SUN Country Profiles · 2019. 9. 22. · 2 vement nnual Proress eport 83 Chapter 4: The way forward...

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This chapter provides an overview of progress toward achieving the SUN Movement’s strategicobjectives in 59 SUN Countries in 2016-2017. In 2017, a record-breaking 52 countries undertook the Joint-Assessment Exercise. They did this with the participation of the different constituencies reflected within their national SUN Movement platforms. These include participants from sectoral ministries and parts of government, as well as representatives of donor agencies, civil society organisations, UN agencies and businesses.

As part of this Joint-Assessment Exercise, stakeholders in countries were asked to score themselves individually and collectively against four processes which form the structure of the country profiles that follow in the coming pages. The SUN Movement Joint-Assessment Exercise is voluntary and provides an opportunity for stakeholders to reflect on progress in the past year and ensure efforts to defeat malnutrition are well-aligned and effective. It is anticipated that the Joint-Assessment process will help stakeholders to own and benefit from the monitoring of progress and to be mutually accountable for their collective actions.

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Guide to the Country ProfilesThe Country Profiles in this report aim to provide a snapshot of progress in SUN Countries and consist of five main elements depending on the information available for each country.

1. The nutrition situation: An overview of the country’s current nutrition status in relation to the 2025 World Health Assembly targets for maternal, infant, and young child nutrition and the relevant targets for preventing and controlling non-communicable diseases.

2. Institutional transformations: A bar graph depiction of the percentage score agreed by in-country stakeholders on how they are progressing toward the SUN processes from each year that they have completed a Joint-Assessment exercise. The bar charts are accompanied by text describing progress in relation to each process.

3. Priorities for 2017-2018: A snapshot of the country priorities for the coming year as agreed by stakeholders during the countries Joint-Assessment exercise. For countries that did not complete a Joint-Assessment exercise, their profile depicts the nutrition situation and the scores from previous years where they have submitted the results of previous exercises. However, there is no narrative under each process or priorities for 2016-17 if content has not been submitted to the SUN Movement Secretariat.

For detailed information on the SUN Movement Monitoring Framework and analysis of the 2016 Joint-Assessment Exercise, please refer to Annex 2. All SUN Country Joint-Assessment Exercises can be found in full at> www.scalingupnutrition.org.

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Financing tracking and resource mobilisationThe NPAN2 has been costed, in light of priority interventions. Multi-year funding is accessible, as per the National Plan of Action for Nutrition. Domestic contri-butions towards nutrition have been increasing, tracked by the National Food Policy Plan of Action (NFP-PoA), the CIP monitoring report, and the budget

analysis exercise with the SUN Movement. The Government has included nutrition in its seventh Five Year Plan which facilitates long term planning. Under the mid-term budgetary framework, the Ministry of Finance provides resources for the forth-coming three years and more insight into the predictability of funding.

Institutional transformations in 2016-2017

Ensuring a coherent policy and legal frameworkThe NPAN2 was developed with the active and full involvement of national, regional, and international stakeholders – during every step of this process. The plan has been endorsed by the Exec-utive Committee of the BNNC. The results framework of the fourth health, population, and nutrition (HPN) sector programme (2017-2022) has been devel-oped, whilst the reporting period has seen the national strategy for adolescent

health and a comprehensive social and behaviour change communication (SBCC) strategy for HPN approved. The second Country Investment Plan (CIP2) on nutrition-sensitive food systems is being developed, through a multi-sec-toral process, in response to the commit-ment made in the seventh Five Year Plan and to enhance investments in priority nutrition-sensitive programmes.

Aligning actions around a common results frameworkThe current common results framework (CRF) is a matrix, as annexed in seventh Five Year Plan, and a dedicated frame-work for monitoring and evaluation (M&E), along with indicators and targets is described in the NPAN2. An inter-agency

M&E platform within the BNNC secretariat is envisaged, which will be responsible for tracking actions and results. The NPAN2 aims to create an enabling environment, where periodic reports of M&E activities are institutionalised.

2017–2018 PRIORITIES

• Implement the NPAN2 (2016-2025) and monitor progress of the National Nutrition Policy 2015, through a coordinated ‘3M’ (multi-stakeholder, multi-sectoral, multi-level) approach among different ministries and stakeholders;

• Mobilise resources – both domestic and external – to address the funding gap to fully implement the NPAN2;

• Facilitate a coordinated approach towards data collection through different surveys on cost-ef-fectiveness and nutrition advocacy.

BangladeshJoined: September 2010Population: 161.20 million

Bringing people together into a shared space for actionThe revised terms of reference for the Bangladesh National Nutrition Council (BNNC) secretariat have been included as part of the second National Plan of Action on Nutrition (NPAN2) 2016-2025, and is awaiting the Prime Minister’s approval. The REACH partnership support in Bangladesh ended in 2016, with UN agen-cies (FAO, UNICEF, WHO, WFP, ILO) continuing to facilitate multi-sectoral

collaboration. The Civil Society Alliance for Scaling Up Nutrition, Bangladesh (CSA for SUN, BD) is developing an enhanced communication and advocacy workplan. The SUN Business Network (SBN) and SUN Network for Academia are currently being established, and a consultative drafting of terms of reference has thus commenced, with in-country convenors.

2017 total weighted

85



Financing tracking and resource mobilisationDuring the vote on the 2017 budget, parliamentarians ensured that funds were allocated to nutrition. The agriculture component of the Commune Develop-ment Support Fund (the main objective of

which is to provide infrastructure capable of supporting the development of agricul-tural activities) includes nutrition, in order to support actors in the value chains and encourage good production practices.

Ensuring a coherent policy and legal frameworkAlthough there is no ongoing analysis of legislation, there are a number of provi-sions that protect nutrition (iodised salt, vitamin-enriched wheat flour) and agri-cultural and health policies take nutrition into account, particularly in the adoles-cent and youth health care strategy and the agricultural strategy. A national nutri-tion policy is currently being produced. The national protocol for treating acute malnutrition has been updated and a plan to promote breastfeeding has been launched. A cooperation agreement has

been signed between the Ministries of Health and Agriculture to implement interventions aimed at promoting good food and nutritional practices. A national communication strategy document for social and behavioural change has been validated, aimed at promoting nutrition. The Department for Food and Applied Nutrition (Ministry of Agriculture) and the Benin Food Safety Agency are respon-sible for ensuring that texts on food safety are applied although the guide-lines are implemented.

Aligning actions around a common results frameworkThe 2016-2025 common results frame-work to combat chronic malnutrition was validated in 2016 but has not yet been costed. The Food and Nutrition Council is being extended to the commune level. For the moment, feedback of informa-tion is therefore being done on a sectoral level. The Food and Nutrition Council is

supporting the mainstreaming of nutri-tion into the third-generation commune-level development plans, with aligned contributions from donors and the UN. It should be noted that the strategic food and nutrition development plan will be updated.

BeninJoined: December 2011Population: 10.58 million

Bringing people together into a shared space for actionThe Food and Nutrition Council, the multi-sectoral and multi-stakeholder plat-form (MSP), has so far been decentralised to 21 of Benin’s 77 communes. An insti-tutional evaluation of this Council took place in November 2016. However, the MSP does not have an annual workplan. A multi-stakeholder group specialising in communication has been established and

other technical groups (gender, micronu-trients, hygiene, etc.) are in the process of being set up. The civil society, donor and UN agency networks participate in implementing the platform’s nutrition priorities. Commune-level consultation frameworks for nutrition are in place in 21 of Benin’s 77 communes, each with performance indicators.

• Operationalise the common results framework at the commune level;

• Establish a joint operational monitoring and eval-uation system for the common results framework, disseminate and publish implementation reports;

• Produce the national nutrition policy;

• Update the Strategic Food and Nutrition Develop-ment Plan, and provide a cost estimate;

• Establish a network of parliamentarians on nutrition;

• Begin work on an analysis of the annual funding for all nutrition stakeholders.

2017 total weighted

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• Further engage with the Ministries of Education (both Basic and Tertiary, Research, Science & Technology); Water and Sanitation, Environment and Natural Resources, as well as the Ministry ofTrade and Industry;

• Better involve technical and financial partners in nutrition, including FAO, IFAD, UNICEF, WHO, WFP and the EU;

• Identify nutrition focal points in the different sectors/ministries, as well as a (high-level) nutri-tion champion.

BotswanaJoined: April 2015Population: 2.21 million



2017 total weighted

Not available for 2014*












Financing tracking and resource mobilisation

Ensuring a coherent policy and legal framework

Aligning actions around a common results framework

Bringing people together into a shared space for action

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Financing tracking and resource mobilisationTwo studies on nutrition budget allo-cations of the State’s technical and financial partners were conducted in September 2016, revealing an increase in national resources devoted to nutrition: purchases of nutrition supplies by the Ministry of Health came to approximately USD 1.8 million (1 billion francs CFA) and

supplementary funds could be allocated in the context of PNDES implementa-tion. Advocacy for increased resources is continuing through the creation of a specific budget line. To mobilise resources, a partners’ conference is planned for the end of 2017 with the aim of financing the 2016-2020 multi-sectoral strategic plan.

Ensuring a coherent policy and legal frameworkAs the revised national nutrition policy was validated in 2016 and the stra-tegic sectoral plans and policies that contribute to nutrition and the main-streaming of nutrition into sectoral poli-cies were examined (rural sector develop-ment, health development, food security and education), no noteworthy changes in legislation have been seen. Major

gains have included the integration of nutrition as an essential component of human capital in the 2016-2020 National Social and Economic Development Plan (PNDES) and the validation of a commu-nication, advocacy and social mobilisa-tion strategy for nutrition in April 2017, in addition to which advocacy for a law on breast-milk substitutes is being pursued.

Aligning actions around a common results frameworkThe mapping of nutrition stakeholders and actions has enabled the multi-sec-toral strategic plan for nutrition to be produced, including a common results framework, a monitoring and evaluation system, and budget estimate. Approved in May 2017, these documents are now being adopted politically. A multi-sec-toral communication plan for nutrition

has been prepared. While the common results framework interventions have been established, annual and sectoral workplans containing measurable targets must be developed, alongside a multi-sec-toral information platform on nutrition. This is being established to ensure effi-cient implementation of actions.

Burkina FasoJoined: June 2011Population: 18.11 million

Bringing people together into a shared space for actionThe multi-sectoral platform for nutri-tion (MSP) and the National Council for Dialogue on Nutrition (CNCN) of the Ministry of Health, meets twice a year. The United Nations, civil society (RESONUT), private sector and parliamentarian (REPASEN) networks are fully active and have appointed coordinators while the university and donor networks are being established. Although there are regional consultation frameworks along the lines

of the CNCN, they are not fully opera-tional, contributing only marginally nutri-tion-sensitive sectors. To improve this, institutional anchoring and accountability mechanisms must be improved. Advo-cacy has been undertaken with regional authorities to encourage mainstreaming nutrition into commune-level develop-ment plans. Artists have created songs to spread the word about nutrition.

• Support capacity-development of nutrition-sensi-tive individuals and organisations to improve their commitment and contribution;

• Improve the information platform for better data gathering and analysis.



2017 total weighted

88

Financing tracking and resource mobilisationResource mobilisation is hindered by the lack of a cost estimate for the PSMSAN, and the country’s political landscape has seen a decline in funding for nutrition and an outflow of external partner funds. Over the past two years, Burundi has been

tracking public allocations and budgetary implementation for nutrition, however, there is a need for better dissemination of results. A decline in allocations was noted in comparison to April 2015-April 2016. No estimate of external funding is available.

Ensuring a coherent policy and legal frameworkNutrition is taken into account within strategic policy documents, sectoral plans and policies, including the National Agricultural Investment Plan, the National Social Protection Policy (2011) and the National Health Policy (2016-2025); these frameworks are poorly publicised.

Legislation on maternity leave needs to be revised. This year, in response to the severe drought, the UN and civil society platforms drafted a humanitarian inter-vention plan for nutrition contributing to actions aimed at averting a nutritional emergency.

Aligning actions around a common results frameworkThe 2014-2017 Strategic Multi-Sectoral Plan for Food and Nutritional Secu-rity (PSMSAN) acts as a national refer-ence framework but it has no common results framework nor monitoring and evaluation framework. The cost esti-mate needs updating. The lack of these elements makes the alignment of stake-holders difficult, and annual and sectoral plans are not in line with the PSMSAN. The Ministries of Agriculture and Health

implemented a pilot project in Ngozi Province, with support from the UN and funding from Swiss cooperation. The steering committee conducted a joint annual review resulting in an extension of the PSMSAN to 2018. It is acknowledged that the PSMSAN must be evaluated and a new plan produced. A mapping of stakeholders and actions is underway to enable guidance for this process.

• Extend the 2014-2017 PSMSAN to cover 2018 and produce a common results framework;

• Complete the PSMSAN cost estimate;• Produce a communication, advocacy and resource

mobilisation strategy for nutrition;

• Undertake mapping of actors and actions in food and nutrition security;

• Produce a roadmap for the UN network.

BurundiJoined: February 2013Population: 10.20 million

Bringing people together into a shared space for actionThe multi-sectoral food and nutritional security platform (MSP), institutionalised by decree in 2014, brings together stake-holders in a high-level steering committee and 10 technical work groups – coordi-nated by the Deputy Head of Cabinet of the Second Vice-President, supported by a secretariat. The political landscape has complicated the working of this system since 2015. Efforts have focused on engaging new sectors (environment, finance and social welfare) on updating members of the technical work groups

and on re-energising these. Decen-tralised platforms have been established in four provinces. The United Nations, donors and civil society networks are in place, this latter being decentralised in some communes. Certain donors have suspended their assistance, including the European Union. Links have strength-ened with the global networks. Parlia-mentarians have mobilised: their network is established, however, still needs to be officially launched.



2017 total weighted

89

Financing tracking and resource mobilisationThe Ministry of Economy and Finance has allocated budget lines for nutrition. Nutri-tion-related activities and their expen-ditures are reported in the Ministry of Health Annual Progress Report for 2016. SUN CSA has finalised a financial manual, detailing the financial policies and proce-dures to ensure transparent tracking of

allocations and expenditures. In 2016, a total of USD 14.7 million has been spent on nutrition by 16 UN and civil society partners. Within this amount, USD 5.9 million is focused on fortified rice as part of the school feeding programme targeting pre-school and primary school children.

Ensuring a coherent policy and legal frameworkCARD is conducting a mid-term review of the National Strategy for Food Security and Nutrition (NSFSN) to look at progress made from 2014 to 2016 and to set short and medium-term priorities (for 2019-2023). In 2017, FAO launched a report on gender and the right to food, whilst the WFP completed research on adoles-cent nutrition, with a particular focus on

girls. The national social protection policy framework is in place (signed in March 2017), and incorporates cash transfers to support the 1,000-day window (i.e. preg-nant and lactating women and children under two years), in addition to school meals for pre-school and primary school children. Nutrition is integrated into the school health policy.

Aligning actions around a common results frameworkThe review of the NSFSN will be used to prioritise key interventions and poli-cies. Nutrition-relevant polices include: the Fast Track Roadmap for Improving Nutrition 2014-2020, the National Plan of Action for the Zero Hunger Challenge, the Ministry of Rural Development (MRD) Action Plan for Rural WASH 2014-2018, the Ministry of Health Baby Friendly

Hospital Initiative (BFHI), and the Agri-cultural Sector Strategic Development Plan. The Ministry of Health has dissem-inated the 3rd annual national nutrition report highlighting achievements in 2016.The MRD has completed the first-ever mapping of WASH partners. The new joint monitoring indicator framework for 2016-18 has been approved.

• Engaging the private sector to kick-start the SUN Business Network;

• Increasing nutrition financing commitments from the Government and ensuring longer-term programming from development partners;

• Enforcing regulations for food fortification, including market surveillance and aware-ness-raising for the private sector.

CambodiaJoined: June 2014Population: 15.52 million

Bringing people together into a shared space for actionIn 2017, the Council for Agricultural and Rural Development (CARD) established a working group on WASH and nutrition, ensuring the convergence between the two sectors. The SUN Civil Society Alli-ance (CSA) Cambodia, led by an interim Executive Committee (EC) – comprising Helen Keller International, Plan Interna-tional, World Vision International, Action Against Hunger and Save the Children – has concluded its interim mandate,

and a new committee will be elected in mid-2017. UN agencies are rallying behind national nutrition priorities. However, the UN Network has not been formalised and the Business Network has not been estab-lished. The decentralisation of multi-sec-toral efforts is supported by key donors. The visit of the SUN Movement Coor-dinator to Cambodia proved helpful in triggering a strategic dialogue amongst stakeholders.



2017 total weighted









90

Financing tracking and resource mobilisationThe CRF will be costed by the end of 2017 and the recruitment of a consul-tant for this work is currently underway. The Ministry of Health allocates specific funds to nutrition and advocacy work is continuing within Parliament for a specific budget line to be established

in 2018. The World Bank has agreed to finance a health programme that includes nutrition activities and the finalisation of the programme’s operational plan, which sets out the mechanisms for resource mobilisation, will enable donors to align resources.

Ensuring a coherent policy and legal frameworkThe nutrition policy has been revised to ensure it is in line with new evidence that stresses the need for a multi-sectoral approach and the scaling up of cost-effec-tive interventions to speed up the reduc-tion of malnutrition. The nutrition situa-tion analysis and legal framework were updated prior to developing the common results framework and operational plan

for policy implementation. Tracking missions are conducted to ensure the implementation of food fortification and the International Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes. Parliamentarians are challenging the Government at all parliamentary sessions to make nutrition a national priority.

Aligning actions around a common results frameworkUNICEF’s support to the development of the common results framework (CRF) commenced in May 2016 on the basis of the new multi-sectoral food and nutrition policy, with the involvement of all nutri-tion stakeholders. The areas of interven-tion selected within this CRF enabled the development of a multi-sectoral operational plan. These documents will

be submitted for the approval of the Inter-Ministerial Committee by the end of 2017. A national workshop was organised in June 2017, to evaluate and strengthen the capacity of plan implementers this plan nationally. Once these instruments have been adopted, there will be more concrete and efficient policy and plan-ning coordination between ministries.

