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GRIDFORM™ Slab Des

Version 1.0

August 31, 0

"ni#ersit$ o% &is'onsi

*a+ren'e . -an, Mi'/ael G. Ol

Program Design -asi's

  1. /e )esign 2rogram is %or t/e )ouble la$er 2ultru)e) GRIDFORM™ s$

. /e to2 an) bottom la$ers o% rein%or'ement are t/e same sie an) /a#e t

3. All 'ross ro)s are at 45 on 'enter.

For Design o% Rein%or'e) on'rete -ri)ge De' SlPultru)e) GRIDFO

/e )esign 2rogram +as )e#elo2e) using t/e %ollo+ing 'o)es6 AAS7O *R*RFD -ri)ge Design Gui)e S2e'i%i'ations %or GFRP Rein%or'e) on'rete D-ri)ge 2ro'e)ures o% t/e AAS7O *RFD -ri)ge Design manual are in'lu)eusing AI 440 an) t/e AAS7O FRP Dra%t. /e )esign '/e's in t/is 2rogrDra%t e<'e2t t/e %ollo+ing items note) in t/is se'tion. /e AAS7O FRP Drstate to 4=> o% t/e 'on'rete strengt/. /is 2ro#ision +as in'lu)e) in t/e )esFatigue an) 'ree2 ru2ture is re?uire) to be '/e'e) in t/e AI 440 'o)e. ru2ture be in#estigate) %or slabs unless t/e slab is in a 5multi(gir)er5 a22li'

/e AAS7O *RFD -ri)ge Design S2e'i%i'ations re?uires rein%or'ement tois not 'ontinuous in t/e )ire'tion 2arallel to t/e su22orting gir)ers be'ause t'onstru'te) +it/ an o#erla2 s2li'e to 2ro#i)e some 'ontinualit$ bet+een a)@t/e )esign re?uirement. /e s2li'e /as been i)enti%ie) as t/e #ulnerable lo'a

simulate) )ual tire loa)s 2la'e) at t/e #enerable lo'ation. Slab 'a2a'it$ /as

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  4. -eam s/ear )oes not go#ern t/e )esign be'ause beam s/ear is not a 'riti'

=. /e 2rogram +as onl$ )e#elo2e) %or normal +eig/t 'on'rete.

  9. /e s2li'e must be t/e greater t/an 3 o#erla22ing main bars.

  . /e )esign 2rogram is %or )e' ben)ing bet+een gir)ers. In#estigate 'o

!. Main rein%or'ing bars must be 2er2en)i'ular to gir)ers an) tra%%i'.

10. on'rete a22urtenan'es, e)ge su22orts, an) 'onstru'tion loa)ing s/all b

11. /e )esign 2rogram is not a22li'able to )ee2 'on'rete members or beam

Instru'tions %or use o% B<'el S/eets

. OC* BCBR VA*"BS IC PICE B**S

3. SB*B APPROPIAB DBSIGC OPIOCS IC DROP DO&C -OBS.

4. SBB DBSIGC MAC"A*.

=. DBSIGCBR ICP" IS *IMIBD O 7IS S7BB.

;. GRBBC B**S ARB OPIOCA* ( *BAVB -*ACE IF CO IC "SB.

7ea)ing ( In2ut 2ro@e't )ata in t/is se'tion. /is in%ormation +ill be 2la'e)Engineer John Smith

Company JS Engineering

Project Bridge

Project # 1

Bridge ID hwy 5 west

Date September 5, !!"

Design -asi's 8Design Manual Se'tion 3.1:

$2e o% -ri)ge 8Design Manual Se'tion 3.1.1:

B<'er2t ( AAS7O *RFD -ri)ge Design S2e'i%i'ations /ir) B)ition 004 8

;. antile#er se'tions are not 'onsi)ere). /e 2rogram is %or s2ans bet+eema<imum negati#e moment o% t/e 'antile#er an) loo u2 t/e re?uire) s2a'in

strengt/.

1. A** S7BBS S7O& COBS FOR B**S ICDIABD - A RBD RBA7 COB.

$he strips sha%% be treated as contin&o&s beams or simp%y s&pported beams as appropriate' Span %ength sha%% be t p&rpose o+ determining +orce e++ects in the strip, the s&pporting components sha%% be ass&med to be in+inite%y rigid'%ength a%ong the span sha%% be the %ength o+ the tire contact area as speci+ied in rtic%e -'.'1''5, p%&s the depth o+ t+or negati0e moments and shear +orces, where in0estigated may be ta(en as +o%%ows *or mono%ithic constr&ction

 beams)one 3&arter the +%ange width +rom the center%ine o+ s&pport, +or precast I)shaped and $)shaped concrete bea

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-ri)ge in2ut )ata ( sele't o2tion %or moment 'al'ulations

Bn#ironmental Re)u'tion Fa'tor ( sele'tion 8Design Manual Se'tion 3.1.:

B<2osure on)ition

!' en0ironmenta% red&ction +actor  

Fatigue an) ree2 Ru2ture *imit State 8Design Manual Se'tion 3.1.3:

Slab S2an $2e

* 6 C7 pp%icab%e

Pro2erties 8Design Manual Se'tion .:

FRP Material Pro2erties 8Design Manual Se'tion 3..1:

Strong+ell est Data 8ona'/en, 00=:

Main -ars ( GV(Samp%e $ensi%e Strength 8od&%&s 9%t' Strain

 :&mber psi (si in;in

1 <,-5- 5,- !'!1.-

 

o+ the s&pport' *or the p&rpose o+ this artic%e, each web o+ a stee% or concrete bo2 beam may be treated as a separa

