Supervised by: Prof. Mohamed Fahim

Eng. Yusuf Ismail

Done by : Mutlaq Al_Shammari

- Distillation column design.

- Storage tanks design.

- Air cooler design.

Introduction :Distillation column is used to separate componentsaccording to their boilingpoint temperature.

Objective :To produce high purity ofethyl benzene anddistillate product.

Assumptions:

For c-203- Sieve plate.- Material of the distillation is carbon steel- Column Efficiency =77.7%.- Tray spacing = 0.64.- Flooding Percentage=85% .- Down Comer Area=12% .- Hole area( 0.1 of Active area) . - Weir height ( 50mm) .- Hole diameter (5mm).- Plate Thickness (5mm).- Turn down Percentage (70%)

- Specify the properties of outlets streams for both vapor and liquid from HYSYS.

- Calculating actual no. of stages:

- Actual Number of stage = Nm/ efficiency

Where,Nm : no of theoretical stages Efficiency = 77.7%

- Column diameter:

DMAXTakeD

AreaD

Downcomeru

RateFlowVolumetricArea

MwtmoleFlowRateFlowVolumetric

uFloodingu

Ku

KKCorrection

FSpacingPlatefKKFind

V

LF

bottomTopiV

Lget

c

i

i

f

ii

iv

iii

ff

iv

vLf

i

LV

iL

v

iLV

i

i

MAXii

iMAXi

ii

i

i

4

%

__

__

%

20

,;

,;

1

2.0

11

11

- Liquid flow pattern:

liquid

MAX

MwtMoleflowFlowVolumertic

- Provisional plate design:

Where lw , the weir length

wc

w

c

d

ah

dca

dcn

cd

cc

lFindD

ladA

AFigad

holeAholeAreaA

AAActiveAreaA

AANetAreaA

DowmComerAreaDownComerAA

DA

Re31.11.Re

%

2

%

25.0 2

-Checking Weeping:

Where; how is the weir crest liquid in (mm). uh is the liquid velocity in (m/s). uvapor is the vapor velocity in (m/s)

h

VAPORvapor

v

hh

wowMIN

wL

MINowMIN

wL

MAXMAXow

MAXMIN

MAX

h

w

A

FlowVolumetricTurnDownu

DKu

KadFig

hhFIND

l

LiquidRateh

l

LiquidRateh

LiquidRateTurndownLiquidRate

MoleFlowMwtLiquidRate

nessPlateThich

rHoleDiamteD

hWeirHeight

ASSUME

%

4.259.0

Re30.11.

750

750

%

:

:

2

2

- Residence time:

- Entrainment:

wd

Lbcdr L

hAt

29.11.

%

FigFfFind

u

uFlooding

A

flowRateVolumetricu

LV

fMAX

v

nv

- Number of holes:

where,Ah: the total area of the

holesDh: the hole diameter

oleAreaOfOneH

A

DoleAreaOfOneH

hholes

h

#

25.0 2

- Thickness calculation:

where, - D is the column diameter in m- rj is internal radius in (in). - P is the operating pressure in psi - S is the working stress (psi). - E is the joint efficiency- Cc is the allowance for corrosion (in). - T is thickness of the column in (in).

cj

j

j

CPSE

t

Dr

6.0

Pr2

- Cost estimation:

where,

H: column height

V: volume of the column

M: mass of the column

inout

outout

out

inin

in

MMweight

VM

HAV

tDA

VM

HDV

DctraysSpacingTrayH

2

2

*2

#_

Introduction: Tanks are basically was made to hold, transport or store fluid and solid.

Volume of the liquid= Total mass flow rate in* time hold-up Time hold-up: the time where the liquid is hold inside the tank  Volume of cylinder = π R2 H … (1) Get the volume of the liquid (assume H=0.2D) To determine vapor pressure Antoine equation is used: Log10 P* = A- (B/C+T) … (2) T: the temperature in ˚C The values of A, B, and C is taken from table Antoine equation

constant At this vapor pressure the top space in the tank can be determined. the total volume=volume of liquid/0.12 … (3) Diameter3 = (5*total volume)/П Height = 0.2diameter Area of the tank = total volume/ height … (4) Thickness t = (P r i / S E - 0.6P) + Cc …(5)

What is air cooler?

