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Transcript of Structure of NLO corrections in 1/N C J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21 st...
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
Structure of
next-to-leading order
corrections in 1/NC
J.J. Sanz Cillero, IPN-Orsay
Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
BottomBottom
UpUp
Very bottomVery bottom
Just general QCD properties:
4D-QFT description of hadrons
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
Just general QCD properties:
•4D-QFT description with hadronic d.o.f.
•Chiral symmetry invariance (nf light flavours)
•1/NC expansion around the ‘t Hooft large-NC limit:
NC ∞, NC s fixed
Pole structure of amplitudes at large NC (tree-level)
•Analiticity + matching QCD short-distance behaviour
(parton logs + s logs + OPE)
V,V’,…
[ ‘t Hooft 74 ]
[ Callam et al.’69]
[Colleman et al.’69]
[Bando et al.’85][Ecker et al.’89]
…, [ Peris et al.’98][Catà et al.’05]
[SC’05]
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
Why going up to NLO in 1/NWhy going up to NLO in 1/NCC??
• To validate the large-NC limit: NLO under control
• To show the phenomenological stability of the 1/NC series
• To increase the accuracy of the predictions
• To make real QFT in 1/NC, not just narrow-width ansate
• To understand sub-leading effects (widths, exotica,…)
• Because we already have it there (even we don’t know it)
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
Large-NLarge-NCC QCD, QCD,
NLO in 1/NNLO in 1/NCC
andand
NNCC=3 QCD=3 QCD
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
QFT description of amplitudes at large NC
Infinite number of hadronic states
+Goldstones from the SSB (special)
• Infinite set of hadronic operators in = i i
(but don’t panic yet; this already happens in large-NC QCD)
• Chiral symmetry invariance
• Tree-level description of the amplitudes:
strengths Zk (residues) and masses Mk (pole positions)
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
2q……
aa11(1260)(1260)(770)(770)
LO in 1/NC
(tree-level)
Im 2(q )
Re{q2}Im{q2}
[ ‘t Hooft 74 ][ Witten 79]
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
…… 2q
aa11(1260)(1260)(770)(770)
LO + NLO in 1/NC
(tree-level + one-loop)
Re{q2}Im{q2}
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
2q
aa11(1260)(1260)(770)(770)
LO + SLO in 1/NC
+ Dyson-Schwinger summation
(tree-level + one-loop widths)
Re{q2}Im{q2}
Unphysical Riemann-sheets
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
Truncation of Truncation of
the large-Nthe large-NCC spectrum spectrum
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
Minimal Hadronical Approximation
[Knecht & de [Knecht & de Rafael’98]Rafael’98]
Large-NC (infinite # of d.o.f.)
• Lack of precise knowledge on the high-lying spectrum
• Relative good knowledge of low-lying states
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
Minimal Hadronical Approximation
[Knecht & de [Knecht & de Rafael’98]Rafael’98]
Large-NC (infinite # of d.o.f.)
Approximate large-NC (finite # of d.o.f. –lightest ones-)
• Lack of precise knowledge on the high-lying spectrum
• Relative good knowledge of low-lying states
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
Ingredients of a Ingredients of a Resonance Chiral Theory Resonance Chiral Theory
(R(RT)T)
• Large NC U(nf) multiplets
• Goldstones from SSB
• MHA: First resonance multiplets (R=V,A,S,P)
• Chiral symmetry invariance
(2) L L L L L1 1 2 1 2 3
1 1 2 1 2 3
R T PT R R ,R R ,R ,RR R ,R R ,R ,R
= + + + + ...
[ Ecker et al.’89]
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
L2
+(2)PT
F= u u +
4
[ ]+V V
V
i= V f + V u ,
F G[ , u
2 2V]
2 2
L
LS[ , ,S] LA[ , ,A] LP[ ,P]
L1
1
RR
(2)L PT
……… [Moussallam’95], [Knecht &
Nyffeler’01][ Cirigliano et al.’06]
[Pich,Rosell & SC, forthcoming]
[ Ecker et al.’89]
[ Weinberg’79]
couplings iRR, i
RRR
1 2 1 2 3
1 2 1 2 3
R ,R R ,R ,RR ,R R ,R ,R
+ L L
[ Gasser & Leutwyler’84]
[ Gasser & Leutwyler’85]
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
We must build the RWe must build the RTT
that best mimics QCD at large-Nthat best mimics QCD at large-NCC
• Chiral symmetry invariance:
Ensures the right low-energy QCD structure (PT),
even at the loop level!