CameroonJoined: February 2013Population: 22.83 million

Bringing people together into a shared space for actionThe Inter-ministerial Committee to Combat Malnutrition, established within the Office of the Prime Minister, has continued its work. A food and nutrition guide has been produced and validated. The multi-sec-toral and multi-stakeholder platform (MSP) that brings the different SUN networks together needs re-energising, to strengthen the current mechanism and mitigate the absence of certain sectors in

monthly meetings. This would also enable the four working groups formed in the regions most affected by malnutrition to be strengthened. The civil society, donor and UN networks have been established while the private sector network is in the process of being formalised. The parlia-mentarian network to combat malnutri-tion would be more effective if it had a more detailed road map.

• Validate the CRF and monitoring and evaluation framework;

• Validate the operational multi-sectoral nutrition plan, costed nationally and sub-nationally;

• Implement financial tracking of nutrition at national and sub-national levels;

• Produce a solid national investment portfolio to reinforce advocacy for nutrition with donors;

• Develop the capacities of key actors, including members of the MSP;

• Revive SUN networks, establish platforms for academia and the private sector.



2017 total weighted

91





Central African RepublicJoined: February 2017 Population: 4.55 million


2017 total weighted

















92

Financing tracking and resource mobilisationA funding gap analysis was performed prior to production of the PAINA budget. However, nutrition funding data is not managed centrally and the estimates have not been updated. Donors have been unable to disburse their pledged funding because the PAINA has yet to be adopted. The champions’, civil society and REACH networks have joined forces to advocate

for more nutrition funding from Members of Parliament and the Ministry of Finance. The results of the Cost of Hunger study were published in late 2016 and widely disseminated. Thanks to the platform’s work, nutrition was included in the emer-gency response and health themes at the Chad donor roundtable event, held in Paris in September 2017.

ChadJoined: May 2013Population: 14.01 million

Ensuring a coherent policy and legal frameworkA number of laws have been drafted, technically approved and/or adopted, but some problems with the application and operationalisation of these laws are found. Technical reviews are currently under way to determine how nutri-tion is incorporated into sectoral strategies. The Infant and Young Child Feeding Strategy has been finalised, and ap-proved in 2017. Members of Parliament are actively

lobbying for the adoption of the Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes. The minimum package of activities offered at health centres is currently being revised to include nutrition indicators. Finally, the National Food and Nutrition Crisis Response Plan has been approved, and the Disas-ter Risk Reduction Plan (including nutrition) is currently going through the approval process.

Aligning actions around a common results frameworkThe Inter-Sectoral Food and Nutrition Action Plan (PAINA) has been finalised, costed and approved since 2016. The CNNA is expected to adopt a plan, and to develop a common results framework (CRF) with targets. However, the United Nations, tech-nical and financial partners and NGOs all align with the government’s objectives.

Several mapping exercises (nutrition cluster, civil society) have been launched to provide a comprehensive overview of interventions across all stakeholders. There is a harmon-ised annual framework, which indicates those areas that are vulnerable to food and nutrition security risks. Finally, two major fortification projects have been launched.

Bringing people together into a shared space for actionThe National Food and Nutrition Council (CNNA), an inter-ministerial platform created in 2014, is not yet functioning but is expected to hold its first meeting in 2017. The CNNA’s (multi-stakeholder) technical committee holds monthly meet-ings convened by the Ministry of Health’s Nutrition Director. Five regional food and nutrition committees have been created as part of a pilot scheme in 2016-2017. This year, a new private sector network has been created in addition to the seven

existing networks (including journalists, champions and academics), and there are plans for a dedicated network on fortifica-tion. A joint action plan for these networks has been developed in 2017, based on their respective workplans. The Members of Parliament network benefited from a peer awareness-raising day in December 2016, and network members spoke to the public during a tour in January 2017. The champions’ network has ensured training for journalists on nutrition.

• Complete and adopt the Integrated Implementa-tion Plan;

• Create the CRF, along with a monitoring and eval-uation plan;

• Operationalise the CNNA.



2017 total weighted

93

ComorosJoined: December 2013Population: 0.78 million


2017 total weighted

2017 total weighted












Not available for 2016*Financing tracking and resource mobilisationThe DSF has provided estimated cost-ings for activities contained in the annual workplan. Each partner has an overview of its allocated funding. There has been

no financial feasibility assessment for national plans to implement nutrition improvement activities.

Ensuring a coherent policy and legal frameworkThe national multi-sectoral food and nutrition policy is currently being revised, in conjunction with other sectors (gender equality, social welfare, agriculture, water and sanitation). There is already a commu-nity nutrition commu-nication strategy, and work on an infant and young child feeding strategy is currently ongoing. The amended food bill has been submitted to Parliament. Advocacy ongoing to

revise the draft decree on creation of the platform, and to ensure that nutrition is included in key policies (such as the national health policy, Strategy for Accel-erated Growth and Sustainable Develop-ment, Five-year Investment Plan). On the legislative front, the country has yet to operation-alise the Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes.

Aligning actions around a common results frameworkMost of the activities relating to a common results framework are yet to be

implemented as the platform is yet to be established.

• Sign the decree to establish the multi-sectoral platform (MSP);

• Produce the platform’s annual workplan;

• Map nutrition stakeholders and interventions;• Mobilise financial resources for nutrition.

Bringing people together into a shared space for actionA temporary multi-sectoral committee has been established, pending creation of the formal structure provided for in the draft decree submitted to the Govern-ment in 2014 (which is currently being revised for re-submission). The temporary committee is chaired by the Ministry of Health Family Health Department (DSF) and its membership includes represen-tatives of the Ministry of Production, the Ministry of Education, and the Ministry of the Economy and Trade. In line with the DSF’s workplan, the committee holds

meetings to draft documents and advo-cate with the authorities. Each island has a nutrition focal point, who coordinates local health department activities. Some non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and other organisations attend nutri-tion-related meetings. In February 2017, a meeting was held to discuss the creation of a multi-sectoral platform involving civil society and coordinated by the Comoros Consumers’ Federation (FCC). A Parlia-ment focal point has been appointed.


94

Financing tracking and resource mobilisationEstimated costings for the 2016-2018 operational plan are in place but have not been followed up with a strategy for mobilising the necessary resources. There is ongoing advocacy work aimed at increasing the nutrition budgets of

the sectoral ministries, based largely on the results of a workshop to examine the level of mainstreaming of nutrition into the State budget. This workshop commenced on 7 July 2016 (using the SUN methodology).

CongoJoined: October 2013Population: 4.7 million

Ensuring a coherent policy and legal frameworkThere are pro-nutrition legislation and sectoral strategies, however, these are not always followed up with the implementing regulations or the publicity necessary for them to be effective. There will be further analysis of existing legislation in 2017, through a diagnostic study of the national

nutrition situation. The Brazzaville Decla-ration and its roadmap were adopted by Central African states in November 2016, during a sub-regional workshop (organ-ised jointly by the Congo and UNICEF) on repositioning nutrition as a factor of development in Central Africa.

Aligning actions around a common results frameworkThe Strategic Framework to Combat Malnutrition by 2025, along with its 2016-2018 operational plan (which also has a monitoring and evaluation framework), was validated in 2016. Some activities are already being implemented but the start-up difficulties encountered by other programmes can be explained by the delayed start-up of CNLM activities. An evaluation of plan implementation is

scheduled for 2017, to assess the situa-tion and form a three-year roadmap. An online portal documenting UN support to the SUN Movement was launched in 2017; an information system for gathering and analysing nutrition data needs to be put in place promptly, as this will enable support for plan implementation and stakeholder alignment.

• Validate the national policy to combat malnutrition;

• Carry out a diagnosis of the nutrition situation;

• Create a human resources capacity development plan for nutrition;

• Organise a workshop to evaluate operational plan implementation and to produce a roadmap;

• Revise the draft decree estab-lishing the National Council to Combat Malnutrition;

• Produce resource mobilisation strategies and organise a donor roundtable;

• Establish a monitoring and eval-uation system for nutrition;

• Organise a nutrition awareness day, with the private sector.

Bringing people together into a shared space for actionOn 11 April 2017, a national ad-hoc committee to combat malnutrition was established centrally, by memorandum, while awaiting a revision of the decree establishing a National Council to Combat Malnutrition (CNLM). The new committee groups together nutrition focal points identified within the Presidency, the Office of the Prime Minister, the Senate and National Assembly, sectoral ministries and UN agencies. It is coordinated by the

SUN focal point, the Minister and Secre-tary-General of the Presidency. It will be possible to incorporate the multi-stake-holder platform that exists within the context of the food and nutritional secu-rity component of the United Nations Development Assistance Framework into this committee. Additionally, improved participation of the private sector, civil society and donors will not begin until after the CNLM has been established.



2017 total weighted





95

Financing tracking and resource mobilisationA budget is available within the institu-tions to plan and implement nutrition-re-lated activities each year, as in the case of the Ministry of Public Education’s school canteens. There is no tracking of budget implementation by budget line but it is expected that, once the Department for

Nutrition and Sport is up and running within the Ministry of Health, tracking of resources will commence. The nutrition investment report has been produced through the national budget and applying the SUN Movement’s methodology.

Ensuring a coherent policy and legal frameworkThe Planning Ministry approved the creation of a Department for Nutrition and Sport, nested in the Ministry of Health, greatly strengthening nutrition gover-nance. The Ministry of Health promotes compliance with the legal and regula-tory framework for nutrition, with regards breastfeeding and the improvement of micronutrient-rich foods. A draft bill of on the right to food has been promoted,

spearheaded by the University of Costa Rica and with the involvement of the Minis-tries of Health, Public Education, Agricul-ture and Livestock Farming, the National Women’s Institute, community-based organisations, academia, parliamentarians, and the UN, among others. This law has so far gained the support of more than 50 per cent of parliamentarians, and is hoped to be discussed in the Legislative Assembly.

Aligning actions around a common results frameworkThe first weight and height census among schoolchildren revealed that an alarming 34 per cent of children were overweight or obese in 2016. The Ministry of Health is developing a National Child and Adoles-cent Obesity Prevention, Plan with the active involvement of SUN members. The census also justified the implementa-tion of local obesity-prevention projects among schoolchildren and the continua-tion of preventive nutrition services with

the National Directorate of Education and Nutrition Centers and Children’s Centers for Comprehensive Care. The Plan comple-ments the 2015-2018 National Develop-ment Plan and the 2015-2019 National Health Plan, as each mainstream nutrition. The SUN Movement and the UN Network for SUN in Costa Rica have agreed on a participatory analysis of nutrition to increase momentum and move towards a common results framework.

• Strengthen the multi-stakeholder platform with key social actors;

• Hold a round table on achievements and gaps in nutrition;

• Conduct a situation analysis on nutrition among children and adolescents;

• Recommend successful strategies and identify solutions to challenges;

• Establish a national plan for the prevention of obesity among schoolchildren;

• Ensure the UN network remains active; • Create a joint working agenda between the

Government and the UN system.

Costa RicaJoined: March 2014Population: 4.81 million

Bringing people together into a shared space for actionThe UN Network for SUN has been in place since early 2017, comprising the Pan-Amer-ican Health Organization, FAO, and the UN Coordinator’s Office. The joint workplan of the UN agencies and the Government gives priority to identifying additional actors and overcoming difficulties encoun-tered, by including actors such as UNICEF.

Joint terms of reference have been agreed upon, and 10 meetings have been held. A roundtable is now being organised to fine-tune nutrition-related decisions and objec-tives, and the work will be decentralised. The appointment of the SUN focal point has been endorsed, as appointed by the previous Health Minister in 2014.



2017 total weighted





96

Financing tracking and resource mobilisationThe national contribution covers 15 per cent of the global PNMN cost, whilst the UN and donors 85 has committed to 85 per cent. This was the subject of a donors’ roundtable on resource mobilisa-tion in September 2016. The budget lines were allocated for direct interventions and for governance. The mainstreaming of the PNMN into the National Devel-opment Plan and the Public Investment

Programme is facilitating financial tracking. The Action Plan for the North is costed at almost USD 18 million (10 billion francs CFA), with a little more than USD 3.5 million (2.3 billion francs CFA) funding gap. Advocacy is underway to mobilise both internal and external resources. The regional authorities have committed to financing the Plan.

Ensuring a coherent policy and legal frameworkA public communication strategy is being produced. The regulatory and legisla-tive framework has been reinforced with the adoption of decrees and laws (on the marketing of breast-milk substitutes and food fortification); others are in the

pipeline (on maternity leave, the regula-tion of the sale of sugary drinks to chil-dren around schools). In February 2017, Côte d’Ivoire contributed to the sub-re-gional policy on nutrition, a West African Health Organization initiative.

Aligning actions around a common results frameworkMainstreaming the 2016-2020 National Multi-Sectoral Plan for Nutrition (PNMN) into the 2016-2020 National Development Plan and the Public Investment Programme has facilitated a sense of ownership. Following an experience-sharing mission to Senegal, the PNMN decentralisation process commenced in priority regions in the north, with: the formalisation of the community approach; an organisational

and institutional analysis of regional bodies and the establishment of commit-tees; an action plan for the north, plus sub-prefectural plans. The process of establishing the national nutrition infor-mation platform (NPIN) is underway. The World Bank is contributing to indicators for the common results framework and strengthening the sectoral monitoring and evaluation mechanism.

• Create manuals for PNMN implementation and policy for handling conflict of interest;

• Establish and improve capacity of the parliamen-tarians’ network;

• Operationalise laws and decrees;

• Establish a multi-sectoral monitoring and evalua-tion system;

• Adopt a resource mobilisation strategy to solidify intentions stated during the roundtable.

Côte d’IvoireJoined: June 2013Population: 23.11 million

Bringing people together into a shared space for actionIn September 2016, Côte d’Ivoire launched the SUN Movement, estab-lishing the organs of the National Council for Nutrition (including a decision-making committee, a technical committee, a focal point, and a permanent technical secre-tariat). A declaration of commitment to nutrition was signed by key ministers. The National Council for Nutrition’s and networks meet regularly. Action plans

are being made for NutriMedia and the academia network; whilst those for civil society and technical focal points are available. Ministers with responsibility for decentralisation, communication, the environment, and sustainable develop-ment are involved. Equity and WASH is being mainstreamed into plans and action through the involvement of rele-vant national agencies and offices.



2017 total weighted

97

Financing tracking and resource mobilisationThe estimated costings for PNSMN activ-ities, by the World Bank and UNICEF, are included in the action plan but the Government has not set aside a dedicated budget for their implementation. Funding needs are therefore known, but plans for a high-level donor roundtable event were

abandoned because of a lack of funds. The SUN Movement in the Democratic Republic of the Congo has had an allo-cated budget since 2015, but the funding has not materialised and there is still no long-term resource mobilisation strategy.

Ensuring a coherent policy and legal frameworkThe World Bank performed a multi-sec-toral analysis of laws and policies in 2015, during the process of drafting the National Multi-Sectoral Strategic Plan. Health and agriculture strategy docu-ments are currently being revised to make them more nutrition-sensitive, in line with the National Food Security and

Nutrition Policy. Laws on the International Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Substi-tutes, food fortification and maternity leave also need to be revised. Insufficient progress has been made in establishing a coherent legal and policy framework because of the political situation in the country.

Aligning actions around a common results frameworkStakeholders now refer to the National Multi-Sectoral Strategic Plan for Nutri-tion (PNSMN) and the associated oper-ational plan (which include a common results framework) to select the majority of activities for inclusion in their annual workplans. Government programmes are currently being revised to make them nutrition-sensitive, but the Government

has yet to start implementing the PNSMN and the associated action plan, because no dedicated resources have been allo-cated. Technical and financial partners are implementing a handful of activities using their own funds. The preliminary nutrition and food security stakeholder map also needs to be finalised.

• Finalise the common results framework;• Mobilise resources to fund the PNSMN action plan;

• Develop multi-sectoral nutrition advocacy and communication strategies;

• Mobilise members of parliament to lobby for funding and raise public awareness.

Democratic Republic of the Congo

Joined: May 2013Population: 76.20 million

Bringing people together into a shared space for actionThe National Multi-Sectoral Nutrition Committee, created in December 2015, is not yet functional. However, the National Nutrition Programme’s technical platform – headed by the Ministry of Health – met eight times in 2016-2017, despite not having a dedicated budget. The multi-stakeholder platform (MSP) comprises all members of various nutrition and food security “clus-ters” and development stakeholders, as well as nutrition-related ministries, tech-nical and financial partners, and United Nations agencies. The MSP members share data and information about emergencies

and field activities. Four ministries are currently appointing nutrition focal points, which will bring the total number of minis-tries with nutrition resource persons to 10. These focal points will need to attend a multi-sectoral coordination training session. There are five formal networks, including a scientist network, and the civil society network is currently appointing a new steering committee as it seeks an injection of fresh impetus. Finally, some activities from the 2017 roadmap have been incorporated into the National Health Development Plan.



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98

Financing tracking and resource mobilisationIn 2016, El Salvador completed its budget estimate for public investment in food and nutritional security, identify-ing resource needs to be negotiated with the Govern-ment and international cooperation. The country has made pro-gress on aligning

national objectives and those of United Nations agencies. International coopera-tion contributes nearly 30% of financing towards achieving food and nutrition security goals.

Ensuring a coherent policy and legal frameworkEl Salvador has made progress on strengthening the legal framework of the National Food and Nutritional Security Policy, in coordination with the different sectors. The country currently has an updated food and nutrition security assessment and has started the process of updating the National Policy. In June 2017, regulations came into force on the selling

of food in school canteens to improve the quality of food, and at local level, munic-ipalities have been en-couraged to make orders for this purpose. In the last year, CONASAN has, together with civil society organisations, advocated for the adop-tion of the Law of Food and Nutritional Security.

Aligning actions around a common results frameworkEl Salvador has worked in coordination with various national and international agencies and with civil society on initia-tives included in the National Food and Nutritional Security Plan. In 2017, the actor mapping was updated and the National Food and Nutritional Security Observatory was launched. El Salvador

completed the National Census of Height and Weight of Schoolchildren, obtaining the main national indicators for all the municipalities in the coun-try. As part of its international commitments, the CELAC Food and Nutritional Security Plan is being implemented. This plan is aligned with the National Plan.

• Finish the update of the National Food and Nutri-tional Security Policy;

• Broaden the coverage of the territorialisation model for implementation of the National Food and Nutritional Security Policy, continuing to form departmental and municipal committees,

• Continue implementation of the Education and Social Communication Strategy;

• Continue advocacy for approval of the Law of Food and Nutritional Security;

• Strengthen private sector engagement in improving nutrition.

