Study Guide Answers
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Study Guide AnswersChapter 6- American Revolution
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Patriot• Colonist who supports the fight for independence.
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Loyalist• Colonists who continue to support the British.• They felt taxation and representation were not enough
reasons to stand up to the mother country.
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Neutral• Colonists who did not choose sides. They neither supported
the British nor the Patriots.
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Mercenaries• Groups of soldiers hired to fight for pay.
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Guerilla War• A hit-and-run war technique used primarily in the South by
militia groups.• Francis Marion was a famous guerilla leader.
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Privateers• Armed merchant ships
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Tory• Name given to loyalists, those who supported the British.
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Inflation• Printing of money with little gold and silver to back it up.• The money becomes worthless.
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French nobleman who became Washington’s trusted aide
• Marquis de Lafayette
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Mercenaries hired by the British to fight the Continental Army
• Hessians
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Leader of the British forces who surrendered at Yorktown
• Charles Cornwallis
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Drilled Patriots are Valley Forge
• Friedrich von Steuben
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Guerilla Leader
• Francis Marion
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A plan of action• Strategy
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Governor of the Spanish territory of Louisiana and American ally
• Bernado de Galvez
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1. Long Island• Battle of: Long Island• Date : August of 1776• Place: New York• Who: 20,000 British and 10,000 American Continental Army
soldiers• Winner: The British drove the Americans from Brooklyn and
forced them to evacuate New York.
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2. Trenton• Battle: Trenton• Date: 25th December 1776• Place: Trenton, New Jersey on the Delaware River• Who: 2,400 Americans against 1,200 Hessians and British
troops• Winner: The battle was a resounding physical and moral
victory for Washington and his American troops.
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3. Philadelphia (Brandywine)• Battle: Philadelphia Brandywine Creek• Date: 11th September 1777• Place: Pennsylvania, west of Philadelphia• Who: 6,000 British and Hessian troops against 8,000 American
soldiers.• Winner: The British and Hessians were left occupying the field
having driven the Americans from their position on Brandywine Creek.
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4. Saratoga• Battle: SARATOGA• Date: 17th October 1777• Place: Saratoga on the Hudson River in New York State.• Who: 5,000 British and German troops against the 12,000
Americans.• Winner: The Americans forced the surrender of British forces.
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5. Yorktown• Battle: YORKTOWN• Date: October 1781• Place: Virginia, United States of America• Who: About 16,000 Americans and French against 8,000
British• Winner: Surrounded by American forces, Cornwallis
surrenders to George Washington.
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1. America declared independence from on July ,
• Great Britain• 4th, 1776
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2. _______________________ were German mercenaries that fought for the British.
• Hessians
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3. The Hessians’ main goal for winning the war was .
• Money
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4. During the winter of 1777, many of Washington’s soldiers _________________, or left the army at Valley Forge.
• deserted
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5. __________________________________ ___ led the soldiers that captured the British town of Vincennes in 1779.
• George Rogers Clark
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6. The battle of was a turning point in the war. It showed other nations we might win the war.
• Saratoga
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7. And help America by supplying troops and supplies.
• France • Spain
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8. John Adams convinced banking houses to lend us $12 million to support the war.
• Dutch (the Netherlands)
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9. The Treaty of Paris was ___________________, or approved, in 1783.
• ratified
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Treaty of Paris: British terms• In the Treaty of Paris, the British promised to withdraw all
troops from America.
• They also allowed Americans to fish off the coast of Canada.
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Treaty of Paris: American terms
• In the Treaty of Paris, the Americans allowed British merchants to collect their debts owed by Americans.
• They also gave Loyalists the properties back they had lost during the war.