• At short-distances:
Demand to the theory the high-energy power behaviour prescribed by QCD (OPE)[Shifman et al ’79]
[ Weinberg’79]
[ Gasser & Leutwyler’84,’85]
[ Catà & Peris’02]
[Harada & Yamawaki’03]
[ Rosell, Pich & SC’04, forthcoming’06]
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
C
MHA
N Π(s) (2 )OPE < >
Π(s) = ( - s)åO l
ll
s -∞
• Constraints among the couplings i and masses MR at NC∞
e.g., Weinberg sum-rules
[Weinberg’67]
1
2 2 2aF - F - F = 0 r p
1 1
2 2 2 2a aF M - F M = 0r r
LR(2)< > =0OLR(4)< > =0O
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
It is possible to develop the RT up to NLO in 1/NC
One Loop Diagrams
NLO Contributions
However, Loops=UV Divergences!!
New NLO pieces (NLO couplings)?
Removable through EoM
if proper short-distance
RT at LO
[Rosell, Pich & SC’04]
[Ecker et al.’89], …
[Catà & Peris’02]
[Rosell, Pich & SC, forthcoming’06]
[Rosell et al.’05]
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
MHA
LO+NLO Π(s) (2 )OPE < >
Π(s) = ( - s)åO l
ll
s -∞
• Constraints among i and masses MR : LO + NLO contribution
e.g., WSR, 1
2 2( )aN O2
2 LF - F - F + = 0 δr p
1 1
2 2 2 2a a
NLO(4)F M - F M + 0 δ = r r
Again, one must build the RAgain, one must build the RT that best T that best mimics QCD,mimics QCD,
but now up to NLO in 1/NC :
- Natural recovering of one-loop PT at low energies
- Demanding QCD short-distance power behaviour
[Rosell, Pich & SC, forthcoming’06]
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
However,… plenty of problems
• The # of different operators is ~102 (NOW YOU CAN PANIC!!!)
• Even with just the lightest resonances one needs
~30 form-factors k(s) to describe all the possible
intermediate two-meson states in LR(s)
• Systematic uncertainty due to the MHA
• Eventually, inconsistences between constraints when more and more amplitudes under analysis
• Need for higher resonance multiplets
• Even knowing the high-lying states,
serious problems to manage the whole large-NC
spectrum
[Rosell et al.’05]
[Rosell, Pich & SC, forthcoming’06]
[SC’05]
[Bijnens et al.’03]
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
General General
properties at properties at
NLO in 1/NNLO in 1/NCC
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
Interesting set of QCD matrix elements
• QCD amplitudes depending on a single kinematic variable q2
• Paradigm: two-point Green-functions,
e.g., left-right correllator LR(q2), scalar correllator SS(q2), …
also two-meson form factors <M1 M2||0> ~ (q2)
• We consider amplitudes determined by their physical right-hand cut.
For instance, partial-wave projections into TIJ(s)
transform poles in t and u variables into continuous left-hand cut in s variable.
2 4 -iqx Π(q ) = i dx e T (x) (0) †O O
[SC, forthcoming’06]
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
Essentially, we consider amplitude
with an absorptive part of the form
2
k kk=1
1 ImΠ(t) = Z δ t-M
This information determines
the QCD content of
the two-point Green-functions
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
• Exhaustive analysis of the different cases:
1. Unsubtracted dispersive relations
Infinite resonance large-NC spectrum
2. m-subtracted dispersive relations
Straight-forward generalization
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
Unsubtracted dispersion Unsubtracted dispersion relationsrelations
• This is the case when (s)0 for |s|∞
• In this case one may use the analyticity of (s) and
consider the complex integral
• Providing at LO in 1/NC the correlator expresion
+
1 dt dt 1 Π(s) = Π(t) = ImΠ(t)
2 i t-s t-sR
C
k2N
k=1 k
Z Π(s) =
M - sR1, R2,
…
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
• Up to NLO in 1/NC one has tree-level + one-loop topologies
• The finite (renormalized) amplitudes contain up to doble
poles
2LO+NLO 2k
1 Π(s)
M - s
…so the dispersive relation
must be performed a bit more carefully…
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
ZOOM
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
ssMk,r
2
ZOOMZOOM
2
(1) (2)k k
2 2LO+NLOk=1 k,r k,r
D D= (s) + +
M -s M -s(s)
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
ssMk,r
2
ZOOMZOOM
2
(1) (2)k k
2 2LO+NLOk=1 k,r k,r
D D= (s) + +
M -s M -s(s)
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
ssMk,r
2
ZOOMZOOM
2
(1) (2)k k
2 2LO+NLOk=1 k,r k,r
D D= (s) + +
M -s M -s(s)
with the finite contribution
2
1 1Im Im
k=1
B-
r 2R
k=12k,r
t (M )
M -tdt 2 = lim - lim (s) (t) (t
t-s t )
- s→0 2k,r→ M
R
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
…where, in addition to the spectral function (finite),
one needs to specify the value of:
• Each residue
• Each double-pole coefficient
• Each renormalized mass
22k
(1)k ,r
2k,rt=M
d= - Re MD -t
dt(t)
22k,r
(2)k
2k,rt=M
= - Re M -tD (t)
2k,rM
2...
