Student-annotated slides

7/31/2019 Student-annotated slides

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What is Fascism?

A militant (willing to fight) political movement Strong emphasis on loyalty to one leader Strong emphasis on loyalty to the country-

(Extreme nationalism) (The state and the leader are more important than the individual)

Appeals to people's emotions, especially fearUses propaganda effectively

SA- The Nazi military


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How are fascists different from communists?

Fascism Communism

Both:

No democracyThe individual is less important than the stateCivil liberties restricted

Goal: dictatorship of

the proletariat

Goal: an internationalmovement

Goal: classless society

Believed in the class system:

played the classes againsteach other.

Extreme nationalism

Dictatorship of one

strong leader


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Italy

Spain

Germany

And other Eastern European countries

Fascist Leaders after WWI

Francisco Franco"Generlisimo

Adolf Hitler"der Fuhrer"

Benito Mussolini"II Duce"


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How did Adolf Hitler Get into Power?

Joined Nazi Party in 1919 (what does that stand for?)

Quickly rose up the ranks Outlined his beliefs in Mein Kampf

- Racism

- Anti-semitism

- Lebensraum

After WWI, before the Great DepressionNational Socialist German Worker's

Party

- Living space

Significance: if anybody had bothered to read the book,

people would have realized he was a bad person. Aryans- Nomadic tribes who came to India from steppes


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January, 1933:

March 1933:The Reichstag passed the Enabling Act:

August, 1934:

Hitler Gained Power

Hindenburg died; Hitler named himself head of the state.

Hitler named Chancellor of Germany by aging German was hero and president, Paul von Hindenburg. (Hegot into power legally, unfortunately.)

The Reichstag is Germany's parliament. The Enabling Act allowed the Chancellor and his cabinet to pass laws without the participation

of the Reichstag.It would be like the Executive and Legislative were to be combined. We have the Executive and Legislative as a balancing act.


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A great orator

Huge parades & marches Showed his support

What techniques did Hitler use to turn

Germany into a totalitarian state?:

Almost hypnotic, listening to the same

thing over and over.

Long passionate speechesMany held at night with huge bonfires because it is so much more intimate at night. Emotions are heightened at night. Stare into

the fire, hypnotic. Blamed others for Germany's problems


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Used violence to eliminated opposition:

- SA:

- SS:

- GESTAPO:

Storm troopers- military arm of the

Nazi party. Loyal to the Nazi.

Hitler's own elite personal security/

body guards. Loyal to Hitler.

Task force. Carry out Hitler's

orders. Secret police.


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Extremely effective use of

propaganda

PostersLiteratureMusicNewspapersRadioOlympics Film


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The Hitler Youth

Used to indoctrinate German children/ teenagers into the Nazi PartyHad to join

Pro Nazi curriculum in schoolTeachers: swore allegiance


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Nazi Anti-Semitism

November 9, 1938Kristallnacht

Key part of Nazi ideologyBecame an approved governmental policyThe policy worsened over time1933: Laws passed restricting rights of Jews

Nazi mobs attacked and destroyed (with the

approval of the government) Jewish building,

shops, and homes.

Significance: Marks the turning of nazi

Semitism. After Kristallnacht, it became worseand worse.

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