El SalvadorJoined: September 2012Population: 6.31 million

Bringing people together into a shared space for actionIn recent years, El Salvador has continued to strengthen the coordination of actions at national, departmental and munic-ipal levels. The National Food and Nutri-tional Security Council (CONASAN) has developed a multi-sectoral territo-rialisation model of the National Food and Nutritional Security Policy, forming departmental, municipal and community committees. The Civil Society Alliance for Nutrition has been strengthened. This alliance has carried out lobbying and

advocacy activities for the adoption of the Law of Food and Nutritional Sover-eignty and Security. The process to estab-lish the private sector working group for the promotion of food and nutrition security is currently under way. As Pres-ident pro tempore of the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States (CELAC) in the period from 2017 to 2018, El Salvador has promoted food and nutri-tion security as one of the four main items on the re-gional agenda.



2017 total weighted

99

EthiopiaJoined: September 2010Population: 99.87 million

Institutional transformations in 2016-2017Not available for 2014*




















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100

GabonJoined: December 2016Population: 1.93 million

Institutional transformations in 2016-2017Not available for 2014*
















2017 total weighted

Ensuring a coherent policy and legal frameworkOn 17 May 2017, the new national policy on nutrition and food security (PNSAN) was launched in Libreville. This policy aims to ensure all women, men and their families experience food security by 2025, through harnessing public-private partnerships. A decree on breastfeeding protection and marketing regulations

on substitutes and baby food produc-tion, in addition to salt iodisation legis-lation are in place, although not as yet put into practice. Gabon does, however, have a newborn and infant child feeding strategy (ANJE) and a health develop-ment national plan (PNDS) for 2017-2021.

Aligning actions around a common results frameworkSeveral nutrition-related programmes are implemented by the Ministries of Health, Social Welfare, Agriculture, Education or Trade, or through health extension systems or local boards of directors, with

the support of donors and civil society, including, for example, UNICEF, WFP, FAO, World Bank, CARE, World Vision, Canada, Germany and Unilever.

Bringing people together into a shared space for actionThe multi-stakeholder Food and Nutri-tion Security (PMMSAN) platform was set up in 2016 and meets monthly, comprising about 60 members from the public sector, including education, research, social affairs, parliamentarian affairs, communication, mining, water and forestry, finance and the economy. the research community, business. Civil

society, UN agencies (FAO, WHO and UNICEF) and the private sector also represented in the multi-stakeholder platform (MSP). The Ministry of Agri-culture and Livestock ensure the MSP is well-coordinated with an interim focal point who is in charge of the Ministry of Health programme “GRAINE”.


Please note that the narrative on this page, since Gabon joined the SUN Movement in December 2016, is not based on the

Joint- Assessment Exercise, but a baseline study – which new SUN Movement members are asked to undertake.

101

Financing tracking and resource mobilisationThe objective of the Additional Financing for Integrated Financial Management and Information System (IFMIS) Project for The Gambia is to increase the Govern-ment’s capacity in public resource management. Although the IFMIS can provide information on budget execu-tion rates, there is no specific platform

where this information is collated to track investments in nutrition interventions. The national nutrition strategic plan, which expired in 2015, was the key document used to identify resource gaps for nutri-tion. This highlights the need to develop a new costed nutrition strategic plan.

Ensuring a coherent policy and legal frameworkNutrition is mainstreamed into many sectoral policies and programmes. A nutrition bottleneck analysis has been conducted by the MSP to inform a review of the 2010-2020 National Nutri-tion Policy. This will eventually lead to an updated 2017-2025 National Nutrition Policy, to be accompanied by a costed strategic plan. Over the past year, a new policy on early childhood development

(ECD) and school feeding has been devel-oped, with the involvement of the MSP. A Social and Behaviour Change Communi-cation Strategy for 2016-2020 has also been developed. Lastly, the awareness of law enforcement agents – such as police and custom officials – on existing regula-tions for food fortification and salt iodisa-tion has been raised.

Aligning actions around a common results frameworkAlthough a common results framework (CRF) for nutrition is yet to be defined, the MSP has been involved in the devel-opment of the 2018-2021 National Development Plan and the 2017-2021 United Nations Development Assistance

Framework (UNDAF), ensuring nutrition components are now included. The inten-tion is to develop a CRF, following the review of the National Nutrition Policy and subsequent development of a new nutrition strategic plan.

• Develop a common results framework;• Improve the tracking of investments in nutrition;

• Encourage the involvement and active participa-tion of civil society and the business community in the MSP;

• Conduct a capacity assessment of MSP members.

The GambiaJoined: July 2011Population: 1.98 million

Bringing people together into a shared space for actionThe Gambia’s multi-stakeholder platform (MSP) continues to work well, with quar-terly meetings convened. In the past year, the National Nutrition Technical Advisory Committee (NTAC) has seen the inclusion of the Women’s Bureau as well as the Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH)

unit. Despite this, there is a need for stronger engagement with civil society, academia, and the private sector. The involvement of regional structures such as the Regional Technical Advisory Commit-tees (TAC) should also be strengthened.



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GhanaJoined: March 2011Population: 27.58 million

Financing tracking and resource mobilisationA tracking of nutrition spending has been done for 2014 and 2015, but not yet completed for 2016. Financial data gaps for some sectors still prevail, as is the case for off-budget donor expendi-tures. The low conversion of pledges to disbursements, both domestically and from external sources, is a challenge for the SUN Movement in Ghana. The current planning processes at district and sectoral

levels will bring about costed plans to support resource mobilisation and advo-cacy for increased financial resources amongst parliamentarians and other politicians. The setting up of a nutrition sector working group as part of Ghana’s architecture for development cooper-ation will also help streamline nutrition spending and ensure activities are in line with government priorities.

Ensuring a coherent policy and legal frameworkA long-term Food and Nutrition Secu-rity (FNS) Strategy has been developed, which will be used to review the draft National Nutrition Policy. Pro-nutrition legal frameworks have been put in place to cover areas such as the marketing of breast-milk substitutes, although their enforcement is deemed weak. Maternity

protection laws have also been enacted, with advocacy taking place for the exten-sion of maternal and parental leave. Efforts are underway to develop a nutri-tion planning manual to enhance the capacity of sectors and districts for nutri-tion planning.

Aligning actions around a common results frameworkNutrition is a key component of the Government’s medium-term develop-ment policy framework (2018-2021). A matrix of policy objectives and strat-egies – with roles and responsibilities – has been developed, with a common results framework (CRF) that will be

used to track progress of its implemen-tation. National annual progress reports of the medium-term development policy framework will track progress of nutri-tion indicators. The SUN Donor Network developed a mapping framework of its members’ programmes in March 2017.

• Create an inter-ministerial committee at the Office of the President;

• Streamline SUN coordination, at all levels; • Complete a nationally-costed nutrition scaling up

plan;

• Complete a budget and expenditure tracking exercise, with an accompanying resource mobil-isation strategy;

• Launch the SUN Business Network; • Establish a SUN Media Network.

Bringing people together into a shared space for actionGhana’s multi-stakeholder platform (MSP), the Nutrition Cross-Sectoral Plan-ning Group (CSPG), continues to expand, bringing together ten sectors today. The CSPG works at the national level under the auspices of the National Development Planning Commission (NDPC). The three northern regions have regional nutrition MSPs, and plans are in place to roll-out the MSPs to all regions and districts.

All SUN Networks, except a Business Network – which is currently being estab-lished – are up and running, including the recently revived SUN Donor Network. A priority for the period ahead is to form a media network. The appointment of nutri-tion champions, including the Minister for Gender, Children and Social Protection and the Chief of Staff in the Office of the President, is currently being discussed.



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103

Financing tracking and resource mobilisationThe budgets for the POASAN are in line with a results-based management approach. When drawing up the POASAN, government institutions analysed the budget approved by the Congress iden-tified shortfalls that could be partly covered by resources from donors such as the European Union or the Andalusian Agency for International Development

Cooperation (AACID), among others, or with loans from the World Bank. The UN Resident Coordinator has offered finan-cial support to cover part of the gaps in the PRAHE. SESAN conducts monthly financial tracking of budget implemen-tation for the POASAN, and this can be accessed publicly via the Ministry of Public Finances’ webpage.

Ensuring a coherent policy and legal frameworkLegislative proposal 5236, proposed by the Food and Nutritional Security Commission of the Congress, the “Law on Provisions to Facilitate the Coordina-tion of Actions Aimed at Reducing Child Malnutrition”, updates the Law on the National Food and Nutritional Security

System, revised between 2016 and 2017. This proposal needs to be submitted for CONASAN’s assessment. The Parliamen-tary Front against Hunger promotes the implementation of a law that advocates for local food at schools to bolster the country’s rural economy.

Aligning actions around a common results frameworkThe common results framework comprises the 2016-2020 National Strategy for the Prevention of Chronic Malnutrition (ENPDC) and the 2017 Response Plan to Address Seasonal Hunger (PRAHE). The institutions involved produce annual oper-ational food safety and nutrition plans

(POASAN) with actions and budgets under the ENPDC and PRAHE. The opera-tional analysis centre, designed by SESAN, includes a methodology for implement the ENPDC locally with all actors.

• Produce guidelines that will enable a common results framework to be organised and managed at sub-national level;

• Take advantage of high-level events, associations and commu-nication channels to influence commitments, generate invest-ments and improve data gathering;

• Develop, update, and implement advocacy and communication strategies;

• Analyse the enabling environment for nutrition, such as political commitment or an analysis of the stakeholder groups involved;

• Develop or revise mechanisms to tackle equity dimensions of nutrition plans, policies and strategies;

• Ensure the involvement of representatives from marginalised and vulnerable communities in decision-making processes.

GuatemalaJoined: December 2010Population: 16.25 million

Bringing people together into a shared space for actionNutrition governance was improved in 2016 with the creation of the Presi-dential Commission to Reduce Chronic Malnutrition, which reports directly to the President, comprising ministers and the Secretariat for Food and Nutritional Security (SESAN). With civil society and the institutions responsible, the Presi-dential Commission promotes reducing chronic malnutrition. The Commission complements the National Food and Nutritional Security Council (CONASAN), which is responsible for coordination

among ministries and other organisa-tions. CONASAN comprises the minis-tries of Health, Agriculture and Social Inclusion, and SESAN. It is responsible for coordinating inter-ministerial action, with the support of 22 departmental and 314 municipal food and nutritional security commissions. The President of Guate-mala Jimmy Morales, has been a member of the SUN Movement Lead Group and, despite government changes, the focal point remains in place.



2017 total weighted

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Financing tracking and resource mobilisationFinancial tracking and resource mobili-sation remain highly sectoral. Nutrition is primarily supported by donors, with their own tracking systems. Financing is not oft discussed at the platform level. Cooperation agreements between the

Government and UN agencies can be reviewed every six months. The share of the budget allocated to health has increased from three per cent to eight, and a budget line for nutrition has been established for 2017 but not yet funded.

Ensuring a coherent policy and legal frameworkSeveral surveys were conducted in 2016-2017: a nutrition situation assessment, analysis of chronic malnutrition trends, a SMART nutrition survey, and an eval-uation of the impact of Ebola on nutri-tion. Following the adoption of orders and decrees, awareness-raising work-shops have been organised: economic operators addressed fortification, salt producers tackled iodisation and women’s

groups raised awareness of the bene-fits of supplementary feeding. Nutrition training has been developed in univer-sities and vocational colleges. Nutrition has been mainstreamed into the National Social and Economic Development Plan (PNDES). An integrated communication plan has been developed. Key actors are producing policy documents and regula-tory texts.

Aligning actions around a common results frameworkThe multi-sectoral nutrition plan has resulted in a women’s empowerment programme, with the support of UNICEF, FAO and WFP, and WASH interventions,

with the involvement of NGOs. Annual workplans, including measurable targets, are produced by civil society and the UN and donor network.

• Improve the institutional anchoring of nutrition coordination;

• Adopt policy documents, such as the nutrition policy and the law on marketing of breast-milk substitutes;

• Conduct advocacy to increase the State’s and partners’ budgets;

• Strengthen the private sector platform;• Involve women’s groups in preventing and

combating chronic malnutrition;• Decentralise the platform into Guinea’s regions

and prefectures;• Encourage experience sharing between Guinea

and other SUN Countries.

Guinea Joined: May 2013Population: 12.09 million

Bringing people together into a shared space for actionThe multi-sectoral platform (MSP) and the Technical Work Group for Nutrition and Food (GTNA) have enabled sectoral priorities to be discussed, with sectoral focal points appointed. Terms of reference and operational action plans are in place for the GTNA as are regional technical work groups (GTRNA). The platform has sent a letter to the Prime Minister to accel-erate Guinea’s commitments to nutrition.

A female parliamentarian network in the National Assembly, a women and media alliance, the academic network, and the UN and donor networks have been established. The WFP, UNICEF and WHO are supporting a nutrition training of teachers, universities and health schools. Civil society is raising media awareness, with the support of the SUN Movement’s Multi-Partner Trust Fund.



2017 total weighted

105

Financing tracking and resource mobilisationTwice a year, the United Nations monitors funds allocated to nutrition programmes, as stipulated in the UN Devel-opment Assistance Framework (UNDAF) for Guinea-Bissau. Public investment into

nutrition was analysed in 2016 and the Ministry of Finance subsequently published a report. There are plans to hold a donor roundtable event in 2017 to mobilise funds for nutrition.

Ensuring a coherent policy and legal frameworkThe national authorities have approved the national nutrition policy, and the school canteen policy is awaiting signa-ture by the National Assembly. Various stakeholders promote the inclusion of nutrition into sectoral policies and development programmes. The United Nations has made contact with Members

of Parliament, following a communica-tion from the Inter-Parliamentary Union calling for the convening nutrition-spe-cific meetings. There are also plans for a national dialogue on nutrition and a national nutrition day. The United Nations network is willing to support the newly appointed SUN government focal point.

Aligning actions around a common results frameworkThe budget for the Strategic Plan for Nutrition is currently being finalised, and will contain a common results frame-work.

There are plans to hold a roundtable event, to this end.

Guinea-BissauJoined: March 2014Population: 1.77 million

Bringing people together into a shared space for actionThe multi-stakeholder platform (MSP) is functioning, with relevant stakeholders mobilised and engaged, and common results are being achieved – through stake-holder interactions. At the December 2016 Cabinet meeting, the Prime Minister offi-cially recognised the Multi-Sectoral Nutri-tion Committee and the SUN Government Focal Point. The new United Nations SUN network (comprising UNICEF, FAO, WHO, UNFPA, WFP and the World Bank) is led

by the WFP representative. The sectoral ministry, civil society, donor and United Nations focal points have been appointed and are actively involved in the platform. The relevant national authorities support platform decision-making, with a view to building consensus and producing joint recommendations to enable local dialogue. The nutrition committee’s annual workplan for 2017 is currently being drafted.

• Advocate with the authorities (Parliament and Council) to approve pending documents (breast-milk substi-tute and marketing bill, school canteen policy);

• Prevent malnutrition among vulnerable groups throughout the lifecycle, and promote appropriate

treat-ment for cases of acute malnutrition, including tackling micronutrient deficiencies;

• Promote food security for families and the commu-nity and building resilience to dietary variety;

• Strengthen inter-sectoral coordination of infor-mation systems, nutrition research, and behaviour change communication.



2017 total weighted





106

HaitiJoined: June 2012Population: 10.71 million


2017 total weighted









• Finalise the draft bill on food and nutrition sover-eignty and security;

• Set up the multi-sectoral platform; • Finalise the National Food and Nutrition Sover-

eignty and Security Policy and draw up a multi-sectoral plan to operationalise the policy;

• Establish an academic network; • Update the 2009 Cost of Hunger study and asso-

ciated advocacy documents.

Financing tracking and resource mobilisationNutrition-related sector-specific plans are not systematically costed, and there is no single institution tasked with moni-toring specialist funding. As such, the country has no holistic view of funding needs, or of how funds are allocated and used. Public investment in nutrition varies from one Government to the next – as priorities change – and no funds have been allocated to the Ministry of Health

nutrition-specific budget line for the period in question. Cost estimates will be produced for the strategic plan to opera-tionalise the National Food and Nutrition Sovereignty and Security Policy. Govern-ment and donor advocacy will need to form part of resource mobilisation, and Haiti’s Cost of Hunger study could be updated to support these efforts.

Ensuring a coherent policy and legal frameworkHaiti has a number of nutrition-related laws. Recent initiatives include a draft bill and a new National Food and Nutri-tion Sovereignty and Security Policy, both currently being drafted by the Economic and Social Development Council – an independent body linked to the Office of the Prime Minister. There have been calls

to set up a permanent technical body to monitor and evaluate progress towards sector-specific strategic objectives, on the basis that such a move would promote the development and review of an enabling political and legal framework for nutrition, operationalise the frame-work, and harmonise existing strategies.

Aligning actions around a common results frameworkHaiti has a series of sector-specific strat-egies and programmes, including the Ministry of Health National Nutrition Plan (2013-2018), the Ministry of Educa-tion National School Canteens Plan, and the Ministry of Social Affairs’ Korê Lavi programme. The National Food Secu-rity Commission is working with various sectors to update its National Food and

Nutrition Security Plan (2016-2025). However, the central and decentralised levels are not implementing or moni-toring these plans and programmes in a coordinated manner. Haiti needs to develop a strategic plan to operationalise its National Food and Nutrition Sover-eignty and Security Policy.

Bringing people together into a shared space for actionIn the wake of the abolition of the National Commission for Hunger and Malnutrition in 2014, political instability, and recurring climate hazards, hunger and malnutrition are no longer seen as high on the polit-ical agenda. As a result, technical groups in the food and nutrition security sectors have been left to deal with these matters. Nevertheless, the Government is finalising

a draft bill and a National Food and Nutri-tion Sovereignty and Security Policy, which include plans for a multi-sectoral, multi-stakeholder nutrition system at the political and technical levels. Civil society, the private sector and academia are willing to support the Government, with better coordination and adequate structures.


