Sü Mer Atasoy_The Kocakizlar Tumulus in Eskişehir, Turkey

7/29/2019 S Mer Atasoy_The Kocakizlar Tumulus in Eskiehir, Turkey

1/13

The Kocakizlar Tumulus in Eskiehir, Turkey

Author(s): S Mer AtasoySource: American Journal of Archaeology, Vol. 78, No. 3 (Jul., 1974), pp. 255-263Published by: Archaeological Institute of AmericaStable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/503146

Accessed: 13/10/2008 08:45

Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use, available at

http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp. JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use provides, in part, that unless

you have obtained prior permission, you may not download an entire issue of a journal or multiple copies of articles, and you

may use content in the JSTOR archive only for your personal, non-commercial use.

Please contact the publisher regarding any further use of this work. Publisher contact information may be obtained at

http://www.jstor.org/action/showPublisher?publisherCode=aia.

Each copy of any part of a JSTOR transmission must contain the same copyright notice that appears on the screen or printed

page of such transmission.

JSTOR is a not-for-profit organization founded in 1995 to build trusted digital archives for scholarship. We work with the

scholarly community to preserve their work and the materials they rely upon, and to build a common research platform that

promotes the discovery and use of these resources. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected].

Archaeological Institute of America is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to

American Journal of Archaeology.

http://www.jstor.org
http://www.jstor.org/stable/503146?origin=JSTOR-pdfhttp://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsphttp://www.jstor.org/action/showPublisher?publisherCode=aiahttp://www.jstor.org/action/showPublisher?publisherCode=aiahttp://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsphttp://www.jstor.org/stable/503146?origin=JSTOR-pdf


2/13

T h e Kocakizlar T u m u l u s in Eskisehir, T u r k e ySUMER ATASOY

In September 1972the DSI (State Waterworks)in the course of opening irrigation canals in theAlpu plain of Eskisehir began by means of a bull-dozer to level the Kocaklzlar tumulus locatedin theBozyir area and at that moment came upon a brickvault. After being informed of this situation per-sonnel from the Eskisehir Museum went to Alpu,examined the tumulus, and by good fortune dis-covered the entrance to the tomb. Later, by orderof the General Directorateof Antiquities and Mu-seums, the opening up of the tumulus was begun,the tomb was emptied of water and mud, and thetomb offerings recovered were taken to the Eski-sehir Museum.'The Kocakizlar tumulus is located 3 km. to theNW of the subdistrictof Alpu, in the province ofEskisehir (ills. I-2). The diameter of the mound isapproximately80 m., and its height is 6 m.The site of the tumulus is between Midaeum(Karah6yiik) and Accilaeum (Uyuztepe) in theancient province of Phrygia Epictetus.2 MajorRoman roads passing from Dorylaeum (Eskisehir)to Ancyra (Ankara) and Pessinus (Ballihisar)passed by here.3 The existence in the Alpu plainof numerous tumuli and mounds represents evi-dence testifying to the importance of the area. SEof the Kocaklzlar ("big girls") tumulus is anothertumulus referred to as the Kiiuiikklzlar ("littlegirls") tumulus. In the survey of Burney theKiigiikkizlar tumulus is referred to as Alpu II andthe Kocaklzlar tumulus as Alpu III.4In confirma-tion of Burney's findings, Mr. Daniel Boyd verifiesthat sherds from our excavation include one pos-sibly Chalcolithic sherd and a few early BronzeAge sherdsamong the mass of late Hellenistic-early

1 After examining the tumulus Dr. Firatll prepareda reportwhich stated the importanceof the discovery,but, for reasonsof health, he was not able to participatein the actual excava-tion. Goksen Oziiesen and Siimer Atasoy jointly directed theexcavation of the tumulus. We wish to express our deepgratitudeto the personnelof the State Waterworks n Eskisehir,who gave ungrudging aid from the time the tomb was dis-covered until the successfulcompletionof the work; H. Giircay,Director General of Antiquitiesand Museums, who immediatelysent the permissionand funds necessaryfor the excavation;N.Dolunay, director of the Istanbul ArchaeologicalMuseum, and

PLATES 52-54Roman pottery.This would indicate that the tombwas built into a small mound.THE ARCHITECTURE OF THE TOMB

