Substance AbuseSubstance Abuse

Substance abuse is estimated to be responsible Substance abuse is estimated to be responsible for more than half a million non-fatal injuries a for more than half a million non-fatal injuries a year and forty percent of work-related fatalities year and forty percent of work-related fatalities and work-related injuries. and work-related injuries.

Employees who abuse drugs or alcohol use 3 to Employees who abuse drugs or alcohol use 3 to 8 times as many sick days. 8 times as many sick days.

The estimated employer costs in The estimated employer costs in accident/injuries, absenteeism, medical claims, accident/injuries, absenteeism, medical claims, job turnover, theft, and lost productivity is 36 to job turnover, theft, and lost productivity is 36 to 60 60 billionbillion dollars per year! dollars per year!

Mangan, Inc. is committed to providing a safe Mangan, Inc. is committed to providing a safe environment for all employees and contract staff. environment for all employees and contract staff. To achieve this goal, the Company has adopted To achieve this goal, the Company has adopted and strictly adheres to the following substance and strictly adheres to the following substance abuse policies:abuse policies:

Long Beach, Atlanta, Colorado, North Carolina – Los Long Beach, Atlanta, Colorado, North Carolina – Los Angeles Clean Card Angeles Clean Card (LACC)(LACC)

Houston Office – Oil & Gas Production Consortium Houston Office – Oil & Gas Production Consortium (OGPC)(OGPC) or Houston Substance Abuse Program or Houston Substance Abuse Program (HSAP)(HSAP)

All offices for pipeline projects - Department of All offices for pipeline projects - Department of Transportation Research & Special Projects Transportation Research & Special Projects (DOT-(DOT-PHMSA)PHMSA)

Goals of this TrainingGoals of this Training

Impact of Substance Abuse in the Impact of Substance Abuse in the WorkplaceWorkplace

Ways People Use Alcohol and Other Ways People Use Alcohol and Other DrugsDrugs

Understanding AddictionUnderstanding Addiction Specific Drugs of AbuseSpecific Drugs of Abuse Signs and Symptoms of Substance AbuseSigns and Symptoms of Substance Abuse AssistanceAssistance

Impact of Substance Abuse Impact of Substance Abuse in the Workplacein the Workplace

Employee Health – Depresses the immune Employee Health – Depresses the immune systemsystem

Productivity – Impairment on the jobProductivity – Impairment on the job Decision Making – Distorted perception of Decision Making – Distorted perception of

their abilitytheir ability

Safety – Increased accidents Safety – Increased accidents

Employee morale – Higher turnover, lower Employee morale – Higher turnover, lower quality, and reduced team effort quality, and reduced team effort

Security – Higher incidents of theft and law Security – Higher incidents of theft and law enforcement involvement enforcement involvement

Impact of Substance Abuse Impact of Substance Abuse in the Workplace in the Workplace (cont’d)(cont’d)

Ways People Use Alcohol Ways People Use Alcohol and Other Drugsand Other Drugs

Use:

Experimentation – Curiosity or peer pressure

Social/Recreational – Drinking and other drug use in some settings is often condoned

As a stress reliever – Alcoholism and drug addiction often begin with relief use

Abuse: Using a substance to modify or control Abuse: Using a substance to modify or control mood or state of mind in a manner that is illegal or mood or state of mind in a manner that is illegal or harmful to oneself or others. Potential harmful to oneself or others. Potential consequences of abuse include:consequences of abuse include:

Accidents or injuriesAccidents or injuries BlackoutsBlackouts Legal problemsLegal problems Poor job performancePoor job performance Family problemsFamily problems Sexual behavior that increases the risk of Sexual behavior that increases the risk of

HIV infectionHIV infection

Addiction:

The irresistible compulsion to use alcohol and other drugs despite adverse consequences. It is characterized by repeated failures to control use, increased tolerance and increased disruption in the family.

Understanding AddictionUnderstanding Addiction

For one in ten people, abuse leads to addiction. For one in ten people, abuse leads to addiction. Addiction to alcohol and other drugs is: Addiction to alcohol and other drugs is:

Chronic Progressive Primary Terminal Characterized by denial

Risk of addiction:Risk of addiction:

Addiction is a family diseaseAddiction is a family disease

Prior abuse of alcohol and other drugsPrior abuse of alcohol and other drugs

Other contributing factorsOther contributing factors

Specific Drugs of AbuseSpecific Drugs of Abuse

AlcoholAlcohol

MarijuanaMarijuana

InhalantsInhalants

CocaineCocaine

StimulantsStimulants

DepressantsDepressants

HallucinogensHallucinogens

NarcoticsNarcotics

Designer DrugsDesigner Drugs

Prescription MedicationPrescription Medication

Signs and Symptoms of Signs and Symptoms of Substance AbuseSubstance Abuse

EmotionallyEmotionally

BehaviorallyBehaviorally

PhysicallyPhysically

Abuse of alcohol and other drugs affects people:

Emotional effects of substance abuse:

Aggression Burnout Anxiety Depression Paranoia Denial

Behavioral effects of substance abuse:Behavioral effects of substance abuse:

Slow reaction timeSlow reaction time Impaired coordinationImpaired coordination Slowed or slurred speechSlowed or slurred speech IrritabilityIrritability Excessive talkingExcessive talking Inability to sit stillInability to sit still Limited attention spanLimited attention span Poor motivation or lack of energyPoor motivation or lack of energy

Physical effects of Physical effects of substance abuse:substance abuse:

Weight lossWeight loss SweatingSweating ChillsChills Smell of alcoholSmell of alcohol

Family and Coworker Family and Coworker ImpactImpact

Enabling:

Action that someone takes to protect the person with the problem from the consequences of his or her actions. Unfortunately, enabling actually helps the person to NOT deal with his or her problem.