$he &%timate tensi%e strength and design tensi%e strain o+ the m&st be red&ced by the en0ironmenta% +actor' $he maen0ironment' $he test samp%es ass&med to be in e2ce%%ent condition' $he materia% properties may change o0er ti+or the wea(ening o+ materia% properties o0er time d&e to en0ironmenta% e2pos&re' Se%ect the appropriate e2pos&r

CE

CI ==! re3&ires a creep r&pt&re and +atig&e to be in0estigated' $he S>$? *7P dra+t re3&ires +atig&e and creerein+orcement is re3&ired +or non m&%tigirder spans'

$he design *7P materia% properties are an inp&t parameter +or the program' @&anti+ying the &%timate tensi%e strenSection '.'1 o+ S>$? *7P A!!< and Section ' o+ CI ==! A!!.' $he &%timate tensi%e strength A++& a%somin&s three standard de0iations' $he &%timate tensi%e strain A+& a%so re+erred to as the g&aranteed r&pt&re strain bg&aranteed mod&%&s o+ e%asticity AE is the a0erage e%astic mod&%&s o+ e%asticity' Section -''1 ACI ==!, !!. stawi%% meet the g&aranteed tensi%e strength or g&aranteed tensi%e strain is ""'< percent' CI ==! does not speci+ica%%

 properties howe0er, tho&gh wording in the code 5 specimens o+ each si/e is imp%ied re3&ired n&mber o+ samp%es'materia%s +or determination o+ materia% properties'

$his section s&ggests the g&aranteed materia% properties +or &se in the design program' $he *7P materia% propertire3&ires a minim&m o+ 5 samp%es to determine the properties' S>$? *7P re3&ires a minim&m o+ 5 samp%es tdetermine the properties' $he &%timate tensi%e strength and &%timate tensi%e strain are the a0erage min&s three standsamp%es' $he tab%e presents the s&ggested g&aranteed design 0a%&es ASDF +rom the samp%es tested by Strongwe%

Precast I-shaped and T-shaped concrete beams - critical moment section at one third of flange width, but not exceeding 15

Concrete exposed to earth and weather - CE = 0.7 (glass fiber)

Non-multigirder application - Required

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<,!< =,"<= !'!15

- <-,< 5,!- !'!1.!

= 1!,-! 5,5 !'!1"=

5 "=,.!! 5,.- !'!1.<

8in <,!< =,"<= !'!15

8a2 1!,-! 5,.- !'!1"=

8ean <",1!< 5,"! !'!1.<StDe0 ",5!1 -< !'!!15

8ean ) -G .!,.!5 n;a !'!1-

S&ggested design property' :ote on%y inc%&des 5 test samp%es'

FRP Material Pro2erties Sele'tion ( Pla'e in Material Pro2erties

.!'. (si main rein+orcement &%timate tensi%e strength ) s&ggested 0a%

15- (si cross rod &%timate tensi%e strength ) s&ggested 0a%&e H 15-

!'!1 main rein+orcement &%timate tensi%e strain ) s&ggested 0a%&e

5"! (si main rein+orcement mod&%&s o+ e%asticity ) s&ggested 0a%&e

."-! (si cross rod mod&%&s o+ e%asticity ) s&ggested 0a%&e H .,"-! (s

Slab In2ut Pro2erties ( See %igure belo+ 8Design Manual Se'tion 3..:h < in s%ab thic(ness

s in nomina% s%ab span

15! pc+ concrete &nit weight

= in top +%ange width o+ girder  

1'5 in top rein+orcement co0er  

1 in bottom rein+orcement co0er  

Design *oa)s 8Design Manual Se'tion 3.3:

Point *oa) S2e'i%i'ation 8Design Manual Se'tion 3.3.1:

1. (ip

1I8 1'-- dynamic %oad a%%owance +actor  

+ +& bar 

+ +& cr 

+& bar 

E bar 

Ecr 

c

w+%

Ctop

C bottom

PKK

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ire onta't Area S2e'i%i'ation 8Design Manual Se'tion 3.3.:w ! in width o+ tire contact

% 1! in %ength o+ tire contact

"ni%orm *oa) S2e'i%i'ation an) In2ut 8Design Manual Se'tion 3.3.3:

1!! ps+ se%+ weight

! ps+ s&perimposed dead %oad

! ps+ &ni+orm %i0e %oad

!'!< moment coe++icients +or distrib&ted %oads

!'1!

*oa) ombinations 8Design Manual Se'tion 3.3.4:KK DK

Strength I 1'5 1'5 S>$? K7*D

Ser0ice I 1 1 S>$? K7*D

?ther 

ra' &i)t/ al'ulation 8Design Manual Se'tion 3.4:

!'! in crac( width

1'= bond coe++icient

De%le'tion *imits 8Design Manual Se'tion 3.=:

1;2 !'!!15 KK de+%ection ratio

!'!"! in KK de+%ection %imit

Design 8Design Manual Se'tion 3.;:Se%ect concrete strength, main bar spacing, and main bars +or design'

Concrete Strength Apsi

Bar Spacing Abs Ain

4.008ain Bar 

DKsw

DKsi

KK&

Coe++  pos

Coe++ neg

CI ==! ASection <'-'1 and S>$? *7P ASection '"'-'= on%y imposes a crac( width %imit o+ !'! inches i+ ae$he owner and design engineer m&st agree that crac( width can be disregarded' bond coe++icient is introd&cedwea(er bond to concrete than stee%' $he origina% deri0ation o+ the crac( width e3&ation was designed +or stee%' $eand a bond coe++icient +actor was introd&ced to pro0ide acc&rate crac( width estimations' *or design p&rposes the1'='

wa%%ow

(  b

Se%ect de+%ection %imit based on pedestrian tra++ic on the bridge' $he de+%ection %imitation +or the %i0e %oad +actore"'5' AS>$? K7*D !!