107

Financing tracking and resource mobilisationThe Government’s National Long Term Development Plan (RPJPN) 2005-2025 and RPJMN 2015-2019 ensure resource mobili-sation for nutrition. The Ministry of Finance has committed to increase budget alloca-tion for nutrition improvement including stunting reduction programmes through performance-based incentives. The Ministry

of Health has increased their budget allo-cation for nutrition-specific programmes, from USD 87.6 million (IDR 1.17 trillion) in 2016 to 89.8 million (IDR 1.2 trillion) in 2017. The budget allocation for and commitment to ensure food safety in rural areas has also increased from IDR 6.7 billion (100 villages) to IDR 7.4 billion (2,100 villages).

Ensuring a coherent policy and legal frameworkMinistries of Agriculture and National Development Planning are currently drafting a Presidential Decree on strategic policy for food and nutrition, as a regu-lation to operationalise the 2015-2019 National Action Plan on Food and Nutrition (RAN-PG). The Government’s National Annual Work Plan (RKP) 2017 highlights

the acceleration of nutrition goals as one of the national priorities. In November 2016, the Minister of Health issued Regu-lation No. 58 of 2016 on Sponsorship for Healthcare Professionals by pharmaceu-tical or healthcare companies to prevent conflict of interest, improve transparency and render non-partial health services.

Aligning actions around a common results frameworkThe National Medium Term Development Plan (RPJMN) 2015-2019 and the RKP are further translated to the Sub-Na-tional Medium Term Development Plan (RPJMD) and Sub-National Annual Work Plan (RKPD) by the local governments in provinces and districts. In March 2017, the Ministry of National Development Planning (Bappenas) launched the 2017-2019 Roadmap for the SUN Movement

Secretariat of Indonesia with a detailed annual workplan for 2017-2019 that includes a social monitoring mechanism by civil society organisations. In 2017, the Government conducted a midterm review of the RPJMN 2015-2019 to evaluate the achievement of the plan’s targets. Furthermore, the monitoring and evalua-tion of RAN-PG, is conducted annually as part of joint monitoring.

• Undertake advocacy, campaigns, and behaviour change communication for all stakeholders on nutrition improvement, with a focus on stunting reduction;

• Strengthen multi-sectoral coordination through integrated nutrition interventions;

• Develop evidence-based nutrition-specific and sensitive interventions;

• Develop a knowledge platform on nutrition.

IndonesiaJoined: December 2011Population: 258.16 million

Bringing people together into a shared space for actionThe Government launched Presidential Instruction No. 1 of 2017 on community movement for a healthy life (Germas), with a multi-sectoral approach that involves 18 line ministries and institutions. The Germas Movement is aligned with and supports the implementation of the SUN Movement in Indonesia. The President of Indonesia’s strong commitment to nutri-tion improvement was strongly show-cased during his presentation of the 10

Key Messages on Health Issues, at the 2017 National Coordination Meeting for Health (Rakerkesnas), along with the support of the Office of Presidential Staff (KSP). Since 2016, the World Bank has co-lead the Donor and UN Country Network on Nutrition (DUNCNN), with UNICEF as the co-convener. The SUN Business Network Indonesia has expanded their member-ship to include businesses working on nutrition-sensitive programmes.



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• Continue working towards estab-lishing nutrition MSPs at national and county levels;

• Finalise the FNSP Implementa-tion Framework, with subsequent roll-out in counties;

• Advocate for and support the finalisation and dissemination of

key bills in parliament, e.g. Food and Nutrition Security Bill and the Breastfeeding Bill;

• Support the dissemination and implementation of the Health Act 2017;

• Develop strategies and guide-lines geared towards enhancing

nutrition-sensitive programming including the development of an Agriculture-Nutrition Strategy;

• Roll-out the nutrition financial tracking tool at national and county levels.

Financing tracking and resource mobilisationA nutrition costing tool is in place, and is used to provide cost estimates for nutri-tion-related actions. To enhance finan-cial tracking on nutrition, a tool has been developed, and cost-benefit and nutrition financial tracking analyses analysis have been completed, with the latter having

taken place at the national level and in six counties so far. The financial tracking tool will be useful to monitor allocations for nutrition-sensitive interventions. A reduction in funding for nutrition has been seen, although emergency response funding has improved.

Ensuring a coherent policy and legal frameworkIn the past year, several nutrition-spe-cific and sensitive policies and guide-lines have been developed and reviewed through consultative processes. For example, the current reviewing of the National Nutrition Action Plan (NNAP) 2012-2017 will contribute to the develop-ment of the NNAP for 2018-2022. Aside from ongoing advocacy and support to the FNSB, the FNSP Implementation Framework, the 2016 Health Bill, and

a revised Agriculture Sector Develop-ment Strategy, is underway. Regulations for the Breast-milk Substitutes Act 2012 have been developed and will go through parliament. Furthermore, guidelines for nutrition champions on how to engage with parliamentarians have been devel-oped. Awareness-raising of a group of parliamentarians on nutrition has taken place, furthering the agenda in various parliamentary committees.

Aligning actions around a common results frameworkThe NNAP 2012-2017 is the common results framework (CRF) for the govern-ment and partners. However, the FNSP Implementation Framework is being developed to become the new CRF. Progress has been made in assessing the capacity to implement and achieve the goals of the current NNAP. A capacity

development framework and assessment tools for nutrition have been developed, which will contribute to CRF implemen-tation. Capacity assessments have been undertaken in eight counties. A landscape analysis has been completed to identify potential areas of collaboration with the private sectors.

KenyaJoined: August 2012Population: 47.24 million

Bringing people together into a shared space for actionDespite facing severe drought over the past year, progress has been made towards establishing high-level nutrition multi-stakeholder platforms (MSPs) at both national and county levels. There are plans to appoint SUN focal points to support activities at the county level. However, to ensure the rolling-out of MSP structures, there is a need for

continued advocacy for the endorsement of the Food and Nutrition Security Bill (FNSB) and the finalisation of the Food and Nutrition Security Policy (FNSP) Implementation Framework. The engage-ment of specialised stakeholders such as human rights groups and private sector alliances has increased, especially at the county level.



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Financing tracking and resource mobilisationThe Food Security and Nutrition Programme funding gap of 44.7 per cent prevails. There is no long-term, flexible resource mobilisation strategy in the country, although different financially sustainable mechanisms for nutrition interventions are being developed, on, for instance, vitamin mineral micronu-trient powder needs of children and iron supplement needs for pregnant women.

Although state budget expenditures are reported on and donors track their allo-cations, there are no financial obliga-tions from each stakeholder group. Since Kyrgyzstan joined the Eurasian Economic Community in 2014, the economic outlook of key food industry branches has signifi-cantly changed and a decrease in produc-tion levels and financing sustainability of planned interventions has been seen.

Ensuring a coherent policy and legal frameworkAn analysis of nutrition and food secu-rity-related programmes, strategies and policies is currently being undertaken. The draft 2017-2020 Strategy for the MSP – and accompanying action plan – is being finalised. Nutrition and food security has been incorporated into the 2018-2022 UN Development Assistance Framework,

whilst a legislative proposal aiming at ensuring healthy eating was adopted by Parliament in January 2017 and signed by President Atambayev on 25 February 2017. This has led to the expansion of the Food Security and Nutrition Coun-cil’s mandate and name to also include nutrition.

Aligning actions around a common results frameworkThe costed 2015-2017 Food Security and Nutrition Programme, a detailed action plan, serves as Kyrgyzstan’s common results framework (CRF). After an online consultation looking at the Food Secu-rity and Nutrition Programme in action, concrete findings and recommenda-tions were presented at a forum on food

security and nutrition, held 6 December 2016, to ensure more efficient imple-mentation and a stronger stakeholder engagement for its following phase (2018-2022). A monitoring and evalua-tion system aiming to routinely collect all nutrition-specific indicators is being developed.

• Coordinate and optimise stakeholders’ actions in relation to the common results framework;

• Ensure that nutrition is seen as a national priority for the attainment of the Sustainable Develop-ment Goals;

• Analyse the budgetary allocations for nutrition and ensure transparency;

• Engage leaders, in a bid to further expand the multi-sectoral platform;

• Step up work to ensure the multi-sectoral plat-form is fully operational.

KyrgyzstanJoined: December 2011Population: 5.87 million

Bringing people together into a shared space for actionKyrgyzstan’s multi-sectoral platform (MSP) has five autonomous networks in place, with leaders appointed in 2015-2016. Additionally, the Parliamentarian Network, established in 2016, demon-strates political commitment to scale up nutrition in Kyrgyzstan. On 20 June 2016, the MSP was formalised, by virtue of a memorandum of understanding between the Networks. Further decentralisation of this platform, however, is needed. An

Expert Group or Secretariat to serve as a coordination mechanism on food secu-rity and nutrition based at the Ministry of Agriculture, Food Industry and Melio-ration is in its final stages of develop-ment. An MSP website has been created, which is seen as useful for the exchange of information about ongoing SUN activ-ities, complementing regular MSP consul-tations, working groups and other nutri-tion-related meetings.



2017 total weighted

110

Financing tracking and resource mobilisationSeveral databases containing informa-tion on funding for nutrition-relevant programmes and their expenditure data are available within the Ministry of Plan-ning and line ministries for domestic and external resources. The persisting challenge to track, compile, and analyse financial information related to nutrition

still needs to be overcome. Efforts are ongoing to strengthen the process of the annual nutrition finance mapping exercise and institutionalise it. Future mapping aims to build on the existing expenditure reviews and to be expanded to include the private sector contributions.

Ensuring a coherent policy and legal frameworkIn 2016, the Ministry of Planning and Investment, with support from WFP, conducted a consultative review of food and nutrition security in Lao PDR investi-gating the strategic issues most important for achieving the Sustainable Develop-ment Goals. A Government-led taskforce and a Decree drafting group has been set up to work on strengthening the Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes with

the support of UNICEF, Alive & Thrive and Save the Children. The NNC Secretariat, with the support of development partners is developing a multi-sectoral Social and Behavioural Change Communication Stra-tegic Action Plan. The National Agricultural Forestry Research Institute (NAFRI) has led the finalisation of a policy brief on the role of the agriculture sector in promoting food security and nutrition in Lao PDR.

Aligning actions around a common results frameworkIn November 2016, a nutrition stakeholder and action mapping was carried out – an update of the 2015 mapping – to deter-mine the current situation regarding implementation of the 22 priority inter-ventions of the National Plan of Action for Nutrition (NPAN) 2016-2020. A new web-based salt iodisation monitoring system and interactive voice response

system for health outreach reporting are being implemented. The report formats are being developed for sectors and prov-inces to report on the progress towards the implementation of the NPAN. Prog-ress reporting and review is now included on the agenda of NNC Secretariat meet-ings and the annual National Nutrition Forum.

• Finalise the multi-sectoral Social and Behavioural Change Communication Strategic Action Plan;

• Revise and update the Code of Marketing of Breast-milk substitutes;

• Strengthening the nutrition information system.

Lao PDRJoined: April 2011Population: 6.66 million

Bringing people together into a shared space for actionThe Government, through the National Nutrition Committee (NNC) and its Secretariat, continue to coordinate and engage nutrition stakeholders through periodic meetings and high level events. The Second National Nutrition Forum was held in November 2016 with nutri-tion on the agenda of the High-Level Round Table Meeting. Provincial Nutri-tion Committees (PNC) have been set up in 14 provinces and PNC Secretariats

have been established in 13. The process to recruit PNC Secretariat facilitators has commenced. A task force comprising World Food Programme (WFP), Euro-pean Union, Population Services Inter-national and Save the Children was set up, to support the launch of the Lao SUN Business Network, for which a pre-launch event was hosted by the EU Delegation to Lao PDR in October 2016.



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111

LesothoJoined: July 2014Population: 2.17 million


2017 total weighted








Not available for 2014*Financing tracking and resource mobilisationTo date, there has not been systematic efforts to track finances and mobilise further resources for nutrition. Tracking financial investments, through the SUN 3-step approach, only captures nutri-tion-specific investments and due to the nature of Lesotho’s budget, is very difficult to ascertain investments in nutrition-sen-sitive activities. In the future, the FNCO may become an independent Ministry and thereby be able to develop a common

financial reporting format and consoli-date reports. Going forward, the African Union Nutrition Champion, King Letsie III, can help advocate for resources, the NEPAD nutrition fund can provide funding windows and more engagement is needed from the Ministry of Finance. One-off dona-tions are sought from local businesses and civil society organisations for specific events, but more support can be identified and public-private partnerships fostered.

Ensuring a coherent policy and legal frameworkThe drafting, review and validation of the National Nutrition Policy required the intensive scrutiny of other relevant policies to make sure it was holistic and adequately focused on nutrition-specific and nutrition-sensitive actions. All rele-vant stakeholders were part of its creation and regular impact evaluation reports

are produced to inform policy decisions. Complementary to this, National Nutrition Week in October will bring public recog-nition of the issue by featuring street nutrition status assessments, counselling, a nutrition champion festival and a foot-ball tournament in honour of the King.

Aligning actions around a common results frameworkLesotho does not yet have an official common results framework as yet, but its development is underway with the Food and Nutrition Coordination Office (FNCO) and REACH currently devel-oping a National Nutrition Strategic Plan. Private sector partners are supporting nutrition-specific interventions such as fortification, and UN agencies along with

NGOs are also providing support for nutrition-specific and sensitive interven-tions – by supporting multiple ministries on various activities. In response to the 2016 drought, a national coordination forum was conducted and common plan with clearly defined responsibilities and budget was developed.

• Develop a functioning SUN multi-stakeholder platform;

• Strengthen the capacity for scaling up nutrition with clear financial frameworks;

• Prioritise nutrition-specific and sensitive interven-tions and their implementation (the 10 key nutri-tion interventions);

• Build an enabling environment through advocacy, communication and knowledge-sharing leading to strong legislation and coordination.

Bringing people together into a shared space for actionThe launch of the National Nutrition Policy in October 2016 and the Cost of Hunger in Africa study helped unite stakeholders, including the private sector, in Lesotho. Recent collaboration with the Ministries of Finance and Development Planning, along with awareness-raising on the creation of SUN Networks with civil society, businesses, UN agencies, academia, and the media, is aiding their

future establishment, with the support of REACH. A key challenge is that many stakeholders within the realm of nutri-tion-sensitive actions are yet to fully take on board nutrition actions. Going forward, more national advocacy is proposed, in collaboration with His Majesty King Letsie III, and further political commitment encouraged to ensure coordination struc-tures are funded and effective.


112

LiberiaJoined: February 2014Population: 4.50 million


Financing tracking and resource mobilisationThe Government of Liberia remains committed to tracking domestic and external resources mobilised for nutrition.

However, a costed multi-sectoral plan for nutrition is yet to be developed.

Ensuring a coherent policy and legal frameworkNutrition has been mainstreamed into policies concerning economic growth and development, poverty reduction, food and agriculture, health care, education and social development. The multi-sectoral Food Security and Nutrition Strategy, developed in 2010, identifies the national priorities to be addressed to ensure food

security and good nutrition for all. The Ministry of Education continues working on developing a school health and nutri-tion strategy, with input from the devel-oping MSP. Overall, greater inter-ministe-rial collaboration on nutrition issues is a priority.

Aligning actions around a common results frameworkA common results framework (CRF) is yet to be defined. This means that sectors still have their own implementation frame-works and carry out separate reporting. A common reporting framework is in the process of being developed, alongside a Zero Hunger Strategic Plan. The MOH is

in the process of developing a multi-sec-toral national nutrition implementation plan, which includes both nutrition-spe-cific and nutrition-sensitive actions. This will include both medium and long-term implementation objectives and is expected to be finalised by early 2018.

• Set up the SUN Movement Secretariat and appoint a new SUN Focal Point;

• Establish the multi-stakeholder platform (MSP) and work towards having a common results framework (CRF) in place;

• Review and develop a national nutrition policy and multi-sectoral strategic plan by 2018;

• Scale up nutrition-sensitive interventions (essen-tial nutrition actions) to all parts of the country.

Bringing people together into a shared space for actionLiberia is still in the process of setting up the SUN Movement Secretariat and a new Government Focal Point is being appointed, at present. A multi-stake-holder platform (MSP) is in the process of being developed, however, work is ongoing to leverage political will for nutri-tion. Although the Nutrition Division of

the Ministry of Health (MOH) is convening stakeholders across sectors around nutri-tion issues, there is a need to involve more stakeholders, e.g. line ministries, civil society, and the private sector. Strength-ening of sub-national structures for nutri-tion will be prioritised, once national-level structures are in place.


2017 total weighted













113

Financing tracking and resource mobilisationThe PNAN III budget is currently being developed. HINA is harnessing findings from the budget allocation study for nutri-tion 2012-2015 to influence the 2019 budget. The ONN’s internal resources have doubled in recent years, but the Prime Minister has pledged to allocate more to nutrition at

the PNAN III launch event. In December 2016, the country secured nutrition funding pledges from the African Development Bank at the Madagascar Donor and Investor Conference in Paris. The Cost of Hunger study found that malnutrition was costing the country 14.5% of its GDP.

Ensuring a coherent policy and legal frameworkNutrition laws are in place, although not always respected. Nutrition is a key issue across many sectors such as agriculture, health, social welfare, education, and the environment, as reflected in policies for these five sectors as mention. These

documents will be revised shortly, to reflect findings of analyses concerning the inclusion of other sectors (such as WASH), ministries and Members of Parlia-ment in the National Nutrition Policy (PNN).

Aligning actions around a common results frameworkCommunities and the MSP were involved in revising the National Food and Nutrition Plan (PNAN) 2012-2015 and in the drafting of the third-generation plan, PNAN 2017-2021 (PNAN III) – which was launched by the President of the Republic in 2017 at a ceremony also attended by the Prime Minister. The PNAN III reflects outcomes

of an updated baseline analysis and NGO mapping exercise. A costed implementa-tion plan and a common results framework (CRF) are currently being developed. Civil society is involved in monitoring and eval-uation (M&E) groups at the regional level. The M&E system is functioning but needs to be scaled up across all regions.

• Revise the PNN, along with the implementation plan and M&E framework;

• Create the PNAN III budget and organise a donor conference to mobilise internal/external resources;

• Boost platform operationalisation and enhance members’ soft skills;

• Improve data management and create a national database;

• Strengthen researcher and private sector plat-forms at the technical, financial and operational levels.