Examples of enabling:Examples of enabling:

Covering Up Covering Up

Rationalizing Rationalizing

Withdrawing/Avoiding Withdrawing/Avoiding

BlamingBlaming

Controlling Controlling

Threatening Threatening

Examples of traps family members Examples of traps family members and coworkers may fall into:and coworkers may fall into:

Sympathy Sympathy Excuses Excuses Apology Apology Diversions Diversions

Innocence Innocence Anger Anger Pity Pity Tears Tears

AssistanceAssistance Things to remember:Things to remember:

Difficulty performing on the job can sometimes Difficulty performing on the job can sometimes be caused by unrecognized personal problems be caused by unrecognized personal problems - including addiction to alcohol and other drugs- including addiction to alcohol and other drugs

Help is available Help is available Although a supervisor may suspect that an Although a supervisor may suspect that an

employee’s performance is poor because of employee’s performance is poor because of personal problems, it is up to the employee to personal problems, it is up to the employee to decide whether or not that is the casedecide whether or not that is the case

It is an employee’s responsibility to decide It is an employee’s responsibility to decide whether or not to seek help whether or not to seek help

Addiction is treatable and reversibleAddiction is treatable and reversible

An employee’s decision to seek help is a An employee’s decision to seek help is a private one and will not be made publicprivate one and will not be made public

AssistanceAssistance (cont’d)(cont’d)

If EAP services are available:If EAP services are available:

An EAP (Employee Assistance Program) An EAP (Employee Assistance Program) can help employees decide what to do if can help employees decide what to do if they have a problem with alcohol or other they have a problem with alcohol or other drugsdrugs

An EAP also can help an employee An EAP also can help an employee decide what to do if someone in his/her decide what to do if someone in his/her family or workgroup has a problemfamily or workgroup has a problem

Conversations with an EAP are Conversations with an EAP are confidentialconfidential

If EAP services are not available, If EAP services are not available, help may be available from:help may be available from:

Community hotlinesCommunity hotlines

Self-help groups such as Alcoholics Self-help groups such as Alcoholics Anonymous, Narcotics Anonymous, Al-Anonymous, Narcotics Anonymous, Al-Anon, etc.Anon, etc.

Community mental health centersCommunity mental health centers

Private therapists or counselorsPrivate therapists or counselors

Addiction treatment centersAddiction treatment centers

ConfidentialityConfidentiality Problems will not be made publicProblems will not be made public Conversations with an EAP professional - or Conversations with an EAP professional - or

other referral agent - are private and will be other referral agent - are private and will be protectedprotected

All information related to performance issues All information related to performance issues will be maintained in his/her personnel filewill be maintained in his/her personnel file

Information about referral to treatment, Information about referral to treatment, however, will be kept separatelyhowever, will be kept separately

Information about treatment for addiction or Information about treatment for addiction or mental illness is not a matter of public mental illness is not a matter of public record and cannot be shared without a record and cannot be shared without a signed release from the employeesigned release from the employee

If an employee chooses to tell coworkers If an employee chooses to tell coworkers about his/her private concerns, that is about his/her private concerns, that is his/her decisionhis/her decision

When an employee tells his/her supervisor When an employee tells his/her supervisor something in confidence, supervisors are something in confidence, supervisors are obligated to protect that disclosureobligated to protect that disclosure

Confidentiality Confidentiality (cont’d)(cont’d)

If EAP services are available, If EAP services are available, employees are also assured that:employees are also assured that:

EAP records are separate from personnel EAP records are separate from personnel records and can be accessed only with a records and can be accessed only with a signed release from the employeesigned release from the employee

EAP professionals are bound by a code of EAP professionals are bound by a code of ethics to protect the confidentiality of the ethics to protect the confidentiality of the employees and family members that they employees and family members that they serveserve

There are clear limits on when and what There are clear limits on when and what information an EAP professional can share information an EAP professional can share and with whomand with whom

A Safer, Drug-Free A Safer, Drug-Free WorkplaceWorkplace

Recognize the impact ofRecognize the impact of alcohol and drug abuse on alcohol and drug abuse on the workplacethe workplace

Understand and follow the Drug-Free Workplace PolicyUnderstand and follow the Drug-Free Workplace Policy

Remember the types of assistance available Remember the types of assistance available

Access the Department of Labor’s Working Partners Access the Department of Labor’s Working Partners Web Site Web Site www.dol.gov/workingpartnerswww.dol.gov/workingpartners