the supervision of theregimental supply officer. (See par. 47d.) For de-tails pertaining to the functioning of this group,see section V, chapter 2. Transportation for thegroup is provided by the service company.

(6) For details of supply operations, see chapters2 and 5.

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52. TRANSPORTATION PLATOON. a. Composi-tion. (1) The transportation platoon consists of-

(a) Platoon command group (Platoon headquar-ters).

(b) Three battalion sections.(c) Headquarters company section.

(d) Antitank company section.

(e) Cannon company section.

(f) Maintenance section.(2) The personnel and vehicles of the transport-

ation platoon, together with the medical detachmentvehicles and their operating personnel, constitutethe regimental trains.

b. Command group. (1) The command groupcomprises the entire platoon headquarters, consist-ing of the following personnel:

(a) Platoon leader (regimental motor transportofficer).

(b) Second-in-command.

(c) Motor sergeant.

(d) Ammunition sergeant.

(e) Platoon truckmaster.

(f) Truck driver.(2) The regimental motor transport officer is

responsible to the service company commander forthe administration, inspection, and training of theplatoon; for the mechanical condition of its vehicles;

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and for the operation of its components while underregimental control (except such parts of the am-munition train as may be performing their supplymission under command of the munitions officer).In combat, the motor transport officer assists theservice company commander in the establishment,defense, and operation of the regimental train biv-ouac, and assumes control of the bivouac and its ele-ments when the company commander is absent orincapacitated. For detailed duties of unit motortransport officer, see FM 25-10.

(3) The second-in-command assists the motortransport officer in all of his various duties and per-forms such other tasks as the motor officer mayprescribe.

(4) The motor sergeant is the principal enlistedassistant of the regimental motor transport officer.

(5) The ammunition sergeant usually accompan-ies parts of the ammunition train that are underregimental control, and carries out the orders of themotor transport officer or the munitions officerrelative to their operation.

(6) The platoon truckmaster assists in control-ling the movement and operation of the regimentaltrains, usually accompanying parts of the kitchenand baggage train while they are under regimentalcontrol.

(7) The truck driver is responsible for the habi-tual camouflage, concealment, and driver mainten-ance of his vehicle.

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c. Battalion sections. (1) Each battalion sectionconsists of vehicles of the transportation platoonthat serve the battalion (h below) and the followingpersonnel:

(a) Section leader (battalion supply officer).(b) Section sergeant (battalion supply sergeant).(c) Truckmaster.(d) Truck drivers.(2) The section leader becomes battalion supply

officer during periods of tactical training and in op-erations when the battalion supply echelon is oper-ative. (See par. 3c(2).) When not acting as bat-talion supply officer, he is responsible to the platoonleader for the training and operation of his section.As battalion supply officer, he commands the am-munition and the kitchen and baggage componentsof the section (battalion trains) except while theyare under regimental control. When his duties re-quire his presence elsewhere, the command of thesevehicles may be delegated to the battalion motortransport officer or to an assistant of the battalionsupply officer. For his duties as battalion supplyofficer, see paragraph 5 and FM 7-20.

(3) The section sergeant is the principal enlistedassistant of the section leader. He becomes battalionsupply sergeant when the section leader performsthe duties of battalion supply officer; as such, heworks in the battalion area under supervision of thebattalion supply officer. He may be directed to ac-company parts of the battalion section of the trainswhen deemed advisable.

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(4) The truckmaster is responsible for the move-ment of vehicles entrusted to his charge. In periodsof tactical training and in operations he usually ac-companies the battalion kitchen and baggage train.When vehicles in his charge are under battalion con-trol, he is responsible to the battalion supply officerfor their movement; when they are under regimen-tal control, he is responsible to the regimental motortransport officer.

(5) Truck drivers are responsible for the habit-ual camouflage, concealment, and driver mainten-ance of their individual vehicles.

d. Headquarters company section. The headquar-ters company section comprises the truck driver andvehicle of the transportation platoon that serves theheadquarters company. (See c(5) above and h(3)below.)

e. Antitank company section. The antitank com-pany section comprises the truck driver and vehicleof the transportation platoon that serves the anti-tank company. (See c(5) above and h(3) below.)

f. Cannon company section. The cannon companysection comprises the truck driver and vehicle ofthe transportation platoon that serves the cannoncompany. (See c(5) above and h(3) below.)

g. Maintenance section. (1) The maintenance sec-tion consists of the following personnel and equip-ment:

(a) Warrant officer, motor transport.

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(b) Record clerk.

(c) Automobile mechanics (three of whom drivetrucks assigned to the section) and a welder.

(d) Trucks carrying tools and portable equip-ment for second echelon motor maintenance.

(2) For details of motor maintenance operationsand functions of this section, see paragraph 31; fordetailed duties of motor maintenance personnel, seeFM 25-10.

h. Regimental trains. (1) COMPOSITION. Theregimental train consists of the vehicles and oper-ating personnel of the transportation platoon of theservice company and the vehicles and operatingpersonnel of the regimental medical detachment.Regimental trains are classified by function as:

(a) Ammunition train.

(b) Kitchen and baggage train.

(c) Maintenance train.

(d) Medical train.

(2) AMMUNITION TRAIN. (a) The ammuni-tion train comprises the train vehicles and operatingpersonnel used to transport ammunition for all unitsof the regiment. The ammunition train is usuallydivided into three battalion sections.

(b) Ammunition train vehicles may be allottedto designated units or be pooled. (See par. 21.) Whileunder regimental control, they are commanded bythe munitions officer. (See par. 23b.)

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(3) KITCHEN AND BAGGAGE TRAIN. (a)The kitchen and baggage train comprises the ve-hicles and operating personnel used to transportrations, water, kitchen equipment, and authorizedimpedimenta not carried on company transport.Certain company mess and supply personnel usuallyaccompany the kitchen and baggage vehicles thatserve their respective companies. The kitchen andbaggage train includes one or more cargo trucksand cargo trailers for each company in the regiment.