MadagascarJoined: February 2012Population: 24.23 million

Bringing people together into a shared space for actionThe National Nutrition Office (ONN), the multi-sectoral platform (MSP) linked to the Office of the Prime Minister, is oper-ational at both national and regional levels and has undergone an institutional capacity assessment. Strengthening of the supervision of activities – by the National Nutrition Council – is needed. The WASH sector has recently come onboard, enabling a joint, mass aware-ness-raising rally. The Anjaramasoandro private sector platform and the Mikasa researchers’ platform, both launched in 2015, were officially made official in April and March 2017 respectively, while the UN network has just been launched.

Mikasa’s membership has risen from 10 to 70 members, and the network has established four research areas for 2017-2021. The HINA civil society network – the only decentralised network – focuses its advocacy on mobilising more resources and strengthening coordination and governance. It has recently launched a website and publishes regular newslet-ters. A champions’ network comprising artists and athletes, and a pool of nutri-tion-aware journalists, have also been launched. Efforts are ongoing to opera-tionalise and revitalise the platforms, to ensure structured discussions and forging closer ties.



2017 total weighted

114

MalawiJoined: March 2011Population: 17.57 million



2017 total weighted

Financing tracking and resource mobilisationThe Nutrition Resource Tracking System (NURTS) seeks to provide projec-tions for nutrition, resource gaps and financing by different sectors. However, a validation exercise of the function-ality of NURTS showed that less than fifty per cent of partners are reporting adequately (21 stakeholders in 2016). Despite these limitations, the NURTS

has been integrated into nutrition M&E systems. The Civil Society Organisation Nutrition Alliance (CSONA) tracks nutri-tion financing in Malawi towards Nutri-tion for Growth commitments. Malawi, through the Department of Nutrition, HIV and AIDS, is in the process of developing sustainable nutrition financing.

Ensuring a coherent policy and legal frameworkThe National Nutrition Policy & Strategic Plan has been reviewed and aligned with the Malawi Growth and Development Strategy III (MGDS III), which has redefined the National Nutrition Programme. Stake-holders have started aligning interventions to the Policy & Strategic Plan. A draft Food and Nutrition Bill has been developed, with consultation with different stakeholders taking place. The MSP has been consulted on the review and validation of key

policies and plans, including the Food and Nutrition Bill (awaiting Cabinet approval), as well as development of the moni-toring and evaluation (M&E) framework. Sector-specific policies and plans, espe-cially for agriculture, gender equality and climate change have also been reviewed, to ensure alignment with the MGDS III, the National Multi-Sectoral Nutrition Policy, the global nutrition agenda and Sustain-able Development Goals (SDGs).

Aligning actions around a common results frameworkA national Multi-Sectoral Nutrition M&E Framework has been developed and rolled out to districts. This framework guides all nutrition stakeholders in planning, moni-toring and reporting, and is aligned with both national and international goals and targets, e.g. the SDGs and World Health

Assembly (WHA) targets. Institutional arrangements and implementation frame-works define roles and responsibilities of various stakeholders in the coordination, implementation and monitoring of nutri-tion interventions.

• Finalise of the Food and Nutrition Bill;• Approve and launch the Multi-Sectoral National

Nutrition Policy and National Nutrition Strategic Plan;

• Finalise the Agriculture Sector Food and Nutrition Strategy;

• Review the nutrition research agenda.

Bringing people together into a shared space for actionMulti-sectoral platforms (MSPs) in Malawi are in place and functional at national, district and community levels. The Depart-ment of Nutrition, HIV and AIDS (DNHA) is the convening and coordinating institu-tion for nutrition and the secretariat for all MSPs. All key sectors are part of the MSP and contribute to development and review of policies and plans. Currently, in the review of the National Development Agenda, nutrition is coming out as a

stand-alone priority under other develop-ment areas. There is continuous engage-ment of the political leadership through the MSP, with high-level nutrition meet-ings and monitoring visits taken place with parliamentarians and Permanent Secre-taries. The First Lady of the Republic of Malawi, Dr Gertrude Mutharika, has been instrumental to increase the visibility and public awareness of nutrition.

115

Financing tracking and resource mobilisationA number of ministers participated in the launch of the ‘Cost of Hunger’ study, and their speeches were encouraging. Cost estimates have been undertaken for

the PAMN by intervention and by year. Funding sources have not, however, been clearly identified and resource mobilisa-tion strategies have not been defined.

Ensuring a coherent policy and legal frameworkThe mid-term review of the PAMN enabled the National Nutrition Policy to be updated. A common advocacy framework on nutrition is in the process of being drafted. With the support of the civil society organisations network,

several meetings aimed at promoting nutrition have taken place with the parlia-mentarian’s network. Efforts still need to be made on a national and decentralised level to ensure that legislation is opera-tionalised and implemented.

Aligning actions around a common results frameworkThe mid-term review of the PAMN, under-taken in 2016, revealed the constraints involved in implementing the plan, after which remedial actions are to be proposed and new directions to be established. In order to support the common results framework implementation, a nutrition situation analysis and mapping of stake-holders and key actions in nutrition have been undertaken. Measurable targets are set annually. The effects of the PAMN

and progress in its implementation were evaluated during the mid-term review, but further improvements in monitoring and evaluation should be made once an information system has been established. Advocacy for greater and more effec-tive coverage of nutrition programmes is taking place. There is a need to address capacity development to ensure plan implementation.

• Organise a roundtable event on PAMN resource mobilisation;

• Produce monitoring and evaluation frameworks for the PAMN and the Nutrition Coordination Unit;

• Establish a network for the academic and research sector and draw on the results;

• Establish national and regional coordination and communication platforms, along with sector workshops;

• Organise the 2014-2018 PAMN final evaluation and propose a new PAMN for 2019-2023.

MaliJoined: March 2011Population: 17.47 million

Bringing people together into a shared space for actionOne major achievement in 2016 was the establishment of the Nutrition Coordina-tion Unit as formal coordinating struc-ture. The different government sectors involved in the implementation of the Multi-Sectoral Nutrition Action Plan (PAMN) have a focal point. At the national level, the multi-sectoral platform (MSP) meets twice a year, through the Technical Inter-Sectoral Nutrition Committee, and once a year through the National Nutri-tion Council, bringing together ministers from different sectors. The focal points

and general secretaries of the sectoral departments do, however, need training on their roles and responsibilities. The decentralised coordination bodies are established and clearly defined in the National Nutrition Policy, but are not yet operational. The frameworks established in this Policy are the regional, local and commune-level steering, coordination and monitoring committees for develop-ment actions. The process of engaging the private sector is underway.



2017 total weighted





116

Financing tracking and resource mobilisationThe cost of nutrition-specific interven-tions is estimated at USD 76 million over the next 10 years and an anal-ysis of existing interventions will enable funding gaps to be identified. It has been esti-mated that a regular increase in public

funding to 45 per cent over 6 years (2017-2022) would be necessary to fund specific interventions. The com-pletion of the Cost of Hunger study is expected to assist in ensuring predictable funding over a number of years for nutrition.

Ensuring a coherent policy and legal frameworkThe completion of the 2016-2030 Accel-erated Growth and Shared Prosperity Initiative has enabled nutrition main-streaming to be analysed across different legislative texts. Nutrition is consid-ered in the new national health policy towards 2030 and in the 2017-2020 National Health Development Plan. The

implementation of pro-nutrition polit-ical and legal frameworks, particularly on salt iodisation and wheat flour fortifica-tion, remains a challenge. A roadmap for improving large-scale fortification and an implementing decree for the International Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Substi-tutes is being developed.

Aligning actions around a common results frameworkThe 2016-2025 Strategic Multi-Sectoral Nutrition Plan and common results frame-work is awaiting political validation. As a reference document for nutrition-re-lated interventions, it does not contain an action plan, but forms a policy frame-work for all actors involved. A planning workshop for implementation is sched-uled, to operationalise this Plan, priori-tising actions that contribute to nutrition and evaluating the actors’ implementing

capacity. In the longer term, annual prog-ress reviews will enable monitoring, in the absence of an adequate information system. The specific interventions in the common results framework will be oper-ationalised through scaling plans that are being produced on treating acute malnu-trition, promoting good feeding practices for infants and young children, combating the lack of micronutrients.

• Publicise and monitor implementation of Stra-tegic Multi-Sectoral Nutrition Plan and improve multi-sectoral coordination at national and decen-tralised level;

• Organise a planning workshop for the implemen-tation of the Strategic Multi-Sectoral Nutrition Plan;

• Continue analysing budget allocations for nutri-tion for 2017, using the SUN Movement budget tracking exercise.

MauritaniaJoined: May 2011Population: 4.18 million

Bringing people together into a shared space for actionThe National Nutrition Development Council (CNDN) and its technical standing committee, created in 2010, form the multi-sectoral and multi-stake-holder platform (MSP). A revision, per decree, is proposed, within the stra-tegic multi-sectoral plan on nutrition to improve the operations of this system. A coordination framework for nutrition is in place and functioning, for handling emergencies, chaired by the Ministry of Health. The CNDN is decentralised

in four regions albeit not operational. Strengthening of national and regional coordination is ongoing, through the establishment of common tools and revi-sion of the Decree creating the CNDN. The newly-established UN network will enable more systematic joint annual plan-ning and monitoring – in addition to the civil society network, which is very active. Support groups exist for parliamentarians and journalists, whilst donor and private sector commitment remains limited.



2017 total weighted

117

Financing tracking and resource mobilisationIt remains a major challenge to identify funds allocated specifically for nutrition. Only a few sectors are currently able to track amounts allocated for nutrition in national budgets. Overall financial tracking and transparency continues, as funds are channelled through the public

finance system (e-SISTAFE). Advocacy for longer-term resource allocation to scale up and expand nutrition activities is done on a continual basis. It is neces-sary to improve the provinces’ PAMRDC resource allocation.

Ensuring a coherent policy and legal frameworkNew laws, strategies and plans have been approved in the past year, including the provincial PAMRDC; a law on food forti-fication, as well as a food fortification strategy; a communication strategy for nutrition behaviour change; sectoral economic and social plans (PES) with nutrition components; and an operational

plan for agrarian development. Advocacy campaigns by civil society have targeted policy-makers to foster ownership and accountability, and to position nutrition as a key factor for the well-being, income and development of children, families, communities, and the country.

Aligning actions around a common results frameworkThe establishment of provincial technical working groups has resulted in the design and approval of provincial multi-sectoral nutrition plans, which complement the national level plan. The report of the annual indicator assessment of the imple-mentation of PAMRDC was submitted to the Council of Ministers. This year, the assessment was also carried out at the provincial level, thereby informing

provincial governments on the progress. A Mozambican delegation participated in the fourth African SANKALP Meeting on Investment, Innovation and Entrepreneur-ship in Nairobi. The delegation included people from SETSAN and various food commodity industries. The meeting highlighted the importance of working together to build a community for the promotion of nutrition.

• Advocate for the establishment of a high-level inter-ministerial governance mechanism for food and nutrition security – the National Council for Food and Nutrition Security (CONSAN) – to be positioned under the auspices of the Prime Minister;

• Further roll-out the PAMRDC at the district level, beyond the two provinces already completed;

• Ensure improved cost estimates and financial tracking for nutrition actions at central, provincial and district levels;

• Conduct a mid-term review of the PAMRDC and elaborate the National Food Security and Nutrition Strategy III (ESANIII).

MozambiqueJoined: August 2011Population: 28.01 million

Bringing people together into a shared space for actionThe multi-sectoral platform (MSP) for nutrition, convened by the Tech-nical Working Group of the 2010-2020 Programme for the Reduction of Chronic Undernutrition (GT-PAMRDC) through the Technical Secretariat for Food Secu-rity and Nutrition (SETSAN), has ensured capacity-building for provincial technical groups on the inclusion of nutrition into provincial and district economic plans. The PAMRDC is now decentralised to all

11 provinces, but it has proved challenging to ensure participation of all sectors at the district level. Two provinces have initiated this process. A SUN Business Network (SBN) kick-off meeting and consultative workshop was conducted with the partic-ipation of stakeholders from the private sector, donors, civil society, UN and the government. Civil Society Networks have been established in four provinces.



2017 total weighted

118

Financing tracking and resource mobilisationIn addition to the nutrition-specific section of the National Nutrition Agenda, nutrition components of the Ministry of Health’s recent new-born and child health strategy have been costed. However, the translation of costed plans into action with adequate budget decisions still demands effort. Although public expenditure reporting

systems exist within the Government, there are systemic difficulties in accessing the public expenditure data and devel-oping sectoral costings for nutrition. Plans are underway to coordinate the tracking and reporting of expenditures, and to link the external components with the national planning systems, under DACU.

Ensuring a coherent policy and legal frameworkA nutrition stocktaking exercise has reviewed all nutrition-relevant poli-cies and strategies at the national and sectoral level, identified 20 core nutri-tion actions, and examined their imple-mentation. These results will influence decision-making, with a high-level forum planned in late 2017. Advocacy efforts by the MSP have commenced, as part of

the stocktaking exercise, to fully align the Myanmar Agriculture Policy with national nutrition priorities. A technical working group has been established as the national body to put in place and oversee the national monitoring and enforcement system for the International Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes.

Aligning actions around a common results frameworkPlans are underway to update the National Nutrition Agenda – or the National Plan of Action for Food and Nutrition (NPAFN) 2011-2016, which serves as the national ministerial guide for strategies and action plans for mainstreaming nutrition into sectoral policies is planned. The Myanmar National Action Plan for Food and Nutri-tion Security (MNAPFNS) will be used as a reference to develop the new costed Multi-sectoral National Plan of Action for

Nutrition for the next five years, with the support of the the UN Network, Donor Network and SUN Civil Society Alli-ance. The stocktaking exercise revealed the need to address gaps in sectoral nutrition and food security information systems and reporting mechanisms. The 2015-2016 Myanmar Demographic and Health Survey (MDHS) was the first DHS conducted in the country and a detailed report was made available in March 2017.

• Develop and cost the national multi-sectoral plan for nutrition, and ensure endorsement at the highest level within the Government to enable alignment of policies and programmes;

• Mobilise external resources through the MSP and the high-level coordination committee under DACU;

• Continue advocacy for an increase of domestic allocations, reporting and tracking for nutrition.

MyanmarJoined: April 2013Population: 52.40 million

Bringing people together into a shared space for actionThe multi-stakeholder platform (MSP) in Myanmar holds quarterly meetings and has terms of reference and workplans in place since 2016. The MSP was expanded in 2016-2017, with new partners including the Livelihoods and Food Security Trust Fund (LIFT), the Three Millennium Devel-opment Goal (MDG3) Fund and the World Bank. Plans are in motion to engage the

private sector. In January 2017, a high-level inter-ministerial nutrition coordina-tion committee was created by the State Counsellor and mandated the convening body to report to the National Devel-opment Assistance Coordination Unit (DACU). Engagement with parliamen-tarians has begun at the national, in the State of Kayin and in the Magway region.



2017 total weighted

119

Financing tracking and resource mobilisationThe reduction in donor funding has increased the Government’s responsi-bility to mobilise resources, especially for HIV. NAFIN has a line item within the Ministry of Finance of N$ 300,000 annu-ally. Limitations in the financial resources

available and allocated to nutrition is agreed upon among government and partners. The costed Country Investment Plan is expected to support resource alignment by sectors and external stakeholders.

Ensuring a coherent policy and legal frameworkThe FNSP has been developed with inputs from various stakeholders and is awaiting validation. The revised policy has been aligned to international, regional, and national recommendations. The Cabinet approved the Namibia Zero Hunger Strat-egy and Roadmap, appointing the Minis-try of Poverty Eradication and Social Wel-fare to coordinate its implementation. The School Feeding Policy, National Drought Policy, and National Policy on Disaster

Risk Management are at varying stages of approval. In 2017, legislation on the for-tification of maize and pearl millet (mah-angu) was passed. Her Excellency Graça Machel, the child rights advocate, visited Namibia, resulting in increased attention on the nutrition of children, mothers, and adolescents. An advocacy booklet to sup-port parliamentarian engagement was developed and is planned to be launched in late 2017.

Aligning actions around a common results frameworkThe common results framework (CRF) under the Scaling Up Nutrition Country Implementation Plan (SUNCIP) was established and all nutrition actions by various actors thus aligned. The update of the SUNCIP is contingent upon the revi-sion of the FNSP. Planning and costing of nutrition activities took place at the start of the financial year for the Ministry of Health, Social Services and other line

ministries. All stakeholders, including line ministries, are mandated to provide quar-terly reports for the CRF, coordinated by NAFIN. Enforcement of regular reporting will be enhanced in order to strengthen accountability. The Food and Nutrition Security Monitoring reports compiled and produced bi-annually by the OPM provide valuable data on the status of food and nutrition security in the country.

• Strategic planning to define actions to be included in the common results framework (CRF);

• Engaging parliamentarians in legislative advo-cacy, budget oversight, and public outreach;

• Improving on the NAFIN functionality especially in its technical working groups. There is a need to build the capacity of members and for technical support to accelerate earlier gains.

NamibiaJoined: September 2011Population: 2.43 million

Bringing people together into a shared space for actionIn 2017, the Office of the Prime Minister (OPM) appointed an Inter-Agency Steering Committee to finalise the National Food and Nutrition Security Policy (FNSP) and revive the National Food Security and Nutrition Council. The

Council is chaired by the OPM, while the Namibia Alliance for Improved Nutrition (NAFIN) will serve as a technical partner to the Council to advocate for nutrition specific interventions.



2017 total weighted

120

Financing tracking and resource mobilisationA financial tracking system is in place, for which the NPC has been taking a lead role. The NPC also advocates for a nutrition budget coding system, which will facili-tate the tracking of budget allocations for nutrition. A costing assessment method is in place in the Ministry of Health,

which allows assessment of the financial status of nutrition-specific interventions (TABUCS: Transaction Accounting and Budget Control System). A common tool is used to prepare annual programme and budget (LMBIS: Line Ministry Budget Information System).

Ensuring a coherent policy and legal frameworkThe issue of malnutrition is clearly reflected in national policy documents including the National Health Policy 2014, the Government’s Periodic Plan (2016-2018), and the National Health Sector Strategy (2015-2020). Existing laws, regulations and policies relevant to nutri-tion include the 1997 Food Act, the 1970 Food Regulation, the 1998 Iodised Salt

Act, the 1992 Mother’s Milk Substitutes Act, the 1994 Mother’s Milk Substitutes Regulation, and the 1963 Breast Feeding Regulation. In 2016, the Government developed a costing framework “Costing of Gender Equality Instruments in Nepal” which is being implemented. The Golden 1,000 Days Public Awareness Campaign continued throughout 2016.

