Studies on Phthalic Acid
-
Upload
dhn-chandan -
Category
Documents
-
view
232 -
download
0
Transcript of Studies on Phthalic Acid
-
8/3/2019 Studies on Phthalic Acid
1/18
Welcome
ToThe Seminar Talk
-
8/3/2019 Studies on Phthalic Acid
2/18
STUDIES ON PHTHALIC ACID-PROPANE-1, 2-DIOL-GLYCEROL
CO-POLYESTER AS AN ENTERIC COATING MATERIAL.
Presented byMd. Moinul Haque
M.Sc (Thesis), Exam. 2006Examination Roll No. 02115054
Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Technology,University of Rajshahi.
-
8/3/2019 Studies on Phthalic Acid
3/18
OBJECTIVE OF THE PRESENT WORK
The polymers, which are being produced synthetically, are not erodable in nature.
For non-biodegradability they are stable for long time and are imparting various
inconveniences, producing environmental pollution.
Recently considerable interest is being focused on the development of
biodegradable polymers for specialized applications. Such as controlled release
formulation, insecticide and pesticide carriers, as well as non-toxic surgical implant
materials.
Our aim is, therefore, to develop novel commercially viable polymers, specifically
designed to degrade under controlled biological conditions. In this connection, we
have chalked out to synthesize biodegradable polymers from phthalic acid, propane-
1, 2-diol and glycerol.
-
8/3/2019 Studies on Phthalic Acid
4/18
EXPERIMENTAL
EQUIPMENTS
The following equipments were used in the investigation
Round bottom flask.
Dean stark apparatus.
Desiccators.
Vacuum pumpType: Edward High Vacuum Crawly F-550 (England).
5. Electrical balance
Type: H-51, Metter Instrument Co. (Switzerland).
6. IR Spectrophotometer
Type: FTIR-470 (400-4000 cm-1 wave no.) Shimadzu, Japan.
7. pH meterType: pH-3C, Rex, China.
Melting point measurement machine
Type: PIC- CLARITON, India.
8. Tablet Dissolution Tester USP (XXIII).
Type: ELECTROLAB TDT-01, Shimadzu, Japan.,
etc.
-
8/3/2019 Studies on Phthalic Acid
5/18
SYNTHESIS OF POLYMER
Polymer from phthalic acid and propane-1, 2-diol along with 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%
and 5% glycerol as crosslinking agent on the basis of total weight respectively
was synthesized by Dean-Stark Apparatus using Ferric chloride
(approximately 0.4% of the total weight) as catalyst and o-xylene as the
reaction medium at temperature 137-141oC for about 5 hours. The expected
reaction of the co-polyester is -
COOH
COOH
CH2 CH CH3
OH
HO
C
O
CO
O
CH2 CH
CH3
O
FeCl3
+
PhthalicacidPropane-1,2-diol
Anhydrous
n
+
Phthalicacid-propane-1,2-diol-Glycerol Copolyester
2n-1 H2O
n n
-
8/3/2019 Studies on Phthalic Acid
6/18
PURIFICATION OF POLYMER
Polymer formed as such, however, be contaminated with the
unreacted monomer, initiator, low molecular weight polymer, solvent
and hence, need to be isolated and purified.
-
8/3/2019 Studies on Phthalic Acid
7/18
CHARACTERIZATION OF PHTHALIC ACID-
PROPANE-1, 2-DIOL-GLYCEROL CO-POLYESTER
vM nM
1.IR Spectra
Ester linkage appeared at 1252.5 Cm-1 region
2. Molecular weight determination
>
-
8/3/2019 Studies on Phthalic Acid
8/18
3. SolubilitySolubility of PPGC in various organic solvents at theambient temperature such as acetone, ethyl acetate,
acetic acid, and mixed solvent (toluene: ethanol, 1:3) are
good solvents. Ethanol, rectified sprit, chloroform are poor
solvents and diethyl ether, xylene, benzene carbon tetrachloride and water are non-solvents.