(1) (2)k k
2LO+NLOk
2k,r
=1 k,r
= + + -s
D D
M -sM(s)
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
What’s the meaning of all What’s the meaning of all this is in QFT language?this is in QFT language?
• Consider separately the one-loop contributions (s)1-loop
• Absorptive behaviour of (s)1-loop = (s)OPE at |s|∞
• Possible non-absorptive in (s)1-loop ≠ (s)OPE at |s|∞
(but no physical effect at the end of the day)
• Counterterms in (s)tree = behaviour as (s)OPE at |s|∞
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
If one drops appart the any “nasty” non-absorptive contribution in
(s)1-loop
(s)1-loop fulfills the same dispersion relations as (s)LO+NLO
2
(1),1-loop (2),1-loopk k
2 21-loopk=1 k,r k,r
D D= (s) + +
M -s M -s(s)
Same Same finite finite
functionfunctionUV UV
divergencedivergencess
+ …
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
But, the LO operators are precisely those needed
for the renormalization of these UV-divergences
Renormalization of the Zk and Mk2 up to NLO in 1/NC:
2
2
k,r k,r k,r k 2k k,r2 2 2tree
k=1 k,r k,r k,r
Z Z Z M = + - + M Z
M - s M - s M - sΠ(s) O
Finite Finite renormalized renormalized
couplingscouplings
Counter-Counter-termsterms
k k,r kZ = Z + Z
2 2 2k k,r kM = M + M
NNLO in 1/NC
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
…leading to the renormalization conditions,
(1),1-loop (1)k k kD + Z = c
(2),1-loop 2 (2)k k,r k kD - Z M = c
with ck(1) and ck
(2) setting the renormalization scheme
(for instance, ck(1)=ck
(2)=0 for on-shell scheme )
• Hence, the amplitude becomes finally finite:
2
(1) (2)
k,r k k2 2LO+NLO
k=1 k,r k,r
Z + c c= + + (s)
M -s M -s(s)
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
…leading to the renormalization conditions,
(1),1-loop (1)k k kD + Z = c
(2),1-loop 2 (2)k k,r k kD - Z M = c
with ck(1) and ck
(2) setting the renormalization scheme
(for instance, ck(1)=ck
(2)=0 for on-shell scheme )
• Hence, the amplitude becomes finally finite:
k,r2LO+NLO
k=1 k,r
Z= + (s)
M -s(s) On-shell On-shell
schemescheme
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
And what about those “nasty” non-And what about those “nasty” non-absorptive terms?absorptive terms?
• This terms are not linked to any ln(-s) dependence Purely analytical contributions
• They would require the introduction of local counter-terms
• Nevertheless, when summing up, they both must vanish (so (s)0 for |s|∞)
m(m)
non-abs.m
= a s (s) UV
divergences
m(m)
local-ct.m
= s (s) C
NLO local couplings
m(m) (m)
non-abs. + local-ct.m
= +a s = 0(s) C
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
m-subtracted dispersion m-subtracted dispersion relations relations
• Other Green-functions shows a non-vanishing behaviour
(s)sm-1 when |s|∞
• In that situations, one need to consider not (s) but
some m-subtracted quantity like the moment of order
m:
• This contains now the physical QCD information, and
can be obtained from the spectral function: +
m(m)
m+1
(-s) dt 1 (s) = ImΠ(t)
(t - s)R
A
m(m) 1 d
(s) -s Π(s) m! ds
A
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
To recover the whole (s) one needs to
specify m subtraction constants
at some reference energy s=sO
(0) (m-1)O O (s ), ..., (s ) A A
• These subtractions are not fixed by QCD
(e.g., in the SM, VV(sO) is fixed by the photon wave-function renormalization)
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
• Providing at LO in 1/NC the pole structures
C
m(m) k
m+1N 2k=1
k
(-s) Z (s) =
M - sA R1, R2,
…
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
…but at the end of the day, at NLO
one reaches the same kind of renormalization conditions (1),1-loop (1)
k k kD + Z = c
(2),1-loop 2 (2)k k,r k kD - Z M = c
…and an analogous structure for the renormalized moment:
(1) m (2) m
(m)k,r k(m) km+1 m+2LO+NLO 2 2
k=1k,r k,r
Z + c (-s) c (-s)(s) = + + (s)
M -s M -s A A
Finite (from the spectral function)Renormalized tree-level
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
…but at the end of the day, up to NLO
one reaches exactly the same renormalization conditions (1),1-loop (1)
k k kD + Z = c
(2),1-loop 2 (2)k k,r k kD - Z M = c
…and an analogous structure for the renormalized moment:
m
(m)k,r(m)m+1LO+NLO 2
k=1k,r
Z (-s)(s) = + (s)
M -s A A
Finite (from the spectral function)Renormalized tree-level
On-shell On-shell
schemescheme
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
Renormalizability?Renormalizability?