L%imit ) KK

Aesthetics is a concern

No Pedestrian Traffic - L/800

5000

1.5" I Bar

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C%ear 

'5 in c%ear distance between bars

Results 8Design Manual Se'tion 3.9: /e'  

em2erature an) S/rinage OE 

Positi#e MomentM N

!'55 1!'.= <'<1 OE 

Failure mo)e FRP ensile

Cegati#e MomentM O

!'55 )"'<! )5'<5 OE 

Failure mo)e FRP ensile

Pun'/ing S/ear

M N

!'5 =-'5" -'= OE 

"ni#ersit$ o% &is'onsin(Ma)ison

M N

!'5 <'.< -'= OE 

Fatigue an) ree2 Ru2turePositi#e Moment Region

O

1!'.1 <'=< CO GOOD

Cegati#e Moment Region

O

'< <'=< OE 

ra'ing

Positi#e Moment Region

O

!'!1" !'! OE 

Cegati#e Moment Region

O

!'!1< !'! OE 

M8n A(ip)+t;+t 8

& A(ip)+t;+t

M8n A(ip)+t;+t 8

& A(ip)+t;+t

AI 440 ( CO RB"IRBDMF

c ps A(ip F

& ps A(ip

MFn &w ps

 A(ip F& ps

 A(ip

+ +,s

 A(si !' +  +d A(si

+ +,s

 A(si !' +  +d A(si

ws Ain wa%%ow Ain

ws Ain w

a%%ow Ain

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AAS7O FRP ( Ser#i'e on'rete Stress *imit State

Positi#e Moment Region

O

1..5 5! OE 

Cegati#e Moment Region

O

1. 5! OE 

AI 440 ( De%le'tionO

!'!-- !'!" OE 

Re%eren'es6

merican ssociation o+ State >ighway and $ransportation ?++icia%s, S>$? K7*D Bridg

+ c,s

 Apsi +  a%%ow

 Apsi

+ c,s

 Apsi +  a%%ow

 Apsi

LKK

 Ain LKimit

 Ain

merican ssociation o+ State >ighway and $ransportation ?++icia%s, A!!< S>$? K7*and Dec( Systems'4 ADra+t

CI Committee ==!, Q&ide +or the Design and Constr&ction o+ Str&ct&ra% Concrete 7ein+orce!!.'

Ban(, K', ?%i0a, 8', Br&nton, J', and >an&s, J', A!!"' RDesign Proced&res and Detai%ing &io+ *7P7CS", "th Internationa% Symposi&m on *7P in 7ein+orced Concrete Str&ct&res, J&%y 1-)

Br&nton, J' A!!"' Q$esting o+ Concrete S%abs 7ein+orced with Do&b%e Kayer P&%tr&ded *iberProgram,Q 8S $hesis, Department o+ Ci0i% and En0ironmenta% Engineering, 9ni0ersity o+ is

Conachen, 8' A!!5' Q8od&%ar -)D *7P 7ein+orcing System +or a Bridge Dec(,Q 8S $hesisisconsin)8adison'

Jacobson, D' A!!=' QE2perimenta% and na%ytica% St&dy o+ *iber 7ein+orced Po%ymer A*7Po+ Ci0i% and En0ironmenta% Engineering, 9ni0ersity o+ isconsin)8adison'

Jacobson, D', Ban(, K', ?%i0a, 8', and 7&sse%%, J', P&nching Shear Capacity o+ Do&b%e Kayer*iber 7ein+orced Po%ymer 7ein+orcement +or Concrete Str&ct&res A*7P7CS, CI SP)-!,

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8atta *', :anni ', 7inge%stetter $' E', and Ban( K' C', Q7apid Constr&ction o+ Concrete Bridg$hird Internationa% Con+erence on *7P Composites in Ci0i% Engineering, ' 8irmiran and '

7inge%stetter $' A!!.' QIn0estigation o+ 8od&%ar *7P rid 7ein+orcing Systems with Integra%Department o+ Ci0i% and En0ironmenta% Engineering, 9ni0ersity o+ isconsin)8adison'

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ign Program

!

n(Ma)ison

#a, e%%re$ . -runton

  tem in rein%or'e) 'on'rete bri)ge )e's.

e same s2a'ing.

  bs Rein%or'e) +it/ Double *a$er 3DRM™ 

  D 8009:, AI 440.1R(0; , an) a )ra%t o% t/e AAS7O's an) ra%%i' Railing 8AAS7O FRP:. General

in t/e 2rogram an) t/e )esign '/e's +ere 'om2lete)m are t/e same %or AI 440 an) t/e AAS7O FRP

a%t limits t/e 'on'rete stress un)er t/e Ser#i'e I limitgn 2rogram. AI 440 )oes not in'lu)e t/is limit state.e AAS7O FRP Dra%t re?uires t/at %atigue an) 'ree2tion.

  be 'ontinuous t/roug/out bri)ge )e's. GRIDFORM™ere are trans2ortation sie limitations. /e gri)s are

'ent gri)s. 7o+e#er, t/e o#erla2 s2li'e )oes not satis%$ion. *aborator$ testing /as been 'om2lete) +it/ t/e

een #eri%ie) +it/ t/e loa) 2la'e) at t/e 'riti'al lo'ation.