Aligning actions around a common results frameworkThe Multi-Sector Nutrition Plan (MNSP) 2013-2017 is the umbrella document which covers most of the nutrition rele-vant multi-sectoral policies and regu-lations. The MSNP helps sectors in mainstreaming nutrition issues. Joint monitoring by sectoral line ministries has been conducted at central and district levels, however, it needs to be strength-ened. The regular reporting system is in place – using a management information

system – and functions at national and sub-national level. As part of decentrali-sation efforts, nutrition and food security steering committees have been estab-lished at the district, village development committee, and municipal levels. The Nepal Nutrition and Food Security Portal was established in 2014 and is functional, although not fully utilised by sectors and in need of regular updating.

• Formulating, endorsing and launching the MSNP II;

• Creating implementation guidelines for the MSNP II (2018-2022);

• Enhancing the capacity of local bodies of the new federal structure to implement the MSNP II;

• Revising the National Nutrition Policy and Strategy 2004 to ensure alignment with the new federal structure of Government of Nepal and the MSNP II;

• Conducting a nutrition joint annual review (JAR) meeting at the national level in December 2017.

NepalJoined: May 2011Population: 28.66 million

Bringing people together into a shared space for actionIn 2012, the Government of Nepal formed the National Nutrition and Food Secu-rity Coordination Committee, chaired by Honourable Member of the National Planning Commission (NPC). Key respon-sibilities of this Committee include the development of national strategy and plan under the policy direction, guidance of the High-Level Nutrition and Food

Security Steering Committee (HLNFSSC), and provides guidance to sub-national committees. The involvement of civil society organisations in Nepal has been limited to the national level, particularly focusing on advocacy-related activities. No progress has been made regarding private sector engagement in nutrition.



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NigerJoined: February 2011Population: 19.90 million


2017 total weighted









Financing tracking and resource mobilisationCosts have already been estimated for nutrition-specific interventions in the operational plan, with the estimation process ongoing for nutrition-sensitive interventions. The inter-ministerial 3N Policy Committee monitors nutrition-re-lated funding, but no assessment has been made of funding sustainability or effectiveness, or of existing deficits. Since

2016, some national and international malnutrition funding has been diverted to emergency response activities. An oper-ational “profitability analysis” is currently underway to give partners and the Government greater incentive to allocate more funds and fast-track disbursement. There are also plans for a multi-year finan-cial forecast.

Ensuring a coherent policy and legal frameworkThe National Food Security Policy (PNSN) and its action plan – currently being final-ised under the auspices of a secretariat and specialist sectoral working groups – was developed in an inclusive, participa-tory manner. The PNSN includes creating a communication strategy and an advo-cacy plan, and REACH has begun work in this area. The PNSN also makes provisions for the adoption of existing breast-milk

substitute marketing guidelines. Efforts are ongoing to strengthen the law on food fortification. Finally, although the Economic and Social Development Plan 2017-2020 and the Action Plan for Rural Development 2016-2020 incorporate nutrition, the same rule of thumb does not apply systematically across other key sectoral policies and strategies.

Aligning actions around a common results frameworkThe PNSN multi-sectoral action plan has been converted into an operational plan, including a common results frame-work. Adoption of the “Convergence Communes” approach has fostered geographical, programmatic and opera-tional collaboration, revealing areas where

there is a need for capacity-strengthening and further Government funding. The operational plan includes assessing human resource capacities and to bring in institu-tional reform. Work has begun on creating a national nutrition information platform this year, which should be in place in 2018.

• Improve treatment of people with malnutrition;• Strengthen the food safety control system;

• Strengthen the national nutrition surveillance system and enhance evaluation of nutrition interventions;

• Mobilise resources for the PNSN strategic plan.

Bringing people together into a shared space for actionThe ‘Nigeriens Nourish Nigeriens (3N)’ initiative, led by a high commission attached to the Office of the President, now has multi-sectoral strategic steering committees. The 3N initiative has been subject to an institutional analysis in 2017, to identify what reforms are needed to inject fresh impetus into the “food security and nutrition” group. The forth-coming monitoring framework for the nutrition operational plan will strengthen

reporting and accountability across the board. At the decentralised levels, there are eight regional technical committees responsible for coordinating nutrition interventions, and 35 municipal coun-cils have received training on nutrition assessments and planning. The academic, civil society, private sector, UN and parlia-mentarian networks have appointed focal points, but their functioning needs to be improved.


122

Financing tracking and resource mobilisationThe State Governments of Kano, Kaduna, Gombe, Sokoto Bauchi have made financial commitments on to scale up nutrition and have redeemed their pledges. The engage-ment of a Parliamentarian, Senator Lanre Tejuoso, led to an increase in the budget for Health and Nutrition Emergency Response Project (HNERP). The budget allocation

for nutrition in the Federal Ministry of Health (FMOH) from 400 million Naira (USD 1.1 million) to 1.9 billion Naira (USD 5.3 million). The USD 350 million loan from the World Bank for a period of five years has triggered the mobilisation of additional resources from other sources such as the Dangote Foundation.

Ensuring a coherent policy and legal frameworkNational policies and plans have been developed through a consultative process of engaging partners. National advocacy and communication strategies have been developed and translated into the local language. The National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control (NAFDAC) regulates the Code of Marketing

of Breast-milk Substitutes. The Standards Organisation of Nigeria guide food manu-facturers and maintains sanctions for prod-ucts based on quality. The implementation of 18 weeks’ maternity leave for mothers was fast-tracked by the Ministry for Labour and Employment, following the Abuja Breastfeeding Declaration in 2016.

Aligning actions around a common results frameworkThe institutional structure for the coor-dination of policy implementation and individual stakeholder roles are identi-fied in the revised National Food and Nutrition Policy. The Ministry of Budget and National Planning (MBNP) commis-sioned a mapping of the nutrition stake-holders’ activities in-country, and the

CS-SUNN mapped actions of civil society associations. Efforts are being made to strengthen the nutrition surveillance system. Nutrition-relevant ministries, departments and agencies have annual work plans and have recruited nutrition desk officers.

• Develop a common narrative and joint statements to effectively influence policy-making in favour of gender equality;

• Promote the gender-responsive integration of nutrition into national policies and other related development actions among key stakeholders;

• Address gaps in financial reporting mechanisms, tracking audits and developing a comprehensive resource mobilisation strategy.

NigeriaJoined: November 2011Population: 181.18 million

Bringing people together into a shared space for actionThe National Committee on Food and Nutrition (NCFN) meet quarterly to review and align activities of relevant minis-tries, departments and agencies with the National Food and Nutrition Policy. The multi-stakeholder platform (MSP) brings together representatives from six SUN Networks including the Government, United Nations agencies, donors, the SUN Business Network – which was set up in 2016-2017 – Civil Society Scaling Up Nutrition in Nigeria (CS-SUNN) and

academia. The Office of the Vice Pres-ident, Ministers of the Federal Govern-ment and Governors of State Govern-ments (Kaduna and Kano) have been increasingly involved in nutrition-related issues in the country. While the networks have demonstrated the capacity to track and report on their own contributions and achievements, efforts are required to coordinate better and deliver effective results against agreed work plans.



2017 total weighted

123

Financing tracking and resource mobilisationThe Government of Pakistan’s alloca-tion of funds for nutrition programmes remained steady i.e. USD 2 billion in 2015-16 USD and 1.9 billion in 2016-17 – covering both nutrition-sensitive and specific programmes. Mid-term eval-uations of multi-sectoral programmes in Sindh and Balochistan are ongoing, which will provide information on future

programme needs. Financial tracking of public sector funding has been started, and a decentralised tracking system is being developed. In 2016-17, the CSA has launched a social media campaign entitled #InvestmentInNutrition, as part of advocacy to increase investments in nutrition.

Ensuring a coherent policy and legal frameworkIn 2016, the province of Khyber Pakh-tunkhwa established rules on the protec-tion of breastfeeding and child nutrition, while pieces of legislation are being under development in other provinces. Resolu-tions on universal salt iodisation have also

been approved by the provincial assem-blies of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Balochistan and Punjab. United Nations agencies are supporting the revision of the food fortifi-cation standards.

Aligning actions around a common results frameworkPakistan’s Multi-Sectoral Nutrition Strategy for 2018-2025 is being finalised. A health and nutrition dashboard has been created by the Ministry of Health Services, Regulation and Coordination; integrating programme data from the

provinces. Provincial multi-sectoral plans have been costed. A thematic working group was established to initiate the implementation of the Pakistan Business Engagement Strategy.

PakistanJoined: January 2013Population: 189.38 million

Bringing people together into a shared space for actionIn 2016-17, provincial steering committees and SUN Focal Points were nominated. A high-level task force on early childhood development was also established at the National Planning Commission. National and Provincial Fortification Alliances have been established, which makes another multi-sectoral platform (MSP) for nutrition. The World Bank created a

Multi Donor Trust Fund (MTDF) for Sindh and Punjab provinces with the aim to reduce stunting. In 2016-17, the SUN Civil Society Alliance (CSA) membership was expanded to include 129 civil society organisations. More than 45 universi-ties have joined the SUN Academia and Research Network.

• Finalise Pakistan’s Multi-Sectoral Nutrition Strategy;

• Approve the Federal Nutrition Programme (PC-1);• Promulgate legislation on food fortification in the

provinces;

• Prepare operational guidelines for the enforce-ment of breastfeeding laws;

• Develop a SUN advocacy and communication strategy.



2017 total weighted

124

Financing tracking and resource mobilisationThe funding for the National Nutrition Programme is allocated under the Public Investment Programme (PIP), through the Department of National Planning. Nutrition-relevant interventions, as part of the annual budget, are also allocated through the Department of Health. The

State allocations are complemented by the funds of external partners such as UNICEF, regarded as a key development partner since 2014. The Department of National Planning tracks the funds for implementation of nutrition interventions, through its monitoring system.

Ensuring a coherent policy and legal frameworkThe 2016-2026 National Nutrition Policy has been revised and developed by key governmental departments and sectors, in addition to several national and inter-national non-governmental organisations. A Nutrition Strategic Action Plan (SAP) is currently being drafted. The Infant and Young Child Feeding (IYCF) policy was developed to complement the 1977 Baby Feed Supplies (Control) Act, which

is currently being reviewed to incorpo-rate the International Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes. Other policies that support nutrition-sensitive inter-ventions include the 2015 Food Security Policy of the Department of Agriculture and Livestock and the 2015 Water, Sani-tation and Hygiene (WASH) Policy of the Department of National Planning and Monitoring.

Aligning actions around a common results frameworkThe 2016-2026 National Nutrition Policy is a multi-sectoral policy spearheaded by the core sectors of education, agri-culture and livestock, health, commu-nity development and national planning and monitoring. The nutrition section of the National Department of Health also works closely with the reproductive and sexual health, food safety, and WASH

sectors, and the National Broadcasting Commission through radio programmes and awareness-raising. The Nutrition Stra-tegic Action Plan (SAP) defined for the following five years to support the NNP, is in the process of being costed. The moni-toring and evaluation framework is struc-tured under each of the SAP objectives.

Papua New GuineaJoined: April 2016Population: 7.92 million

Bringing people together into a shared space for actionAn interim National Nutrition Committee, chaired by the Health Secretary and co-chaired by the Secretary of Depart-ment of National Planning and Moni-toring, has been established under the National Health Board within the National Department of Health. The interim committee enables better coordination by providing advisory support and guid-ance on the implementation of the 2016-2026 National Nutrition Policy (NNP) to

key sectors, and monitors the perfor-mance against the goals, objectives, and interventions in sector strategies and policies. The Nutrition Cluster meetings, co-chaired by the National Department of Health and UNICEF, bring together different sectors, development partners and other organisations (such as WHO, the World Bank, FAO and Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights).

• Cost the Strategic Action Plan and submitting funding proposals to the Department of National Planning and Monitoring;

• Improve capacity-building of health workers and strengthening the coordination of programmes at different levels in management of severe acute

malnutrition and integrated management of acute malnutrition;

• Implement comprehensive communication for behaviour change activities to promote best IYCF practices among mothers at the community level.



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Please note that the narrative on this page, since Papua New Guinea joined the SUN Movement in April 2016, is not based

on the Joint-Assessment Exercise, but a baseline study – which new SUN Movement members are asked to undertake.

125

PeruJoined: November 2010Population: 31.38 million


2017 total weighted








Not available for 2016*Financing tracking and resource mobilisationPublic investments into the prevention of anaemia and malnutrition increased in 2017. Budget programming and budget monitoring are carried out through a publicly available app, which comple-ments the monitoring of indicators and

outcomes of budget-related nutrition programmes. A multi-sectoral informa-tion repository that also looks at anemia and chronic child malnutrition has been put in place, which ensures progress reports and budget transfers.

Ensuring a coherent policy and legal frameworkThe policy framework is based on scien-tific evidence. Early childhood develop-ment policy guidelines, including effec-tive interventions for adequate nutrition, were published in July 2016. In 2017, the National Plan for the Reduction and Control of Anaemia and Childhood Malnu-trition for 2017-2021 was launched and

the MIDIS sectoral plans, aimed to ensure improved nutrition. Ensuring the topic of nutrition on the agendas of the President of the Republic, the Presidency of the Council of Ministers and the CIAS ensures it’s seen as a key development area and the revision of current regulations.

Aligning actions around a common results frameworkThe Government has established a series of chronic undernutrition targets for chil-dren under 5 years and anaemia in chil-dren under 36 months, as social policy priorities. The CIAS has agreed on multi-year regional goals as per the National Pact for the Reduction of Anaemia and Chronic Child Malnutrition. Each regional government agreed on the regional outcome goals, products and associ-ated services. The Ministry of Health

has approved the National Plan for the Prevention and Reduction of Anaemia, and, within this framework, MIDIS has developed its sector plan. The Stimulus Fund for Performance and Achievement of Social Results (FED) hones on children under 5 years nutrition, and have signed a financial support agreement with the European Union to strengthen work in the Amazon.

Bringing people together into a shared space for actionThe Inter-Ministerial Commission for Social Affairs (CIAS) is a multi-stake-holder platform (MSP) chaired by the Prime Minister with a Technical Secretariat at the Ministry of Development and Social Inclusion (MIDIS), which meets monthly – since August 2016. The CIAS has estab-lished good nutrition in childhood as a priority; adopts policy decisions on it and

implements actions. The Poverty Reduc-tion Roundtable, a public-private plat-form, monitors the status of children’s nutrition status and analyses the social cost associated. Platforms such as the Initiative against Child Malnutrition or the Child Investment Impulse Group contin-uously ensure advocacy and capaci-ty-building activities.

• Strengthen the prevention and reduction of anaemia and chronic child malnutrition;

• Positioning a multi-dimensional vision of malnu-trition, considering a food security approach and access to public services (with emphasis on safe water and sanitation);

• Strengthening capacities of sub-national bodies and accountability;

• Ensuring links between good nutrition and early childhood development in the design, implemen-tation and monitoring of interventions;

• Strengthening multi-sectoral, inter-governmental and public-private partnerships for the preven-tion and reduction of anaemia and chronic child malnutrition.


126

Financing tracking and resource mobilisationCostings are only available for supply-driven interventions, based on estimated total requirements. Individual agencies receive their budgets allocations as per their respective programmes forecast. A resource mobilisation strategy is being developed, envisaging the scaling up needs of the PPAN 2017-2022. Nutri-tion-specific and nutrition-sensitive

interventions are identified in the PPAN framework that can be used to categorise agency budgets and allocations that are to be sourced from the General Appro-priations Act (GAA). Likewise, UN devel-opment partners commit to mobilise resources, by aligning their respective country development plans with the priorities set forth under the PPAN.

Ensuring a coherent policy and legal frameworkThe National Plan of Action for Nutrition pursues policy adoption on two tracks: i.e. by legislation or through administra-tive issuances, such as Executive Orders, Administrative Orders, Memorandum Circulars. The priority pieces of legisla-tion to be worked on in near the future are on the protection of children from marketing of unhealthy food and bever-ages, the amendment to Presidential

Decree (PD) 1569 “Barangay Nutrition Scholar Program”, the institutionalisa-tion of the “First 1,000 Days” and devel-oping an Act to impose a 10 per cent value added tax (VAT) on fizzy drinks. An extension of maternity leave is being considered in Congress. The national advocacy and communication strategy will be completed by the end of 2017.

Aligning actions around a common results frameworkThe NNC Governing Board approved the 2017-22 Philippine Plan of Action for Nutrition in February 2017. The Governing Board also endorsed a draft Executive Order regarding the implementation of the PPAN for the President’s approval.

Decentralised structures have been estab-lished in the Philippines, through local nutrition committees that also formulate and implement their respective nutrition action plans. The PPAN’s monitoring and evaluation framework is being developed.

• Finalising and pursuing the PPAN implementation plan;

• Finalising the advocacy and communication strategy;

• Developing a resource mobilisation strategy.

PhilippinesJoined: May 2014Population: 101.72 million

Bringing people together into a shared space for actionThe National Nutrition Council’s (NNC) Governing Board and technical committee is the multi-sectoral and multi-stake-holder platform (MSP) and coordinating structure in the Philippines for nutrition, as per the 1987 Reorganization Act. To encourage private sector engagement, the President has appointed two private sector representatives to the NNC

Governing Board. The SUN Civil Society Alliance was also formally organised in 2017. The planning and approval process of the Philippines Plan of Action on Nutri-tion (PPAN) 2017-2022 has helped align sectors and stakeholders. The PPAN aims to contribute to the country’s long-term vision, dubbed “AmBisyon 2040”.



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127

RwandaJoined: December 2011Population: 11.63 million


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128

Financing tracking and resource mobilisationThe Government’s budget allocation level towards nutrition remains stable. Resources made available by donors is deemed satisfactory, with the involve-ment of new actors, particularly Spanish and Japanese development cooperation partners. The 12 sectoral action plans produced within the context of the PSMN

are all costed. The costs of nutrition-spe-cific and sensitive interventions have been identified. The Government and the civil society platform are continuing advocacy for an increase in allocated resources, using an advocacy guide created by civil society.

