Structural Features Of four different types of buildings
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Transcript of Structural Features Of four different types of buildings
7/30/2019 Structural Features Of four different types of buildings
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1- HIGH-RISE BUILDING (THE SHARD TOWER)
2- TRUSSED BEAM (DALLAS COWBOYS STADIUM)
3- STEEL FRAME WORK (SEAGRAM BUILDING)
4- HYBRID STRUCTURE (BRITT SCHOOL)
ARCH 236 – Structural Features of four different types of
buildings
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THE SHARD TOWER
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VERTICAL CITY
• 95-Storey Skyscraper in
London
•Designed Renzo Piano,an
Italian architect
• 310m in height and fully glass
covered
• 200-bed 5-star hotel, three
floors of restaurants, 10
residences, and a public viewing
platform.
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SHARD CONCEPT
The Shard is an unusual
mixture of concrete and
steel.
a concrete basement,
structural steel from ground
to level 40, concrete from
levels 41 to 69, and steel
again from there to the topat level 95.
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CONCRETE CORE
The heart of the structure isthe reinforced concrete core.It is a rugged and robuststructure and is the mainstabilizing factor of the
Shard. The lower floors of the
structure with spans of up to15 m from perimeter tocore. Structural steel
columns and beams werethe optimal solution for thesefloors, with plenty of spacebetween the deep beams for the extensive services
required.
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CONCRETE CORE
In the middle part of thebuilding, maximum spanis down to 9 m.
Concrete columns and
post-tensioned concreteflat slabs are the bestsolution on these floors.
the space between thecolumns is 6m at base at
office level, 3m at hoteland apartment floors and1.5m at the top radiator levels
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at office and hotel
levels the
floors(SLABS) are
130mm concrete and
500mm steel beams,forming a 630mm
structure
other levels have
post-tensionedconcrete floors (PTC)
of 200-250mm
thickness
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THE SITE AND FOUNDATION
SECANT PILEWALLSecant pile walls are formed by constructing interlocked concrete piles
reinforced with either steel rebar or steel beams. Used extensively in dense
population areas due to the minimal disturbance they cause to adjacent
structures, secant walls are a form of top down construction used for environmental remediation and soil retention.
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THE SITE AND FOUNDATION
The perimeter of the building is secured by a wall of concrete secant (touching) piles, 900mm and 1,500mm indiameter
1,800mm diameter piles were excavated to 60m and then
reinforcement cages were inserted and filled with concrete.
While the concrete was still wet, hydraulic frames wereemployed to position 25m plunge columns into the piles.These plunge piles support the ground floor and Basement2 levels slabs, internal columns of the steel frame and the
main core.
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The new Dallas CowboysStadium, designed by theHKS Sports &Entertainment located inTexas.
Designed to be open or closed, depending onweather conditions, theexpansive retractable roof isthe largest of its kind in the
world and measuresapproximately 60,000 Sqmeter
Each panel can open or close in 12 minutes
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As the longest
single span roof
structure in the
world, each boxed
arch is 10 meter deep by 5 meter
wide.
The structures
span 373 meter inlength
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The stadium features
the largest retractable
end zone doors in the
world. Each has a five-
leaf, clear, retractableopening measuring 36
meter high by 55
meter wide. The five
11 meter panels takeonly 18 minutes to
open or close
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The elongated
arch form
stretches 68
meter and isdetailed with
steel plating
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Located in the heart of NewYork City, the Seagram Buildingdesigned by Mies van der Rohe epitomizes elegance andthe principles of modernism.
38-story building
The building became a
monumental continuity of bronze and dark glass climbingup 150 meter to the top of thetower
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The Structure is based on a 8.5 meter
module which is expressed as colonnade
at the base to signal the entrance.
most of the structure is concealed behind
the curtain wall
the steel moment frame structure is
embedded in concrete for fire protection
and added stiffness
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the core walls havediagonal bracing upto the 29th floor for
additional windbracing
concrete shear wallup to the 17th floor provide additionalstiffness
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BRONZE COVER OF STEELCOLUMN EMBEDDED IN CONCRETEGLARE
REDUCING PINK
GLASS
AIRCONDITIONING
DUCT
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THE BRIT SCHOOL
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THE BRIT SCHOOL
Located in London
Architects : Daniel ConnalPartnership
state-funded schooldedicated to the performingarts, media, art and designand the technologies
a central three-storey coresurrounded by a two-storeypodium. Two contrastingstructural systems, the load-bearing core and anexoskeleton framework,support the architecturalform
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THE BRIT SCHOOL
From its corners, four
primary roof trusses
cantilever toward external
piers located beyond the
building envelope, andsecondary trusses bear on
its side walls to leave the
first floor completely free of
interior columns.
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THE BRIT SCHOOL
The two free-standing
concrete masonry piers at
the front and back of the
building claim space likely to
be incorporated into thebuilding at a future date
Spaced 20 m apart, too wide
to signify entry explicitly,
their placementapproximates the width of
the double-height entry
atrium behind them.
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TRUSSED BEAM
Eight smaller but similarly
tapered piers, some
placed well away from the
existing building envelope
where it steps back in plantowards the core, They
support steel frames,
some of whose trussed
rafters connect directly tothe core, and others to the
primary cantilever trusses
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PLAN
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DETAIL
Exposed structure playsnumerous architectural roleson the exterior. combination of masonry construction and pier tapering that expressesstructural resistance to theoutward thrusts from the portalcolumns suggests abuttressing action.
Steel trusses above roof levelconceptually as well as
structurally tie these externalstructural elements back to thecore, which itself anchors thebuilding visually and physicallyagainst lateral loads.