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al %ailure mo)e in 'ontinuous slabs.

  2osite a'tion bet+een gir)ers an) slab se2aratel$.

e in#estigate) se2aratel$.

.

on ea'/ s/eet.

Se'tion 4.;..1.;:

gir)ers. For 'antile#ere) slabs )etermine t/eg to meet 'o)e %or a 2arti'ular bar sie an) 'on'rete

ACG*B IC "PPBR RIG7 ORCBR. RBVIB&

(en as the center)to)center distance between the s&pporting components' *or the$he whee% %oads may be mode%ed as concentrated %oads or as patch %oads whosee dec(' $he strips sho&%d be ana%y/ed by c%assica% beam theory' $he design sectionnd concrete bo2 beams)at the +ace o+ the s&pporting components, +or stee% and woods)one third o+ the +%ange width, b&t not e2ceeding 15'! inches +rom the center%ine

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ross Ro)s ( GV(1$ensi%e Strength 8od&%&s 9%t' Strain

 psi (si in;in

1.!,5-< ,!5= !'!<

eria% properties are determined +rom test samp%es that are not e2posed to thee d&e to e2pos&re to the en0ironment' $he en0ironmenta% red&ction +actor acco&ntscondition'

p r&pt&re +or s%abs that are not in m&%tigirder app%ications' minima% +%e2&ra%

th, &%timate tensi%e strain, and the tensi%e mod&%&s o+ e%asticity is go0erned byre+erred to as g&aranteed tensi%e strength by the codes is the a0erage tensi%e strengthy codes is the a0erage &%timate tensi%e strain min&s three standard de0iations' $hetes that +or the samp%e si/e o+ 5 specimens the probabi%ity that a partic&%ar e%ementy state that the re3&ired amo&nt o+ test specimens to determine the materia%' Section ='"'1 AS>$? *7P, dra+t states the code re3&irements +or samp%ing the

s do not con+orm to CI ==! Section -' or S>$? *7P Section ='"' CI ==! be tested +rom 5 prod&ction %ots' *i0e samp%es were tested by Strongwe%% toard de0iations +rom test data' $he mod&%&s o+ e%asticity is the a0erage +rom the test% AConachen, !!5' $he main bars and cross rods ha0e di++erent materia% properties'

h, but not exceeding 15 inches from the centerline of support

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1.1,"<< .,"== !'!--

1.!,.!! .,<!< !'!-.

1.,"1" .,"-= !'!-5

15.,-5. .,<"" !'!

15.,-5. .,<!< !'!

1.,"1" ,!5= !'!-.

1.!,=<! .,"< !'!-,51 << !'!!!=

15,"=- n;a !'!1"

  &e H .!'. (si

si

  H !'!1

  H 5,"! (si

i

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thetics is a concern +or bridge dec(s'or the crac( width' *7P has asting was cond&cted on crac( widths&ggested bond coe++icient 0a%&e is

+or impact is presented in Section

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Design Speci+ications,4 =th Ed', 9S, !!'

Bridge Design Speci+ications +or *7P 7ein+orced Concrete Dec(

with *7P Bars A==!'17)!.Q, merican Concrete Instit&te, 8I, 9S,

e%ines +or *7P P&%tr&ded rid 7ein+orced Bridge Dec(s, proceedings15, Sydney, 9S$7KI, p' 5= and CD)7?8'

ein+orced Po%ymer rids and De0e%opment o+ a Bridge Dec( Designonsin)8adison'

Department o+ Ci0i% and En0ironmenta% Engineering, 9ni0ersity o+

rid 7ein+orced Concrete Bridge Dec(ing,Q 8S $hesis, Department

7P rid 7ein+orced S%abs4, Proc' th Internationa% Symposi&m onerican Concrete Instit&te, 8I, 9S, !!5, pp <5)<.'

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Dec( 9sing Pre+abricated *7P 7ein+orcementQ, Proceedings o+ theanni, eds', 8iami, *%orida, 9S, !!., pp 151)15-

Stay)In)P%ace *orm +or Concrete Bridge Dec(s,Q 8S $hesis,

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Strongwell Gridform

Page 21 of 370

Pro@e't H 1 1'5Q I Bar   Bngineer

Pro@e't Bridge +Tc H 5!!! psi om2an$

-ri)ge ID hwy 5 west bs Ain H ='!! Date

Material Pro2erties AAS7O FRP an) AI 440 ( em2

5!!! ='!!

!'=!1 !'!!-.

==! !'!51

1!1!! /e' OE  5"!!!! :&mber Kin( !

."-!!!! !'!!-.

!'!!- !'!1-

!'!!<= /e' OE  

='"E!. :&mber Kin( !

!'< S&m :&mber Kin( !

!'1. /e' OE  

!'.

1'5

1

h Ain <

d Ain .'--dT Ain 5'<-

!'5

=

!'!<

!'-1

!'1".-

!'!1<

.5'.!

..'!!

+Tc Apsi b

s Ain

g Ain U

+,ts bar min

+ +d bar 

 Apsi U+ ts

+ +d cr  ApsiE

 bar  Apsi

Ecr  Apsi U

+,ts cr min

c

Ucr ts

+d bar 

Ec Apsi

V1

$w Ain

2 bar 

 Ain

Ctop

 Ain

C bottom

 Ain

C7 dia

 Ain

 bcr  Ain

 p Ain

nAin

cr Ain

U+b

 bw pos

 Ain

 bw neg

 Ain

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Strongwell Gridform

Page 22 of 370

Pro@e't H 1 1'5Q I Bar   Bngineer

Pro@e't Bridge +Tc H 5!!! psi om2an$

-ri)ge ID hwy 5 west bs Ain H ='!! Date

AAS7O FRP AI 440

Positi#e Moment Cegati#e Moment

='!! ='!!