Oriented EW with entranceon the W, the tombconsists of two consecutive dromoi and three vault-ed chambers. In the front chamber is a marbleostotheke, in the rear chamber is a second marbleostotheke and two marble sarcophagi (ill. 3). Theinterior is always filled with water due to the factthat the tomb is below the present-daywater levelof the nearby Porsuk River. The height reachedby the water inside the tomb is evident from traceson the walls up to the 1.50 m. level.The front dromos. A slab of blue marble dressedsmooth on the inner surface but left rough on theouter surface blocks the entrance to the tomb.This slab (h. 1.77 m., w. 1.49 m., th. 0.35-0.40 m.)rests on a stone paved surface, and in front of ithave been placed large stones intended to preventthe opening of the tomb (ills. 4-5).The front dromos itself is 7.56 m. long, 1.20 m.wide, and 1.85 m. high. Its pebble floor is 0.45 m.below the level of the entrance,and for this reasona stone step (0.23 x 0.48 x 0.45 m.) is provided fordescending into the dromos.The flanking walls of the front dromos are con-structedof andesite blocksdressedsmooth and with-out mortar. Their length and height vary, but onboth the N and the S walls there are four courses.On the exterior these walls arereinforced with sup-plementary walls of dry stone rubble. Ten flatmarble slabs averaging 0.45 m. in thickness andvarying in width roof the front dromos.At the end of each wall is a recess (ill. 3). TheDr. Firatli, who supportedus in our work; the master-architectHiiseyin Basqetincelik,who made the drawings of the tomb;Erkin Emiroglu, who took the photographs;and Daniel Boyd,of Yale University, who was kind enough to make the trans-lation of this article.

2D. Magie, Roman Rule in Asia Minor 2 (Princeton 1950)I000.3W. Ramsay,Historical Geography of Asia Minor (LondonI890) 238-39.4 C.A. Burney, "Northern Anatolia before ClassicalTimes,"AnatSt 6 (I956) I8i, I86.


3/13

SUMER ATASOY' :i!:.:. ... ..

: . i ;.... ;r Z J '

f;'!.~ -' t,, ;i :i:,-_'I?,SJ ISTANBUL-

| !' I ;^$ANAKKALE .

1 i: : fIjt I tIi ESKiSE HIR: *.-i.' r t, j^ *TUMULUS;i.:* ii':~1.i GORDIO

' ;- ~..' IZi:;"'. "J i," Kt,A TALYAKUTAHYA

,;sW m ^Sl !' AFYON* .r IZMR

',l- ' J *. .i1 i * *E DENZLI'.;' '.' T1AE;:I . :.? , . ANTALYA

' ~,:;iZ i::,:''

'" "LJi. i;:^ .D E 'R N A ;5 A ,

L : X iITERAN; ISEA___

I . ,

'i: - *

ANKARAN

ILL. i. Map of WesternTurkeyrecess in the N wall is 0.69 m. wide and 0.05 m.deep, while that on the S is 1.31 m. wide and 0.I5 m.deep. Until we have a chance to carryout furtherstudy we cannot say anything with certaintyaboutthe purposeof these recesses.The vaulted dromos. The second dromos beginswith a doorway measuring I.52 by I.20 m. andfitted with stone threshold and jambs 0.47m. wide.The flanking walls of the dromos are 1.50 m. inheight and are constructed of rubble and mortar.A barrelvault in brick roofs the dromos. The bricks

of the vault are0.53m. long and0.04m. thick (ill.5). The wallsand vault were overlaidwith a 0.03m. thicklayerof beigeplaster,but only the plasteron the vault is intactwhile that on the wallshaspartiallyfallen. On the S wall a panel (0.I95 x 0.27m.) intended or an inscription ?) had beenpre-pared,butnosensecanbe madeof thefew scatteredletters egible here.The dromos 1.5.69m., w. 1.20m., h. i.85 m.) has a pebble loor and opensintothe front chamber.