(b) The vehicles of this train are grouped intosix sections, one each, for the three battalions,the antitank company, the cannon company, and theregimental headquarters company. The service com-pany kitchen and baggage vehicles are assigned tocompany headquarters, but usually operate as partof the train.

(c) The kitchen and baggage train generallymoves and bivouacs under regimental (sometimesdivisional) control under the command of the regi-mental motor transport officer. Elements are re-leased to subordinate units as necessary. (See pars.2, 8, and 9.)

(4) MAINTENANCE TRAIN. The maintenancetrain comprises the vehicles and operating personnelof the maintenance section, transportation platoonof the service company. For maintenance operations,see paragraph 31.

(5) MEDICAL TRAIN. The medical train trans-ports medical supplies and certain medical person-nel. For operation, see chapter 7.

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(6) DESIGNATION OF TRAINS. (a) Trainsmay be designated by unit as-

1. 1st Infantry trains, denoting that portion ofthe regimental transportation, includingpersonnel, operating under the immediateorders of the regimental commander pri-marily, for supply, evacuation, and main-tenance. ,

2. Trains, 1st Battalion, 1st Infantry, denotingammunition and kitchen and baggage ve-hicles and personnel of the transportationplatoon allotted to the 1st Battalion section,together with any attached medical vehiclesand operating personnel.

(b) Trains may also be designated by unit andfunction as-

1. Ammunition train, 1st Infantry.

2. Ammunition train, 1st Battalion, 1st Infan-try, denoting ammunition components ofthe 1st Battalion section.

3. Kitchen and baggage train, 1st Battalion, 1stInfantry, denoting kitchen and baggagecomponents of Ist Battalion section.

(7) SECURITY OF TRAINS IN MOVEMENT.(a) The close-in protection of trains in movementis provided by the officer in charge, usually underthe supervision of the supply officer of the unit con-trolling the movement. Plans should include adop-tion of that type of motor movement which offers

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the best protection from attack and still affords ade-quate control and maintenance of direction. Stand-ing operating procedure should be such as will insurethat the vehicles will get through to their destination,and should include a prohibition against halting thecolumn unless so ordered by competent authority.One or more guards should accompany each vehicleto man individual weapons and those mounted onvehicles. All guards should be on the alert to givewarning of impending air, ground, or chemicalattack.

(b) When the situation indicates that availablepersonnel is insufficient to provide adequate secur-ity, a specific request should be made for such re-inforcements (including transportation) as arenecessary.

i. Marches. (1) During a route march, the trans-portation platoon, less sections released to subordin-ate units, comprises a part of the regimental motorcolumn, which usually moves by bounds in rear ofthe foot elements of the main body. (See par. 24.)Vehicles of the ammunition train usually precedeother components of the platoon and travel in theorder in which they will probably be released.

(2) The maintenance section marches at the rearof the motor column, prepared to repair or tow un-serviceable reparable vehicles.

j. Combat. For conduct of the transportation pla-toon in combat, see chapters 2 and 3.

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53. TRAINING. The enlisted personnel of the serv-ice company are trained to-

a. Perform the basic duties of all infantry sol-diers, particularly in the use of the weapons withwhich they are armed and in the proper methods ofcaring for themselves in the field.

b. Perform their specific duties in the servicecompany. Basic privates are trained as replacements.

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Section II.

OPERATION OF THE SERVICECOMPANY

54. GENERAL FUNCTIONS. a. The service com-pany is primarily the regimental supply unit. (Seech. 2.) It performs the following general functions:

(1) Furnishes the following part of the enlistedpersonnel for regimental headquarters: a personnelgroup; the operations and training section; the sup-ply section; and assistants for the athletic and recre-ation officer and the chaplains.

(2) Receives and distributes all supplies.

(3) Performs second echelon motor maintenancewhich cannot be performed by the other companiesof the regiment.

(4) Furnishes supply transportation and person-nel for battalions and separate companies of theregiment.

b. Incident to a(2), (3), and (4) above, the ser-vice company establishes, operates, and controls incombat-

(1) Regimental supply points for-

(a) Rations and water (class I supply).

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(b) Gasoline and oil (class III supply).

(c) Engineer supplies (class IV supply).

(d) Ammunition (class V supply).

(2) The regimental train bivouac (area of regi-mental rear echelon elements), usually containing-

(a) Regimental supply officer's (S-4's) section,less personnel at the regimental command post.

(b) Service company headquarters (bivouacheadquarters).

(c) The transportation platoon, including the-

1. Command group (platoon headquarters).2. Maintenance section.3. Ammunition train (in defensive situations).4. Kitchen and baggage train (when under

regimental control).

(d) Mess and supply personnel and kitchens ofall companies when not required in forward area(usually operate in the bivouac of kitchen and bag-gage train).

(e) Regimental ration (class I) supply point(usually near kitchen locations).

(f) Regimental gasoline and oil (class III) sup-ply point.

55. PROCUREMENT AND DISTRIBUTION OFSUPPLIES. For the duties and activities of servicecompany personnel in this connection, see para-graphs 4, 5, and 51.

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56. MOTOR MAINTENANCE. For duties and ac-tivities of the company pertaining to motor main-tenance, see paragraph 31.

57. REGIMENTAL TRAIN BIVOUAC. a. General.(1) The regimental trains, less components releasedto battalion control, are bivouacked during combatunder control of the regimental or higher command-er, and under the direct command of the servicecompany commander, or under an officer, usuallythe motor transport officer, to whom the commandmay be temporarily delegated by the latter. Whennot being used for supply, evacuation, or mainte-nance, vehicles comprising the trains are concealedin the regimental train bivouac.

(2) The regimental train bivouac usually con-tains, in addition to trains, various administrativeinstallations and personnel. For interior arrange-ment of the train bivouac, see c below.

(3) The general location of the regimental trainbivouac is usually announced by higher headquar-ters; occasionally this location is based on recom-mendations of the regimental commander. Knowingthe general location of the regimental train bivouac,the regimental supply officer consults the servicecompany commander and frequently the regimentalmotor transport officer concerning the exact loca-tion which he recommends for approval by the regi-mental commander.

