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CURRENT NATIONAL HOUSINGSUMMARY

Affordable housing is generally defined as decent, quality housing that costsno more than 30 percent of a households gross monthly income for

rent/mortgage and utility payments.

On one hand Urban India has high housing shortage , on the other hand thereis a massive and rapidly growing stock of vacant houses.

In present scenario people susceptible to low or irregular income are likelyto find it difficult to buy their own house.According to Census of 2001, India had total residential housing stock of

187 million with only 51 percent permanent dwelling units. Furthermore, out

of this housing stock 54% have no sanitation facility, nearly 85% do not

have electricity and more than 22% do not have drainage facility.

it is estimated that by the year 2021 the population of urban poor will benearly 180 million.

According to an estimate, India had a chronic shortage of 21.23 milliondwelling units, out of which 36% are required in urban centers.

It seems to be difficult for public sector agencies to accelerate rate ofhousing provision looking at limited financial resources of Rs. 34,000 crore

in comparison to required investment of Rs. 1,21,370 crore for urban

centers.

Three fourths of the shortage is in the EWS( Economically Weaker Sectionincome up to Rs 5000 per month ) category and another quarter of the

shortage is in LIG (Lower Income Group- Income between Rs 5001- 10,000

per month) category.

Eighty Seven per cent of households use tap, tube well, hand pump andcovered well as source of drinking water. 47% of households have source of

water within the premises. whereas 36% of households have to fetch water

from a source located within 500 m in rural areas/100 m in urban areas.

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Use of electricity as main source of lighting has increased by11 pts to 67 %(compared to 2001) whereas use of kerosene has declined by 12 pts

accounting for 31 % of households in 2011.

Forty seven % of households have latrine facility (R-31%, U-81%) including36 % with water closet. There has been 11% decline in households havingno latrine .

The Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM),was launched in December 2005 with aim to cover construction of 1.5 m

houses for urban poor during the Mission period (2005- 2012).

The Indira Awas Yojana (IAY): The Two Million Housing Programme,launched in 1998-99 is a loan based Scheme and seeks to facilitate the

construction of 20 lakh additional houses per annum of which 7 lakh are

targeted in urban areas and 13 lakh in rural areas.By the 1980s government started realising that with limited resources it can

not address the mammoth housing problem and a strong need was felt for the

private sector participation. the government should be involved in housing

not so much to build but to promote housing activity.This way the gradual

shift in the role of government from provider to facilitator was realised, and

the first generation of reforms were initiated during 1991 by evolving

Public-Private Partnership mechanisms of housing provision to achieve

efficiency and effectiveness.

The public-private partnership concept for housing provision was put to testduring 1990s.

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