Study Sheet: Italian Mannerismcf.edliostatic.com/woDeZfeWYCmm97dxlZ7sFUxRu4D3nkyN.pdf · Study...

Study Sheet: Italian Mannerism4.1.2 Study: Italian Mannerism Study Sheet

Art Appreciation (S1685685) Name: ____________________ Date: ____________

Study Sheet: Italian Mannerism http://acecontent.apexlearning.com/Live/online/art_2010/Unit_...

1 of 4 10/15/12 2:20 PM

Use the space below to make any sketches, drawings, or additional notes to help you remember what youhave learned.


2 of 4 10/15/12 2:20 PM

Print as many of these key term note cards out as you need for the study. Leave them whole on the sheet orcut them out to make flash cards. Take extra notes and draw pictures to help you remember each term.

You will be tested on key terms in quizzes and tests.

Mannerism An art movement characterized by distortion, daring color, unbalanced compositions,and emotional expression. It was developed between 1520 and 1600 in reaction to


3 of 4 10/15/12 2:20 PM

the serenity of the Renaissance.

Jacopo daPontormo

(1494 - 1557) An Italian painter and a leader of the Mannerist movement who paintedportraits and religious subject matter.

Major work: The Descent from the Cross, ca. 1525.

Parmigianino (1503 - 1540) An Italian Mannerist painter.

Major works: Self-Portrait in a Convex Mirror, ca. 1523; Madonna with the LongNeck, ca. 1535.

distortion An artistic technique used to create exaggerated or unrealistic perspectives orpositions.

JacopoTintoretto

(1519 - 1594) A Mannerist painter from Venice particularly influenced by Venetiancolor and drama.

Major work: Last Supper, 1594.

El Greco (1541 - 1614) A Greek painter known for his dramatic paintings and elongated figures;he spent most of his active career in Renaissance Spain.

Major works: The View of Toledo, ca. 1604; The Vision of Saint John, 1608 - 1614.

The Vision ofSaint John

A painting by the Mannerist El Greco completed between 1608 and 1614 that tells astory from the New Testament book of Revelation. The distorted and abstract natureof both the figures and the background is characteristic of the artist's innovative andunique style.

Copyright © 2012 Apex Learning Inc. (See Terms of Use at www.apexvs.com/TermsOfUse)


4 of 4 10/15/12 2:20 PM

Study Sheet: Baroque in the 17th Century4.1.3 Study: Baroque in the 17th Century Study Sheet


Study Sheet: Baroque in the 17th Century http://acecontent.apexlearning.com/Live/online/art_2010/Unit_...

1 of 5 10/15/12 2:22 PM



2 of 5 10/15/12 2:22 PM



Baroque A period lasting from roughly 1550 to 1750 in which rich artwork was produced forboth Catholics and Protestants. The Catholic Baroque is characterized by drama


3 of 5 10/15/12 2:22 PM

and dynamic compositions, while the Protestant Baroque is known for lush everydayscenes, portraits, and still lifes.

Bolognese artacademy

A school for artists founded in 1582 by painter Annibale Carracci and members ofhis family. It was the first institution geared to educate artists about Classicalprinciples, styles, and philosophies.

Annibale Carracci (1560 - 1609) An Italian painter who pioneered the Baroque concept of the heroiclandscape. He and other members of the Carracci family started the Bolognese artacademy.

Major work: The Flight into Egypt, 1603 - 1604.

heroic landscape A Baroque style of ideal landscape painting that reflected the universal truths ofbalance and harmony of nature by creating vast and beautiful scenes, usually takenfrom biblical or mythological stories. This style is exemplified by the works ofPoussin and Lorrain.

The Flight intoEgypt

A circa 1603 painting by Annibale Carracci that depicts Joseph and Mary's journeyfrom Jerusalem into Egypt. It is an early example of the heroic Baroque landscape.Instead of a desert, it places the figures in a serene and lush setting typical of Greekand Roman art.

MichelangeloMerisi daCaravaggio

(1573 - 1610) An Italian painter best known for his use of light to create realisticpaintings, mostly of religious subjects. He is credited with inventing the tenebroso or"dark manner" technique.

Major work: The Calling of Saint Matthew, ca. 1599.

tenebroso From the Italian for "dark and gloomy," the term describes paintings created withintense chiaroscuro to highlight extremes of light and dark within a single area;Caravaggio is generally credited with its invention. Also called dark manner.

The Calling ofSaint Matthew

A circa 1599 painting by Caravaggio that exemplifies the artist's use of tenebroso, inthis case to add drama to the biblical scene. It depicts Saint Matthew learning of hisdestiny from Jesus Christ.