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(4) During rapidly moving situations, the regi-mental train bivouac may be merely a temporaryassembly area for trains and administrative person-nel.

(5) The size of the area required for the bivouacmay vary from approximately 1/4 square mile to 1or 2 square miles, depending primarily on the con-cealment afforded, the road net, and the featuresfavoring defense against air and mechanized attack.

(6) The regimental train bivouac and the instal-lations and personnel in the bivouac are commandedby the service company commander. (See par.50b (2) (b).)

b. Characteristics. The following characteristicsare sought in selecting an area for the regimentaltrain bivouac:

(1) Location beyond the mass of probable hostilelight artillery fires.

(2) Accessibility to roads leading to forwardtroop locations as well as to the rear.

(3) Concealment from hostile air and groundobservation.

(4) Sufficient size to permit dispersion of ve-hicles and activities.

(5) Suitable standing and turn arounds formotor vehicles.

(6) Features favoring defense against air andmechanized attack.

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(7) Location causing no interference with friend-ly troop movements.

(8) Location forward of any barrier that may be-come impassable for motor transportation.

(9) Water (and fuel, if wood ranges are in use).

(10) Buildings usable as shelter for supply andmaintenance activities.

c. Interior arrangement. The bivouac area is di-vided into subareas by the service company com-mander, usually with the assistance of the regimen-tal motor transport officer. (See fig. 8.) Divisioninto the following subareas is usually appropriate:

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BUT NOT OUE

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(1) Kitchen and baggage train bivouac, contain-ing-

(a) Components of kitchen and baggage train.

(b) Company kitchen locations.

(c) Mess and supply personnel of all companiesof the regiment.

(2) Ammunition train bivouac, containing allcomponents of the ammunition train when they arenot actually performing their supply mission or re-leased to subordinate units.

(3) Maintenance section area.

(4)Train bivouac headquarters area, usually con-taining-

(a) Service company headquarters.

(b) Regimental supply officer's (S-4's) section.

(c) Receiving and distributing group of supplysection; ration supply point (near kitchen loca-tions) ; and gasoline and oil supply point (accessibleto vehicles).

d. Signal communication. Rapid means of signalcommunicatidn are required between the regimPn-tal command post and the regimental train bivouac,and also between the regimental train bivouac anddivision headquarters. Radio (special purpose net),motor messengers, and wire communication (whenpracticable), are the means ordinarily used. Motorand dismounted messengers usually provide ade-

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quate communication within the bivouac; in de-fensive situations, wire communication may be es-tablished between subareas within the bivouac.

e. Security. (1) Security for the regimental trainbivouac is provided by means of an area defenseand a close-in defense. The division commander isresponsible for the area defense of the entire divi-sion rear area. Close-in defense is the responsibilityof the troops occupying the bivouac.

(2) The regimental commander is responsiblefor the security of all supply installations operatingunder his control. He usually charges the servicecompany commander, under the general supervi-sion of the regimental S-4, with the close-in defenseof the train bivouac. (See par. 50b(2) (b).) TheS-4, assisted by the service company commander,prepares the plan for such defense and integratesit with the plan for area defense established byhigher headquarters. Primarily, such plan will bebased on the troops and weapons available withinthe bivouac but when the need for additional secu-rity is indicated, S-4 specifically recommends to theregimental commander the types and number of re-inforcements required. Upon approval of the planby the regimental commander, the service companycommander is charged with the detailed execution.

(3) When the trains of a battalion are bivouackedat a distance from the other trains of the regiment,the battalion S-4 provides for their security in themanner described above for the regimental S-4 andservice company commander.

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(4) Administrative troops are trained in the useof individual weapons, as well as those weaponsmounted on vehicles of their units. They are alsotrained in the tactics and technique of small in-fantry units and impressed with the fact that theyare combat troops and must be able to function assuch. The personnel available to the service com-pany commander for protection of the train bivouacwill vary because of the absence from the area attimes of personnel on supply and service activities.The maximum strength will include the personnelof the service company (less the staff section ofregimental headquarters platoon) and the rear eche-lon of company headquarters of all companies of theregiment, plus drivers of company transport whosevehicles are in the bivouac area. Weapons includerifles, carbines, antitank and fragmentation gren-ades, antitank rocket launchers, and caliber .50machine guns.

(5) In preparing plans for the close-in defenseof the train bivouac, consideration should be givento both passive and active means and to the severalmethods for defense that may be adapted to fit theexisting circumstances. Some of the means andmethods to be considered and integrated into thedefense plan are:

(a) Concealment as some protection from alltypes of attack.

(b) Dispersion of vehicles, personnel, and instal-lations.

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(c) Natural obstacles as protection againstmechanized attack.

(d) Artificial obstacles, such as mines, demoli-tions, and other devices, to provide protectionagainst mechanized attack.

(e) Warning devices, such as trip flares andnoise-makers, designed to give warning of the ap-proach of an enemy.

(f) Warning system, including observation posts,listening posts, patrols, and alarm system, to givewarning of air, airborne, mechanized, or groundattack.

(g) Interior guard to maintain discipline, soundalarm in case of gas attack, and give warning ofenemy who have eliminated or eluded the outer ob-servation posts.

(h) Organization of available personnel andweapons into combat groups to facilitate control.

(i) Designation of assembly points where combatgroups may assemble upon warning of an attack.

(j) Foxholes for all personnel, sited for close-indefense of vehicles, close-in defense of installations,and for the perimeter defense.

(k) Individual defense can best be accomplishedfrom the foxhole each individual prepares near hiswork site.

(1) Vehicular defense is the duty of the driverand may frequently be conducted from a foxhole in

117

57

the vicinity of the vehicle. In any type of defensethe driver should be trained to defend his vehiclein this manner.

(m) Perimeter defense (fig. 8) is executed byhaving combat groups occupy previously selecteddefensive positions in the direction from which theattack threatens. Drivers remain near their vehiclesin order to defend them. The defensive positions areselected along the perimeter in order to provide all-around defense of the train bivouac and should bemutually supporting.

(6) (a) Daylight attacks of which advance warn-ing has been given can, in many instances, best berepulsed by using the perimeter defense referredto above.