!'!.< !'1"!5

!'!1 !'!1-<

==! ==!

!'5<-! !'.--!

M !'55 M !'55

1"'-5 )1'<

1!'.= )"'<!

<'<1 )5'<5

Design /e' OE Design /e' OE  

Failure Mo)e FRP ensile Failure Mo)e FRP ensile

 bs Ain b

s Ain

+,min Ain +,min Ain

U+ 

UT+ 

+ +  Apsi +  

+  Apsi

U+ ;U

+bUT

+ ;U

+b

8n A(ip)+t;+t 8

n A(ip)+t;+t

M8n A(ip)+t;+t M8

n A(ip)+t;+t

8& A(ip)+t;+t 8

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Strongwell Gridform

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Pro@e't H 1 1Q I Bar  Bngineer John Smith

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Pro@e't H 1 1Q I Bar  Bngineer John Smith

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Pro@e't H 1 1Q I Bar  Bngineer John Smith

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Pro@e't H 1 1Q I Bar  Bngineer John Smith

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Pro@e't H 1 1Q I Bar  Bngineer John Smith

Pro@e't Bridge +Tc H .!!! (si om2an$ JS Engineering

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Pro@e't H 1 1Q I Bar  Bngineer John Smith

Pro@e't Bridge +Tc H .!!! (si om2an$ JS Engineering-ri)ge ID hwy 5 west Date ";5;!"

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Pro@e't H 1 1Q I Bar  Bngineer John SmithPro@e't Bridge +Tc H .!!! (si om2an$ JS Engineering

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Strongwell Gridform Parametric Results

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Pro@e't H 1 +Tc H =!!! (si Bngineer John Smith

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Pro@e't H 1 +Tc H 5!!! (si Bngineer John Smith

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Strongwell Gridform Parametric Results

Page 334 of 370

Pro@e't H 1 +Tc H 5!!! (si Bngineer John Smith

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Strongwell Gridform Parametric Results

Page 335 of 370

Pro@e't H 1 +Tc H 5!!! (si Bngineer John Smith

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AAS7O FRP an) AI 440 ( Positi#e Moment Region ra'ing

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Strongwell Gridform Parametric Results

Page 336 of 370

Pro@e't H 1 +Tc H 5!!! (si Bngineer John Smith

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Strongwell Gridform Parametric Results

Page 337 of 370

Pro@e't H 1 +Tc H .!!! (si Bngineer John Smith

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Strongwell Gridform Parametric Results

Page 338 of 370

Pro@e't H 1 +Tc H .!!! (si Bngineer John Smith

Pro@e't Bridge om2an$ JS Engineering

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Strongwell Gridform Parametric Results

Page 339 of 370

Pro@e't H 1 +Tc H .!!! (si Bngineer John Smith

Pro@e't Bridge om2an$ JS Engineering

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AAS7O FRP an) AI 440 ( Positi#e Moment Region ra'ing

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http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/strongwell-gridform-design-guide 340/369

Strongwell Gridform Parametric Results

Page 340 of 370

Pro@e't H 1 +Tc H .!!! (si Bngineer John Smith

Pro@e't Bridge om2an$ JS Engineering

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Strongwell Gridform Parametric Results

Page 341 of 370

Pro@e't H 1 +Tc H !!! (si Bngineer John Smith

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http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/strongwell-gridform-design-guide 342/369

Strongwell Gridform Parametric Results

Page 342 of 370

Pro@e't H 1 +Tc H !!! (si Bngineer John Smith

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Strongwell Gridform Parametric Results

Page 343 of 370

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-15! -15! -15! -15! -15! -15! -15! -15!

1!! 1!! 1<<- 1<<- 1<<5 1"5 1". 1".

Design Chec( ?X ?X ?X ?X ?X ?X ?X ?X  

wa%%ow

 Ain

ws Ain

wa%%ow

 Ain

ws Ain

+ a%%ow

 Apsi

+ c,s

 Apsi

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Strongwell Gridform Parametric Results

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Pro@e't H 1 +Tc H !!! (si Bngineer John Smith

Pro@e't Bridge om2an$ JS Engineering

-ri)ge ID hwy 5 west Date ";5;!"

AAS7O FRP ( Cegati#e Moment Region on'rete Stress *imit States 80.4= J %K':-ar 15 I bar 1.=5 I bar 1.=5 I bar 5 bar

*imit State Fle<ure on'. Stress Fle<ure on'. Stress Fle<ure on'. Stress Fle<ure on'. Stress

Bar Spacing Ain -'!! ='!! ='!! ='5! ='5! 5'!! '!! '!!

-15! -15! -15! -15! -15! -15! -15! -15!

1" 1=1 1==! 151 1=== 151 15!= 15!=

Design Chec( ?X ?X ?X ?X ?X ?X ?X ?X  

AAS7O FRP an) AI 440 ( De%le'tion-ar 15 I bar 1.=5 I bar 1.=5 I bar 5 bar

*imit State Fle<ure De%le'tion Fle<ure De%le'tion Fle<ure De%le'tion Fle<ure De%le'tion

Bar Spacing Ain -'!! '!! ='!! '!! ='5! '!! '!! '!!!'!"! !'!"! !'!"! !'!"! !'!"! !'!"! !'!"! !'!"!