ArtemisiaGentileschi

(1593 - ca. 1651) An Italian painter considered to be a "Caravaggista" (a closefollower of Caravaggio). The first woman admitted to the Academy of the Arts ofDrawing, she was respected and protected by the Medici family.

Major works: Judith Beheading Holofernes, first version, 1612; second and largerversion, 1614.

Diego Velázquez (1599 - 1660) A Spanish Baroque painter who spent most of his career as KingPhillip IV's official royal court painter. He is best known for painting portraits andscenes from history and mythology.

Major work: Las Meninas, 1656.


4 of 5 10/15/12 2:22 PM

Las Meninas Spanish for "The Maids of Honor," this Diego Velázquez masterpiece (1656 ) depictsVelázquez himself painting the king and queen of Spain as their daughter,Margarita, bursts in with her attendants. All the figures interact with one another andwith the viewer in such interesting ways that this piece is still discussed and debatedtoday.

Peter PaulRubens

(1577 - 1640) A Flemish painter and accomplished businessman, linguist, anddiplomat. Known for landscapes and portraits, Rubens displayed a knowledge ofClassical form and technique in his paintings. He often painted scenes that reflectedhis distaste for war and his desire for peace.

Major works: The Fall of Phaeton,, ca. 1605; Marie de' Medici cycle, 1621 - 1625;Allegory on the Blessings of Peace, 1629 - 1630.

Rubenesque A term named after the style of Peter Paul Rubens to describe a voluptuous orcurvy female figure.

Allegory on theBlessings ofPeace

A circa 1629 painting by Peter Paul Rubens that displays a stark contrast between aforeground depicting peace, prosperity, and happiness and a background showingwar and suffering.



5 of 5 10/15/12 2:22 PM

Study Sheet: Poussin and the Return to the Renaissance4.2.1 Study: Poussin and the Return to theRenaissance

Study Sheet


Study Sheet: Poussin and the Return to the Renaissance http://acecontent.apexlearning.com/Live/online/art_2010/Unit_...

1 of 5 10/15/12 2:23 PM



2 of 5 10/15/12 2:23 PM


3 of 5 10/15/12 2:23 PM



NicolasPoussin

(1594 - 1665) A French Classical painter, active in Italy, who believed that heroicnarratives were worth painting; he created the Grand Manner style.

Major works: The Rape of the Sabine Women, 1633; Et in Arcadia Ego, ca. 1655.


4 of 5 10/15/12 2:23 PM

GrandManner

A 17th- and 18th-century style, championed by Nicolas Poussin and based on Classicalart, that incorporated the science and naturalism of the Renaissance with metaphoricalsubject matter. Also called great style.

The Rape ofthe SabineWomen

A circa 1633 painting by Nicolas Poussin that depicts a scene in which the Romanscapture Sabine women to take them as their wives. This classical story is bothphysically and emotionally dramatic, and the painting is a good example of Poussin'suse of heroic subject matter and the Grand Manner of painting.

ClaudeLorrain

(1604 - 1682) A French Baroque painter who lived and worked in Italy. He is famous forpainting heroic landscapes and seascapes and for experimenting with light.

Major works: Embarkation of St. Paula Romana at Ostia, ca. 1639; Aeneas at Delos,1672; The Book of Truth, collected sketches of each of his works considered a work ofart unto itself.



5 of 5 10/15/12 2:23 PM

Study Sheet: Holland Turns to Art4.2.2 Study: Holland Turns to Art Study Sheet


Study Sheet: Holland Turns to Art http://acecontent.apexlearning.com/Live/online/art_2010/Unit_...

1 of 4 10/15/12 3:20 PM



2 of 4 10/15/12 3:20 PM



Rembrandt van Rijn (1606 - 1669) An artist considered to be the best Dutch painter of his time. Heis known for dark, emotionally charged paintings and subtle, detailed portraits.


3 of 4 10/15/12 3:20 PM

Major works: Anatomy Lesson of Dr Tulp, 1632; The Blinding of Samson, ca.1636; The Sampling Officials of the Draper's Guild, 1662.

The Sampling Officialsof the Drapers' Guild

A circa 1662 group portrait by Rembrandt that is a prime example of his use ofdelicate light and subtle details. Rembrandt's portrayal of the individual traits ofeach person heightens the relationships among the figures.

genre art A style of artwork in which everyday scenes are depicted, often with greatdetail and subtle symbolism. It was first popular in 17th-century Holland.