During the clearing of the mud from both

[AJA 78256


4/13

I'IKYAS:25000

ILL. 2. Mapof the Alpu Area


5/13

258 StYMERATASOY [AJA 78

ILL. 3. Plan of the KocakizlarTombdromoi terracottajugs, perfume flasks, lamp frag-ments, iron nails, and scraps of juniper wood-washed from the chambers-were discovered.The front chamber. The front chamber (1. 3.65m., w. 2.25 m., h. 2.80 m.) is connected by door-ways to the rear chamberon the E and to the sidechamberon the S (ill. 3). Its walls are constructedof stone rubble and mortar to a height of i.65 m.The plaster which once covered the walls hasmostly fallen now. On the brick barrel vault canbe discerned traces of fresco with a wine-coloredzigzag design over the beige background.The flooris covered with pebbles.In the NE corner of the chamber is a marbleostotheke.This ostotheke (0.55 x 0.52 x 0.33m.) hasa spout, which feature would indicate that theostotheke was earlier used for another purpose.Itsinterior has been carved out in a diameter of 0.43m. to a depth of 0.30 m. A marble column frag-ment has been used as a lid; under the ostothekea piece of marble (0.50x 0.51 x 0.29 m.) serves asa base.Inside the ostotheke burnt fragmentsof bone and

pieces of gold jewellery were found. From a col-lection of bone and ash found in the NW cornerof the chamber came the gold leaves of a wreath,ivory fragments, legs of a couch, nails, and bronzevessels.The side chamber.The side chamber,smaller andwith a lower ceiling than the other chambers, isentered by means of a doorway I.40 m. high, 0.85m. wide, and 0.75m. deep. The dimensions of thechamber itself are 2.95x 2.25 x 1.95 m. Its walls areconstructedof stone rubble up to a height of 1.20m. (ill. 5). The vault's frescoes have completelyfallen. On the pebble floor three burials were laidout side by side with heads to the S. In the NWcorner of the chambergold leaves were found.The rear chamber. A doorway 1.75 x I.3 x 0.90m. leads to the last chamber of the tumulus. Thischamber is 4.53 m. long, 3.65m. wide, and 2.80 m.high. To a height of I.65 m. the walls are built ofstone rubble (ill. 4). Their surfaces are coveredwith fresco. Horizontal and vertical bands in awine-red color form rectangularpanels, and underthese panels stylized red flowers form a border. As

I(()( AIflZI=A~Il KKLO(AKiZLAli TIJIIJJIAIJSIJ-THE KOCAKIZLAR TUMULUS-.ON OVDACHAMBER "

I - IcC _ dol ec! fMX I- I

fIi66Plan 1:9 100

1 0

1HUEYiN 8A ETIN ELK

[AJA 78OMERATASOY58


6/13

THE KOCAKIZLARTUMULUS IN ESKISEHIR,TURKEY

KI(OCA:lZAKIL 'I'lUMUUSIJ-THE KOCAKIZLAR TUMULUS-( SECTIONS )

asa kesiti

' 0:. ..' .... . ..- . '.:, . . .....?...?r .:. , '~6' ; ... ;,:;~.-~.~;:~::.?fi? '..- :&. o:'. '.d-', -.. i1...I..H- I--:'

_4.- , '- i: .. ? ! :j-ON ODA..j+-TONOZLU DROMOS )i|< ON DROMOS -jTHE SIDE THE VAULTED DROMOS THE FRONT DROMOSCHAMBERE-ARKA ODA----I HE REAR CHAMBER b_b keslti* 0 1 2 3mHUSEYiN BA$CETk;ELiK

ILL.4. EW Sectionsof the KocaklzlarTombwith the frontchamber, erealsoaretraceson thevault of a wine-coloredigzag designover a beigebackground.The floor of this chamber,however, s differentfrom those of the other chambers.Here a thicklayerof mortarpouredover the pebblesproducesa smooth floorsurface.In the W wall of the chamber o either sideabove the doorwayare two niches (o.i6xo.I8x0.22 m.). In each niche a lamp may have beenplaced.