Air coolers are devices to reject heat from a process fluid directly to ambient air.

1-calculate the heat duty : Q= m Cp ΔTWhere, Q: heat dutym: mass flow rateCp: heat capacityΔT : Temperature difference

2 -CALCULATE OVERALL HEAT TRANSFER COEFFICIENT

3-CALCULATE MEAN TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCE

ch

ch

c

h

TT

TTMTD

tTT

tTT

/ln

12

21

1

2112 2

0009.0 tTT

Utt

4-Calculate correction on mean temperature difference 

5- Calculate Area Δ Tm=lMTD*FtQ=UAΔTm A=Q/(UΔTm)

12

21

11

12

tt

TTR

tT

ttS

7- # tube Nt=A/A assume

8-Calculate horse power requirement HP=mcp ΔT*1.349- Cost (from matche.com)

Equipment NameDistillation c-203

ObjectiveTo separate EB from PEB& hevies

Equipment Numberc-203

DesignerMutlaq Al_Shammari

TypeTray column

LocationEB production

Material of Constructioncarbon steel

InsulationMineral wool

Cost ($)1300000

Column Flow Rates

Feed (kgmole/hr)682.3Recycle (kgmole/hr)----

Distillate (kgmole/hr)623.2Bottoms(kgmole/hr)59.13

Dimensions

Diameter (m)5.668Height (m)45.717

Number of Trays63Reflux Ratio4.81

Tray Spacing0.6357Type of traySieve tray

Number of Holes97683Number of Caps/Holes

-------

Cost

Vessel605000$Trays69300$

Condenser Unit303600$Reboiler277100 $

Storage no.Flow rate(m3/hr)time hold(hr)volume of liquid(m3)

T_1511536.50.547840.4655

T_201 A&B83.6552.72227.5416

Storage no.Total Volume(m3)D^3ActD(tank)m

ActD(tank)m

Area(m2)

T_1517003.87916711152.6738322.34222054.4684441011567.4089cost=265500

T_201 A&B1896.183019.39490414.453509292.890701858655.95834cost=109200

Storage no.P(kpa)ri(m)E(m)S(kpa)Cc(m)t(m)

T_151130811.171110250.85945000.0031750.186878

T_201 A&B41.347.2267546450.85945000.0031750.006895

Storage no.p*(atm)p(mmhg)ABCT©

T_1513077.6831152339039.1686.892721203.531219.888200

T_201 A&B2546.7784231935551.6026.95651423.543213.091105.1

Equipment NameHeat exchanger

ObjectiveDecrease Temperature of vent gas

Equipment NumberE-106

DesignerMutlaq Al Shammari

TypeAir cooler

LocationAfter k_101

Material of ConstructionCarbon steel

Cost ($) 14600$

Operating ConditionAir Side

Inlet temperature (oC)30Outlet temperature (oC)

33

Tube SideInlet temperature (oC)422.4Outlet temperature

(oC)390

Number of Tube Rows-Number of Tubes13.62Tube bundle Diameter (m)-Shell Diameter (m)-

Q total (KJ/s)225.9199188

LMTD (oC)374.5

U (W/m2 C)88.6Heat Exchanger Area (ft2)73.3

Equipment NameHeat exchanger

ObjectiveDecrease Temperature of vent gas

Equipment NumberE-112

DesignerMutlaq Al Shammari

TypeAir cooler

LocationAfter vlv_103

Material of ConstructionCarbon steel

Cost ($) 14400$

Operating ConditionAir Side

Inlet temperature (oC)30Outlet temperature (oC)

38.5

Tube SideInlet temperature (oC)

389.4Outlet temperature (oC)

300

Number of Tube Rows-Number of Tubes13.04Tube bundle Diameter (m)-Shell Diameter (m)-

Q total (KJ/s)604.2898683

LMTD (oC)308.69

U (W/m2 C)300.1Heat Exchanger Area (ft2)70.18

Thank you for listening