Structural fire protection, Compartment Wall Penetrations ... Seminar 2013/5. Structural fire... ·...
Transcript of Structural fire protection, Compartment Wall Penetrations ... Seminar 2013/5. Structural fire... ·...
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Structural fire protection, Compartment Wall Penetrations and Firestopping
Niall Rowan
Technical Officer
Association for Specialist Fire Protection
The Association for Specialist Fire Protection
Pioneering fire protection through innovation and professionalism
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FIA Risk Assessor CPD Training Day
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Structural fire protection, compartment
Wall/floor penetrations and firestopping
Niall Rowan
Technical Officer
Association for Specialist Fire Protection
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Contents - 1 • Structural Fire Protection
• What is it for? How does it work?
• How do I inspect it? (and how much?)
• Where do I find more information?
• Good and bad examples
• Penetrations through walls/floors
• What are they? How are they protected?
• How do I inspect it? (and how much?)
• Where do I find more information?
• Good and bad examples
• ASFP Guide to Passive Fire Protection for FRAs
• What a fire risk assessor needs to do
• Summary
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FIA Risk Assessor CPD Training Day
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Contents - 2 • Structural Fire Protection
• What is it for? How does it work?
• How do I inspect it? (and how much?)
• Where do I find more information?
• Good and bad examples
• Penetrations through walls/floors
• What are they? How are they protected?
• How do I inspect it? (and how much?)
• Where do I find more information?
• Good and bad examples
• ASFP Guide to Passive Fire Protection for FRAs
• What a fire risk assessor needs to do
• Summary
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PFP – what is it? a. Structural frame (intumescent) b. Structural frame (other sprays) c. Structural frame (boards) d. Fire/smoke control ductwork e. Fire stopping – penetration seals f. Fire/smoke control dampers g. Fire doors and shutters h. Fire resisting partitions i. Fire resisting glazing (roof) j. Fire resisting glazing (screens) k. Fire resisting building hardware l. Smoke control doors m. Fire resisting glazed doors n. Fire resisting glass doors
www.pfpf.org.uk
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PFP – what is it? a. Structural frame (intumescent) b. Structural frame (other sprays) c. Structural frame (boards) d. Fire/smoke control ductwork
e. Fire stopping – penetration seals f. Fire/smoke control dampers g. Fire doors and shutters h. Fire resisting partitions i. Fire resisting glazing (roof) j. Fire resisting glazing (screens) k. Fire resisting building hardware l. Smoke control doors m. Fire resisting glazed doors n. Fire resisting glass doors
www.pfpf.org.uk
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Structural Fire Protection
To maintain the stability of the structure during the period of the fire and ensure that it does not collapse
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Structural steel loses about half its strength at about 500OC.
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Non-reactive coatings
• Spray or troweled on
• Thick
• Inert
• Usually hidden
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Non-reactive board/casings
• Mechanically fixed
• Thick (10-50mm)
• Usually hidden
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Reactive coatings
• Spray or brushed
• Thin (1-4mm)
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• ASFP website www.asfp.org.uk
• ASFP Yellow book
• Guidance on: – Structural fire engineering
– How fire protection works
– Testing & assessment processes
– Product listings with thickness tables
– 3rd party product certification.
YELLOW BOOK
Fire protection for structural steel in buildings 4th Edition
The Association for Specialist fire protection
Where can I find more information?
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ASFP Technical Guidance Documents
relating to steelwork (current)
• TGD 2 Sprayed mineral wool (structural steel)
• TGD 8 Junctions between diff types of protection
• TGD 9 Beams with web openings (cellular beams)
• TGD 11 On site sprayed intumescent coatings
• TGD 14 Board systems
• TGD 15 Non - reactive sprayed coatings
• TGD 16 Off site sprayed intumescent coatings
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How does a fire risk assessor inspect it?
• Only carry out checks while inspecting compartmentation and fire resisting construction serving escape routes:
– Where protection is visible. Usually intumescent paint, look for lack of adhesion, corrosion, slumping, etc.
– In concealed spaces e.g. board or spray protection. Look for damaged and missing fire protection as part of fire stopping checks (dealt with later)
• If all is well – record it. Basically look for damage.
• If not – you need to get the Responsible person to get a proper survey carried out and repairs made.
• You need to know enough to know something is wrong.