Johannes Vermeer (1632 - 1675) A Dutch painter best known for his ability to create genre sceneswith realistic light and detail through his use of underpainting and glazing. Alsoknown as Jan Vermeer.

Major works: The Girl with the Pearl Earring, 1655; The Milkmaid, ca. 1657.

The Milkmaid A circa 1657 genre painting by Jan Vermeer that depicts a housemaid pouringmilk. The activity represents a model of domestic virtue, painted here usingrealistic human form and idealized light.

glazing A technique in which paints are thinned and applied in many layers to apreviously painted surface, resulting in the appearance of reflected light.

underpainting A painting used as a base for glazing or further painting.



4 of 4 10/15/12 3:20 PM

Study Sheet: Academia and the Birth of Rococo4.3.1 Study: Academia and the Birth of Rococo Study Sheet


Use the space below to make any sketches, drawings, or additional notes to help you remember what you

Study Sheet: Academia and the Birth of Rococo http://acecontent.apexlearning.com/Live/online/art_2010/Unit_...

1 of 4 10/15/12 2:23 PM

have learned.


2 of 4 10/15/12 2:23 PM



French RoyalAcademy

An art school founded in 1648. Its views were based on the theory and work of NicolasPoussin, with a focus on Classical art and philosophy. It developed a ranking systemfor artists past and present.


3 of 4 10/15/12 2:23 PM

Rococo An art movement of the 18th century characterized by delicate colors, curvedasymmetrical lines, and carefree content.

Jean-AntoineWatteau

(1684 - 1721) A French painter and draftsman who pioneered the Rococo style. He isbest known for painting charming theatrical scenes.

Major work: The Embarkation for Cythera, 1717.

The Embarkationfor Cythera

A 1717 masterpiece by Watteau. It is a theatrical and frivolous portrayal of theparadise of Venus, the Roman goddess of love. Typical of the Rococo style, it isconsidered to mark the beginning of the Rococo period.

Élisabeth-LouiseVigée-Le Brun

(1755 - 1842) A French Rococo artist who became popular by painting portraits ofroyalty and aristocrats; especially known for her many portraits of French queen MarieAntoinette.

Major works: Peace Bringing Back Prosperity, 1780; Marie Antoinette in Muslin,1786; Lady Hamilton as the Persian Sybil, ca. 1792.

French Revolution A period of political change and revolution in France (1789 - 1799) when the commonman rose up against the aristocracy. It ended in the Reign of Terror, during which closeto 40,000 people were killed.



4 of 4 10/15/12 2:23 PM

Study Sheet: Morality and the Great Style of England4.3.2 Study: Morality and the Great Style of England Study Sheet


Use the space below to make any sketches, drawings, or additional notes to help you remember what you

Study Sheet: Morality and the Great Style of England http://acecontent.apexlearning.com/Live/online/art_2010/Unit_...

1 of 4 10/15/12 2:24 PM

have learned.


2 of 4 10/15/12 2:24 PM



Jean-Baptiste-Siméon Chardin

(1699 - 1779) A French painter and draftsman who rejected the fantastical andwhimsical tendencies of his Rococo contemporaries. Praised by Denis Diderot, the firstmodern art critic, he is best known for his still lifes and for painting in pastels. He was


3 of 4 10/15/12 2:24 PM

an extremely active member of the French Royal Academy.

Major works: The Ray, 1728; The Return from Market, 1738; Girl with Racket andShuttlecock, ca. 1740.

The Ray A 1728 kitchen scene painted by Chardin that earned him entrance to the French RoyalAcademy. Meant to portray the simplicity of everyday life, it is grounded and modest incontrast to the fantastical and lavish Rococo paintings common at the time.

England's RoyalAcademy of Art

England's first official school of art since the Middle Ages, founded in 1768. It focusedon history painting and was based on Classical and Renaissance values.

Sir JoshuaReynolds

(1723 - 1792) An English painter and writer who worked in the Grand Manner, paintingnoble, heroic subjects in perfect proportion. It is estimated that he created 3,000paintings, mostly portraits. He was a founding member and president of the RoyalAcademy of Arts.

Major works: Lord Burghersh, 1764; Colonel Acland and Lord Sydney: The Archers,1769.

Sir ThomasGainsborough

(1727 - 1788) An English landscape and portrait painter who relied on his observationof nature rather than formal techniques. He was a founding member of the RoyalAcademy of Arts.

Major works: Mr. and Mrs. Andrews, ca. 1750; Mrs. Sarah Siddons, ca. 1784.

