Subsea Expo 6 February 2019 - Championing the UK …...• Thermal conductivity • Melting point...

12
www.astrimar.com Managing the risk of introducing transformational materials and manufacturing technologies Subsea Expo 6 th February 2019

Transcript of Subsea Expo 6 February 2019 - Championing the UK …...• Thermal conductivity • Melting point...

Page 1: Subsea Expo 6 February 2019 - Championing the UK …...• Thermal conductivity • Melting point • Creep Surface related properties • Roughness • Bonding • Friction • Wear

www.astrimar.com

Managing the risk of introducing transformational materials and manufacturing technologies 

Subsea Expo 6th February 2019 

Page 2: Subsea Expo 6 February 2019 - Championing the UK …...• Thermal conductivity • Melting point • Creep Surface related properties • Roughness • Bonding • Friction • Wear

Technology Qualification Process

• Intent of TQP guidance– Provide evidence of meeting 

requirements – Reduce uncertainty of risk– Deliver technology ready for application– Raise TRL to an acceptable level

Definition of Qualification:The process of confirming, by examination and provision of evidence, that equipment meets specified requirements for the intended use [API RP 17Q]

Page 3: Subsea Expo 6 February 2019 - Championing the UK …...• Thermal conductivity • Melting point • Creep Surface related properties • Roughness • Bonding • Friction • Wear

Current Industry Guidance Limitations 

• TQP is generic at high level– Applicable to many technologies 

• Current TQP guidance:– Mainly written with development of components or systems in mind

– Limited “ how to do“ related to:• Systems engineering• Novel materials qualification• Material processing and manufacture • Novel additive manufacturing

Page 4: Subsea Expo 6 February 2019 - Championing the UK …...• Thermal conductivity • Melting point • Creep Surface related properties • Roughness • Bonding • Friction • Wear

Why Materials Qualification is a Challenge 

Inherent bulk properties• Tensile strength• Compressive strength • Yield strength• Hardness• Stiffness• Coefficient of expansion• Thermal conductivity• Melting point• Creep• Fatigue

Surface related properties• Roughness• Bonding• Friction• Wear • Corrosion• Stress corrosion cracking

• Materials have many different properties– Properties often interdependent

• Most properties dependent on operating conditions e.g. – Temperature, pressure, load

• Some properties sensitive to surface, interface and environmental conditions– Significant impact on sealing technologies 

and bearings 

• Device performance highly dependent on material properties

Page 5: Subsea Expo 6 February 2019 - Championing the UK …...• Thermal conductivity • Melting point • Creep Surface related properties • Roughness • Bonding • Friction • Wear

Challenges to Introduction of New Materials

• Material selection often driven by economics and project risk

• High risk associated with new materials– Selection restricted to conventional material 

(with available standards)– Purchase minimum alloy specification to 

reduce cost– Conventional materials pushed to the limit of 

applicability

• When materials performance at limits of applicability– Not well documented in standards– More sensitive to statistical variation in 

properties 

• Statistics of material performance important for new materials and for new applications – Limited detail in standards– Specification of maximum or minimum values  

Risk perception

Pushing the limits 

Material property  uncertainty

Page 6: Subsea Expo 6 February 2019 - Championing the UK …...• Thermal conductivity • Melting point • Creep Surface related properties • Roughness • Bonding • Friction • Wear

Impact of Materials and Manufacture on TQP

• Product manufacture– Conventional machining Subtractive manufacture– 3D printing  Additive manufacture (multiple micro casting) – Casting  Additive manufacture (one‐shot macro casting)– Welding Additive manufacture (multiple pass casting)

• Conventional machining– Materials selected and tested ahead of product manufacture– Current API TQP recommends addressing materials testing at TRL 

2 before Prototype development

• Additive manufacture– Material properties obtained are unique and specific to the 

technology, manufacture or deployment method– Cannot address all material qualification before prototype 

manufacture– Have to include material manufacture/processing and material 

deployment in TQP

Page 7: Subsea Expo 6 February 2019 - Championing the UK …...• Thermal conductivity • Melting point • Creep Surface related properties • Roughness • Bonding • Friction • Wear