!'!-! )!'555 !'!-5 )!'5!< !'!-- )!'==5 !'!-= !'!-=

Design Chec( ?X ?X ?X ?X ?X ?X ?X ?X  

+ a%%ow

 Apsi

+ c,s

 Apsi

LKimit

 Ain

LKK

 Ain

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Strongwell Gridform Parametric Results

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Pro@e't H 1 +Tc H <!!! (si Bngineer John Smith

Pro@e't Bridge om2an$ JS Engineering

-ri)ge ID hwy 5 west Date ";5;!"

AAS7O FRP AI 440 ( Positi#e Moment

-ar 15 I bar 1.=5 I bar 1.=5 I bar 5 bar

*imit State Fle<ure Fle<ure Fle<ure Fle<ure

Bar Spacing Ain -'!! ='!! ='5! '!!

!'!1- !'!1!< !'!11- !'!1!<

<'<1 <'<1 <'<1 <'<1

11'. "'= "'. "'!5

Design Chec( ?X ?X ?X ?X  

*ai%&re 8ode *7P $ensi%e *7P $ensi%e *7P $ensi%e *7P $ensi%e

AAS7O FRP AI 440 ( Cegati#e Moment-ar 15 I bar 1.=5 I bar 1.=5 I bar 5 bar

*imit State Fle<ure Fle<ure Fle<ure Fle<ure

Bar Spacing Ain -'!! ='!! ='5! '!!

!'!1-= !'!11 !'!1- !'!11

)5'<5 )5'<5 )5'<5 )5'<5

)1!'=! )<'." )<'"! )<'--

Design Chec( ?X ?X ?X ?X  

*ai%&re 8ode *7P $ensi%e *7P $ensi%e *7P $ensi%e *7P $ensi%e

AAS7O FRP an) AI 440 ( Positi#e Moment Region Pun'/ing S/ear-ar 15 I bar 1.=5 I bar 1.=5 I bar 5 bar

*imit State Fle<ure P. S. Fle<ure P. S. Fle<ure P. S. Fle<ure P. S.

Bar Spacing Ain -'!! '!! ='!! ='!! ='5! ='5! '!! '!!

-'= -'= -'= -'= -'= -'= -'= -'=

5!'< -'= =<' =<' =<'! =<'! ='. ='.

Design Chec( ?X ?X ?X ?X ?X ?X ?X ?X  

U+ 

8& A(ip)+t;+t

M8n A(ip)+t;+t

U+ T

8& A(ip)+t;+t

M8n A(ip)+t;+t

F& A(ip

MFc A(ip

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Strongwell Gridform Parametric Results

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Pro@e't H 1 +Tc H <!!! (si Bngineer John Smith

Pro@e't Bridge om2an$ JS Engineering

-ri)ge ID hwy 5 west Date ";5;!"

"ni#ersit$ o% &is'onsin ( Pun'/ing S/ear-ar 15 I bar 1.=5 I bar 1.=5 I bar 5 bar

*imit State Fle<ure P. S. Fle<ure P. S. Fle<ure P. S. Fle<ure P. S.

Bar Spacing Ain -'!! '!! ='!! '!! ='5! '!! '!! '!!-'= -'= -'= -'= -'= -'= -'= -'=

""'<" .'1 "5'!" ='5 "='. -'< "'<" "'<"

Design Chec( ?X ?X ?X ?X ?X ?X ?X ?X  

AAS7O FRP ( Positi#e Moment Region Fatigue an) ree2 Ru2ture-ar 15 I bar 1.=5 I bar 1.=5 I bar 5 bar

*imit State Fle<ure F. .R. Fle<ure F. .R. Fle<ure F. .R. Fle<ure F. .R.

Bar Spacing Ain -'!! !'!! ='!! !'!! ='5! -'!! '!! ='5!

<'=< <'=< <'=< <'=< <'=< <'=< <'=< <'=<

1!'1< #:; 1'1= #:; 11'<= '" 1'.- <'1

Design Chec( :? ??D #:; :? ??D #:; :? ??D ?X :? ??D ?X  

AAS7O FRP ( Cegati#e Moment Region Fatigue an) ree2 Ru2ture-ar 15 I bar 1.=5 I bar 1.=5 I bar 5 bar

*imit State Fle<ure F. .R. Fle<ure F. .R. Fle<ure F. .R. Fle<ure F. .R.

Bar Spacing Ain -'!! -'!! ='!! -'!! ='5! ='!! '!! .'!!

<'=< <'=< <'=< <'=< <'=< <'=< <'=< <'=<

'== '== <'<< .'1 <'. '- "'. '"

Design Chec( ?X ?X :? ??D ?X :? ??D ?X :? ??D ?X  

F& A(ip

MFc A(ip

!' + +d A(si

+ +,s

 A(si

!' + +d A(si

+ +,s

 A(si

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Strongwell Gridform Parametric Results

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Pro@e't H 1 +Tc H <!!! (si Bngineer John Smith

Pro@e't Bridge om2an$ JS Engineering

-ri)ge ID hwy 5 west Date ";5;!"

AAS7O FRP an) AI 440 ( Positi#e Moment Region ra'ing

-ar 15 I bar 1.=5 I bar 1.=5 I bar 5 bar*imit State Fle<ure ra' Fle<ure ra' Fle<ure ra' Fle<ure ra'  

Bar Spacing Ain -'!! -'!! ='!! -'!! ='5! ='!! '!! 5'!!