(b) Night attacks and daylight surprise attackscan, in most instances, best be repulsed by using theindividual and vehicular defense referred to above.

(7) Standing operating procedure for the close-in defense of the train bivouac, which is within thecapabilities of the troops available at that installa-tion, should include those means and methods dis-cussed in (5) above which are applicable to mostsituations. Such standing operating procedure isthen the basis for the complete plan for close-indefense of the train bivouac in each particular situ-ation.

118

58-59

Chapter 7

ORGANIZATION OF THEREGIMENTAL

MEDICAL DETACHMENT

58. REFERENCES. For details of composition andequipment of the medical detachment, infantry regi-ment, see Table of Organization and Equipment.For medical service and evacuation within the regi-ment, see chapter 4.

59. GENERAL. The medical detachment of the in-fantry regiment consists of a headquarters section,and three identical battalion sections. (See fig. 9.)During combat, each battalion section normallyserves its designated battalion; however, with theapproval of the regimental commander, the regi-mental surgeon may reinforce any one section byassigning men from another section.

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60. HEADQUARTERS SECTION. The headquar-ters section is divided into a detachment headquar-ters, a regimental aid station squad, and a companyaid squad.

a. Detachment headquarters. The detachmentheadquarters includes the regimental surgeon, a non-commissioned officer who acts as first sergeant, anda record clerk.

(1) The senior medical officer present with theregiment commands the medical detachment and isregimental surgeon. He serves as a special staffofficer on the regimental commander's staff, andconfers with other members of the staff on tacticaland administrative matters.

(a) The regimental surgeon performs the fol-lowing duties:

1. Organizes the medical detachment and as-signs personnel to the several sections.

2. Conducts as much of the training of the de-tachment as is not given in conjunctionwith the training of combat elements ofthe regiment.

3. Supervises the instruction of the regimentin personal hygiene, field sanitation, firstaid, and malaria control.

4. Makes medical and sanitary inspections, andkeeps the regimental commander informedof the medical situation or status in theregiment.

121

60

5. Supervises the establishment and operationof the regimental dispensary, and theoperation of battalion dispensaries.

6. Is responsible for the supply of the detach-ment and requisition for necessary medicaland dental supplies and equipment. Forprocedure, see FM 8-10.

7. Keeps all records and renders all reportsthat are required.

8. Personally assists in the care and treatmentof casualties and performs such otherduties as the regimental commander mayrequire.

(b) During combat or when combat is imminent,the surgeon recommends the site for the regimentalaid station and the routes of evacuation. He makesa medical estimate of the situation and prepares themedical plan, which he submits to the regimentalcommander through S-4. When necessary, he asksfor additional personnel to serve as litter bearers.He makes arrangements with the division surgeonfor the evacuation of aid stations and keeps him in-formed of the tactical situation within the regiment.He checks on the status of medical supplies in allunits of the regiment and takes steps to insuretimely replenishment.

(c) During combat, the surgeon supervises thecollection and evacuation of wounded. He keepshimself informed of the tactical situation and takesmeasures to provide replacements or reinforce-ments of medical personnel and replenishment of

122

60

supplies. He secures assistance, when necessary andpracticable, from the division medical battalion. Hekeeps the division medical battalion informed ofthe tactical situation in the regiment.

(d) When an infantry battalion is to undertakea special mission, the surgeon can clear the bat-talion of wounded by having the regimental aidstation move to its vicinity, or by requesting priorityevacuation of its aid station.

(e) The surgeon also supervises the preparationof casualty lists and other required records. One copyof each casualty list is sent to the regimental com-mander and one to the division surgeon. For detailsof the functions of the regimental surgeon, see FM8-10.

(2) ACTING FIRST SERGEANT. The noncom-missioned officer who acts as first sergeant estab-lishes and operates the detachment command postunder the supervision of the regimental surgeon. Heassists the regimental surgeon in maintaining con-tact with the regimental command post and the bat-talion aid stations, performs the interior adminis-tration of the detachment, and is responsible for theoperation of the detachment message center.

(3) RECORD CLERK. The record clerk main-tains records of the sick and wounded, assists theacting first sergeant in the interior administrationof the detachment and operation of the commandpost and message center, drives a vehicle of the de-tachment headquarters, and is responsible for itsdriver maintenance.

123

60

b. Regimental aid station squad. The regimentalaid station squad includes the assistant regimentalsurgeon, the regimental dental surgeon, the assistantregimental dental surgeon, a medical sergeant (act-ing detachment supply sergeant), a podiatrist, asanitary technician, and dental, surgical, and medi-cal technicians, a truck driver, and basic privates.

(1) ASSISTANT REGIMENTAL SURGEON.The assistant regimental surgeon establishes andoperates the regimental aid station assisted by theregimental ;and assistant regimental dental sur-geons. He can be used by the regimental surgeon asa replacement for medical officers who become casu-alties in the battalion sections or to augment one ofthe battalion sections.

(2) REGIMENTAL DENTAL SURGEON. Theregimental dental surgeon assisted by the assistantregimental dental surgeon operates the dental serv-ice. Both dental officers are trained in first aid,emergency care and treatment of the sick andwounded, and operation of the aid station, and canbe used as replacements for medical officers of theregiment.

(3) MEDICAL SERGEANT. The medical ser-geant is in charge of the enlisted personnel of theregimental aid station squad. He also acts as thedetachment supply sergeant; as such, his duties in-clude the replenishment and distribution of detach-ment supplies. He procures and distributes medicalsupplies as directed by the regimental surgeon. (Seepar. 62b.) He keeps the regimental surgeon informedof the supply needs of the detachment.124

60

(4) PODIATRIST. The podiatrist is an enlistedspecialist chiefly concerned with the care of feet.Under direction of the regimental surgeon, he in-structs personnel of the regiment in hygiene of thefeet, and is especially trained in treating minor footailments.

(5) SANITARY TECHNICIAN. The sanitarytechnician is especially trained to assist the regi-mental surgeon in making routine sanitary inspec-tions in the regiment.