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
• RT descriptions of (s) inherites the “good renormalizable
properties” from QCD, through the matching in the UV (short-
distances)
• Caution on the term “renormalizability”: Infinite # of renormalizations
• The LO operators cover the whole space of possible UV divergences
(for this kind of (s) matrix elements)
• Inner structure of the underlying theory:
The infinity of renormalizations are all related
and given in terms of a few “hidden” parameters (NC and NCs in
our case)
(see, for instance, the example of QED5 [Álvarez & Faedo’06])
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
• General “renormalizable” structures in other matrix elements?
Appealing!!
Larger complexity (s1,s2,…)
Multi-variable dispersion relations, crossing symmetry,…
Next step: three-point GF and scattering amplitudes
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
ConclusionsConclusions
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
• General QCD properties + 1/NC expansion:
Already valuable information
• Decreasing systematic errors
• Increasing accuracy
• Proving that QCDNC=3 has to do with QCDNC∞
• MHA:
Relevance of
NLO in 1/NC
-Introduces systematic uncertainties
-Makes calculation feasible
Nevertheless, at some point the 4D-QFT becomes unbearably
complex
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
• AdS dual representations of QCD are really welcome:
They provide nice/compact/alternative description of QCD
Extremely powerful technology
• However, there are several underlying QCD features
that must be incorporated:
- Chiral Symmetry and Goldstones from SSB
- Short-distance QCD (parton logs + s logs + OPE)
- “Renormalizable” structure for (s) amplitudes at NLO in 1/NC
in terms of a few AdS parameters
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
• Chiral order parameter: No pQCD contribution
• Isolates the effective PT coupling L8 (quark mass <-> pGoldstone
mass )
• Less trivial case than the J=1 correlators
• Two-point Green functions:
• We focus the attention on the SS-PP with I=1
Interest of this Interest of this correlatorcorrelator
2 4 iqx Π(q ) = i dx e T q q(x) q q(0) †
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
• Resonance Chiral Theory framework (RT):
Construction of the lagrangian
PROGRAM:
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
• Resonance Chiral Theory framework (RT):
Construction of the lagrangian
• 2-body form-factors at LO in 1/NC:
QCD short-distance constraints on the FF at LO in 1/NC
PROGRAM:
Tree-level
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
• Resonance Chiral Theory framework (RT):
Construction of the lagrangian
• 2-body form-factors at LO in 1/NC:
QCD short-distance constraints on the FF at LO in 1/NC
• Derivation of S-P (dispersive relations):
QCD short-distance constraints on S-P up to NLO in 1/NC
PROGRAM:
Tree-level
1-loop
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
• Resonance Chiral Theory framework (RT):
Construction of the lagrangian
• 2-body form-factors at LO in 1/NC:
QCD short-distance constraints on the FF at LO in 1/NC
• Derivation of S-P (dispersive relations):
QCD short-distance constraints on S-P up to NLO in 1/NC
• Recovering PT at low energies:
Low energy constants up to NLO in 1/NC: L8
PROGRAM:
Tree-level
1-loop
1-loop
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
RRT lagrangianT lagrangian
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
Ingredients of RIngredients of RTT
• Large NC U(nf) multiplets
• Goldstones from SSB (,K,8,0)
• MHA: First resonance multiplets (V,A,S,P)
• Chiral symmetry invariance
• Just (p2) operators
• Chiral limit
(2) L L L L L1 1 2 1 2 3
1 1 2 1 2 3
R T PT R R ,R R ,R ,RR R ,R R ,R ,R
= + + + + ...