!'! !'! !'! !'! !'! !'! !'! !'!

!'!1= !'!1= !'!1 !'!1= !'!- !'!1" !'!-= !'!1"

Design Chec( ?X ?X :? ??D ?X :? ??D ?X :? ??D ?X  

AAS7O FRP an) AI 440 ( Cegati#e Moment Region ra'ing-ar 15 I bar 1.=5 I bar 1.=5 I bar 5 bar

*imit State Fle<ure ra' Fle<ure ra' Fle<ure ra' Fle<ure ra'  

Bar Spacing Ain -'!! ='!! ='!! ='!! ='5! ='!! '!! 5'!!

!'! !'! !'! !'! !'! !'! !'! !'!

!'!1- !'!1" !'!1" !'!1" !'!1 !'!1 !'!" !'!1Design Chec( ?X ?X ?X ?X :? ??D ?X :? ??D ?X  

AAS7O FRP ( Positi#e Moment Region on'rete Stress *imit States 80.4= J %K':-ar 15 I bar 1.=5 I bar 1.=5 I bar 5 bar

*imit State Fle<ure on'. Stress Fle<ure on'. Stress Fle<ure on'. Stress Fle<ure on'. Stress

Bar Spacing Ain -'!! -'!! ='!! ='!! ='5! ='5! '!! '!!

-.!! -.!! -.!! -.!! -.!! -.!! -.!! -.!!

15! 15! 1"=! 1"=! 1"= 1"= !! !!

Design Chec( ?X ?X ?X ?X ?X ?X ?X ?X  

wa%%ow

 Ain

ws Ain

wa%%ow

 Ain

ws Ain

+ a%%ow

 Apsi

+ c,s

 Apsi

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Strongwell Gridform Parametric Results

Page 348 of 370

Pro@e't H 1 +Tc H <!!! (si Bngineer John Smith

Pro@e't Bridge om2an$ JS Engineering

-ri)ge ID hwy 5 west Date ";5;!"

AAS7O FRP ( Cegati#e Moment Region on'rete Stress *imit States 80.4= J %K':-ar 15 I bar 1.=5 I bar 1.=5 I bar 5 bar

*imit State Fle<ure on'. Stress Fle<ure on'. Stress Fle<ure on'. Stress Fle<ure on'. Stress

Bar Spacing Ain -'!! -'!! ='!! ='5! ='5! 5'!! '!! '!!

-.!! -.!! -.!! -.!! -.!! -.!! -.!! -.!!

1--5 1--5 1=<- 15. 1=< 155 15=" 15="

Design Chec( ?X ?X ?X ?X ?X ?X ?X ?X  

AAS7O FRP an) AI 440 ( De%le'tion-ar 15 I bar

*imit State Fle<ure De%le'tion Fle<ure De%le'tion Fle<ure De%le'tion Fle<ure De%le'tion

Bar Spacing Ain -'!! '!! ='!! '!! ='5! '!! '!! '!!!'!"! !'!"! !'!"! !'!"! !'!"! !'!"! !'!"! !'!"!

!'!< )!'! !'!- )!'1<5 !'!-! )!'1. !'!- !'!-

Design Chec( ?X ?X ?X ?X ?X ?X ?X ?X  

+ a%%ow

 Apsi

+ c,s

 Apsi

LKimit

 Ain

LKK

 Ain

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Strongwell Gridform Parametric Results

Page 349 of 370

Pro@e't H 1 Bngineer John Smith

Pro@e't Bridge om2an$ JS Engineering

-ri)ge ID hwy 5 west Date ";5;!"

lear Distan'e /e' 

C%ear distance between top and bottom %ayers

Main -ar lear Allo+able Design /e'  

1Q I Bar -'5 1'5 OE 

1'5Q I Bar - 1'5 OE 

1'5Q I Bar '5 1'5 OE 

Q $ Bar 1'5 1'5 OE 

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Strongwell Gridform Parametric Results

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Strongwell Gridform esign !n"ut

Page 353 of 370

Pro@e't H 1 Bngineer John Smith

Pro@e't Bridge om2an$ JS Engineering

-ri)ge ID hwy 5 west Date !";!5;!"

$2e o% -ri)ge

B<2osureBn#ironmental Fa'torConcrete e2posed to earth and weather ) CE H !' Ag%ass +iber

!' en0ironmenta% red&ction +actor  

Fatigue an) ree2 Ru2ture *imit State :on)m&%tigirder app%ication ) 7e3&ired

FRP Material Pro2erties.!'. (si main rein+orcement &%timate tensi%e strength

15- (si cross rod &%timate tensi%e strength

='= (si main rein+orcement design tensi%e strength

1!'1 (si cross rod design tensi%e strength

5"! (si main rein+orcement mod&%&s o+ e%asticity

."-! (si cross rod mod&%&s o+ e%asticity

!'!1 main rein+orcement &%timate tensi%e strain!'!!<= main rein+orcement &%timate tensi%e strain

Slab In2ut Pro2ertiesh < in s%ab thic(ness

s in nomina% span

15! pc+ concrete &nit weight

= in +%ange width o+ girder  

1'5 in top rein+orcement co0er  

Precast I)shaped and $)shaped concrete beams ) critica% moment section at one third o+ +%ange width, b&t not e2ceeding 15 inches +rom thecenter%ine o+ s&pport

CE

+ +& bar 

+ +& cr 

+ +d bar 

+ +d cr 

E bar 

Ecr 

+& bar 

+d bar 

c

w+%

Ctop

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Strongwell Gridform esign !n"ut

Page 354 of 370

1 in bottom rein+orcement co0er  

C%ear '5 in c%ear distance between bars

Pro@e't H 1 Bngineer John Smith

Pro@e't Bridge om2an$ JS Engineering

-ri)ge ID hwy 5 west Date !";!5;!"