In theE wall of the chamber,hatis, facing ntothe tumulus, s an opening0.40m. high and 0.70m. wide,whichwaslaterclosed. t appearshat thishole was openedby robbers o gain accessto thetomb and that at a laterdate it was coveredoverwhen the tombwas reused.A fragmentof a bronze hook remainsin thebrickvaultedceilingnearthe doorway.This wasprobablyused to hang a lamp.In the NE cornerof the rearchambernext tothe N wall is a marblesarcophagus2.46xI.Io x0.63m., with interiordepth of 0.50m.). On the

front of the sarcophaguswo columnswith volutesare worked n low relief,while at each corner s apilaster.Between he columnsand the pilasters rerepresented rosettes (pl. 52, fig. i). Inside thesarcophagus asdiscovered sortof beddingcom-posedof a o0.5m. thicklayerof twigs;on thiswasfound a burial ying on its backwith headto theE (pl. 52, fig. 2). By the head of the burial was aglass perfumebottle and by its left hand,a goldring.Fragmentsof the wooden id of the sarcoph-agus were found on top of the burial.It also ap-pearsthat after the sarcophagusid brokeup thefrescofalling from the wall beganto accumulateinside.S of the"columnedarcophagus"s a second ar-cophagus et at an angle.It is roughlyworkedoutof blue marbleand is undecorated.ts dimensionsare 2.22XI.o6x o.85m. with an internaldepthof0.67 m. Here also twigs pave the interior,andthere s a burial yingon its backwith head to theW. Insidethe sarcophagus gold impressionakenfrom a denariusandfragments f a bronzecasketwere found.The lid of the "undecoratedarcoph-

2591974]

II ..

I 12I III IIII11 *l.laOI_


7/13

SUMER ATASOY

IK)(A.IKIZJLA,tK TIIJMIIJJlIJSI_ THE KOCAKIZLAR TUMULUS-

( SECTIONS

ENTRANCE c-c kesili

'~/*-:~:." ' ' ':* 00':''.... ... .:O~~' '..:99:~~~~~~~~~- ' ~''...?... " -b:~~i.??..~.Mi'~r" !i~'%!?'~;~ ~i.x.40'?I ~ s"c~'o~~~~~~~~~~1iI?ctYir

i :TONOZLUDROMOSTHEVAULTEDDROM05 e_e ke'sili

o 0' ?..... H:.' O.;-?' '~' ?'.': '..- ^ . '-~..:';".'. ...--..'',-' *. My o '. *'',,

.-. .-,Q ,5. .. A .- .'-~tDROMO--

DROMOS d-d kesiti

:-. .- ' - .

-4u

-"i ON ODA-- 4 -YAN ODA-OHE FRONTCHAMBER HE SIDECHAMBERLf kesiti1 0 1 2 SmHOSEYiNBAIET'INCELiK

ILL. 5. NS Sectionsof the KocaklzlarTombagus" was constructed of planks of juniper woodo.18 m. wide and 0.02-0.05 m. thick. Thanks to theprotection afforded by the fallen fresco and thecollapsed planks, scrapsof a loosely-woven,purplematerial were preserved.To the W side of the "columned sarcophagus"is an ostotheke carved out of the same marble asthat of the ostotheke in the front chamber. Itsdimensions are 0.76x 0.75x 0.46m.; its interior hasbeen carved out in a diameter of o.60m. to a depthof 0.30 m. From inside came gold jewellery andburnt fragments of bone. The ostotheke was cov-ered with a marble lid o.68 m. in diameter and0.025 m. thick.THE BURIALS

The tomb presentsevidence for both inhumationand cremation.The inhumations found in the sar-cophagi and the side chamber together with thecremations found in the ostothekai represent atotal of seven personswho were placed in the tombduring its last period of use. However, the bone

and ash found piled up beside the ostothekai, andthe disordered heap of bronze vessels in the NWcornerof the front chamber indicate that the tombwas used earlier and that the bones and graveofferings of the original burialswere thrown asideduring the later reuse.Examination of the skulls, femur and pelvisbones reveals that two males and one female wereburied in the side chamber, one male in the "col-umned sarcophagus"n the rear chamber,and onefemale in the "undecoratedsarcophagus"also inthe rear chamber. By the male burials large, thickrings were found; by the female burials, goldjewellery and toilet-case fragments.The discovery of ivory legs (ill. 6), two bronzefulcra (pl. 53, fig. I4), and pieces of wood next tothe S wall of the rear chambershows that a couchstood there. On the couch had been placed ivorycombs, bronze and bone needles, and a toilet boxdecoratedwith reliefs (pl. 53, figs. II-12)-obviouslya woman's possessions.The plaster which fell from the walls smashedsome of the tomb offerings, and the muddy water

260 [AJA 78


8/13

THE KOCAKIZLARTUMULUS IN ESKISEHIR,TURKEY

IK INt1 AYA k I_THE LEGS OF THE KLINAI-

0 2 4 6 8cm.