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
L2
+(2)PT
F= u u +
4
[ ]+V V
V
i= V f + V u ,
F G[ , u
2 2V]
2 2
L
LS[ , ,S] LA[ , ,A] LP[ ,P]
L1
1
RR
(2)L PT
……… [Moussallam’95], [Knecht &
Nyffeler’01][ Cirigliano et al.’06]
[Pich,Rosell & SC, forthcoming]
[ Ecker et al.’89]
[ Weinberg’79]
couplings iRR, i
RRR
1 2 1 2 3
1 2 1 2 3
R ,R R ,R ,RR ,R R ,R ,R
+ L L
[ Gasser & Leutwyler’84]
[ Gasser & Leutwyler’85]
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
2-body form-factors2-body form-factors
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
Optical theorem and the 1/NOptical theorem and the 1/NCC expansionexpansion
• At LO in 1/NC, t is given by tree-level (1-particle intermediate states)
1Im 2 2
i i1P-cut
(t) F (t-M )
22
• 1-P cuts: asymptotic behaviour
0
O2i21P-cuti
F 1(t)
M -t t
t
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
• 2-P cuts: asymptotic behaviour??
• At NLO in 1/NC, 2-particle intermediate states:
1Im F
2
2P-cut
(t) (t) (t)
22
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
1Im
2P-cut2P-cut
(t) (t)
O1P-cut
1(t)
t
1Im
F O2
2
1(t) (t)
t
<
[Brodsky & Lepage’79]
1Im
2P-cut2P-cut
(t) , (t) 0
1 1Im Im pQCD
2P-cut
(t) < (t) const. V,A V,A
t
t
ARGUMENTS:
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
General FF analysis:
VV
, V, A, …, V, A, …
, V, , V, ,,……
AA
V, A, S, …V, A, S, …
, V, , V, ,,……
SS
, V, A, …, V, A, …
, V, , V, ,,……
PP
V, A, S, …V, A, S, …
, V, , V, ,,……
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
SS-PP correlatorSS-PP correlator
at one loopat one loop
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
The example of LThe example of L88::
SS-PP correlatorSS-PP correlator
• At LO in 1/NC one has the resonance exchange
2 2 2 2 2 22 0 0 m 0 m
S-P 2 2 2 2 2S P
2B F 16 B c 16 B d(q ) = + -
q M -q M -q
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
The example of LThe example of L88::
SS-PP correlatorSS-PP correlator
• At LO in 1/NC one has the resonance exchange
2 2 2 2 2 22 0 0 m 0 m
S-P 2 2 2 2 2S P
2B F 16 B c 16 B d(q ) = + -
q M -q M -q
which at low energies becomes,
O2 2m m
2 2S
2 22 2 20
S-PP
02
c d-
2B F(q ) =
2+ 32 B +
M 2
M(q )
q
CN8 L
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
• Matching OPE for S-P:
2 2 2 20 m m-2 B F - 8 c + 8 d = 0
O2 2 2 2 2 S-P0 m S m P (4)2 B - 8 c M + 8 d M = 0
C
222 Pm 2 2N
P S
M Fc
8 M -M
C
222 Sm 2 2N
P S
M Fd
8 M -M
[ Golterman & peris’00 ]
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
• Matching OPE for S-P:
one gets at low energies,
O2 22 2
2 2 20S- 2P 2
P2
S0
F F+
16 M2B F
(q ) = + 32 B 16
+ (qq M
)
2 2 2 20 m m-2 B F - 8 c + 8 d = 0
O2 2 2 2 2 S-P0 m S m P (4)2 B - 8 c M + 8 d M = 0
C
222 Pm 2 2N
P S
M Fc
8 M -M
C
222 Sm 2 2N
P S
M Fd
8 M -M
CN -38 L 0.7 10
[ Golterman & peris’00 ]
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
• Matching OPE for S-P:
one gets at low energies,
O2 22 2
2 2 20S- 2P 2
P2
S0
F F+
16 M2B F
(q ) = + 32 B 16
+ (qq M
)
2 2 2 20 m m-2 B F - 8 c + 8 d = 0
O2 2 2 2 2 S-P0 m S m P (4)2 B - 8 c M + 8 d M = 0
C
222 Pm 2 2N
P S
M Fc
8 M -M
C
222 Sm 2 2N
P S
M Fd
8 M -M
CN -38 L 0.7 10 ??????
