Study for Quiz: -Review Vocabulary Sheet -Crossword Puzzle -This PowerPoint -Page 55-56: reviewing...
-
Upload
john-blake -
Category
Documents
-
view
212 -
download
0
Transcript of Study for Quiz: -Review Vocabulary Sheet -Crossword Puzzle -This PowerPoint -Page 55-56: reviewing...
Chapter 2: Free People in a free land – Building the American
System of GovernmentStudy for Quiz:
-Review Vocabulary Sheet-Crossword Puzzle -This PowerPoint
-Page 55-56: reviewing what you learned-Try and answer the 10 questions : pg. 56-57
Colonial GovernmentsCharter Royal Proprietary
Authorization Royal grant to founding group
Directly under control of monarch
Owned by a single person who had received a royal grant of land
Administered by
Governor, usually elected, sometimes appointed by founders
Governor, appointed by monarch
Governor, appointed by proprietor
Lawmaking Bodies
Council and assembly, both elected
Council, appointed by governor; Assembly, elected
Council, appointed by proprietor; Assembly, elected
What institutions existed within each colonial government?Colony’s political institutions included:
A government limited by a charter or constitution
A governorThe governor’s councilA popularly elected assemblyCourts and local governments
AssemblyOnly the assembly had the power to raise the
money needed to pay for the costs of administering the colony
Responsibilities included:Raising local defense forcesMaintaining law and orderRegulating tradeWriting laws governing land ownershipDealing with Indian problems
Relationship between the monarch and the colonies?Salutary neglect: British government - laws
controlling trade were written but not enforcedAmericans learned to take responsibility for
their own economic and military security
Proclamation of 1763Parliament closed the western lands to further
settlement by issuing the Proclamation of 1763Guaranteed that the colonies’ own land
speculators would love their investments in the West
SUGAR ACT OF 1764Reduced the tax on non-British sugar and
molassesDouble purpose of raising revenue and ending
trade with French colonies in the West Indies
Stamp Act of 1765Placed taxes on colonial newspapers,
licenses, legal documents, playing cards, and other printed materialsIn order to show that the tax has been paid, the
items had to have a stamp placed on them
Townshend Act of 1767 – tried to raise additional revenues by taxing colonial imports of glass, paper, paint, lead, and tea
Albany Plan of UnionThe threat of attack by the French and their
Indian allies hung over the northeastern colonies. The danger was magnified because the
colonies has never cooperated in military matters
To solve this problem, the British government called representatives of seven colonies to a meeting in Albany, New York.Benjamin Franklin proposed the Albany Plan
under which the colonies would unite in defense of any member faced with raids or invasions
Declaration of Independence5 member committee led by Thomas JeffersonJuly 4, 1776 – formally adoptedThree major sections:
Introduction explains why is was necessary to declare independence
Middle section lists the wrongs suffered by the colonies at the hands of the king
Third section announces the creation of a new government 4 important ideas about the government:
All people are created equal and they have certain basic human rights
The purpose of government is to safeguard these rightsThe right of a government to rule comes from the peopleThe people have the right to change their government
Articles of Confederation – summary is on pg. 56, bullet point #7Cooperative measures agreed on by the
states:The creation of a national legislative body
scheduled to meet annually and authorized to conduct the nation’s business
One vote per state to be cast as instructed by the various state legislatures
Proclamation of a league of friendship among the states
The government was empowered to provide for the common defense, safeguard individual liberties, and maintain the general welfare
Vocabulary:Bicameral legislature: two–housesUnicameral legislature: one-houseMercantilism: an economic theory popular in the 1600’s that stated
that the role of colonies was to enrich the home countryColonies developed legislative bodies with 2 houses:
Upper house – council – advised the governor and generally represented the colony’s upper class
Lower house – assembly – popularly electedFirst Continental Congress: 1774 – colonies pledged cooperation and
sent a Declaration of Rights and Grievances to the kingSecond Continental Congress: served as a national government from
1775-1781 – its members issued the Declaration of Independence and attempted to manage the economic and military problems of the revolution – ALSO, w rote the Articles of Confederation – signed important treaties of alliance and issues paper money to pay for the war