SOME COMMON REASONS:

LOVE ISSUES

FRUSTRATIONS

SADNESS

LONELINESS

TO BE REPORTED BY:

MARY GRACE POLANCOS BEN CARLOS DA LUZ&

Using larger amounts or for longer time

than intended

Persistent desire or unsuccessful

attempts to cut down or control

substance use

Great deal of time is spent in activities

necessary in obtaining the substance

(e.g., visiting multiple doctors or driving

long distances), use the substance (e.g.,

chain-smoking), or recover from its

effects

Craving or a strong desire or urge to use

Recurrent substance use resulting in a

failure to fulfill major role obligations at

work, school, or home (e.g., repeated

absences or poor work performance

related to substance use; substance-

related absences, suspensions, or

expulsions from school; neglect of

children or household)

Continued substance use despite having

persistent or recurrent social or

interpersonal problems caused or

exacerbated by the effects of the

substance (e.g., arguments with spouse

about consequences of intoxication,

physical fights)

Important social, occupational,

recreational activities given up or

reduced because of the substance use

Recurrent substance use in situations in which

it is physically hazardous (e.g., driving an

automobile or operating a machine when

impaired by substance use)

The substance use is continued despite

knowledge of having a persistent or recurrent

physical or psychological problem that is likely

to have been caused or exacerbated by the

substance (e.g., current cocaine use despite

recognition of cocaine-induced depression, or

continued drinking despite recognition that an

ulcer was made worse by alcohol consumption)

A maladaptive pattern of substance use

leading to clinically significant

impairment or distress, as manifested by

one or more of the following, occurring

within a 12-month period.

Recurrent substance-related legal

problems (e.g., arrests for substance-

related disorderly conduct)

1. Intoxication

2. Withdrawal

3. Psychotic Disorder

4. Bipolar Disorder

5. Depressive

Disorder

6. Anxiety Disorder

7. Sleep Disorder

8. Delirium

9. Neuro-cognitive

10. Sexual

Dysfunction

1. Peripheral neuropathy

2. Alcoholic myopathy

3. Wernicke’s Encephalopathy

4. Korsakoff’s psychosis

5. Alcoholic Cardiomyopathy

6. Esophagitis

7. Gastritis

8. Pancreatitis

9. Alcohol Hepatitis

10.Cirrhosis of the Liver

Portal Hypertension

Ascites

Esophageal varices

Hepatic encephalopathy

11.Leukopenia

12.Thrombocytopenia

13.Sexual dysfunction

14.Fetal alcohol syndrome (if used during pregnancy)

Alcoholism and alcohol abuse are two types of problem drinking…

Prescription of addictive drugs to

vulnerable patients

Failure to refer a patient for

consultation or treatment by a

specialist

Failure to communicate with other

medical professionals who are

involved with the care of the patient

Autonomic hyperactivity (eg, sweating, pulse rate >100);

Increased hand tremor;

Insomnia;

Nausea or vomiting;

Transient visual, tactile, or auditory hallucinations or illusions;

Psychomotor agitation;

Anxiety; and

Grand mal seizures.

Mental status examination findings of

intoxication include the following:

Appearance - Dependent upon level of

intoxication, the patient may be somnolent

and disheveled.

Behavior - Psychomotor retardation may

be seen, but, on occasion, the patient may

show inappropriate sexual or aggressive

behavior, usually during or shortly after

sedative use.