-30.5 10
[ Golterman & peris’00 ]
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
1 2
1 2
2 2 2 r 2 2 r 22 20 0 m 0 m
S-P S-P2 r 2 2 r 2 2 m ,mm ,mS P
2B F 16 B c 16 B d(q )= + - + (q )
q M -q M -q
• Up to NLO in 1/NC S-P shows the general structure
with the 2-P contributions from dispersion relations
2
1Im
iR M
1 21 2
2S-P S-P2m ,m
m ,m
dt(q ) (t)
t-
q
depending on the correponding couplings i,
fixed before at LO in 1/NC in the FF analysis
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
• Exact definition of the integral:
2 1Im
1 2
r 2R S-P
tm ,m
2 - lim M -t (t)
2R→M
1 1Im Im
0
1 21 2 1 2
2S-P S-P S-P2 2m ,m
m ,m m ,m
dt dt (q ) = lim (t) + (t)
t-q t-q
2R
2R
M
→0M +
tMR
2
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
• Example: contribution
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
• Example: contribution
F d m0 2 2
S
4 c c t(t) = 2B 1 +
F M -t Tree-level Tree-level SFFSFF
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
• Example: contribution
F d m0 2 2
S
4 c c t(t) = 2B 1 +
F M -t Tree-level Tree-level SFFSFF
F2S
0 2S
M(t) = 2B
M -t Short-distance SFF Short-distance SFF (correlator)(correlator)
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
• Example: contribution
F d m0 2 2
S
4 c c t(t) = 2B 1 +
F M -t Tree-level Tree-level SFFSFF
F2S
0 2S
M(t) = 2B
M -t Short-distance SFF Short-distance SFF (correlator)(correlator)
1Im
F22 2
2 f 0 SfS-P 2
S
n B Mn(t) t (t) t
M -t
Optical Optical theoremtheorem
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
• Example: contribution
F d m0 2 2
S
4 c c t(t) = 2B 1 +
F M -t
22 2 2 22 f 0 S
S-P 2 2 2 2S S S
n B M q -q(q ) -1+ +ln
M -q M M
Tree-level Tree-level SFFSFF
F2S
0 2S
M(t) = 2B
M -t Short-distance SFF Short-distance SFF (correlator)(correlator)
1Im
F22 2
2 f 0 SfS-P 2
S
n B Mn(t) t (t) t
M -t
Optical Optical theoremtheorem
Dispersion Dispersion relationsrelations
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
2-particle channels:2-particle channels:
•Goldstone-Goldstone
()
•Resonance-Goldstone
(R)
•Resonance-Resonance
Suppressed
Neglected
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
Full recovering of Full recovering of PTPT
at one loopat one loop
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
• Result in PT within U(nf):
Low energy expansion Low energy expansion at one loop at one loop
O2 2 2
2 2 20 0fS-P 02
2r8 2
2B F B n(q ) = + 32 B + 1- + (q )
-qL ( ) l
2 8n
q
TO NOTICE:
•Exact cancellation of dependence
•Presence of the massless ln(-q2) from loop
•Analytical part (L8 coupling constant)
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
• Tree level:
O2 2 r 2 r 2
2 2 20 m mS-P 02 r 2 r 2tree
S P
2B F c d(q ) = + 32 B - + (q )
q 2 M 2 M
Analytical Analytical LO +NLOLO +NLO
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
• Tree level:
O2 2 r 2 r 2
2 2 20 m mS-P 02 r 2 r 2tree
S P
2B F c d(q ) = + 32 B - + (q )
q 2 M 2 M
• Intermediate state
O2
2 20fS-
2
2S
P
B n(q ) = -1-
-
qln + (q )
2 8
Chiral log Chiral log
NLONLO
Analytical Analytical LO +NLOLO +NLO
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
• Tree level:
O2 2 r 2 r 2
2 2 20 m mS-P 02 r 2 r 2tree
S P
2B F c d(q ) = + 32 B - + (q )
q 2 M 2 M
• Intermediate state
O2
2 20fS-
2
2S
P
B n(q ) = -1-
-
qln + (q )
2 8
• Intermediate state R
[ ic O2 2fS-P R
n(q ) = ] + (q )
2
constant
Chiral log Chiral log NLONLO
Analytical Analytical NLONLO
Analytical Analytical LO +NLOLO +NLO
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
• Tree level:
O2 2 r 2 r 2
2 2 20 m mS-P 02 r 2 r 2tree
S P
2B F c d(q ) = + 32 B - + (q )
q 2 M 2 M
• Intermediate state
O2
2 20fS-
2
2S
P
B n(q ) = -1-
-
qln + (q )
2 8
• Intermediate state R
[ ic O2 2fS-P R
n(q ) = ] + (q )
2
• Intermediate state RR NEGLECTED NEGLECTED
constant
Chiral log Chiral log NLONLO
Analytical Analytical NLONLO
Analytical Analytical LO +NLOLO +NLO
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
Matching OPE for S-P(q2) ~
1/q4 up to NLO in 1/NC
2 r 2 r 2m m
2NLO- F + 8 c - 8 d - = F 0
2Sf
2NLO 2
Mn = + ...