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Good examples of Fire Protection to Steelwork
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Getting it Wrong!
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Unsuitable wet conditions
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Extensive rusting Can you spot the error?
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Damage Corrosion and lack of adhesion
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Sprayed protection plus a gypsum wallboard soffit on a steel beam in a hospital in Herefordshire
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Spray protection fallen from the flange of a steel beam
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Structural Fire Protection
To maintain the stability of the structure during the period of the fire and ensure that it does not collapse
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Compartmentation
• Prevent spread of fire and smoke
• Subdivide buildings into manageable areas of risk
• Provide adequate Means of Escape
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There is a need to maintain the structures integrity to ensure that no gaps of sufficient width open up to allow penetration of hot gases and flames.
Wall
Penetration Seal
failure
Penetration
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Maintaining compartmentation
“ 10.2 If a fire separating element is to be effective, every joint or imperfection of fit, or opening to allow services to pass through the element, should be adequately protected by sealing or fire stopping so that the fire resistance of the element is not impaired.”
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Where can I find more information?
RED BOOK
Fire stopping & penetration seals for the construction industry 3rd Edition
The Association for Specialist fire protection
• ASFP website www.asfp.org.uk
• ASFP Red book
• Guidance on: – How fire stopping works
– Testing & assessment processes
– Product listings with field of application
– 3rd party product certification.
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TGD 17
Technical Guidance Document 17: Code of practice for the installation and inspection of fire stopping systems in buildings
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How does a fire risk assessor inspect it? – 1
• Impossible/impractical/unnecessary to do it all
• But an audit should be carried out on:
– Fire resisting walls and floors serving escape routes identifiable by:
• Using information supplied under Regulation 38 or CDM Regulations (more on this later)
• Your survey (more on this later)
– Ends of corridors and adjacent to escape corridor walls
– All compartment walls/floors depending on risk profile
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How does a fire risk assessor inspect it? – 2
• Remove e.g. 1 or 2 suspended ceiling tiles adjacent to compartment walls and along each side of the escape corridors and inspect any penetrations seals
• Use of remote camera/video equipment facilitates this
• Check your Structural Fire Protection while you’re at it
• If all is well – record it.
• If not – you need to get the Responsible person to get a proper survey carried out and repairs made.
• You need to know enough to know something is wrong
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Good examples of Penetration Seals
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A typical
penetration
sealing
system in a
block wall
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A wall
mounted
collar
around a
pipe
passing
through a
masonry
wall
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A
compound
seal
through a
concrete
floor
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Getting it Wrong!
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Poorly installed floor sealing system (held up by the plastic pipes?)
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Pipes (some
lagged)
through a
coated batt
installation
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Unsealed services through a gypsum wallboard partition in a block of flats in East London
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An intumescent pipe
collar installed on top
of a ceiling in a
sheltered housing
building in Ireland
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Intumescent
pipe wrap
installed
around a
plastic pipe in
East London
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Cavity Barriers
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A fabric
cavity
barrier
system
above a
ceiling grid
![Page 45: Structural fire protection, Compartment Wall Penetrations ... Seminar 2013/5. Structural fire... · Structural fire protection, Compartment Wall Penetrations and Firestopping ...](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021819/5ad43e867f8b9a48398c172b/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
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Cavity barrier systems
for masonry walls
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How does a fire risk assessor
inspect cavity barriers?
• All large cavity barriers e.g. those in roof spaces
• All under floor voids serving escape routes
• All small cavity barriers where visible when checks are being made for other areas of PFP e.g. penetration seals at compartment walls /floors or on escape routes.
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Getting it Wrong!
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Inadequate
protection
around
lagged
pipes
passing
through a
fabric cavity
barrier in a
Manchester
hospital
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Air handling equipment
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Fire rated ductwork systems
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FIA Risk Assessor CPD Training Day
Pioneering fire protection through innovation and professionalism
A fire
damper
cast into
a
concrete
wall
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FIA Risk Assessor CPD Training Day
Pioneering fire protection through innovation and professionalism
How does a fire risk assessor inspect penetrations
associated with air handling equipment?