(6) DENTAL, SURGICAL, AND MEDICALTECHNICIANS. The dental, surgical, and medicaltechnicians perform technical tasks as indicated bytheir designations, drive and maintain the sectionvehicles, and perform such other duties as may bedirected.

c. Company aid squad. The company aid squad ofthe headquarters section furnishes company aid menfor attachment to the antitank company, cannoncompany, regimental headquarters and headquar-ters company, and service company. Company aidmen are equipped with pouches containing first-aidpackets, bandages, emergency medical tags, andother items for the administration of emergencytreatment. Their duties are to-

(1) Maintain contact with the company to whichthey are assigned.

(2) Forward information to their section sur-geons by litter bearers or walking wounded as to the

SIG. 5 125

60-61

location of units to which assigned, any contem-plated changes in location or disposition, and thelocation and number of casualties.

(3) Administer emergency treatment.

(4) Instruct sick and wounded as to the exactlocation of the aid station and the route thereto.

(5) Place seriously sick and wounded in shelteredlocations on the route of advance of the companywhich they serve.

(6) Examine, tag, and mark the location of thedead.

61. BATTALION MEDICAL SECTIONS. The threebattalion sections of the detachment are identicalin organization and functions. Each section isdivided into a battalion aid station squad, a com-pany aid squad, and a litter bearer squad.

a. Aid station squad. The aid station squad in-cludes the battalion surgeon and the medical as-sistant, MAC, a section sergeant, a medical corporal,and medical and surgical technicians.

(1) BATTALION SURGEON. The medical offi-cer in each battalion section is the battalion surgeon.He is assisted by a Medical Administrative Corpsofficer, the medical assistant, MAC. The battalionsurgeon's staff duties within the battalion corre-spond to those of the regimental surgeon within theregiment. His command duties are not so extensive.His duties in combat are to-

126

61

(a) Reconnoiter for possible aid station sites andprepare a medical plan based on the tactical planof the battalion.

(b) Dispose the battalion medical section in themost appropriate manner.

(c) Establish the aid station, supervise its opera-tion, and personally assist in the care and treatmentof casualties.

(d) Supervise the operation of the litter squad.

(e) Keep in contact with the battalion command-er and his future plans and project his own planto correspond.

(f) Keep the commander informed of the situ-ation with respect to sick and wounded and makeappropriate and timely recommendations.

(g) Send back information to the regimentalsurgeon and the division medical unit, and makeappropriate requests for support, additional sup-plies and equipment, or for evacuation of casualties.

(h) Perform such other duties as the battalioncommander may require.

(2) SECTION SERGEANT. The section sergeantis in charge of the enlisted personnel of the section,is the section supply sergeant, and assists in thecare of casualties.

(3) MEDICAL CORPORAL. The medical corpor-al has charge of the sterilization of instruments, ad-ministers hypodermic medication, and otherwise as-sists in the care and treatment of casualties.

127

61-62

(4) MEDICAL AND SURGICAL TECHNICI-ANS. The medical and surgical technicians performtasks relating to the care and treatment of casual-ties.

(5) OPERATION. The battalion aid station oper-ates and functions the same as the regimental aidstation. (See par. 60b.)

b. Company aid squad. The company aid squad ofeach battalion section furnishes three company aidmen for attachment to each rifle company (one perrifle platoon), and one to each platoon of the heavyweapons company. Their duties are similar to thoseof the company aid men in the headquarters section.(See par. 60c.)

c. Litter bearer squad. Litter bearers carry thewounded who are unable to walk to the battalionaid station, where aid station personnel administerfurther treatment. They usually operate in teamsof four men, since the work is very fatiguing. Thevehicles of the section are utilized to assist in thiswork in those areas comparatively free from aimedsmall-arms fire. They evacuate the wounded, notonly of their assigned battalion, but also of anyother units in the battalion zone or sector.

62. EQUIPMENT AND SUPPLY. a. The medicalequipment and supplies of the detachment arepacked in various standard chests in the headquar-ters section and in unit packs and a standard chestin each battalion section, and are carried in the de-tachment trucks and trailers. The vehicles are known

128

62-63

collectively as the regimental medical train. Thesesupplies. are adequate for the essential treatmentof the command for approximately one day of com-bat.

b. The regimental surgeon is responsible for themedical supply of the detachment. Routine medicalsupply is effected by requisition on the divisionmedical supply officer through the regimental sup-ply officer. During combat the regimental surgeonor battalion surgeons may make informal requeststo the division medical unit (collecting company) indirect support. This unit will send supplies forwardby litter bearers or ambulance. Items such as litters,blankets, and splints, which accompany evacuatedcasualties to the rear, are replaced automatically.When the ambulances or bearers from the divisionunit return to the regiment, they bring with themitems of equipment corresponding to the ones takenout on the previous trip. For details of medical sup-ply, see FM 8-10.

63. TRAINING. For details of training of the regi-mental medical detachment, see FM 8-10 and MTP8-101.

129

Appendix I

LIST OF REFERENCES

Rifle Company, Infantry Regiment ...................... FM 7-10

Heavy Weapons Company, Rifle Regiment .......... FM 7-15

Rifle Battalion ....................................... . FM 7-20

Headquarters Company, Intelligence and SignalCommunication, Rifle Regiment ........................ FM 7-25

Antitank Company, Infantry Regiment and Anti-tank Platoon, Infantry Battalion ........................ FM 7-35

Cannon Company, Infantry Regiment .................... FM 7-37

Rifle Regiment ................................ ........ FM 7-40

Mobile Units of the Medical Department ............ FM 8-5

Medical Service of Field Units .............................. FM 8-10

Field Sanitation ................................ ........ FM 8-40

Records of Morbidity and Mortality (Sick andWounded) ................................ ........ FM 8-45

Bandaging and Splinting ........................................ FM 8-50

Reference Data ........................ ................ FM 8-55

Military Sanitation and First Aid ........................ FM 21-10

Signal Communication ........................................ FM 24-5

Motor Transport ........................... ............. FM 25-10

Operations ........................... ............. FM 100-5

Administration ........................... ............. FM 100-10

130

Appendix I (Cont'd)

The Staff and Combat Orders ................................ FM 101-5

Organization, Technical and Logistical Data ........ FM 101-10

Organization and Training ...................................... MR 3-1

Medical Department Soldier's Handbook ............ TM 8-220

Motor Vehicle Inspections and Preventive Main-tenance Services ........................................ TM 9-2810

Motor Vehicles .....................................-...... AR 850-15

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13

Appendix IIIMOTOR MAINTENANCE-

ECHELONS OF MAINTENANCEMAINTENANCE BY OPERATING ORGANIZATIONS

First echelon Second echelon(driver) (company)

(1) Responsibility (1) Responsibility rests on-rests on- Unit commander.Unit commander.

