Study Guide for First Quiz
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Transcript of Study Guide for First Quiz
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Study Guide for First Quiz
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Science Word Parts on Quiz Tomorrow
Prefix MEANINGanti- againstatmo- vaporchromo-
color
con- togetherdi- doubleendo- withinexo- outsidehetero- differenthomo- samehydro- water
Prefix MEANINGanti- againstatmo- vaporchromo-
color
con- togetherdi- doubleendo- withinexo- outsidehetero- differenthomo- samehydro- water
Suffix MEANING-ation the act of-escent becoming
-graphy description of
-ogy study of-meter device for measuring
-scope instrument for seeing
-sphere round
-stasis stationary condition
-therm heat--verge turn
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absorbDefinition
• To collect, or take inFacts/Examples/NonExample• Dark colors absorb heat• Light is absorbed or
reflected• Leaves absorb sunlight in
order to make food (photosynthesize)
• Sound waves are absorbed or reflected (echo)
• Cells absorb nutrients from their environment
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acquired traitsDefinition
• Characteristic that an organisms develops because of its environment
Facts/Examples/NonExample• traits NOT from parent, but
from environment• Help organism survive
better• Trait develops because of
environmental conditions• Ex: culture, language, larger
muscles, acquired skill such as riding a bike
• Nonex: hair color, freckles, gender ----- inherited traits
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adaptations Definition
• Traits that help plants and animals survive better
Facts/Examples/NonExample• Body parts of behaviors that
help an organisms to survive • more adaptations better
chances for survival (Darwin)• EX: Galapagos Islands finches
with beaks adapted to what they feed on/ camouflage/ speed/ special coloration
• NONEX: traits that make survival less likely
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atmosphereDefinition
• blanket of gases that surround the Earth
Facts/Examples/NonExample• 78% nitrogen• 21% oxygen• Mixture of nitrogen, oxygen
and other gases in much smaller amounts
• Reduces in pressure as you go up in elevation
• Several layers that have different properties
• NONEX: hydrosphere, lithosphere, biosphere
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atomsDefinition
• Smallest form of matterFacts/Examples/NonExample• Atoms bond together to form
molecules• Solids, liquids, gases, and plasma –
made of atoms• Atoms contain particles:
– Protons (+)– neutrons(no charge)– electrons(-)
• Invisible and mostly empty spaceEX: Hydrogen atoms and all elements of
the Periodic TableNONEX: Molecules are MADE OF atoms
bonded together
Memory Pictograph
Carbon Atom – Atomic # 6
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balance of natureDefinition
• Balance and variety of species in a community
Facts/Examples/NonExample• Helps prevent overpopulation• Birth rate and death rate are
similar• Waste of one species is food
source for another species• EX: bacteria are decomposers/
roaches are scavengers• NONEX: Lake Erie dead zones
from too much algae growth kills fish in sudden die off event
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balance scaleDefinition
• Instrument used to measure mass (amount of matter)of an object
Facts/Examples/NonExample• Measuring tool• Works like a lever • Compares unknown mass to known
mass• Measures in metric: grams (g) or kilograms (kg)• Heavy mass goes down/ light mass
goes up• EX: triple beam balance• NONEX: human weight scale –
measures mass and pull of gravity on you which depends on whether you are on Earth, moon, or another planet
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benefitDefinition
• Something that provides and advantage to an organism
Facts/Examples/NonExample• Anything that helps a
species survive• Benefits come with risksEX: pesticides can benefit
humans by reducing mosquito populations BUT organisms that feed off mosquitoes (bats, birds, fish, frogs) will be harmed
NONEX: no long term benefit to using up all the resources
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cellsDefinition
• Basic unit of all living thingsFacts/Examples/NonExample• Animal cells usually round• Plant cells usually more squared
off• Human body made up of trillions
of cells• All cells come from other living
cells• EX: prokaryote (no nucleus) and
eukaryote (has nucleus) cells• NONEX: atoms and molecules are
matter that help to make up cells but cells are alive and matter is not
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cell wallDefinition
• Outer boundary of a plant, fungi, and bacteria cells
Facts/Examples/NonExample• Hard rigid boundary that
provides support and protection
• Explains why plants do not move about well
• Can bend, but will not move• EX: made of cellulose and
makes wood hard and durable
• NONEX: animal cells do NOT have cell walls
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