Ensuring a coherent policy and legal frameworkStudies have been conducted into the political evolution and political economy of nutrition, in the context of creating an investment framework for nutrition. An assessment of the legal, regulatory and institutional frameworks for nutrition and food security has been conducted.

Various updates have taken place concerned the policy framework. Poli-cies, norms and protocols for reproduc-tive health and child survival were final-ised in 2016. Discussions are underway to strengthen legislation on the marketing of breast-milk substitutes.

Aligning actions around a common results frameworkThe Strategic Multi-Sectoral Nutri-tion Plan (PSMN) was finalised in 2016, following a participatory and inclusive process. Locally-elected officials have been involved in the process of producing

the (PSMN). 12 sectoral action plans, to guide the implementation and role of actors, have been produced, with the support of UN agencies, donors, and civil society representatives.

• Strengthen the State budget line; • Improve budget tracking at the sectoral level and

at the level of other stakeholders;

• Produce communication, monitoring and evalu-ation, and resource mobilisation plans to enable the operalisation of the PSMN.

SenegalJoined: June 2011Population: 14.98 million

Bringing people together into a shared space for actionAn institutional analysis of the Fighting Malnutrition Unit (CLM) has been conducted, as part of the evaluation of the institutional and organisational capacities of the nutrition sector in Senegal. Consid-eration is being given to revising the CLM mandate. The CLM makes regular monitoring visits to the field and prog-ress reports are produced regularly. The CLM regional monitoring committees are up and running. 10 of the 14 existing civil society platforms have now been decen-tralised. A meeting of the government platform, four statutory meetings of the

civil society platform and three meetings of the donor/UN platform have taken place over the reporting period. Discussions with the media, the private sector and academia have been held, with key actors from these groups helping to produce action plans for their respective sectors. A parliamentarian network for improved nutrition has been established, which has already participated in an advocacy session on nutrition, during Senegal’s 12th Parliamentary Session in April 2017, and during the awareness-raising day “United for Nutrition”, held in June 2016.



2017 total weighted

129

Financing tracking and resource mobilisationSince the NFNSIP 2013-2017 was costed, there have been no gaps identified, nor has there been a coordinated mobilisation of funds. Budget tracking for nutrition is ongoing, however, it only targets govern-ment expenditures of eight line ministries. Donors track their allocations individually,

but not in a coordinated manner. The new NFNSIP 2018-2022 will identify priorities and funding gaps. There is ongoing advo-cacy to the Government and partners in a bid to transform commitments into allo-cations and actual expenditures.

Ensuring a coherent policy and legal frameworkThe Government is committed to addressing food and nutrition crisis prevention and management through poli-cies and plans, which, in turn, contribute to resilience-building for the most vulner-able population. The main policy drivers are: 1) The National Sustainable Agricul-tural Development plan (NSADP) 2010; 2) The National Food and Nutrition Security Implementation Plan (NFNSIP) 2013-2017); 3) The CAADP National Investment Plan; 4) The draft Inclusive Comprehensive Agriculture Development Programme (2016-2020); and 5) The Agenda for Prosperity (A4P, 2013-2018).

In view of this, the National Resilience Priorities (NRP) document was devel-oped with the support of the MSP and launched in April 2017 by the Minister of Agriculture Forestry and Food Security. A Code Committee has been established to support the parliament and the Ministry of Health and Sanitation accelerate the endorsement of the International Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes. In 2016, Sierra Leone became the sixth country in Africa to launch Food-Based Dietary Guidelines for Healthy Eating. Members of parliament have been sensi-tised on the importance of nutrition.

Aligning actions around a common results frameworkThe planned mid-term review of the common results framework (CRF), i.e. the NFNSIP 2013-2017, has been delayed due to the Ebola response. However, a final review is planned for in 2017 which will result in a new NFNSIP 2018-2022 and an

updated CRF. REACH is set to return to Sierra Leone and will facilitate this review process. The United Nations Development Assistance Framework (UNDAF) remains aligned with the NFNSIP and A4P, as well as the Presidential Recovery Plan.

Sierra LeoneJoined: January 2012Population: 7.24 million

Bringing people together into a shared space for actionThe Office of the Vice President hosts the SUN Secretariat, which convenes meetings of the multi-stakeholder plat-form (MSP) on a regular basis. MSP struc-tures are rolled out at the district level, and, despite challenges including limited resources and lacking participation of MSP partners, district councils coordi-nate food and nutrition security activities.

Terms of reference have been developed for the UN Network for SUN and the SUN Donor Network. SUN Donor Network participation, including alignment of priorities, needs to be strengthened. The private sector needs further mobilisation on the importance of nutrition. Mean-while, the SUN Civil Society Network is well established at the district level.

• Strengthen the national coordination mechanism and nutrition governance;

• Increase the commitment of policy-makers, policy advisors, and programme designers to

give nutrition a high priority on the political and national development agendas;

• Organise a National Nutrition Fair in November 2017.



2017 total weighted

130

Financing tracking and resource mobilisationThe Nutrition Action Plan and Health Strategic Plan are costed, with the latter capturing nutrition components. In the National Development Plan, the health chapter has been costed, whilst the Somali Humanitarian Plan consolidates all cost-ings of humanitarian projects, across sectors, and all proposals are nutrition-sen-sitive. A huge tranche of funding is chan-nelled through the UN and NGOs, and

implementing partners report to their respective donors, including UNICEF, WFP, and FAO. Some NGOs receive funds directly from big donors or raise funds through their networks. The Who, What, Where and When (4W) Matrix – which generates prod-ucts such as maps and tables of achieve-ments is regularly updated, and geotag-ging of nutrition facilities was completed in the first quarter of 2017.

Ensuring a coherent policy and legal frameworkNutrition indicators at the impact and outcome level have been added and approved. A desk review for strength-ening the integration of nutrition in health has been conducted. A nutrition cluster advocacy and communication strategy is under development, early advocacy at the central level has led ministerial strat-egies to make commitments to nutrition. The health sector has established policies and strategies including a Health Sector Strategic Plan, a Costed Nutrition Plan of Action, and strategies on micronutrients, IYCF, and nutrition. A code of conduct for

the marketing of breast-milk substitutes is nearly finalised nationally, and the Punt-land MSP has presented its SUN policy to platform members, including line minis-tries. An action plan for the Nutrition Strategy for Health has been operation-alised. Nutrition, food security, and WASH clusters (national and zonal) are serving as a mechanism to put into force human-itarian response policies and strategies. Monitoring reports are done by all imple-menting partners. FSNAU reports serve as an important platform for monitoring and conducting surveys.

Aligning actions around a common results frameworkIn the development of a costed common result framework (CRF), consulta-tive discussions have been held. The

Maximizing the Quality of Scaling Up Nutrition project (MQSUN) and WHO are supporting this ongoing development.

SomaliaJoined: June 2014Population: 13.91 million

Bringing people together into a shared space for actionThe Nutrition Cluster meets on a quar-terly basis, with SUN focal points, while the health sector coordinates with its Health Advisory Board – including Minis-ters of Health – and discusses nutrition. Infant and young child feeding (IYCF), and implementation, monitoring and accountability working groups are also active. There is great interest at the State levels to form multi-stakeholder plat-forms (MSPsW) in Jubaland, South West

Administration and Galmudug State. In Puntland, the MSP is functional, with 10 ministries coordinating nutrition. Nutri-tion is a priority area in the 2017-2019 the National Development Plan (NDP), with the Government having advocated for a chapter on nutrition with indicators. A stakeholder analysis, policy review and a strategy to integrate nutrition into other sectors have been completed and are in the process of dissemination.



2017 total weighted





• Finalising the development of the CRF; • Bridging the development-humanitarian gap:

• Developing a 1,000 critical days programme.

131

Ensuring a coherent policy and legal frameworkNutrition-relevant legislation has not as yet been put in place in South Sudan, although the Nutrition Department at the Ministry of Health and members of the Nutrition Cluster – comprising the Government, UN and civil society – have been working closely to develop regula-tions and guidelines. The development of the Food and Nutrition Policy is underway, as reviews are ongoing. Guidelines on

Community Management of Acute Malnu-trition (CMAM) and Maternal Infant and Young Child Nutrition (MIYCN) have been endorsed by the Ministry of Health and are being rolled-out, with impact monitoring underway. However, a Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes and other legal frameworks are yet to be developed and put into force.

Aligning actions around a common results frameworkThe Ministry of Health is integrating nutri-tion into health sector guidelines, strat-egies and policies. Key nutrition activ-ities and partner mappings are carried out in collaboration with the Nutrition

Cluster. The Ministry of Health – in consul-tation with stakeholders – have, in the reporting period, developed an annual nutrition work plan, and joint monitoring mechanism.

• Finalise the Food and Nutrition Policy by June 2018 as well as disseminate the CMAM guidelines and MIYCN guidelines and strategy;

• Maximise the engagement of the multi-sectoral platform for the SUN Movement;

• Ensure advocacy, especially within the realms of resource mobilisation and financial tracking;

• Build capacity of platform members to track progress on SUN-related outputs;

• Advocacy and resource mobilisation to conduct a comprehensive nutrition baseline survey.

South Sudan Joined: June 2013Population: 11.88 million

Bringing people together into a shared space for actionSouth Sudan is still in the midst of a human-itarian crisis, driven by three years of a civil war. In 2017, over 5.5 million people are facing extreme hunger. The Govern-ment of South Sudan is committed to scaling up nutrition, with the multi-stake-holder platform (MSP), established in 2015, being revitalised in June 2016. The SUN Civil Society Platform was set up in 2017. The Donor Network is yet to be

established. Expansion of the MSP is planned to also include nutrition-relevant line ministries and sectors, as, currently, SUN activities only fall under the Ministry of Health. Plans are underway to further involve the heads of United Nations and civil society organisations in the SUN Movement activities in South Sudan, in support of the South Sudan SUN Move-ment a shortterm workplan.



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Financing tracking and resource mobilisationNo progress has been documented in the reporting period due to the ongoing conflict.

132

Financing tracking and resource mobilisationThe MsAPN has been costed, however, it was found to be unclear regarding stake-holders’ contributions, which means this element will be scaled up for the next iter-ation of the MsAPN. A nutrition budget line was introduced in 2015 and continued

annually with new allocations made towards promoting nutrition. More than 95 per cent of funding comes from the State, whilst the UN supports in filling financial gaps. However, civil society organisations are at risk due to lack of funding.

Ensuring a coherent policy and legal frameworkThe 2013-2016 Multi-Sectoral Action Plan on Nutrition (MsAPN), which accompa-nies the National Nutrition Policy is being implemented by all 16 line ministries, nine provincial authorities and 25 districts. This Plan is monitored regularly, through national and regional-level progress review meetings and contributions from the multi-sectoral platform. This Plan is in the process of being updated to cover

the years 2017-2020. A national stra-tegic review on food security and nutri-tion towards Zero Hunger was launched 13 February 2017, to identify gaps and push policies to achieve SDG 2 by 2030. The Ministry of Health is carrying out a review of the nutrition policies in Sri Lanka, following reviews of the National Nutrition Policy by the SUN Civil Society Network (2016) and UNICEF (2015).

Aligning actions around a common results frameworkThe country’s common results frame-work (CRF) monitors the MsAPN and is reviewed on a quarterly basis by the National Nutrition Secretariat, which was set up to enhance the coordination capacity and support the CRF in Sri Lanka. Additionally, the MsAPN is also reviewed in the provinces, districts and divisions every two months. An information system aiming to identify nutritionally at-risk households has been put in place as a

continuous process and implemented by the National Nutrition Secretariat. So far, information from all sectors has been collected for over 150,000 children and pregnant women. Within the Ministry of Health, a national nutrition surveillance system was revamped in March 2017 to collect macro-level data. The Ministry of Education has established a school nutri-tion database, which gathers nutrition-re-lated data of children in school.

Sri LankaJoined: October 2012Population: 20.71 million

Bringing people together into a shared space for actionThe National Nutrition Council (NNC) – Sri Lanka’s multi-sectoral platform – has been extended to include 16 ministries, in addition to UN and Civil Society Networks in 2017. Since its creation, the NCC has been chaired by President Sirisena, reflecting a high level of political commit-ment to nutrition, regardless of changes in administration. Platform activities are

integrated into the national development planning mechanisms and monitored annually through a reporting mechanism established in March 2016 strengthened by the Multi-Sectoral Action Plan on Nutrition (MsAPN) 2017-2020. The plat-form is currently exploring the establish-ment of a Business Network to encourage public-private partnerships on nutrition.

• Strengthening of monitoring and evaluation of the MsAPN;

• Establishment of Donor and Business Networks and strengthening the UN Network;

• Targeting of at risk households and individuals through results-based nutrition interventions.



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133

Financing tracking and resource mobilisationTo scale up the coverage of suggested nutrition interventions to 90 per cent, an investment case was launched in August 2016. This was costed at an average of USD 524 million per year, of which esti-mates of current government contribu-tions were at USD 83 million per year, with USD 118 million per year coming from

development partners, leaving a USD 323 million funding gap. The NCCW have expressed interest in hosting a pool fund and being responsible for data collection, analysis and reporting, although capacity limitations and technical issues in managing nutrition-sensitive and specific programmes remain.

Ensuring a coherent policy and legal frameworkThe national nutrition strategy response paper for the Second International Conference on Nutrition (ICN2) recog-nises malnutrition as the single most important threat to health – limiting education achievements and opportuni-ties for economic development. Despite efforts of various sectors, a huge gap remains between the coverage of basic services and actual needs of the targeted population. Sudan aims to address these

factors by effectively engaging, through institutions responsible for the alignment of policies and legislation on the Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes and maternity protection. The National Council for Food Security and Nutrition has been mandated to decentralise. The National Council for Child Welfare (NCCW) has been given the authority to ensure the implementation of programmes and the enforcement of legislations.

Aligning actions around a common results frameworkThe 2014-2025 National Nutrition Stra-tegic Plan (NNSP) brings together stake-holders and recognises the contribu-tion of good nutrition to the health and development of children. A multi-sectoral nutrition situation analysis is being carried out, as humanitarian response plans for

the past three years have been multi-sec-toral in terms of joint planning and imple-mentation. A Joint Resilience Project will inform planning and implementation in both humanitarian and development contexts, after its evaluation.

SudanJoined: October 2015Population: 38.65 million

Bringing people together into a shared space for actionSudan has strong mechanisms in place for scaling up nutrition. The established multi-sectoral platform (MSP) for nutrition includes the Higher Council of Food Secu-rity and Nutrition, which convenes 13 line ministries, whilst the National Nutrition Programme Office (NNP) of the Ministry of Health is responsible for coordination and reports to the President through the

Vice-President and the National Nutri-tion Committee (NNC). The NCC engages with stakeholders including the private sector, civil society, UN agencies, devel-opment partners and academia. Sudan has developed advocacy tools and a decentralisation plan to districts, comple-mented by district and community-level coordination structures.

• Advocate for activities to influence political and economic decision-makers;

• Support the Sudanese health sector in imple-menting actions to prevent malnutrition;

• Increase the mobilisation of resources and initia-tives on food security.



2017 total weighted

















134

SwazilandJoined: November 2013Population: 1.32 million


2017 total weighted
















Not available for 2014* Financing tracking and resource mobilisation




135

Financing tracking and resource mobilisationTajikistan has taken part in the SUN Movement Budget Analysis Exercise, using the 3-step approach, with results available for the 2014, 2015 and 2016 budget. Future analysis will include donor contributions. The Ministry of Health and Social Protection and the Ministry of Finance have stepped up collabora-tion on the budget allocation process. In

2016, the Ministry of Health and Social Protection embarked on an exercise to define and cost essential reproductive, maternal, neonatal, child and adolescent health and nutrition services package, which will contribute to an improved better understanding of costed estima-tions of nutrition-related actions (mostly nutrition-specific interventions).

Ensuring a coherent policy and legal frameworkEffective implementation of laws and policies still remains a challenge. For the enforcement of the universal salt iodi-sation initiative, a situation analysis was conducted in 2016 and included a review of legal barriers that prevents inspection agencies from regularly monitoring and controlling small businesses in this regard. Policy-makers have shown increasing interest in addressing food fortification issues including flour fortification and

salt iodisation. In 2017, a new working group on micronutrient deficiencies was created under the Council of Food Safety (chaired by the Deputy Prime Minister). This working group is mandated to review and amend the existing fortifica-tion law, which did not pass in 2016, into a law on the prevention of micronutrient deficiencies, through food fortification approaches.

Aligning actions around a common results frameworkThe first draft of Tajikistan’s multi-sec-toral common results framework (CRF) was presented in July 2017, at the National Nutrition Forum. The next step is to elaborate the CRF, once finalised, into a detailed multi-sectoral plan of action which will outline sectoral targets,

national and sub-national implementation plans, governance, accountability and coordination mechanisms, and financing mechanisms for tracking and reporting on on-budget and off-budget funds for nutrition, in addition to capacity strength-ening components.

• Elaborate the CRF into a detailed, costed multi-sectoral plan of action for nutrition – with CRF targets fully integrated into sectoral plans and policies;

• Develop a multi-sectoral plan of action, with sector-specific

implementation plans at the national and sub-national level;

• Emphasise governance, account-ability, management and coordi-nation mechanisms;

• Improve financing sources and mechanisms, in addition

to tracking and reporting on on-budget and off-budget funds for nutrition;

• Ensuring capacity development, a monitoring and evaluation frame-work and costing of the overall plan, and its components.

TajikistanJoined: September 2013Population: 8.55 million

Bringing people together into a shared space for actionIn 2016-2017, the Government of Tajiki-stan amended the terms of reference and membership of it multi-sectoral platform (MSP) and technical working groups. These changes include the addition of important sectors and new stakeholders, as well as a separation between the SUN multi-sectoral platform functions and

the school-feeding programme. The 2nd National Nutrition Forum took place in July 2017, which brought together more than one hundred national and interna-tional partners and practitioners, repre-senting stakeholders from the Govern-ment, research institutions, donors, UN agencies and civil society.