(2) Performed by-(2) Performed by- (a) Companies and detachments with

Driver, operator, maintenance personnel authorized.or crew. 1. Fifty mile run-in test prior to or-

(a) Preventive ganizational use (or specified inmaintenance. appropriate TM). Technical ad-

(b) Servicing. vice to command echelon in su-(c) Lubrication. pervision of first echelon main-(d) Care of tenance.

tools, equipment, tires, 2. Lubrication.batteries.

(e) Emergency 3. Scheduled maintenance services,roadside repairs (see monthly, and as designated inFM 25-10, FM 17-5, TM 9-2810 and other appropriateappropriate TM for the TM's.vehicle). 4. Minor repair and minor unit re-

placement (see appropriate TM).5. Supply.6. Battlefield recovery.7. Overflow work from lower echelon.(b) Battalions, squadrons, regiments

and separate companies and detachments.1. Maintenance to include as a mini-

mum, the operaton in (a) above,not performed by the company.

2. Technical advice to command eche-lon in supervision of companymaintenance.

3. Scheduled maintenance services,semiannually and as designated inTM 9-2810 and other appropriateTM's.

4. Limited unit replacement.5. Battlefield recovery.

134

Appendix III- (Cont'd)MAINTENANCE BY TECHNICAL SERVICE MAINTENANCE

UNITS

Third echelon Fourth echelon Fifth echelon(medium) (heavy) (base shop)

(1) Responsibility (1) Responsibility (1) Responsibilityrests on- rests on- rests on-

Commander of Chief of techni-Commander of tactical or adminis- cal service or theater

tactical or administra- trative unit having or base commander.tive unit having juris- jurisdiction over thediction over the unit or unit or installation (2) Performed by-installation concerned. concerned. Base units.

(2) Performed by- (2) Performed by- (a) Overflowfrom lower echelons,

Light and medi- Heavy main- including vehicle re-umn maintenance units, tenance and field de- placement.including post and port pot units, including (b) Rebuild ofshops. designated post and major unit assemblies,

(a) Technical service command accessory unit assem-advice to command shops. blies and subassem-echelon in supervising (a) Technical blies.organizational main- advice to command (c) Vehicle as-tenance. echelon in super- sembly and parts rec-

(b) Overflow vision of organiza- lamation and salvage.work from lower ech- tional maintenance.'elons. Repair of ac- (b) Overflowcessory assemblies. from lower eche-See appropriate TM's. lons, including ve-

(c) Supply. hicle replacement.(d) Battlefield (c) Repair of

recovery (supporting units, assemblies andusing arms). subassemblies 'as

(e) Evacuation. designated in appro-priate TM's.

(d) Vehiclerebuild from ser-viceable assembliesand subassemblies.

(e) Vehicleassembly and sal-vage.

(I) Emer-gency fifth echelonrepair in units des-ignated by the WarDepartment.2

(g) Supply.(h) Battle-

field recovery (sup-porting using arms).

(i) Evacua-tion.

The chief of technical service concerned will give technical adviceand supervision to service command shops. Service command shopswill not perform fifth echelon (base shop) operations unless expresslyauthorized by the chief of service concerned.

'Dismantling of major unit assemblies will not be undertaken in thecontinental United States except by units designated by War Depart-ment.

135

INDEXParagraphs Pages

Administration ........................................ 1,3 1,3Administrative:

Orders .................................. ........ ............. 1, 2,4,7,48 1, 7,14, 86Plans .................................... .... 10, 47 21, 83

Advance guard:Ammunition supply during ...................... 24 44Medical service for .................................. 39 73

Aid station:Battalion ..................................... ... 38, 61 69, 126Composition . ............................ 38, 60, 61 69, 121, 126Displacement ........................................ 41,45 76, 81Functions .................................... .... 38 69Personnel ................. ....................... 60, 61 121, 126Procedure .................................. ...... 38, 41,45 69, 76, 81Regimental ........................................ 38, 60 69, 121Site, characteristics of .......................... 38 69

Ammunition: (See also Supply, class V.)Bearers .................................. ...... 21 38Destruction of ........................................ 34 62Records (reports) ................................ 22 39Sergeant, service company ...................... 52 99Supply. (See Supply, class V.)Train .................................. ...... 24, 52 44, 99

Ammunition and pioneer platoon .................... 5, 26 10, 45Antitank ammunition supply. (See Supply,

class V.)Approach march:

Ammunition supply during ........................ 25 44Medical service during .............................. 40 75

Arms. (See weapons.)Assembly area, medical service in ................ 40 75Athletic and recreation officer .................... 51 95Attached elements, supply of ........................ 3 3Attack:

Ammunition supply during ........................ 26 45Medical service during ............................ 41 76

Automobile mechanic ........................................ 31, 52 56, 99

137

INDEX (Continued)Paragraphs Pages

Basic principles of supply................................ 3 3Battalion:

Aid station. (See Aid station.)Ammunition and pioneer platoon ............ 5,13, 26 10, 31, 45Ammunition supply point .......................... 26 45Ammunition train ...................................... 26 45Motor transport officer ...................... 5,25,26,31 10, 44,45,

56Release point ........................................ 2,10 1,21Sections, medical detachment ................ 61 126Supply officer ................................ 5,10, 23, 25, 26, 52 10, 21, 40,

44,45, 99Supply sergeant ....................................... 26 45Surgeon ........................................ 39-41, 61 73,126Surgeon, assistant .................................... 39, 61 73, 126

Cannon company, ammunition supply. (SeeSupply, class V.)

