Subh Sadiq Presentation Seven Kings.ppt

7/29/2019 Subh Sadiq Presentation Seven Kings.ppt

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Allah has said: Indeed

prayers were prescribed forthe believers at set times"(Quran 4:103)

Farid Patel

http://salahtimes.wikispaces.com


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Responsibility

Imam Ibn Abideen As-Shami writes in

Radd Al-Muhtar:

It is Fardh(obligatory) for every person toknow the injunctions that apply to his everyday life so that he can avoid falling intoHaraam. (Volume 1, Page 42)


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Two Claims

1. 18 degrees is the time Ulama from aroundthe world have approved for at least thelast 1,000 years.

2. The timetable adopted by many Masajid in1989 and other Masajid last year does nothave the approval of the scholars who

have scrutinised it.


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Allah, the Most High, says:

"Eat and drink until the white thread becomes distinct toyou from the black thread of the dawn. Then resume the

fast till nightfall ... " [Al-Qur'n2:187]

Imam Qurtubi on pg 214:2:

.....

.,,:,,

When does Fajr begin?


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Subh Sadiqand

Subh Kazib


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Differences between Subh Sadiqand Subh Kazib


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Differences between Subh Sadiq and SubhKazib

Three differences between Subh Sadiq and Kazib:

1) Sadiq spreads horizontal, Kazib vertical.

2) After Subh Kazib it gets darker, after Subh Sadiq it gets

brighter.

3) Subh Sadiq is attached to the horizon, Subh Kazib is not.


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Summary

Subh Sadiq

Subh Kazib


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First Light or Spreading ofwhiteness

When does Fajr begin? Is it at first light or isit when the whiteness spreads?

Two terms used in AhadithGalas andIsfaar

Lets look at the evidence for this.


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Ahadith

When does Fajr start? (Tirmidh149)

:.

.:

Th l Ah dith I f


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There are also Ahadith on Isfarhowever


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Summary of discussion so far

Subh Kazib false dawn

Subh Sadiq true dawn

Galas first light

Isfar when whiteness spreads in

the horizon


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What is Twilight?

If the earth did not have an atmosphere, the skywould become dark immediately after sunset. Theearth's atmosphere causes scattering of sunlight so

that light reaches the observer before sunrise andafter sunset. This scattered light is called twilight.After sunset, as the depression of the sun increasesthe sky gets darker and darker until no scattered light

reaches the observer. Conversely, in the morning lightstarts to appear in the sky even before sunrise. Themorning twilight is called dawn whilst the eveningtwilight is known as dusk.


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In astronomy the twilight period is divided into civil, nautical

and astronomical twilight corresponding to solar depressions of6, 12 and 18 degrees respectively.

Civil twilight - roughly equivalent to lighting up time. Thebrightest stars are visible and at sea the horizon is clearlyvisible.

Nautical twilight - the horizon at sea ceases to be clearly

visible and it is impossible to determine altitudes with referenceto the horizon.

Astronomical twilight- when it is truly dark and no

perceptible twilight remains.

Twilight


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Introduction

The solar depression angles are based onwidespread actual sightings.

Calculations have been used for more than 1,000years.

Prayer times can be decided using calculations, incontrast with the Islamic months where physicalsighting of the moon is required.

Fiqh Council of MWL confirmed 18 for Fajr in2007 for Belgium. (Shaykh Ibn Uthaymeen and Al-Fawzan where members of the council at thistime)


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What is 18 degrees?


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Where is this from?

Hi


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History


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Here is a brief extract from chapter five of Dr. Ilyas' book (in italics):

" In modern times, astronomical twilight (18 degrees) has come to be widely usedfor the determination of isha and fajr times. As the average intensity curve of

evening twilight indicates, the flux decreases to a minimum level, and thus it wouldseem appropriate that even for Islamic purposes, this should indicate a reasonablestarting value for the end of 'astro-lslamic twilight' (AIT). Indeed, 18 degreesdepression was a commonly used value for fajr and isha in the medieval period,when it must have been based on careful observations. Nevertheless, slightvariations from this value- between 16 degrees and 20 degrees- were also used

during the medieval period. According to King, 20 degrees and 16 degrees werethe parameters used by Ibn Yunus for morning and evening AIT respectively,whereas 19 degrees and 17 degrees were the parameters used by various Egyptianastronomers. Nasr also refers to 19 degrees being used in the Islamic world for thefajr and isha times. King has confirmed that although Muslim astronomers widelyused 18 degrees/l8 degrees symmetrical values or a slight variation to 19

degrees/17 degrees (morning/evening)-and in a few (earlier) cases even 20degrees/16 degrees values were adopted-no record has been found of the use of avalue as small as 15 degrees.

