Successful Integration of Mobility Management into Site Development PHOENIX-West Dortmund, Germany...

Successful Integration of Mobility Management into Site Development

‚PHOENIX-West‘ Dortmund, Germany

Ulrike Reutter, Mechtild Stiewe, Janina Welsch

ECOMM 2008 – London, Session 21Successful integration of mobility management into site development: ‚PHOENIX-West’ Dortmund, Germany

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In Germany Mobility Management (MM) is generally not integrated

into urban planning ILS is working on this topic within two research projects, both look

for existing possibilities of better integrating MM into urban planning in Germany as well as Europe and propose good solutions: Mobility Management in urban planning

German title: Mobilitätsmanagement in der Stadtplanung Funded by Ministry for Building, Transportation and Urban Affairs Bundesministerium für Verkehr, Bauen und Stadtentwicklung BMVBSForschungsprogramm Stadtverkehr (FOPS) Project FE 70.794

MAX – Successful Travel Awareness Campaigns and Mobility Management Strategies Co-funded by the European Commission within the Sixth Framework Programme (2002-2008). Project No: 518368

Background


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German planning system is a federal system with generally 3 levels: national, state, municipal

National laws set only the framework conditions for the lower levelsMain law is the Federal Building Code (Baugesetzbuch – BauGB) municipalities can close a contract with developers to set special

rules for the development of the site

The 16 States have the main responsibility for spatial planning and set the rules for planning in the municipalities together with national lawMain laws are the State Building Codes (Bauordnung – BauO) detailed regulations for each State e.g. for defining the minimum

number of requested parking spaces for new buildings

Preconditions in German Planning Law (1)


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Municipalities prepare local land use plans (Flächennutzungsplan) for the whole

administrative area

prepare site development plans (Bebauungsplan) for development areas within the city

grant building permissions if the buildings are in accordance with the plans

Within these plans municipalities have the opportunity to create good preconditions for integrating MM and set the legal framework for the development site

Mobility Management itself or instruments like travel plans are not defined and not integrated in German planning laws and instruments

Preconditions in German Planning Law (2)


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Best practice: Dortmund PHOENIX-West

City of Dortmund was chosen as best-practice example within both research projects

The city produced a ‘Masterplan Mobility’ as an informal planning instrument to guide the transport development (use of MM is included)

Dortmund aims to integrate Mobility Management into re-development of the former industrial area PHOENIX-West

Location of Dortmund in Germanysource: http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bild:Deutschland_topo.jpg


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Location of Dortmund and PHOENIX-Area

Location of NRW and Ruhr-Areasource: http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bild:Lage_des_Ruhrgebiets.png

Location of PHOENIX-Areasource: Stadt Dortmund 2006

Dortmund belongs to the State North Rhine-Westphalia (NRW)

The city is part of the Ruhr-Area which has a long history of coal & steel industries Whole Ruhr-Area is (still) facing a far

reaching economic structural change

Many of the former industrial sites are re-developed and used in various ways (industrial museums, cultural venues, businesses, housing etc.)

PHOENIX-West in Dortmund is such a brown-field re-development site


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PHOENIX-Area: 150 years of industrial history (steel production) PHOENIX-West closure in 1998: ~ 1 km²

PHOENIX-Area: brown-field re-development site

Aerial view of PHOENIX-West area in June 2007source: www.phoenixdortmund.de


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Planned uses for PHOENIX-Area

PHOENIX-West PHOENIX-East

Hörde – district centre

existing uses: shopping, housing, businesses

technology & business park

planned uses: micro- & nano technologies, IT businesses

new Phoenix-Lake (man made)

planned uses: mainly housing & leisure


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Dortmund set preconditions and the legal framework for PHOENIX-West within the site development plan aiming for a high quality development: City defines areas for special uses (e.g. micro & nano

technologies, IT businesses) City aims for a high density area (e.g. heights, building lines &

borders) City builds only few off-site parking spaces along the streets

When the site is fully developed: about 10.000 people will work at PHOENIX-West about 34.000 car-trips per day are predicted (without MM) up to 3 multi-story car parks will be built (central parking) good accessibility with public transport will be offered

PHOENIX-West: planning for high quality development


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PHOENIX-West: Guidebooks for developers

High quality development needs special guidance. Therefore the city set different framework conditions for design, energy and mobility

For each topic a special guidebook was produced as a tool for consultations with developers

Design e.g. where to build, front design and material, good examples

Energy e.g. regulations for heating and cooling, energy saving construction, use of daylight

Mobility shows e.g.• how to reduce the quantity of required parking spaces• examples of MM measures• examples and design for (automatic) multi storey parking

use rare space more efficientMobilitätshandbuch


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High quality development not enough space: in most cases, not all requested parking spaces can be built as ground level parking

Classical solutions build all required parking spaces and pay for the maintenance:

some ground-level parking spaces + underground or multi-storey car park expensive solution

pay off to the city of Dortmund a certain amount of parking spaces (build the rest) expensive solution

New solution reduce the requested number of on-site parking spaces using Mobility

Management implement MM to change travel behaviour & reduce the need for parking build less parking spaces and save money

PHOENIX-West: planning for sustainable mobility


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Use of the planning simulation within research projects: To get all stakeholders involved in the discussion:

different administrative departments, developers, architects, business manager, PT-company, legal experts

To gain insight in their different views

To look at acceptance of the offered solution (using MM to reduce parking spaces)

To offer a practical solution to implement MM (ILS introduced a prototype company travel plan)

To foster the implementation process for PHOENIX-West by discussing legal procedure within the building permission process

Planning simulation – gaining an insight into practitioners views


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1. Key of success: Dortmund has a strong intention to develop PHOENIX-West sustainable and with high quality

2. City asks the developers to contribute to this high quality and communicates the profits of regulations and guidelines

3. In this early phase of implementation of MM consultancy and information about the procedure and the advantages are needed The transport planning department of Dortmund will offer advice

how to produce a travel plan, but has only limited capacities in the long run, external consultants are needed

It is expected that for most companies the production of a travel plan and the implementation and monitoring of the MM measures will be cheaper than building and maintaining all required parking spaces

Planning simulation – results and keys of success (1)


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4. Mobility Management must be offered as a voluntary option (to the developers), because: MM is still a new instrument in Germany,

There is no legal obligation for companies to produce a travel plan

There is a strong competition for new developments and enterprises between the cities

5. MM creates a win-win situation for the city and the companies: To give the opportunity to minimise the required numbers of

parking spaces and thus to save money

To achieve a high urban quality and a high environmental quality for PHOENIX-West

Highly motivated people are needed to communicate these advantages to most of the stakeholders

Planning simulation – results and keys of success (2)


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1. Difficulties to implement MM for speculative developments(unknown user)

2. Is Mobility Management a potential barrier for re-selling the buildings?

3. The local public transport company in Dortmund doesn’t see itself as inter-modal mobility provider

e.g. cycling is seen as competing mode, not as a complementing mode to public transport low quality service for bicycles at PT stations

Planning simulation – barriers of success


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Conclusions: Where there is a will there is a way

Is the integration of Mobility Management into site development at PHOENIX-West successful? Integration of MM into urban planning is not supported by most of

the existing planning laws But integration is possible if the city is planning for good

preconditions and is willing to use the existing potentials The most important factor is the will to change the mobility

behaviour from the very beginning of the building process. That will prevent future mobility problems

Parts of the concept are already used - legal details still need to be solved within the city's administration to use a travel plan for implementing MM


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Thank you for your attention

www.ils.nrw.de

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