Captured supplies .......................................... 21, 32 38, 60Casualty lists ............................. ........... 60 121Chemicals. (See Supply, class V.)Chlorination of water .................................... 11 26Class I supply. (See Supply, class I.)Class II supply. (See Supply, class II.)Class III supply. (See Supply, class III.)Class IV supply. (See Supply, class IV.)Class V supply. (See Supply, class V.)Clearing station ........................................ 2, 36, 45 1,68, 81Clothing. (See Supply, class II.)Collecting:

Company .................................. ...... 39,45 73, 81Station ...................... ................. . 2, 36, 45 1,68, 81

Company:Aid men ........................................ 39-41,44, 60, 61 73, 81,

121,126Ammunition supply. (See Supply,

class V.)Commander, supply duties of ................4, 6,10, 26, 31 7, 13, 21,

45,56Mess location ........................................ 10 21

138

INDEX (Continued)Paragraphs Pages

Daily strength report ...................................... 8 17Data, logistical ........................................ 1 1Defense:

Ammunition supply during ........................ 28 52Medical service during .............................. 42 80Of train bivouac ..................................... 57 110

Delaying action, medical service during ......... 43 80Dental surgeon ........................................ 60 121Destruction of vehicles and other materiel 34 62Development, medical service during............. 41 76Dispensary (see also Regimental dispen-

sary; Battalion dispensary) .................. 4 e 7Division:

Clearing station ........................................ 2, 45 1, 81Collecting station ...................-............. 2, 36,45 1, 68, 81Engineer supply point .............................. 13, 19 31, 36G-4 ........................................ 4, 12 7, 30Medical:

Battalion ........................................ 39, 45 73, 81Supply point ....................................... 14 31

Ordnance office ........................................ 22 39Signal supply point .................................... 20 37Water supply point ............................... 11 26

Duties of:Battalion:

Motor transport officer .............. 5,25,26:31 10, 44,45, 56

Supply officer ...................... 5, 10,23, 25,26, 52 10, 21, 40,44, 45, 99

Surgeon ........................................ 39-41, 61 73, 126Company commanders ............................ 4, 6, 10,26, 31 7, 13, 21,

45, 56Leader of ammunition and pioneer

platoon ............................................... 5, 13,26 10, 31, 45Munitions officer .........................-........... 4,23 7, 40Regimental:

Motor transport officer .............. 4, 31,52 7, 56, 99Munitions officer ............................ 4, 23,24, 51 7, 40,

44, 95

139

INDEX (Continued)Paragraphs Pages

Supply officer .......................... 3,4,10, 19, 48, 50 3, q7, 21,36, 86,92

Surgeon ........................................ 39, 46, 60 73, 82, 121Service company commander ...... 4,10,11,12,19,20 7, 21, 26,

30,36,37Echelons:

Of motor maintenance .............................. 31, app. III 56,134Of supply .................................. ...... 3 3

Engineer:Fortification material. (See Supply,

class IV.)Intrenching equipment. (See Supply,

class II.)Water supply. (See Supply, class I.)

Evacuation:Of personnel ........................................ 37,46 69,81Of materiel ....................................... 32 60

Exploitation and battlefield recovery ........ 32 60Extra ammunition ........................................ 24, 26 44, 45

Fifth echelon maintenance ............................ 31 56First echelon maintenance ............................ 31 56Flank guards, medical service for ................ 39 73Food. (See Supply, class I.)Fortification material. (See Supply, class

IV.)Fourth echelon maintenance ........................ 31 56Fuel. (See Supply, class III.)

Gas masks. (See Supply, class II.)Gasoline. (See Supply, class III.)Grease. (See Supply, class III.)

Impetus of supply ....................................... 3 3Individual rolls ........................................ 47 83Inspection of motor vehicles ........................ 31 56Intrenching equipment. (See Supply, class

II.)

140

INDEX (Continued)Paragraphs Pages

Kitchen and baggage train .............................. 52 99

Landing operations, ammunition supply.... 30 55Logistical data ................ .................. 1 1

Maintenance:During marches and combat .................... 31 56Echelons of ........................................ 31, app. III 56, 134Installations .................................... 31, 52 56Motor .................................. ...... 31, app. III 56, 134Of equipment ........................................ 31,32 56,60Section, transportation platoon ............. 52 99Train .................................. ...... 52 99Warrant officer . .................................. 52 99

Mechanic, automobile ............... ................ 31,162 56, 99Medical:

Aid station. (See Aid station.)Battalion ........................................ 45 81Detachment, organization of .................. 58-63 119Equipment ........................................ 62 128Evacuation ............................................... 37, 45 69, 81Mission .............. .................. . 36 68Personnel, duties of .............................. 60 121Service in:

Attack ................. ............................. 41 76Approach march and assembly

areas ........................................ 40 75Bivouac .............................................. .6 82Camp .............................. .......... 46 82Defense ........................................ 42 80Development .................................... 41 76Pursuit . ................................... 41 76Rear guards ................................ 39 73Retrograde movements .................. 43 80Route march ............................... 39 73Train bivouac ................... ........ 44 81

Supply ........................................ ........... 14, 62 31,128Supporting medical echelon .................... 45 81Train. (See Train.)

141

INDEX (Continued)Paragraphs Pages

Military personnel officer ............................ 51 95Motor:

Maintenance .............................................. 31, app. III 56,134Marches ................................................ 31 56Transport officer. (See Regimental

or battalion motor transportofficer.)

Vehicle:Destruction ........................................ 34 62Inspection ........................................ 31 56Repair. (See Motor maintenance.)Supply. (See Supply, class II.)

Munitions: (See also Supply, class V.)Group ........................................ 23 40Officer, regimental ................................ 4, 23, 24, 51 7, 40,

44,95Warrant officer ...................................... 51 95

Oil. (See Supply, class III.)Organization of:

Medical detachment .................................. 54-62 108Service company ...................................... 49-53 90

Orientation officer ........................................ 51 95

Prescribed supplies ........................................ 2, 3 1, 3Procurement of supplies (see also Supply) 3 3Pursuit, medical service in ............................ 41 76Pyrotechnics. (See Supply, class V.)