3 F
2
with
( <4> not considered, competition <4> vs.
NLO)
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
Matching OPE for S-P(q2) ~
1/q4 up to NLO in 1/NC
2 r 2 r 2m m
2NLO- F + 8 c - 8 d - = F 0
2Sf
2NLO 2
Mn = + ...
3 F
2
with
NL
2r 2 r 2m Om
Fc = d + 1+
8
( <4> not considered, competition <4> vs.
NLO)
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
Matching OPE for S-P(q2) ~
1/q4 up to NLO in 1/NC
2 r 2 r 2m m
2NLO- F + 8 c - 8 d - = F 0
2Sf
2NLO 2
Mn = + ...
3 F
2
with
NL
2r 2 r 2m Om
Fc = d + 1+
8
NLOr 2 r
8 tree
2 r 2 r 2r 2P Sm
r 2 r 2 r 2S P S
2NLOm m
r 2 r 2S P
F 1+ M -Md =
c d-
2 M 2= +
16 M 2 M MML
Δ
( <4> not considered, competition <4> vs.
NLO)
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
InputsInputs
VM = 776 16 MeV Parameters Parameters needed needed at LO in 1/Nat LO in 1/NCC
(appearing only NLO in S-P)
AM = 1.23 0.04 GeVr
S SM M = 0.98 -1.3 GeVr
P PM M = 1.30 0.10 GeV
0m = 0.90 0.05 GeV
F = 92.4 5.0 MeVU(3) SU(3)
[ Kaiser & Leutwyler’00 ]
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
InputsInputs
2
r 2 r 2m m NLO
Fc = d + 1+
8
VM = 776 16 MeV Parameters Parameters needed needed at LO in 1/Nat LO in 1/NCC
(appearing only NLO in S-P)
AM = 1.23 0.04 GeVr
S SM M = 0.98 -1.3 GeVr
P PM M = 1.30 0.10 GeV
0m = 0.90 0.05 GeV
F = 92.4 5.0 MeV
(appearing at LO+NLO in S-P)
rSM = 0.98 -1.3 GeV
rP M = 1.30 0.10 GeV
1
C
r 2 2m m N
C
1d = d
N
U(3) SU(3)
SD matching up to NLO
Short-distance matching at LO
[ Kaiser & Leutwyler’00 ]
Parameters Parameters needed needed up to NLO in up to NLO in
1/N1/NCC
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
770 = MeVResultsResults(for comparisson;
exactly scale independent expression)
• Contributions:
3 r8 = -0.08 + 0.54 - 0.72 + 0.68 + 0.38 + 0 + 10 0.1 2 L ( )
U(3)SU(3) tree V S A P[ Kaiser & Leutwyler’00 ]
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
770 = MeVResultsResults(for comparisson;
exactly scale independent expression)
• Contributions:
3 r8 = -0.08 + 0.54 - 0.72 + 0.68 + 0.38 + 0 + 10 0.1 2 L ( )
U(3)SU(3) tree V S A P
• Uncertainties: 3 r
8+0.25 +0.0010- 0.40 - 0.0040
+0.3- 0.5= 0.11 0.08 10 L ( 0.03 0.03 0.12 ) Δ
MSr dm
r F mo MAMV truncationMP
r
[ Kaiser & Leutwyler’00 ]
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
770 = MeVResultsResults(for comparisson;
exactly scale independent expression)
• Contributions:
3 r8 = -0.08 + 0.54 - 0.72 + 0.68 + 0.38 + 0 + 10 0.1 2 L ( )
U(3)SU(3) tree V S A P
• Uncertainties: 3 r
8+0.25 +0.0010- 0.40 - 0.0040
+0.3- 0.5= 0.11 0.08 10 L ( 0.03 0.03 0.12 ) Δ
MSr dm
r F mo MAMV truncationMP
r
r8
- 3+0.4- 0.6= ( 0.9 ) 1 L 0( ) to be compared to the PT
result, r8 PT
- 3L ( ) = ( 0.9 0.3 ) 10
[ Kaiser & Leutwyler’00 ]
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
770 = MeVResultsResults(for comparisson;
exactly scale independent expression)
• Contributions:
3 r8 = -0.08 + 0.54 - 0.72 + 0.68 + 0.38 + 0 + 10 0.1 2 L ( )
U(3)SU(3) tree V S A P
• Uncertainties: 3 r
8+0.25 +0.0010- 0.40 - 0.0040
+0.3- 0.5= 0.11 0.08 10 L ( 0.03 0.03 0.12 ) Δ
MSr dm
r F mo MAMV truncationMP
r
r8
- 3+0.4- 0.6= ( 0.9 ) 1 L 0( ) to be compared to the PT
result, r8 PT
- 3L ( ) = ( 0.9 0.3 ) 10
[ Kaiser & Leutwyler’00 ]
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
770 = MeVResultsResults(for comparisson;
exactly scale independent expression)
• Contributions:
3 r8 = -0.08 + 0.54 - 0.72 + 0.68 + 0.38 + 0 + 10 0.1 2 L ( )
U(3)SU(3) tree V S A P
