Universitas  Indonesia  2013    

Phase of Recommendation Public Private Partnership Model in Disaster Mitigation of Padang City. A winning scientific research of Most Outstanding Student Competition in Universitas Indonesia 2013. An attestation to analytical and strategic thinking in public policy. Program Impact Analysis

                     Universitas  Indonesia  2013    

PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP IN DISASTER MITIGATION

AS ALTERNATIVE SOLUTION OF EFFECTIVE DISASTER MANAGEMENT IN PADANG CITY

 

Summary

The earthquake in Padang, West Sumatra in 2009 had greatly devastated the

lives of many citizens. With magnitude of 7.9, the earthquake has brought losses up to

21.6 trillions rupiah and 1195 casualties. The Institute of Science and Research

Indonesia (LIPI) revealed that the quake has actually made the subduction segments

becoming even more prone to greater earthquakes within the next five years, which

magnitude is predicted to be bigger than the one in 2009. Moreover, National

Geographic magazine claimed Padang as the tsunami most-prone city in the world.

Communities are the main victims when a disaster occurs. The impacts can be

either a physical impact, health, economic, social to psychological effects. During the

early days after the earthquake, various broadcast media aired the catastrophic

damages and government`s slow response to the disaster. Evacuation of victims

trapped in the rubble of the building until the second day was still done manually

using a crowbar, hammer and a hoe. The other problems that afflicted society is

unequal distribution of aid and some isolated areas were untouched. Post-disaster also

brought deep trauma that caused not a few people who want to leave the city. These

facts on the ground show that the government -as a major responsibility in the disaster

management system- is not able to fully respond to disaster swiftly and create a sense

of security to its people. Therefore, we need an alternative system that can support

government performance.

Government disaster mitigation policy is only intended to directly form

community preparedness. The Problems of government capacity in creating effective

response system and disaster recovery with the right solution is yet to be created. The

main barriers to the government in recovery lies in the funding, lack of expert and

Human Resources (HR) quality, and data collection of casualties and damage.

Through the theory of disaster management by Nick Carter and Alexander, the

concept of Public Private Partnership (PPP) in disaster mitigation, the paper analyzes

the pattern of non-public actor`s involvement in government disaster mitigation

policies. The study found that private sector involvement is limited to post-disaster

                     Universitas  Indonesia  2013    

donations from the business sector which are reactive and, more often than not, poorly

coordinated. Then, through an analysis of the success pattern of cooperation between

the government and the private sector in Japan, the author underlines the importance

of a paradigm change by Padang Government to transform their sole focus to

community preparedness into a comprehensive policy involving private partnerships

as a reciprocal collaboration.

There is clear interdependence of interests between government and private.

Government requires the private sector with particular expertise through collaboration

and emergency response agreements. On the other hand, the private have invested

interest to the government in terms of disaster preparedness knowledge transfer and

coordination for a business swift recovery after the disaster. By this logic, the

involvement of the private sector, a sector that has a great contribution in the

economy of Padang, can create a more effective disaster management system of the

government, resolving the issue of funding and slow disaster response and recovery.

By considering this potential of private actors in supporting disaster

management system and examining the pattern of government and private sector

involvement in disaster management of Japan, the study in this paper produces a

policy recommendation that will be given to the government of Padang and related

stakeholders. The recommendation is a model of public private partnership with

reciprocal advantage.

Reciprocal advantage in this context refers to the government that benefits

private parties and private parties that benefit the government. The government that

benefits private sector means the government establishing an incentive program to

attract private sector involvement (e.g. reduction of corporate tax, licensing) and

accompanied by disaster preparedness knowledge to the private sector. While private

parties that benefit government means the private sector (1) collaborating with the

government (e.g. building shelter and emergency response agreement for construction

equipment and logistics) and (2) conducting CSR programs for disaster mitigation or

community empowerment. The partnership is expected to reduce the risk of disaster

for the community, supports the performance of disaster management by the

government and create a sense of security for the disaster.

 Link  to  the  video  brief:  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KUR7CQuhk1M