-
8/3/2019 Studies on Phthalic Acid
9/18
4.1 Swelling behavior in water
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
0 20 40 60 80 100
Swelling time (Hours)
%ofSwellinginwater
Sample-I(1%
glycerol)Sample-II(2%
glycerol)Sample-III(3%
glycerol)Sample-IV(4%
glycerol)Sample-V(5%
glycerol)
Swelling behavior of PPGC in water at the ambient temperature.
-
8/3/2019 Studies on Phthalic Acid
10/18
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
0 20 40 60 80 100Swelling Time (Hours)
%ofSwelling
inEthanol
Sample- I
(1%Glycerol)
Sample-
II(2%Glycerol)
Sample- I
II(3%Glycerol)
Sample- IV
(4%Glycerol)
Sample- V
(5%Glycerol)
Swelling behavior of PPGC in ethanol at ambient temperature.
Ethanol > Water
4.2 Swelling behavior in ethanol
-
8/3/2019 Studies on Phthalic Acid
11/18
5. Hydrolytic test
Degrade in basic solutions (pH = 7.149.16).
6 Melting point
The melting point of the co-polyester is 83-89oC.
7. DensityDensity of the co-polyester at 31OC is 1.42 g / c.c
8. Elemental analysis
-
8/3/2019 Studies on Phthalic Acid
12/18
9. Soil degradation test
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
0 20 40 60 80
Time (days)
%
ofwe
ightloss
SoildegradationofPPGC atnormalweatheringcondition.
-
8/3/2019 Studies on Phthalic Acid
13/18
PPGC as an enteric coating material
Medium:
Simulated gastric fluid (pH 1.2)
Simulated intestinal fluid (pH 7.4)
Temperature: 37 C (Body Temp.)
Time: Two hours in simulated gastric fluid (Samples Withdraw at 30 min).
intervals)
One hour in simulated intestinal fluid (Samples Withdraw at 15 min. intervals)
Main instrument used:
Tablet dissolution tester (Model : usp type II, Electrolab-04)
UV-Spectrophotometer (Model: Shimadzu UV- 1200)
Absorbance measured at: 274 nm.
-
8/3/2019 Studies on Phthalic Acid
14/18
0
10
20
30
40
50
30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120
Time (min.)
%ofdrugrelease
core
tab1
tab2
tab3
tab4
tab5
Percentage of drug release from diclofenac sodium
core and coated tablets in simulated gastric fluid
(pH=1.2)
-
8/3/2019 Studies on Phthalic Acid
15/18
0
30
60
90
120
135 150 165 180
Time (min)
%ofdrugrelease
CoreTab-1Tab-2Tab-3Tab-4Tab-5
Percentage of drug release from diclofenac sodium core and coated tablets in
intestinal fluid (pH=7.4).
-
8/3/2019 Studies on Phthalic Acid
16/18
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
0 30 60 90 120 150 180
Time (min.)
%ofdrugrelease
Coated
Core
pH= 1.2
pH= 7.4
Percentage of drug release from diclofenac sodium core and
coated tablets (coated by PPGC) in simulated gastric fluid
(pH=1.2) and in simulated intestinal fluid (pH-7.4)
-
8/3/2019 Studies on Phthalic Acid
17/18
CONCLUSION
This co-polyester (PPGC) remained intact in gastric fluid (pH=1.2) but
gradually degraded in intestinal fluid (pH=7.4). It has been found that, in
gastric fluid the polymer did not release till two hours but in intestinal fluid it
gradually release within 45 minutes. So PPGC has investigated as an enteric
coating material on Diclofenac Sodium (DS) core tablet and results according
to B.P. have been obtained. Toxicological test of the co-polyester is yet to be
performed. If the co-polyester be proved to be non-toxic it might be usable as
an enteric coating material.
-
8/3/2019 Studies on Phthalic Acid
18/18
Thank You All