• Uncertainties: 3 r
8+0.25 +0.0010- 0.40 - 0.0040
+0.3- 0.5= 0.11 0.08 10 L ( 0.03 0.03 0.12 ) Δ
MSr dm
r F mo MAMV truncationMP
r
r8
- 3+0.4- 0.6= ( 0.9 ) 1 L 0( ) to be compared to the PT
result, r8 PT
- 3L ( ) = ( 0.9 0.3 ) 10
[ Kaiser & Leutwyler’00 ]
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
ConclusionsConclusions
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
• Large NC is meaningful: it is possible to control
NLO
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
• Large NC is meaningful: it is possible to control
NLO
• Systematic expansion of QCD amplitudes in 1/NC
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
• Large NC is meaningful: it is possible to control
NLO
• Systematic expansion of QCD amplitudes in 1/NC
• General analysis of the 2-body FF
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
• Large NC is meaningful: it is possible to control
NLO
• Systematic expansion of QCD amplitudes in 1/NC
• General analysis of the 2-body FF
• General structure of (t) (dispersive analysis)
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
• Large NC is meaningful: it is possible to control
NLO
• Systematic expansion of QCD amplitudes in 1/NC
• General analysis of the 2-body FF
• General structure of (t) (dispersive analysis)
• Short-distance matching order by order in 1/NC
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
• Large NC is meaningful: it is possible to control
NLO
• Systematic expansion of QCD amplitudes in 1/NC
• General analysis of the 2-body FF
• General structure of (t) (dispersive analysis)
• Short-distance matching order by order in 1/NC
• Full recovering of PT at low q2:
-Example of L8
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
• Large NC is meaningful: it is possible to control
NLO
• Systematic expansion of QCD amplitudes in 1/NC
• General analysis of the 2-body FF
• General structure of (t) (dispersive analysis)
• Short-distance matching order by order in 1/NC
• Full recovering of PT at low q2:
-Example of L8
• Manifestation of the uncertainty origin and full control of the “saturation” scale
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
• Large NC is meaningful: it is possible to control
NLO
• Systematic expansion of QCD amplitudes in 1/NC
• General analysis of the 2-body FF
• General structure of (t) (dispersive analysis)
• Short-distance matching order by order in 1/NC
• Full recovering of PT at low q2:
-Example of L8
• Manifestation of the uncertainty origin and full control of the “saturation” scale
• Straight-forward extension to (p6) LECs
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
• How is it possible to compute hadronic loops?
(Why and how it works? How loops do not blow up at high/low energies? …)
• How is the transition from high to low energy QCD?
(How can the d.o.f. change from Goldstones Resonances pQCD Continuum?
How do we have this progressive change in the amplitudes? …)
• How can we relate hadronic and quark-gluon parameters?
Energy regimes? Weinberg sum-rules? Narrow-width approximations,
do they have some systematic physics behind or they just fix “experimental” numbers?
How well do we understand hadronic How well do we understand hadronic interactions?interactions?
Structure of NLO corrections in 1/NC J. J. Sanz Cillero - Hadrons & Strings, Trento, July 21st 2006
QCD expansion in 1/NQCD expansion in 1/NCC
?? QCD at any qQCD at any q22
(MESONS(MESONS))