Students Skeletal system Notes F2015
Transcript of Students Skeletal system Notes F2015
ISN Pgs. 52, 53, 54
5 Major Functions of the Skeletal System
1. Provide shape and support2. Enables you to move3. Protects your organs4. Produces blood cells5. Stores minerals and other
materials until your body needs them
Movement & Protection�Your skeleton allows you to move�Muscles attach to the bones, pulling on them to make body move.
�Bones protect many of the body organs�Example: the skull protects the brain and the rib cage protects the heart and lungs.
Cartilage/Bone Development� As an infant, most of your skeleton is cartilage
� Cartilage is a strong flexible tissue.� Over time the cartilage is replace by solid bone cells.
FYI: Not all cartilage is replaced in adults. Many joints contain cartilage, protecting the ends of bones. (Ex. ears and the end of the nose is also cartilage)
Bone Joints�A joint is a place where two bones come together.
�Joints allow the bones to move in different ways
�Two types of Joints:�1. Immovable �2. Movable Joints
Immovable Joint�Allows little or no movement, called Fixed joint
�Example: the bones of the skull
Movable Joints�Most of the joints are of this type
�Allow the body to move in a wide range of movements.
�Bones in movable joints are held at joints by rubbery tough strands called ligaments (b0ne to bone attachment)
• Four types of Movable Joints:1. Hinge 2. Ball-‐and-‐socket3. Pivot 4. Gliding
Hinge Joint�Allows forward or backward motion
�Example: knee, elbow
Ball-‐and-‐Socket Joint�Allows the greatest range of motion
�Example: shoulder (the ball-‐and-‐socket joint allows you to swing your arm freely in a circle)
�Example: Hips, shoulder
Pivot Joint�Allows one bone to rotate around another.
�Example: Neck�Allows you to turn your head from side to side.
Gliding Joint�Allows one bone to slide over another
�Example: wrist or ankle�Enable you to bend and flex as well as make limited side to side motions
Bone Marrow• a soft tissue at the center of bones. Two types of Marrow:• 1. RedMarrow produces most of the body’s blood cells. Red marrow makes red and white blood cells.• 2. Yellow Marrow stores fat that can serve as an energy reserve