ILL. 6. Profilesof the ivorycouchlegswhich filled the interior of the tomb scatteredthem. Moreover, the process of excavation wasmade extremely difficult by the water which wascontinually welling up from the floor. For thesereasons the arrangementof the grave offerings inthe tomb could not be established.The quantity of gold jewellery, several amberornaments (pl. 52, figs. 8-Io), and the ivory couchlegs make it clearthat this tomb belonged to a richfamily. It has no parallels among tombs of theRoman period in Anatolia. For the Roman period

5 D. Strong, Catalogue of the Carved Amber (Londen 1966) I9.

amber represents a very expensive and luxuriousornament. Amber sources are known on the eastshores of the Baltic Sea, in Sicily, and in Rumania,5but amber comes to Anatolia by means of trade.Amber is among the Bronze Age finds from Troyand from Alacah6yik.Very important is the ivory relief with the pro-file of a hero or noble depicted in the guise ofHerakles (pl. 53, fig. I3). The natureof these tombofferings makes it possible to conjecture that thetomb belonged to a family of the aristocraticclass.

1974] 261


9/13

SOMER ATASOYDATING

The Kocaklzlar tumulus is distinguished fromother tombs by both its plan and its grave offerings.The construction technique used in the frontdromos differs from that of the second dromos;the former has side walls built of andesite blocksand roof built of flat marble slabs. A sondage isnecessaryat the junctionof the two dromoi in orderto determine in which period the front dromos wasbuilt. We can have no positive idea of the date ofthe front dromos until we find the opportunity tocarry out the necessary sondage and research.The workmanship of the walls, the frescoes,theofferings, the lamps, and the three coins foundgive a Late Hellenistic-Early Roman date. Ob-viously the tomb was built and used for severalgenerations during the first century B.C. and thefirst century A.D.ISTANBUL ARCHAEOLOGICAL MUSEUM

CATALOGUE6CoinsI (1.108.72) Gold impressionof denarius minted inRome,58 B.C. Cf. H.A. Grueber,Coinsof the RomanRepublic in the British Museum (London 191o) pi.xlviii.I3.2 (D.2) Denarius.Tiberius,mint of Lugdunum.Cf.H. Mattingly, Coins of the Roman Empire in theBritish Museum I (London 1923) pi. 22.23.3 (D.i) Bronze.Tiberius,mint of Rome,A.D. I5-I6.Cf. Mattingly, op. cit., pl. 23.15.Gold Jewellery4 (1.7.72) Double finger-rings, diam. i.8 cm. Flathoopswith oval bezels. In one of the bezels is set anemerald and in the other one is set a small, whitestone.5 (1.8.72) Finger-ring, iam. i.6 cm.,with agatebezel.In the oval gem is engravedthe profileof an eagleand a kerykeion.6 (1.9.72) Finger-ring, diam. I.9 cm., with glass stone.The ring has a flat hoop. In the stone is engravedafigure which is not clear.7 (I.IO.72) Finger-ring,diam. 1.7 cm., with amethystbezel. In the gem is engravedthe profileof a malefigure. Cf. R. Siviero, Jewellery and Amber of Italy(New York 1959) no. 358, pl. 222a.8 (1.11.72) Finger-ring, diam. I.6 cm., with darkstone. The ring has a flat hoop. Cf. Siviero,no. 453,pi. 234C.

6Numbers in parenthesesindicate the inventory number ofthe EskisehirMuseum. We offer our thanks to Miss N. Olcay,