• All Fire resisting walls and floors serving escape routes identifiable by:
– Information supplied under Regulation 38 or CDM Regs (more on this later)
– Your survey (more on this later)
• Ends of corridors and adjacent to escape corridor walls
• All compartment walls/floors depending on risk profile
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FIA Risk Assessor CPD Training Day
Pioneering fire protection through innovation and professionalism
TGD 18
Technical Guidance Document 18: Code of practice for the installation and inspection of fire resisting duct systems
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FIA Risk Assessor CPD Training Day
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Getting it Wrong!
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FIA Risk Assessor CPD Training Day
Pioneering fire protection through innovation and professionalism
A plastic
extract
system in
residential
flats in NW
London
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FIA Risk Assessor CPD Training Day
Pioneering fire protection through innovation and professionalism
A specific product for use with plastic extract ducts
Plastic
duct
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FIA Risk Assessor CPD Training Day
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An unsealed
damper in a
gypsum
wallboard
partition in a
Manchester
hospital
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FIA Risk Assessor CPD Training Day
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A damper in
a lightweight
partition
sealed with
expanded
polyurethane
foam
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FIA Risk Assessor CPD Training Day
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ASFP has published a guide on what to look for when undertaking a Fire Risk Assessment of the Passive Fire Protection
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FIA Risk Assessor CPD Training Day
Pioneering fire protection through innovation and professionalism
• Introduces role of Fire Risk Assessor/ Assessment
• Need to evaluate PFP associated with Means of escape according to risk
• NOT a full survey of compliance with statutory documents (ADs)
• ½ to 3 pages on each type of PFP
• Pictures of what to look for (good & bad)
• Annexes with further reading & links to third party organisations
• The all important Check List for each type of construction
• Supported by ASFP App ‘Fire Safety File’
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FIA Risk Assessor CPD Training Day
Pioneering fire protection through innovation and professionalism
What an assessor needs to do - 1
• Determine building layout
• Modern Buildings • 2007 onwards – Regulation 38 of Building Regulations applies
(Approved Document Appendix G) – Ask the RP for it!
• 1994 to 1997 all information should be held under the Construction (Design and Management) Regulations – Ask for it!
• If you can check the building against the CDM file/Reg 38 info and all is well – that is enough
• Approved Document B (and national equivalents) provide statutory guidance for all PFP
• Be aware that BS 9999, 9991, 7974 could have been used.
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FIA Risk Assessor CPD Training Day
Pioneering fire protection through innovation and professionalism
What an assessor needs to do - 2 • Older Buildings
• Information required probably not be readily available
• You will need to survey the premises (compartmentation audit)
• You may have to decide what level of PFP is appropriate
• HMO? Hotel? Offices? Hospital, Block of flats?
• Approved Document B (and national equivalents)
• Other relevant guidance documents • BS 9999, BS 9991 (flats), BS 7974
• Fire safety in purpose-built blocks of flats
• DCLG Risk Assessment Guides for different building types
• Department of education BB 100 Design for fire safety in schools
• HTM 05 – 01, 05 – 02A, , 05 – 02B, 05 – 03,
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FIA Risk Assessor CPD Training Day
Pioneering fire protection through innovation and professionalism
Summary
• Looked at Structural fire protection and penetration seals for services and air handling equipment
• What they are, what they do and how they work
• Examples of good and bad practice
• How to assess them within the context of a Fire Risk Assessment
• Need to get information on building and where to get it
• Regulation 38 or CDM Regulation information (new build)
• From your own compartmentation audit of what is needed for primary means of escape (older buildings)
• Need to get professional surveyors in if problems found
• Get more information from ASFP website
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FIA Risk Assessor CPD Training Day
Pioneering fire protection through innovation and professionalism
The Malt House Grand Canal Quay Dublin 2
ASFP Office Tel: +353 (0) 1 6791324
Website: http://www.asfpireland.ie/
Kingsley House, Ganders Business Park,
Kingsley, Bordon, Hampshire GU35 9LU
ASFP Office Tel: +44 (0)1420 471612
ASFP Office Fax: +44 (0)1420 471611
Website: www.asfp.org.uk
Niall Rowan - Technical Officer
Association for Specialist Fire Protection
This PowerPoint presentation is the copyright of the Association for Specialist Fire Protection
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The Specialist Fire Contractors Perspective
A Case Study
Gareth Dean
Director
Sharpfibre Limited
The Association for Specialist Fire Protection
Pioneering fire protection through innovation and professionalism