PERIODIC TABLE OF ELEMENTStructure Question

1 Diagram 2.1 shows the Periodic Table of elements. The letters P, Q and U do not represent the actual symbols of the elements.

1 2 13 14 15 16 17 18

1 P2

3 Q U4

5

6

FIGURE 2.1

(a) Table 2.2 shows one characteristic for each of elements R, S and T.

Element ChracteristicR Located in Period 2 and has 6 valency electronsS Has electron arrangement 2.8.8.1 T Has a duplet in the only electron shell

Table 2.2

Referring to Table 2.2, indicate the positions of R, S and T by writing the letters in the correct boxes of the above Periodic Table.

[3 marks]

(b) Which element among P, Q, R, S, T and U, exists as a monoatomic gas?.

……………………………………….. ....................................................................... [1 mark]

(c) Both Q and S react with cold water to produce hydrogen gas.

(i) Which element reacts more vigorously ?

………………………………………..........................................................................[1 mark]

(ii) Write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction in c(i).

…………………………………………......................................................................

[1 mark]

d) When U dissolves in water, it produces a mixture of two acids. (i) Write the formulae for these two acids.

…………………………………………………………………………………….[1 mark]

(ii) Describe the observation obtained when a piece of litmus paper is immersed in the mixture of two acids?

……………………………………………………………………………………..[1 mark]

e) P can react with R to produce a liquid. Name the liquid.

………………………………………………………………………………………...[1mark]

f) Classify the elements P, Q, R, S, T and U into metals and non-metals.

Type of element ElementsMetal

Non-metal

[2 marks]

JAWAPAN

1 (a)1 2 1

314

15

16

17

18

1 P T2 R3 Q U4 S5

61+1+1

(b) T 1 1

(c)(i) (ii)

S2Q + 2H2O 2QOH + H2 // 2S + 2H2O 2SOH + H2

11 2

(d)(i) (ii)

HU dan HUO atau HCl dan HClO/HOClWarna kertas litmus dilunturkan/biru / merah menjadi putih

11 2

(e) Air 1 1

(f) Logam: Q, SBukan logam: P, R, T, U

Catatan : Semua betul – 2 markah Mana-mana 4 betul – 1 markah

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JUMLAH 11

2. Figure 1 show a part of the periodic table.

1 2 13 14 15 16 17 18

1

2 P Q3 R S T4

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6

Figure 1

Based on the Figure 1, answer the following questions.(a) What is the element represented by P?

............................................................................................ (1 marks)(b) On the figure above, mark X in the box for an alkali metal

........................................................................................... (1 marks)(c) State one characteristic of element U.

.......................................................................................... (1 marks)(d) Write the electron arrangement for S.

......................................................................................... (1 marks)(e) (i) Which element is not chemically reactive?

.................................................................................. (1 marks)(ii)State one application of the element in (e)(i)

................................................................................. (1 marks)(f) (i) Write the chemical equation for the reaction between R and Q

................................................................................. (1 marks)(ii)State briefly the transfer of electron which occur during the reaction between R and Q. .......................................................................................... ......................................................................................... (2 marks)

JAWAPAN1 (a) Carbon 1 (b) (any box in column for group 1) 1 (c) Form coloured compounds 1 (d) 2.8.7 1 (e) (i) (ii)

TFill electric bulb

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(f) (i) (ii)

2R + Q2 2RQ- R release two electrons to Q- Q receive two electron from R

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ESSAY QUESTION

1 (a) Figure below shows the positions of elements Na, P and Cl in the Periodic Table of Elements.

1 2 13 14 15 16 17 18

1

2

3 Na P Cl4

5

6

i. Arrange the element, Na, P and Cl according to the size of the atoms that decrease. Explain your answer. (5 marks)

ii. Arrange the elements Na, P and Cl following their increasing electronegativity. (4 marks)

iii. State two chemical properties of sodium.Show the reaction involved. (7 marks)

(b) “Iron is a transitional element.”State the properties that support the above statement. (4 marks)

JAWAPAN

1 (a) (i) - Na, P, Cl Decreasing in the size of the atom

- Every atom of the element Na, P and Cl have 3 shell with electrons.

- The nuclear positive charge increase as the period moves from left across to the right period.

- Therefore the pulling force of the nucleus on the electrons of the three shells become stronger from

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1

1

(ii)

(iii)

(b)

Na, P and Cl.- Because of this, the size of the

atom decrease from Na, P to Cl.

- Na,P,ClIncreasing electronegativity

- The nuclear positive charge increase from Na to Cl.

- The sizeof the atom becomes smaller from Na to Cl.

- Because of its strength, the nucleus can attract more electrons by Na to Cl.

1.Reaction with water- Sodium react actively with water

and produces a loud pop sound.- A solution which turns red litmus

paper blue is produced.- Equation of the reaction :2Na + 2H2O 2NaOH + H

2. Reaction with oxygen- Sodium burns quickly with a

bright yellow flame.- A white solid is produced and

dissolves in water. The solution turns red litmus blue.

- Equation of the reaction :4Na + O2 2Na2O

Na2O + H2O 2NaOH

- Iron forms a coloured compound e.g. ferric(III) chloride, which is reddish brown in colour.

- Iron has different oxidation number.Example: The oxidation number of iron in ferrous(II) chloride is +2 while in ferric(III) chloride is +3.

- Iron can form complex ions e.g. ion [Fe(CN)6]4-

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