9 (I.12.72) Finger-ring,diam. i.6 cm., with emerald.The ring has a flathoop;a rectangular merald s setin the bezel.10 (I.13/I5.72) Four finger-rings of the same type,diam. I.I-I.4 cm. The roundhoop flattensto form abezel. In twoof thebezels areengravedpalmbranches,on the thirda snake,and the last has no decoration.Cf. Siviero,no. 487, 5IO.11 (I.I6/I7.72) Two finger-ringswith round hoops,diam. 1.2-I.3 cm. The bezels have lost their stones.12 (I.I9.72) Finger-ring with round hoop, diam. I.7cm. The two openends of the hoopare in the formofsnakes' heads.13 (1.20.72) Finger-ring, diam. 1.8 cm., in the formof a coiled serpent with head raised to strike. Cf.Siviero, no. 214, pi. i68b,c.14 (1.I00.72) Finger-ring,diam. 2.5 cm., with thickflat hoop and a dark stone.15 (I.101.72) Finger-ring, diam. 2 cm., with slenderhoop and oval-shaped gate bezel. The engravingonthe agate representsPegasusand, on the left, a bowl.I6 (1.102.72) Heavy finger-ring, diam. 2.3 cm., withoval amethystbezel engravedwith a lion attackingabull (pl. 52, fig. 3).17 (1.22/23.72) Earrings, diam. 1.2 cm., each with anovalsettingfor a pearl (pl. 52, fig. 4).I8 (I.3/4.72) Two bracelets,diam. 4-4.5 cm., deco-rated with gold wire. At the center of each is a rec-tangular,hollow hinge in which is set an emerald(pl. 52, fig. 5).19 (1.5/6.72) Two bracelets, . I6 cm., diam. I.8 cm.,each made up of eight hollow hemispheresjoinedtogetherby rings (pl. 52, fig. 6). Cf. Siviero,no. 240,pl. I76a.20 (I.24.72) Necklace of the chain type, 1. 33 cm.,with gold-wire inks and a pendantin the form of ashell with threepearls(one pearl missing). The hookis coveredby two convexbosses(pl. 52, fig. 6). Cf.Siviero,no. I82, pi. I46.21 (I.21.72) Heart-shaped pendant, h. 2.7 cm., w. I.4cm., in which is set a darkstone. It has two pendantsending in pearls (one is missing). At the top is aloop for suspension pl. 52, fig. 7).22 (I.25.72) Good-luck pendant,h. 2.4 cm., in theform of a right hand. A braceleton the wrist is inthe formof a snake.At the topis a loopforsuspension(pl. 52, fig. 7).23 (I.26.72) Conical pendant, h. 2.2 cm., decoratedwith gold wires and a round agate. The suspensionloop is missing (pl. 52, fig. 7).24 Undecorateddiadem (h. 13.5 cm.) and sixty-fivegold leaves for wreaths.who examined the coins.

262 [AJA 78


10/13

THE KOCAKIZLARTUMULUS IN ESKISEHIR,TURKEYAmber25 (1.35/36.72) Two brooches (1. 3.2, 3.4 cm.; h. I.7,2.2 cm.) in the formof Amazon shields,with holesatthe center (pl. 52, fig. 8).26 (1.38.72) Statuette of a dog, h. 2.3 cm., 1. 4.3 cm.;the legs are missing (pl. 52, fig. 9).27 (I.39.72) Telesphoroswrapped n a hoodedcloak,h. 3.3 cm., w. I.2 cm. Cf. E. Haspels, The Highlandsof Phrygia (Princeton I97I) 302, fig. 612.17 (pl. 52,fig. Io.)28 (I.37.72) Amulet (?), h. 4.4 cm., w. 2.3 cm., theform and purposeof which are not clear.29 Three beads, diam. I.0, 1.2, and 2.2 cm.Crystal30 (I.27/30.72) Four crystalbeads of varyingdiam-eters. Three of the beads are sphericaland one isovoidal.Ivory31 (I.I23.72) An ivory relief, h. 7 cm., w. 5.2 cm., th.I.5 cm. The male profile bust represented is shownwreathed and in the guise of Herakles with his lionskin and club (pl. 53, fig. I3).32 Ivory legs: 1. 22, 26, and 54 cm., totaling fourlarge and eight small ivory legs from three woodencouches. Much damaged (ill. 6).Wood33 (I.I22a.72) One side of a wooden toilet box, 1.I2.2 cm., ht. 5.3 cm. On this side of the toilet box is arelief depicting three erotes. One eros is at center, turn-ing to the right, playing double pipes. On the right isa second eros, moving to the right but looking back,holding a burning torch downwards in his right hand.On the left is the third eros looking at the others andholding a lyre. There are small breaks at the left side(pl. 53, fig- 11).34 (I.122b.72) One side of a wooden toilet box, 1.12.3 cm., ht. 6.6 cm. On the left is an eros facing tothe right, giving a bird to the eros who is seated infront of him. The right hand of the seated eros is ex-tended to the bird and his left hand is resting on a treebehind him. Another bird is in the tree. A bird-cagerests between the erotes, and a basin is on the right.Holes for nails (pl. 53, fig. 12).Bronze35 (I.II3.72) This lion's head, 1. 13.3 cm., w. 5.3cm., h. 4.7 cm., with deep eyes and open mouth, isthe upper finial of a couch headboard (fulcrum).There are nails on it. Cf. D. Mitten, S. Doeringer,

