Study Guide for Latin 1 National Latin Exam
description
Transcript of Study Guide for Latin 1 National Latin Exam
![Page 1: Study Guide for Latin 1 National Latin Exam](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081417/56816519550346895dd79623/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
STUDY GUIDE FOR LATIN 1 NATIONAL LATIN EXAM
![Page 2: Study Guide for Latin 1 National Latin Exam](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081417/56816519550346895dd79623/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Nouns:
1st 2nd Mas 2nd N 3rd M/F 3rdN
Nom (subj) a us/r um --- ---
Gen (Poss ae ī ī is is Dat (I.Ob) ae ō ō ī ī Acc (D.Ob) am um um em ---- Abl (O/prep) ā ō ō e e
![Page 3: Study Guide for Latin 1 National Latin Exam](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081417/56816519550346895dd79623/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
PLURAL FORMS 1st 2nd Mas 2nd N 3rd M/F 3rdN
Nom (subj) ae i a es a Gen (Poss arum orum orum um
um Dat (I.Ob) is is is ībus ibus Acc (D.Ob) as os a es a Abl (O/prep) is is is ibus
ibus
![Page 4: Study Guide for Latin 1 National Latin Exam](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081417/56816519550346895dd79623/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
1 Nominative:
subject and predicate nominative
![Page 5: Study Guide for Latin 1 National Latin Exam](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081417/56816519550346895dd79623/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
2 Genitive:
possession (of, ‘s, s’)
![Page 6: Study Guide for Latin 1 National Latin Exam](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081417/56816519550346895dd79623/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
3 Dative:
indirect object (to/for) with verbs of giving, saying, showing, telling, entrusting
![Page 7: Study Guide for Latin 1 National Latin Exam](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081417/56816519550346895dd79623/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
4 Accusative: direct object and object of the
following prepositions: ad –to, toward, near ante –before, in front of circum -around In –into, onto per -through post –after, behind contra -against inter-between, among prope –near trans –across
![Page 8: Study Guide for Latin 1 National Latin Exam](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081417/56816519550346895dd79623/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
5 Ablative: ablative of means (no Latin preposition= by means of, with, by)
object of the following prepositions (SID SPACE) Sub -under Sine –without In –in, on Prō- on behalf of, for Dē- about, down from Ab/ā – away, from
Cum- with Ex/ē –out of, out from
![Page 9: Study Guide for Latin 1 National Latin Exam](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081417/56816519550346895dd79623/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
6 Vocative:
direct address –used in questions and commands; often punctuated with “ ”, ! or ?
![Page 10: Study Guide for Latin 1 National Latin Exam](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081417/56816519550346895dd79623/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
PRONOUNS:
![Page 11: Study Guide for Latin 1 National Latin Exam](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081417/56816519550346895dd79623/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
-personal: ego, tū, nōs, vōs (nominative, dative, accusative and
ablative) I/me you we/us you
Nom ego tū nōs vōs Gen meī tuī nōstrum
vestrum Dat mihi tibi nōbīs vōbīs Acc mē tē nōs vōs Abl mē tē nōbīs vōbīs
![Page 12: Study Guide for Latin 1 National Latin Exam](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081417/56816519550346895dd79623/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
-interrogative: quis, quid, quī (nominative and accusative
only) (uses ? mark) Who? Who? What? Nom S quis quis quid Acc S quem quem quid Who (pl)? Who (pl)? What
(pl)? Nom pl quī quae quae Acc pl quōs quās quae
![Page 13: Study Guide for Latin 1 National Latin Exam](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081417/56816519550346895dd79623/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Adjectives: Declensions 1st and 2nd (masculine, feminine and neuter) see noun chart above
-noun and adjective agreement = number, gender and case -interrogative: quot =how many
![Page 14: Study Guide for Latin 1 National Latin Exam](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081417/56816519550346895dd79623/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Numbers:
Cardinal numbers 1-10; unus, duo, tres/tria, quattuor, quinque, sex, septem, octo, novem, decem
100 –centum and 1000- milleRoman numerals 1-100:
I (1), V(5), X(10), L(50), C(100), D(500), M(1000)
![Page 15: Study Guide for Latin 1 National Latin Exam](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081417/56816519550346895dd79623/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Adverbs: positive forms made from from first
and second declension adjectives (usually ly in English)
-formation: pulcher, pulchrA, pulchrum=beautiful:
remove the ‘A’ from feminine, replace with ē = pulchrē = beautifully
-interrogatives: cur, (why?) ubi (where?) quomodo (how?)