Radios. (See Supply, class I.)Rapidly moving situations, ammunition

supply ...................................................... 27 52Ration(s). (See Supply, class I.)Rear guards, medical service for .................. 39 73References ...................................... 1, 25, app. I 1, 44,130Regimental:

Aid station. (See Aid station.)Distributing point. (See Supply.)Medical detachment. (See Medical

detachment.)142

INDEX (Continued)Paragraphs Pages

Motor transport officer ........................ 4,31, 52 7, 56, 99Munitions officer ...................................... 4, 23, 24,51 7, 40,

44, 95Supply officer .................................. 3, 4, 10, 19, 48, 50 3, 7, 21,

36, 86,92Surgeon ............................. ........... 39, 46, 60 73, 82, 121Train bivouac ........................................ 10,52, 54,57 21,99,

108,110Release point ........................... ............ . 2,10, 33 1, 21, 61Repair and replacement of equipment ............ 33 61Requirements ............................ ............ 2 1Requisitions ..................... ................. .. 3, 12, 14, 18 3, 30,

31, 36Retrograde movements:

Ammunition supply .................................... 29 54Medical service during .............................. 43 80

Rolls, individual .................................................. 47 83Route march:

Ammunition supply ................................. 24 44Medical service ........................................ 39 73

Route of ammunition advance ........................ 23 40

S-4. (See Regimental supply officer.)Salvage ................................................................ 32 60Sanitation .......................................................... 60 121Second echelon motor maintenance .............. 31 56Security:

Of supplies ..................... ................... 3,23 3, 40Of installations ........................................ 23,52, 57 40, 99,110

Service company:Commander .............. .................... 4,10,11,12,19, 20 7, 21, 26,

30, 36, 37Company headquarters ............................ 50 92Composition of .......................................... 49 90Duties of personnel ................................ 50-53 92Operation ..... .................... .............. 54-57 108Regimental headquarters platoon ........ 51 95Training ................. 5................. 53 107Transportation platoon .......................... 52 99

143

INDEX (Continued)Paragraphs Pages

Sick call .............................................................. 46 82Signal supplies. (See Supply, class IV.)Special services officer ................................ 51 95Sterilizing of water ........................................ 11 26Strength report ......................................... 8 1.7Supply:

Administrative plans and orders..1, 2, 4,7,10,47, 48 1,7,14,21, 83, 86

Ammunition. (See Supply, class V.)Attached elements .................................. 3 3Attack, in ........................................ 26 45Chemicals. (See Supply, class V.)Class I (rations, water, etc.):

Definition ........................................ 7 14Distribution ...................................... 9, 10 19, 21Plan ...................................... .. 10, 47 21, 52Procurement of rations ................ 8 17Ration:

Break-down ................................ 8, 9, app. II 17, 19, 132Cycle ........................................ 8 17Definition .................................... 7 14Garrison .................................... 7 14Plan ........................................ 10, 47 21, 52Preparation ................................ 10 21Procurement of ....................... 8 17Reserve .................................... 7, 10 14, 21Savings ........................................ 7 14

Supply point ........................................ 9 19Water .................................. ...... 11 26

Class II (clothing, arms, medical sup-plies, equipment, etc.) .......................... 12-14 30

Class III (gasoline, grease, and oil) .... 15-17,47 33, 83Class IV (engineer fortification ma-

terial, and signal supplies.) ................ 18-20, 47 36, 83Class V (ammunition, pyrotechnics,

antitank mines, chemicals, etc.):Advance march .................................. 25 44

144

INDEX (Continued)Paragraphs Pages

Ammunition:Plan ........................................ 21, 47 38, 83Supply point ............................. 21, 23, 26, 47 38, 40,

45, 83Trains ........................................ 24, 52 44, 99

Antitank company ............................ 26, 28 45, 52Approach march ................................ 25 44Army ammunition supply point ........ 22 39Attack ........................... ............. 26 45Battalion ammunition supply point 26 45Cannon company ................................ 26, 28 45, 52Defense ........................................ 28 52Extra ammunition ............................ 24,26 44, 45Landing operations .......................... 30 55Procurement of ................................ 22, 23 39, 40Rapidly moving situations ................ 27 52Regimental ammunition supply point 26 45Retrograde movements .................... 29 54Route of ammunition advance ........ 23 40Route march ................................... 24 44

Clothing. (See Supply, class II.)Echelons of supply ................................... 3 3Gas mask. (See Supply, class II.)Gasoline. (See Supply, class III.)Medical supplies ........................................ 14, 62 31Mission ........................................ 3 3Motor vehicles. (See Supply, class II.)Officer. (See Regimental or battalion

supply officer).Point ........................................ 3,9, 21, 23, 26, 47, 50 3, 19, 38,

40, 45, 83,92

Plans .................... .................... 10, 47 21, 83Principles of ........................................ 3 3Procedure . . ..................................... 3 3Requirements ........................................ 2 1Requisition ........................................ 3,12, 14 3, 30, 31Salvage .............................. .......... 32 60

145

INDEX (Continued)Paragraphs Pages

Security of supplies ............................. 3,23 3, 40Surgeon:

Battalion ........... ............................ . 39-41, 61 73, 126Dental ............................... ......... 60 121Regimental ............................................. 39, 46, 60 73, 82, 121

Third echelon maintenance .............................. 31 56Traffic control ........................................ 47 83Train(s) .................................. ...... 24, 52, 60 44, 99,121Train bivouac .................................................... 10,52, 54, 57 21,99,

108,110Medical service of ...................................... 44 81

Transportation platoon, service company .... 52 99Training:

Medical detachment .................................. 63 129Service company ........................................ 53 107

Unit mile ........................................ 17 35

Vehicles. (See motor vehicles.)

Warning system ............................................... 52,57 99,110Water. (See Supply, class I.)Weapons:

Destruction ........................................ 34 62Supply. (See Supply, class II.)

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