(Astronomy of Islamic Times for the Twenty- first Century).


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When do the modern Scholars sayFajr and Isha occur?

Organisation Fajr-twilightangle

Isha-twilightangle

Region

University of

Islamic Sciences,

Karachi18 18

Pakistan, India,

Bangladesh, Afghanistan,

parts of Europe

Islamic Society ofNorth America

(ISNA)

18 18 Parts of USA & Canada,parts of UK

Muslim World

League

18 17 Europe, Far East, parts of

USA

Umm-Al-Qura,

Makkah

19 90 mins after

Maghrib, 120

mins during

Ramadhan

Arabian Peninsula

Egyptian General

Organisation of

Surveying19.5 17.5

Africa, Syria, Iraq, Lebanon,

Malaysia, parts of USA


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Ulama from Indo-Pak who support 18degrees

Fajr begins when the sun is 18 degrees below the horizon. This

basis has been confirmed by both scientific and religiousresearch carried out by a large number of scholars in bothfields. Mufti Taqi Uthmani

This is also the view of Shaykhul Hind Mufti Mahmudul Hasan Deobandi

Maulana Khalil Ahmed Saharanpuri (Both mentioned in Hal Ad Daqaiq fiTahqeeq As Subh As Sadiq)

Maulana Ashraf Ali Thanwi (Imdaadul FatawaVolume 1 Page 113)

Mufti Mahmud Al-Hasan Gangohi (Fatwa issued in 1983)

Maulana Saleem Dhorat (Leicester) Mufti Shabbir Saheb (Darul Ulum Bury)

Mufti Yusuf Sacha

Mufti Ismail Barkodhrawi (Khantaria)

Mufti Ahmad Khanpuri (Dhabel)


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Observations

Locations chosen where light pollution doesnot hinder the horizon have given verysimilar results.


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Green dots are

locations that

have shown Fajr

and Isha times at

times similar to

those around the

world.

The red dots areobservations

which have given

later subh sadiq

times.


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What about Salah Times in the Summer?

Why is it an issue?


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Solutions

Hadith of Sahih Muslim

DajjalWill one days prayer suffice for the prayers of theday equal to one year?

No, but you must make an estimate of the time.

Imam Nawawi mentions 4 methods:

1) Nearest Day2) Nearest city3) One seventh4) Half Night


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Salat - ul Isha

Although the scholars also believe thatIsha should also occur at 17 or 18degrees there is some leeway in this due

to the differences with regards to theevidences and also Ahadith that give theimpression that Isha time is not as fixed

as Fajr.


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When should a person perform Isha inSummer?

Opinion 1: Pray at correct time, even if late.

Opinion 2: Pray at an estimated time.

Opinion 3: Combine Isha with Maghrib andpray at Maghrib time.

All these opinions have their merits andweaknesses.


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When to Pray Isha in Summer

The male adult should join thecongregational prayer in the mosque that heusually prays in, whether they combine orchose any criteria for estimation.

For those who pray at home, pray Isha asclose as you can to the Shariah time.

Combining Isha with Maghrib at homeshould not be a habit, especially when there

is no pressing need.


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Summary so far

Observations that have been done in properconditions have shown that Fajr occurs whenthe Sun is 18 degrees below the horizon.

This is based on the idea that Fajr timestarts at Galas (first light) and not Isfaar(when the light spreads).

Any timetable that points towards Fajrbeing later than 18 degrees times should bescrutinised and observation results checked.


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Claim 2: The timetablecurrently used by many Masajid

in the UK is not acceptableaccording to Shariah.


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Salah Times in the UK

Many towns and cities of the UK are currently using atimetable devised by Hizbul Ulama UK also known asMoonsighting.com or Unified London Timetable.

The claims in the timetable appear to be perfect, and yet aninvestigation into the claims reveal glaring and seriouserrors.