William Hogarth (1697 - 1764) English painter, illustrator, and satirist famous for his many print seriesand for creating the morality play genre.

Major works: A Rake's Progress, 1732 - 1734; Marriage à la Mode, ca. 1743.

morality play A genre created in the 1730s by William Hogarth, in which a series of prints depictssubjects such as a cast of actors in a play. Each series contains repeated symbols orimages that unify the story and send a moral message to viewers.



4 of 4 10/15/12 2:24 PM

Review: Baroque and Rococo4.4.1 Review: Baroque and Rococo Review Review


Use your notes from the studies to begin your review. Check the questions and answers from the study sheetsyou got on the first page of each study.

Also, review the key terms for each lesson. They're found on each lesson overview page. Make sure you knowwhat each key term means before you take the test.

The following checklist will help you figure out if you're ready to take the test. If you check "No" for anyquestion, go back to the lesson and activity where the information appears and review that information.

Question Yes No Location

The Early BaroquePeriod

Can you define Mannerism and list its defining features? Italian Mannerism

Do you know who Jacopo da Pontormo and Jacopo Tintoretto areand what contributions each made to Italian Mannerism?

Italian Mannerism

Can you explain what distortion is and how it was used byParmigianino?

Italian Mannerism

Do you know what made El Greco's works such as The Vision ofSaint John examples of Mannerism taken to extreme levels?

Italian Mannerism

Can you list and explain the main characteristics of the Baroque? Baroque in the 17thCentury

Do you understand why Baroque art helped advance the messageof the Catholic Church during the Counter-Reformation?

Baroque in the 17thCentury

Do you know who Annibale Carracci is and what the focus of theBolognese Art Academy was?


Do you know who Caravaggio and Gentileschi are, and can youexplain their use of tenebroso?


Can you explain the characteristics and importance of LasMeninas by Velázquez?


Do you know who Peter Paul Rubens is and can you explain themain characteristics of his work, especially his Rubenesque


Review: Baroque and Rococo http://acecontent.apexlearning.com/Live/online/art_2010/Unit_...

1 of 3 10/15/12 2:24 PM

figures and political messages?

The Late BaroquePeriod

Do you know who Nicolas Poussin is and how his values as anartist led to the development of the Grand Manner of painting?

Poussin and the Returnto the Renaissance

Can you discuss The Rape of the Sabine Women and what makesit a perfect example of the Grand Manner?


Do you know what the characteristics of a heroic landscape are? Poussin and the Returnto the Renaissance

Do you know who Claude Lorrain is and what his majorcontributions to the Baroque were, especially as a landscapepainter?


Do you know who Rembrandt is and what characterized hispaintings and engravings?

Holland Turns to Art

Can you explain Rembrandt's approach to portraits, includinggroup and self-portraits, and can you describe how his portraitschanged over the years?


Do you understand the effects of the Protestant Church onBaroque portraits, genre art, and still lifes, especially in Holland?


Can you explain how glazing and underpainting affected the worksof Johannes Vermeer?


Art in 18th-CenturyEurope

Can you define the French Royal Academy and its artisticinfluences and values?

Academia and the Birthof Rococo

Can you explain how the split of the French Royal Academy intoPoussinistes and Rubenistes resulted in the Rococo style?


Can you list the major characteristics of the Rococo style aspioneered by Jean-Antoine Watteau?


Do you know who Vigée-Le Brun is and what her majorcontributions to Rococo art were?


Can you explain why the French Revolution ended the Rococoperiod?


Do you know who Chardin is and why his focus on everydayobjects (as seen in The Ray) made him so popular?

Morality and the "GreatStyle" of England

Can you explain why virtue was such an important quality in art bythe middle of the 18th century?



2 of 3 10/15/12 2:24 PM

Can you define England's Royal Academy of Art and its artisticinfluences and values?


Do you know who Sir Joshua Reynolds is and what his majorcontributions to England's Royal Academy of Art were?


Do you know who Sir Thomas Gainsborough is and why he andReynolds would often paint the same subject?


Do you know who William Hogarth is and what characterized himas an artist?


Can you define what a morality play is and how it uses satire tosend a message to viewers?




3 of 3 10/15/12 2:24 PM

Study Sheet: Italian Mannerismcf.edliostatic.com/woDeZfeWYCmm97dxlZ7sFUxRu4D3nkyN.pdf · Study...

Documents

Transcript of Study Sheet: Italian Mannerismcf.edliostatic.com/woDeZfeWYCmm97dxlZ7sFUxRu4D3nkyN.pdf · Study...