-irregulars: bene (well), male (badly)
![Page 16: Study Guide for Latin 1 National Latin Exam](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081417/56816519550346895dd79623/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Conjunctions:
aut, (or) et (and)
quod (because) sed (but) ubi (when) neque, (and not/neither/nor)et...et, (both… and) neque...neque (neither…nor)
![Page 17: Study Guide for Latin 1 National Latin Exam](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081417/56816519550346895dd79623/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Enclitic:
-ne (indicates a question –do not use with question word like how, when, who, etc)
-que (attach on the second of the 2 words/phrases; translate before the second of the 2 words e.g. peanut butter and jelly = peanut butter jellyQUE
![Page 18: Study Guide for Latin 1 National Latin Exam](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081417/56816519550346895dd79623/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Verbs: Translations of 4 tenses: Present, Imperfect, Future,
Perfect:
Present: I verb I do verb I am verbing
Imperfect: I was verbing I used to verb I kept verbing
Future: I shall/will verb
Perfect: I have verbed I verbed I did verb
![Page 19: Study Guide for Latin 1 National Latin Exam](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081417/56816519550346895dd79623/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Conjugations 1st – 4th -are: -ēre: -ere: -ire Subj. Present Imperfect Fut 1st/2nd Fut 3rd/4th Perfect
I -ō -bam -bō -am -ī
You -s -bās -bis -ēs -istī
He, she, it -t -bat -bit -et -it
We -mus -bāmus -bimus -ēmus -imus
You plural -tis -bātis -bitis -ētis -istis
They -nt -bant -bunt -ent -ērunt
![Page 20: Study Guide for Latin 1 National Latin Exam](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081417/56816519550346895dd79623/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
-present active imperative singular and plural
= verb! 1st 2nd 3rd 4th ā āte ē ēte ĕ ĭte ī īte
![Page 21: Study Guide for Latin 1 National Latin Exam](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081417/56816519550346895dd79623/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
-present active infinitive= to verb 1st 2nd 3rd 4th
-āre -ēre ere -īre
![Page 22: Study Guide for Latin 1 National Latin Exam](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081417/56816519550346895dd79623/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
-negative imperativenoli, nolite + infinitive = don’t verb! e.g. nōlī amāre = don’t love! Nolite amare = ya’ll don’t love!
![Page 23: Study Guide for Latin 1 National Latin Exam](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081417/56816519550346895dd79623/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
-irregular verb sum, esse, fuī, futūrus (to be): (4 tenses) present,
imperfect, future, perfect
Present Imperfect Future Perfect sum eram erō fuī
es erās eris fuistī est erat erit fuit sumus erāmus erimus fuimus estis erātis eritis fuistis sunt erant erunt fuērunt
![Page 24: Study Guide for Latin 1 National Latin Exam](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081417/56816519550346895dd79623/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
II. CULTURE AND CIVILIZATION
![Page 25: Study Guide for Latin 1 National Latin Exam](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081417/56816519550346895dd79623/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
-Geography: Roman world, e.g., Roma, Italia,
Graecia, Britannia, Hispania, Mare Nostrum, Tiber River
Important Italian locations, e.g., Ostia, Pompeii, Mt. Vesuvius, Brundisium, Apennine Mts
Provinces and major cities, e.g., Africa, Athens, Gallia, Carthage, Asia Minor, Troy
![Page 26: Study Guide for Latin 1 National Latin Exam](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081417/56816519550346895dd79623/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
-Mythology: Olympians (Greek/Roman names)
symbols, duties; founding of Rome, Romulus and Remus
Olympians and associated myths, e.g., Daphne and Apollo, Arachne and Minerva;
Major heroes and monsters, e.g., Hercules, Aeneas, Medusa, Cyclops
Trojan war, e.g., Achilles, Hector, Ulysses, Helen
![Page 27: Study Guide for Latin 1 National Latin Exam](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081417/56816519550346895dd79623/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
-Roman life: city of Rome, e.g.,
Forum, Circus Maximus, Colosseum; Palatine Hill, Via Appia, Curia
![Page 28: Study Guide for Latin 1 National Latin Exam](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081417/56816519550346895dd79623/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
-Daily Life villa,
E.g. atrium, triclinium, insulae -clothing,
e.g., toga, tunica, stola; Roman household,
e.g., pater, mater, servus, filius, filia -meals,
e.g., ientaculum, prandium, cena, culina -architectural structures and their functions:
e.g., aqueduct, thermae, circus, amphitheater, curia, basilica
![Page 29: Study Guide for Latin 1 National Latin Exam](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081417/56816519550346895dd79623/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
HISTORY:
![Page 30: Study Guide for Latin 1 National Latin Exam](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081417/56816519550346895dd79623/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
-Basic historical divisions:Monarchy- 753BC-509 BC – kings are highest ruling officials
Republic – 509 BC-27BC – consuls are highest officials
Empire – 27 BC -476 – emperors are highest ruling officials
![Page 31: Study Guide for Latin 1 National Latin Exam](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081417/56816519550346895dd79623/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
-Kings of Rome: 1. Romulus, 2. Numa Pompilius, 3.
Tullus Hostilius, 4. Ancus Martius, 5. Tarquinius Priscus, 6. Servius Tullius, 7. Tarquinius Superbus
2. -Early Roman heroes-Horatius, Cincinnatus, Mucius Scaevola
![Page 32: Study Guide for Latin 1 National Latin Exam](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081417/56816519550346895dd79623/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
III. LATIN IN USE -Basic spoken phrases:
e.g., Salve, salvete hello Quid agis? How are you? / What are you doing? Quid est nomen tibi? What’s your name? Vale, valete goodbye Ita vero, Yes! Minime, no! Quid est? What is it? Quis est? Who is it? Gratias tibi ago, Thank you Sol lucet, The sun is shining Quota hora est? What time is it? Adsum, I am present Quid novi? What’s new?
![Page 33: Study Guide for Latin 1 National Latin Exam](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081417/56816519550346895dd79623/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
-Derivatives: English words based on Latin roots, prefixes and suffixes e.g., agriculture, aquarium, portable, lunar, octet ; sedentary, sorority, puerile, quadruped