Master Bronzes from the Classical World (MainzI967) no. 302-303.36 (I.114.72) Relief bust of Eros,h. 7.2cm., w. 7 cm.,which formed the lower, circulardecorationof thefulcrum of the couch. The head is turning to theright. Some breakson the sides (pl. 53, fig. I4). Cf.G. Richter,The Furnitureof the Greeks,Etruscans,and Romans(London I966) figs. 548-49.37 (I.77-72) Lamp, h. 5.5 cm., 1. I2.2 cm., w. I0.3cm., with doubleroundnozzles with leaves;circularbody. The lid and handle are missing. Some breaksdue to corrosion.Cf. O. Broneer,TerracottaLamps.Corinth4.2 (Cambridge 1930) type XXI.38 (I.71.72) Double-handledbasin, h. 9 cm., diam.34.5 cm., with ring base;restored pl. 53, fig. I6).39 Patera(1. 31 cm.), strigil (1. 22 cm.), two disks(diam. I7.5, 20.5 cm.), mirror (diam. I9 cm.), sixbowls (variousdiameters).Alabaster40 (1.55.72) Lamp, h. 7.8 cm., 1. 20 cm., w. I3.3 cm.,with two quasi-volutednozzles. Leaf-shapedprojec-tions on each side;ring handle;ring base(pl. 53, fig.I7). Cf. Broneer,op. cit., type XXI.41 Alabastron, h. I6.4 cm.Terracotta42 (1.53.72) Figure of a seminude Aphrodite, h. 29cm., standingwith her arms half-raised.Missingarethe left hand and the right side of the body. Myrinatype (pl. 53, fig. I5).43 (I.50.72) Lamp, h. 8.3 cm., w. 8.i cm., 1. i8.5 cm.,with two quasi-volutednozzles and a triangularat-tachment with a leaf relief over the ring handle.Broneer, ypeXXI.44 (1.51/52.72) Two plates, diam. I.9 and 2.6 cm.,of terra-sigillatawith spiralrelief decorationson rim(pl. 53, fig. 18).45 (I.45.72) Oinochoe, h. 28 cm., diam. I7.5 cm. Buffclay, trefoilmouth, ring base (pl. 54, fig. 19).46 (I.46.72) Lagynos, h. 24 cm., diam. 17 cm. Buffclay, white slip, red painted decoration(pl. 54, fig.20).47 Threeamphoras, ix jugs, five unguenteria.Glass48 Ten perfume lasks,one blue aryballos h. 9 cm.),one square bottle (h. 22.5 cm.), and one cup (h. 7.8cm.).Bone49 Three needles.

1974] 263


11/13

FIG. I. The "Columned Sarcophagus"

FIG. 4. Earrings set with pearlsFiG. 9

FIG. 8. Amber brooches FIG.5. Bracewith emeraFIG- 7. Gold pendants


12/13

ATASOY PLATE 53

FIG. 14. Bronze furnitureattachment

FIG. 13. Ivory relief of "Herakles"

FIG. 15. Terracottastatuette of Aphrodite

FIG. I I. Ivory toilet-box relief

FIG. i8. Terra-sigillata plateFIG. 12. Ivory toilet-box relief

FIG. I7. Alabaster lampIG. I6. Bronze basin


13/13

FIG. 20. Lagynos, red onIG. I9. Trefoil-mouthedoinochoe

Sü Mer Atasoy_The Kocakizlar Tumulus in Eskişehir, Turkey

Documents

Transcript of Sü Mer Atasoy_The Kocakizlar Tumulus in Eskişehir, Turkey