These flaws have been put forward to Hizbul Ulama whohave failed to adequately respond to them.


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2) Hizb-ul-Ulama timetable times are

different to their own observed times.

Study the evidence in the followingslides:

Examples of Errors


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p


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At this meeting following was agreed:

For May and June Fajr beginning time be set atthe recorded time of Tabayyun as is permitted

by the Muftiyaane Kiram.(Fajr and Isha times and Twilight, page 113, Ml Y. Miftahi).


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Likewise for Fajar, the times observed for First Lightwould be used except for summer when the times

observed for Tabayyun (spreading of light along thehorizon) would be used.Again times will need to bephased to get from one to the other.This method results in some times that are inbetween times. This is what the criticsobjectto. However, as this method necessitates phasing toavoid jumping times it is perfectly valid particularly

as the times are within hudoode shariah.

Source: (Why Our Fasting Times are not Wrong, pg7, by Ml Miftahi)


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Tabayyun times for May & June:

Original Observed Times Times recommended to thePublic

May 15th = 1hour 33mins 1hour 48mins

May 22nd = 1hour 32mins 1hour 51mins

May 25th = 1hour 44mins 1hour 54mins

June 6th = 1hour 43mins 2 hours

June 13th = 1hour 54mins 2hours 4mins

M E


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More Errors2) Successful Fajr observations were only carried

out for 21 days from 365 days

3) Observers did not have the experience ofobserving

4) The location of observation was subject to lightpollution

5) Hizbul Ulama did not identify what they wereobserving, we dont know if times are first light ortabyeen or something in between.

Salams Mufti Sajid Saheb further to your request to enquire with Moulana


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Salams Mufti Sajid Saheb, further to your request to enquire with MoulanaAhmed Sidat and Qari Gulam Mohammad Patel regarding the 1988 BlackburnMushahadah, I have spoken with both of them and their replies are presentedbelow:

Moulana Ahmed Sidat:My recollection is that on two or maybe three occasions I was at Haji AdamPatel`s house here in Blackburn during the month of Ramadhan afterTaraweeh, we used to leave from there late at night and on these occasionsMoulana Yakub Miftahi Saheb took me in the car towards the area where thepresent Asda is and requested me to observe Subah Sadik, I really did notknow what was going on but do remember trying to observe Subah Sadik and

Moulana Yakub Miftahi Saheb showing me Subah Sadik. I just happened to bepresent at Haji Adam Patel`s house at those times.

Qari Gulam Mohammad Patel:At that time I had been in UK for six years and used to spend a lot of time atmy friend/relative Hafez Ahmed Bham`s house on Audley Range, on a fewoccasions I was at Hafez Ahmed Bhams house during Ramadhan after

Taraweeh when Moulana Yakub Miftahi Saheb came to pick up Hafez Ahmed,Hafez Ahmed informed Moulana Yakub Miftahi that I have a friend/relative athome and Moulana Yakub invited me to join them as well, this happened onfive occasions, at one time the late Moulana Ilyas (Imam of the LeytonstoneMasjid, London) was present as well and he also joined us, at that time I hadbeen in UK for six years and didnt know anything about Subah Sadik orShafaq, I just happened to be at Hafez Ahmed Bham`s house and joined upon

invite.


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Fatwa from Dar Al-Ulum Karachi

These errors (of the Hizbul UlamaTimetable) came about due to a lack ofknowledge with regards to (the nature of)

Subh Sadiq.

30th December 1990

Signed by Mufti Taqi Uthmani DB


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In astronomy the twilight period is divided into civil, nauticaland astronomical twilight corresponding to solar depressions of6, 12 and 18 degrees respectively.

Civil twilight - roughly equivalent to lighting up time. Thebrightest stars are visible and at sea the horizon is clearly

visible.

Nautical twilight - the horizon at sea ceases to be clearlyvisible and it is impossible to determine altitudes with referenceto the horizon.

Astronomical twilight- when it is truly dark and noperceptible twilight remains.


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Why should we accept therecommendations?

1) Supported with evidence ofastronomers and scholars.

2) Supported by observations of expertsin UK, Saudi Arabia and other parts of

the world.

3) Its easy to follow.

Subh Sadiq Presentation Seven Kings.ppt

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