2017 total weighted





136

Financing tracking and resource mobilisationAlthough progress has been made in tracking nutrition allocations and expen-ditures in 2016-2017, the mechanisms need strengthening. The overall area of public financing and managing nutri-tion results in Tanzania is weak, and thus requires capacity development and systems strengthening. There is also a

need to develop the capacity and systems for social audits and accountability. Furthermore, a second public expendi-ture review will take place in 2017, and a resource mobilisation working group has been established to develop and monitor the NMNAP Strategy (2016-2021).

Ensuring a coherent policy and legal frameworkThe adoption of the NMNAP is the most successful policy and strategic action, despite the delay in the Food and Nutri-tion Policy’s completion, which is currently awaiting Cabinet approval. 2016 ushered in the fifth phase of the Government and a new Parliament, and PANITA mobilised the support of parliamentarians for the NMAP in April-June 2017. The Govern-ment has issued an updated circular on

budget guidelines, requiring councils to increase their annual nutrition funding for children under-5. The Vice President has been nominated as a nutrition champion and the Minister of Finance and Plan-ning announced in October 2016 that the Government will invest USD 115 million out of the USD 268 million required for the NMNAP, motivating donors to collaborate.

Aligning actions around a common results frameworkA key achievement has been the devel-opment and adoption of a multi-stake-holder and multi-sectoral common results, resources, and accountability Framework (CRRAF) to measure prog-ress of the implementation of the NMNAP. Challenges remain in ensuring stake-holders align their monitoring frameworks

with the CRRAF and report annually at the joint multi-sectoral reviews. During this process, the SUN checklist for quality national nutrition plans was used and the NMNAP meets all criteria. In 2017, malnu-trition has been included in the health information system weekly reports.

• Hold the fourth joint multi-sectoral review in September 2017 and finalise multi-sectoral coor-dinating structures;

• Ensure follow-up on the approval of the revised Food and Nutrition Policy;

• Strengthen the implementation and document enforcement of nutrition-relevant legislation;

• Develop a strategy linking nutrition with environ-ment and climate change;

• Operationalise the NMNAP’s Monitoring, Evalua-tion, Accountability and Learning (MEAL) system;

• Develop a resource mobilisation strategy for the NMNAP.

TanzaniaJoined: June 2011Population: 53.88 million

Bringing people together into a shared space for actionThe formulation of the National Multi-Sectoral Nutrition Action Plan (NMNAP) 2016-2021 brought together all actors, and its launch on 6 September 2017, presided over by the Prime Minister, was attended by a record number of Permanent Secretaries. The development of a nutrition scorecard, annual regional planning and budgeting sessions, the review of supervision tools, bottleneck analysis for regional secretariats and local

government authorities, and the training of national trainers on Mkoba wa Siku 1000 (influencing positive behaviours for better maternal and child nutrition) has fostered joint action. Additionally, the SUN Business Network is engaging with over 90 businesses and the Partnership for Nutrition in Tanzania is collaborating with the Parliamentarian Group on Food Security, Nutrition and Children’s Rights.



2017 total weighted

137

Financing tracking and resource mobilisationA nutrition intervention mapping exercise is currently being conducted to assess additional funding needs. The budget analysis exercise, which began in 2014, continued in 2016 with technical assis-tance from a consultant. There are still

no clear nutrition-specific budget lines in sectoral ministries’ budgets. Terms of reference have been produced for tech-nical and financial support during the development of this multi-sectoral stra-tegic plan for nutrition.

Ensuring a coherent policy and legal frameworkFollowing the evaluation of the food and nutrition policy and the National Strategic Plan for Food and Nutrition 2012-2015, the terms of reference for the creation of a new policy and a new stra-tegic plan for nutrition (both multi-sec-toral in nature) have been made available. The new National Investment Programme for Agriculture and Food and Nutrition

Security (PNIASAN) is also under devel-opment. The Government has adopted the new National Health Development Plan (PNDS) 2016-2022, which includes nutrition. Several laws relating to nutrition have been adopted or are currently going through the approval process, including the Order on salt iodisation and food fortification.

Aligning actions around a common results frameworkInitial contact has been made with MQSUN+, to assist with the develop-ment of the multi-sectoral strategic plan for nutrition and its common results

framework. The planning arrangements contained in the various sectoral plans are currently being revised.

• Hold an information and discussion meeting about strengthening nutrition in Togo in 2017, with support from UNICEF Togo and other partners, during the visit of the Regional Advisor on Nutrition for the West and Central Africa Regional Office;

• Involve secretary-generals of sectoral minis-tries involved in nutrition, diplomatic service

representatives, Members of Parliament, NGOs and civil society, universities and the private sector in advocacy efforts to raise awareness about nutrition in Togo amongst stakeholders and decision-makers;

• Agree on the need for a nutrition governance struc-ture and institutional anchoring of this structure.

TogoJoined: March 2014Population: 7.42 million

Bringing people together into a shared space for actionThe Decree establishing the multi-sec-toral platform (MSP) is being adopted. However, several platform members have already been officially appointed. The three ministries – Ministry of Grassroots Development, Crafts and Youth Employ-ment, Ministry of Trade, Industry and Private Sector Promotion, and Ministry of Primary and Secondary Education and Vocational Training – are involved in the MSP, for the first time. United Nations

agencies, donors, the private sector and civil society organisations attend plat-form meetings, which are held regularly but not frequently enough because of a lack of funds. The platform’s roadmap, including a list of key actions, and the UN Network’s workplan have been created. Two parliamentary groups address the question of nutrition – one from a health standpoint and the other from the perspective of food security.



2017 total weighted





138

Financing tracking and resource mobilisationCosted sectoral plans for the implemen-tation of the UNAP are in place, however, they need further analysis to identify funding gaps for interventions. The Minister of Finance, amongst others, have been informed of on-budget and off-budget nutrition financing, however, donors and

development partners track their spending independently, without sharing their find-ings annually with the MSP. Although the UNAP is costed, funding sources are unclear, which renders the process of building a coordinated mechanism for multi-year funding the more important.

Ensuring a coherent policy and legal frameworkThe Strategic Review of Sustainable Devel-opment Goal (SDG) 2, undertaken by the National Planning Authority, has relied on the involvement of the MSP. This review anal-ysed Uganda’s preparedness in achieving the Goal and its targets and uncovered the extent to which policies, legal frameworks, and institutions address nutrition. Gaps and recommendations of interventions to attain SDG 2 have been identified. A focus of 2017

has been to ensure adequate technical capacity and resources in the develop-ment of a multi-sectoral nutrition security policy. This policy, as coordinated by the Office of the Prime Minister, is in the final stages of development. The enforcement of mandatory food fortification remains weak and existing regulations on the code of marketing breast-milk substitutes is not fully operational.

Aligning actions around a common results frameworkThe multi-sectoral nutrition plan is nearly completed, with most stakeholders having aligned their actions with the UNAP and second National Development Plan (NDP II). The country’s operational common results framework is the UNAP, as it spells out the roles of all stake-holders, defines the long-term objectives,

the implementation process, and the coordination mechanism. The Ministries of Health, Gender, Labour and Social Development, and Agriculture Animal Industry and Fisheries have interventions designed based on the sectoral polices of the NDPII implementation strategy.

• Improve data use and evidence for nutrition programming;

• Enhance multi-sectoral and multi-stakeholder dialogue;

• Develop a resource mobilisation strategy to address nutrition financing gaps.

UgandaJoined: March 2011Population: 40.14 million

Bringing people together into a shared space for actionUganda’s multi-sectoral platform (MSP) meets regularly, convened by the Office of the Prime Minister. In 2017, annual work-plans for the 2011-2016 Uganda Nutrition Action Plan (UNAP) – which has been extended by a year to ensure continuity – were developed to ensure improved coordination. During the reporting period, a parliamentary forum on nutrition was formed and oriented on nutrition program-ming, resulting in a productive nutrition parliamentary debate. A Nutrition Devel-opment and Donor Partner Group (NDPG)

has been set up, with an agreed workplan in place. The MSP membership has, during the reporting period, expanded at both national and district levels, with the inclusion of stakeholders such as the trade industry and water departments at the local govern-mental level. At the district level, there are 10 approved multi-sectoral nutrition action plans, with 45 remaining in draft form. 10 districts have also developed nutrition advocacy plans. The reporting mechanism within districts is not fully developed, but efforts to address this are underway.



2017 total weighted





139

Financing tracking and resource mobilisationThe NPAN 2017-2025 has been costed, with support from UNICEF and the SUN Movement Secretariat. Challenges remain in building the ownership of non-health sectors to track and report on the resources mobilised for nutrition. Although there is no long-term resource mobilisation strategy for nutrition, gaps have been identified and resources have

been mobilised at national and sub-na-tional levels. With funds from external partners declining, contributions from the private sector present certain challenges due to conflict of interest – as donations are often made in the form of cooperation between dairy companies and govern-mental health agencies.

Ensuring a coherent policy and legal frameworkThe Advertisement Law enforced by Decree 100/2014 on marketing of breast-milk substitutes (BMS) has been dissem-inated by the Ministry of Health through organised training for health inspectors across the country. Private companies have lobbied for reducing the adver-tising ban on breast-milk substitutes to

children under 12 months, however, the Government has successfully objected, maintaining the initial legislative provi-sion of 24 months. In 2016, the Ministry of Health also issued Circular 38/2016 on breastfeeding support in health facilities and Decree 09/2016 on mandatory food fortification.

Aligning actions around a common results frameworkThe NPAN for 2017-2025 is currently being finalised and will serve as national ministe-rial guidelines for mainstreaming nutrition into sector policies. The SUN Movement’s checklist on the criteria and character-istics of ‘good’ national nutritional plans was used during the NPAN development.

Although the definition of roles and tasks was initiated at the early stage of devel-opment of the National Nutrition Strategy 2011-2020, the new NPAN revises the roles of actors, based on the needs and national priorities.

• Advocate for more investments into nutrition-spe-cific and sensitive interventions, including the role of nutrition champions and the media;

• Focus on guidelines at the sub-national level to implement the new NPAN with adequate resources mobilised;

• Set up a SUN Business Network and identify a donor convenor for the SUN Donor Network, with the support of the global networks.

Viet NamJoined: January 2014Population: 93.57 million

Bringing people together into a shared space for action Viet Nam is keen to re-establish the National Nutrition Steering Committee, as highlighted in the new 2017-2025 National Plan of Action for Nutrition (NPAN) which contains a clear coordination mechanism to enable effective multi-sectoral cooper-ation, to encourage higher accountability of the Government’s executive and the non-health (nutrition-sensitive) sectors.

The new NPAN was initially planned to be approved at the ministerial level. Following the SUN Movement Coordinator’s visit to Viet Nam in February 2017 and the encouragement provided, the plan is now to be endorsed by the Deputy Prime Minister in-charge, unlocking an opportu-nity for a higher level of commitment and oversight.



2017 total weighted





140

Financing tracking and resource mobilisationAlthough there is significant funding from donors and international organisations towards nutrition in Yemen, which are mainly targeted towards the humanitarian

response, there are no contributions from the Government due to the ongoing conflict.

Ensuring a coherent policy and legal frameworkA review of whether nutrition-related policies and laws are enacted and effec-tive has not taken place during the reporting period. Due to the ongoing conflict, humanitarian assistance remains the primary focus. Government agen-cies lack the operational costs to review or update any laws or regulations. The Ministry of Industry and Trade has

monitored several trade laws and regu-lations in 2017 relating to the monitoring of quality of foods for children and their conformity with international standards. The 4th Five Year Plan for the Agriculture Sector (2012-2016) was assessed in 2017 by the Ministry of Agriculture, in a bid to improve its coverage.

Aligning actions around a common results frameworkAs a result of the newly established partnership with IFPRI, stakeholders will benefit from the available documents, plans, policies, and programmes who currently solely rely on needs assessment reports. This will further help in listing nutrition projects, with nutrition-sensitive

and specific indicators and other relevant data, as this information will be updated regularly and made publicly available. MQSUN has been re-engaged to revisit the priorities of the National Plan of Action for Nutrition.

• Harness advocacy opportunities to influence political and economic decision-makers to align all Yemeni policies to fight hunger and malnutrition;

• Increase the mobilisation of resources and initia-tives on nutrition issues.

Yemen Joined: November 2012Population: 26.92 million

Bringing people together into a shared space for actionIn the second quarter of 2017, the multi-stakeholder platform (MSP) in Yemen was expanded to comprise new partners in its Steering Committee, including academic and civil society organisations focusing on women’s empowerment and community partic-ipation at the grassroots level. In 2017, new partnerships were established with institutions such as the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI). Although the SUN focal point is a member

of the Nutrition Cluster, comprising UN agencies and civil society organisations, the National Secretariat has not experi-enced the optimal level of coordination across other sectors due to the ongoing crisis. However, during the reporting period, concerted efforts have been made to better coordinate amongst all stakeholders and sectors including clus-ters on food security, nutrition, education, WASH, and other stakeholders.



2017 total weighted





141

Financing tracking and resource mobilisationAlthough the national budget has doubled since 2012 overall, governmental allocations for nutrition remain stag-nant and have declined in some cases. The NFNC and partners including the SUN CSO Network developed a budget tracking framework and reviewed finan-cial commitments for nutrition from 2013-2017. Findings were presented to the Parliamentary Expanded Committee on

Estimates and Expenditure who pledged their increased attention to nutrition. A workshop organised by Food and Nutri-tion Technical Assistance III (FANTA) led to a 2017-2027 Profiles Model, which will serve as the basis for advocacy on nutri-tion. The model was developed in line with the national, regional and global nutrition targets.

Ensuring a coherent policy and legal frameworkSeveral pieces of legislation whose review processes commenced in the last two to three years remain unfinished including the Food and Nutrition Bill, and the Food Safety Bill. However, a new agriculture policy was completed while the devel-opment of social protection guidelines is progressing. The SUN Donor Network

launched an initiative to undertake an economic analysis of the current policies and regulatory frameworks to find entry points for nutrition. The National Food and Nutrition Commission (NFNC) devel-oped a nutrition-sensitive framework to inform the planning for the medium-term expenditure framework 2018-2020.

Aligning actions around a common results frameworkThe development of the ‘First 1,000 Most Critical Days Programme’ for 2017-2021 (MCDP Phase 2) commenced with a revised results framework, and the programme is anchored in the National Food and Nutrition Strategic Plan (NFNSP) 2017-2021. Annual costed work

plans are in place at the national level and in the 14 SUN-funded districts. A joint annual review brought together stake-holders of the MCDP and focused on key elements of monitoring and evaluation. Review findings will inform the roll-out of MCDP Phase 2.

• Establish more comprehensive mechanisms for tracking nutrition for growth SMART commit-ments and expenditure;

• Roll out the MCDP Phase 2 to at least 30 districts in 2018;

• Agree upon the nutrition research agenda and strengthen the Academia and Research Network;

• Finalise the National Food and Nutrition Strategic Plan (NFNSP) 2017-2021, and the ‘First 1,000 Most Critical Days Programme’ 2017-2021 (MCDP Phase 2);

• Improve donor coordination on nutrition program-ming and financing.

ZambiaJoined: December 2010Population: 16.10 million

Bringing people together into a shared space for actionThe national multi-stakeholder platform (MSP) continues to convene meetings with all SUN Networks. Provincial Nutri-tion Coordinating Committees (NCCs) have been established in seven prov-inces and multi-sectoral nutrition plans are developed. District NCCs have been formed in districts beyond the current

SUN-funded districts. The Civil Society, Donor, and Business Networks have expanded and brought more players on board. New members of parliament were sensitised on food and nutrition issues and asked to act as nutrition champions in their respective constituencies.



2017 total weighted





142

Financing tracking and resource mobilisationAlthough the NNS 2014-2018 is costed, a mapping of current expenditures needs further analysis to identify the contribu-tion of nutrition-specific and sensitive interventions toward specific key result areas and/or national nutrition commit-ments. Thus, a detailed financial tracking system is to be developed. While a more

detailed financial gap analysis is also needed, recent funding allocations will support the nutrition information system, nutrition governance, integration of nutri-tion agenda in the agriculture sector, and the promotion of national communication campaign on nutrition.

Bringing people together into a shared space for actionCoordination takes place through the Food and Nutrition Security Commit-tees (FNSCs), which are national and sub-national multi-sectoral platforms (MSPs). Food and nutrition security is a high priority on the political agenda, also emphasised in the Zimbabwe Agenda for Sustainable Socio-Economic Transforma-tion (ZimASSET) – an economic blueprint that identifies priority areas for economic

recovery. In the past year, the MSP has sensitised journalists on nutrition issues with a view to ensure they are nutrition champions. The SUN Civil Society Alli-ance hosted an engagement meeting with 14 members of the Parliamentary Portfolio Committee on the Sustainable Development Goals, alongside represen-tatives from the Ministry of Health and Child Care and the media.

Ensuring a coherent policy and legal frameworkThe priority for the time being is to effectively implement existing policies and strategies, including the Food and Nutrition Security Policy (FNSP) and the National Nutrition Strategy (NNS) 2014-2018. Nevertheless, in September 2016, an Interim Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (IPRSP) was launched. It includes initiatives on child and maternal nutrition

and school feeding. The National Social Protection Policy Framework (NSPPF) was launched, and the Food Fortifica-tion Act developed and passed through a consultative approach. The Minister of Health is spearheading the national food fortification agenda with mandatory industrial fortification of four selected food vehicles to start on 1 July 2017.

Aligning actions around a common results frameworkThe NNS 2014-2018 includes a common results framework (CRF) behind which stakeholders align their nutrition actions. However, there is a need for a mapping analysis and consultation to ensure greater alignment of stakeholders’ activi-ties. Work is ongoing to improve the food

and nutrition information system and to track progress of multi-sectoral nutri-tion actions. Workplans of the FNSCs are aligned with NFNSP commitments, the ZimASSET Food Security and Nutri-tion Cluster Implementation Plan, and thematic areas of the NNS.

ZimbabweJoined: June 2011Population: 15.78 million

• Secure and maintain high-level political commit-ment for nutrition that translates into tangible action;

• Review national policies/guidelines and the inclu-sion of issues such as climate change, gender, and resilience;

• Build capacity on financial tracking of resources going into nutrition and the benefits thereof;

• Develop guidelines and support to better capi-talise on lessons learned and good practices;

• Ensure financial support to respond to govern-ment research gaps in nutrition.



2017 total weighted

SUN Country Profiles · 2019. 9. 22. · 2 vement nnual Proress eport 83 Chapter 4: The way forward...

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