TRL ladder – Current Materials

• Conventional Manufacture– Material selected based on properties– Materials testing ahead of 

manufacture of prototype

MaterialReliabilitySpecimentesting

Component ReliabilityPrototypetesting 

Component Reliability

Production unit testing 

• Properties • Durability

• Function• Performance• Failure limits • Life• Reliability 

Factory component test 

conditions

• Function• Performance• Life• Reliability 

Field trial conditions

Component Reliability

Production unit Operations

Operational conditions

• Function• Performance• Life• Reliability 

Factory material 

test conditions

ASTM defined

TQPdefined

TRL 2 TRL 3 TRL 4 TRL 7TRL 5,6TRL 0,1

R&Dtesting

System integration

Production unit testing

SIT test conditions

• SIT tests

Page 8: Subsea Expo 6 February 2019 - Championing the UK …...• Thermal conductivity • Melting point • Creep Surface related properties • Roughness • Bonding • Friction • Wear

TRL Ladder – Additive Manufacture

• 3D Printing – Material properties dependent on 

manufacture method – Material property cannot be 

tested ahead of manufacture– Need to combine material and 

component testing • e.g. combined TRL2 & TRL3 

testing activities

• DNVGL‐CG‐0197– High level guidance on 

qualification of additive manufacture technologies

– No reference to TRL – Refers to DNVGL RP A203 for 

technology qualification process guidance 

AM ComponentReliabilityPrototypetesting

AM Component ReliabilityPrototypetesting 

• Properties • Durability

• Function• Performance• Failure limits • Life• Reliability 

TQP  Defined

New ASTM Testing Standards?

TRL 2 TRL 3

Page 9: Subsea Expo 6 February 2019 - Championing the UK …...• Thermal conductivity • Melting point • Creep Surface related properties • Roughness • Bonding • Friction • Wear

Example 1:Pipeline Repair

• Novel sealing material for repair of joints in low pressure gas pipelines– New resin material deployed in liquid form with in situ 

solidification

• Deployment involved in situ formation of the seal

• TRL 2 activities focused on:– Understanding required material properties– Specification of composition to meet the requirements

• TRL 3 activities included:– Sealing full scale joint with mock‐up deployment system– Replication of full scale deployment process 

Deployment activities normally addressed at TRL 4, 5 and 6 had to be considered at TRL 2 and 3

Page 10: Subsea Expo 6 February 2019 - Championing the UK …...• Thermal conductivity • Melting point • Creep Surface related properties • Roughness • Bonding • Friction • Wear

Example 2:Qualification of RECL’s Bi Alloy Well P&A plugs

• Deployed through in‐situ melting and solidification of Bi alloy

• Must meet 2 key requirements– Remain in place– No leakage over 3000 years

• Many properties affect plug performance 

• Qualification requires understanding interdependencies– Well conditions– Plug deployment method– Alloy properties– Alloy composition 

• TRL 2 focused on required properties and composition

• TRL 3 focused on reduced scale testing under simulated deployment conditions

Inherent bulk properties• Tensile strength• Compressive strength • Yield strength• Hardness• Stiffness• Coefficient of expansion• Thermal conductivity• Melting point• Creep

Surface related properties• Roughness• Bonding• Friction• Wear • Corrosion• Stress corrosion cracking

Deployment activities normally addressed at TRL 4, 5 and 6  had to be considered at TRL 2 and 3

Page 11: Subsea Expo 6 February 2019 - Championing the UK …...• Thermal conductivity • Melting point • Creep Surface related properties • Roughness • Bonding • Friction • Wear

Conclusions

• Industry acceptance of new materials and manufacturing technologies requires robust application of TQP to reduce risk and uncertainty– Activities normally addressed at TRL 4, 5 and 6 must be considered at TRL 2 and 3

• Current API TQP guidance on qualification of materials implicitly assumes “subtractive” manufacture for protypes and products

• Materials science knowledge is important in supporting the TQP process and must be integrated with detailed engineering and deployment knowledge for effective identification of qualification activities

• DNVGL‐CG‐0197 provides some high level guidance on qualification of “additive” manufacture technologies

• More detailed “how to” guidance may be needed to address materials and manufacturing /deployment technology issues in future technology qualification guidance documents

Page 12: Subsea Expo 6 February 2019 - Championing the UK …...• Thermal conductivity • Melting point • Creep Surface related properties • Roughness • Bonding • Friction • Wear

[email protected]

Thank you

www.astrimar.com