Design *oa)s

Point *oa)1. (ip

1I8 1'-- dynamic %oad a%%owance +actor  

re onta't reaw ! in width o+ tire contact

% 1! in %ength o+ tire contact

n orm oa

1!! ps+ se%+ weight

! ps+ s&per imposed dead %oad

! ps+ &ni+orm %i0e %oad

!'!< moment coe++icients +or distrib&ted %oads AwS

!'1

*oa) ombinations

KK DKStrength I 1'5 1'5 S>$? %oad combination

Ser0ice I 1 1 S>$? %oad combination

?ther ! !

ra' &i)t/!'! in crac( width

1'= bond coe++icient

esthetics is a concern

C bottom

PKK

DKsw

DKsi

KK&

Coe++  pos

Coe++ neg

wa%%ow

(  b

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Strongwell Gridform esign !n"ut

Page 355 of 370

De%le'tion *imits1;2 !'!!15 KK de+%ection %imit

!'!" in KK de+%ection %imit

Pro@e't H 1 Bngineer John Smith

Pro@e't Bridge om2an$ JS Engineering

-ri)ge ID hwy 5 west Date !";!5;!"

Moment al'ulations 8i2(%t%t:

*i#e>K)"- ='<- )-'!"

KK& !'!! !'!!

$ota% ='<- )-'!"

Dea)Se%+ eight !'" )!'-.

S&per imposed !'!! !'!!

$ota% !'" )!'-.

Moment *oa) Fa'tor *oa) Fa'tor

8pos AStrength I 1'5 <'=5 1'5 !'-. <'<1

8neg AStrength I 1'5 )5'=! 1'5 )!'=5 )5'<5

8pos ASer0ice I 1'!! ='<- 1'!! !'" 5'18neg ASer0ice I 1'!! )-'!" 1'!! )!'-. )-'=5

8pos A?ther !'!! !'!! !'!! !'!! !'!!

8neg A?ther !'!! !'!! !'!! !'!! !'!!

"ltimate Design Moments)5'<5 (ip)+t;+t

<'<1 (ip)+t;+t

L%imit ) KK

M2os

Mneg

M2os

Mneg

8KK

 A(ip)+t;+t 8DK

 A(ip)+t;+t 89 A(ip)+t;+t

89

89

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FRP Material Pro2ertiesEK en0ironmenta% %in(  

!' en0ironmenta% red&ction +actor  

.!'. (si main rein+orcement &%timate tensi%e strength

15- (si cross rod &%timate tensi%e strength

!'!1 main rein+orcement &%timate tensi%e strain

='= (si main rein+orcement design tensi%e strength

1!'1 (si cross rod design tensi%e strength

!'!!<= main rein+orcement design tensi%e strain

5"! (si main rein+orcement mod&%&s o+ e%asticity

."-! (si cross rod mod&%&s o+ e%asticity

!'!!- &%timate concrete strain

Slab In2ut Pro2ertiesh < in s%ab thic(ness

s in s%ab span

15! pc+ concrete &nit weight

= in +%ange width

*oa) ombinationsKK DK

Strength I 1'5 1'5 S>$? K7*D %oad combination

Ser0ice I 1'!! 1'!! S>$? K7*D %oad combination

?ther !'!! !'!!

Point *oa)1. (ip

1I8 1'-- dynamic %oad a%%owance +actor  

ire onta't Areaw ! in width o+ tire contact

% 1! in %ength o+ tire contact

"ni%orm *oa)1!! ps+ se%+ weight

! ps+ s&per imposed dead %oad

! ps+ &ni+orm %i0e %oad

!'!< moment coe++icients +or distrib&ted %oads AwS

!'1

"n%a'tore) 7*(!3 Positi#e Moment

CE

+ +& bar 

+ +& cr 

+& bar 

+ +d bar 

+ +d cr 

+d bar 

E bar 

Ecr 

c

c

w+%

PKK

DKsw

DKsi

KK&

Coe++  pos

Coe++ neg

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row %in( in %in( ce%% +or negati0e moment

='<- (ip)+t;+t

"n%a'tore) 7*(!3 Cegati#e Momentco%&mn %in( - %in( ce%% +or negati0e moment

< in o++set distance +rom girder center%ine to point o+ critica%-'!<....... (ip)+t;+t

Moment al'ulations 8i2(%t%t:

*i#e>K)"- ='<- )-'!"

!'!! !'!!

$ota% ='<- )-'!"

Dea)Se%+ eight !'" )!'-.

S&per imposed !'!! !'!!$ota% !'" )!'-.

Moment *oa) Fa'tor *oa) Fa'tor

8pos AStrength I 1'5 <'=5 1'5 !'-. <'<1

8neg AStrength I 1'5 )5'=! 1'5 )!'=5 )5'<5

8pos ASer0ice I 1'!! ='<- 1'!! !'" 5'1

8neg ASer0ice I 1'!! )-'!" 1'!! )!'-. )-'=5

8pos A?ther !'!! !'!! !'!! !'!! !'!!

8neg A?ther !'!! !'!! !'!! !'!! !'!!

"ltimate Design Moments)5'<5 (ip)+t;+t

<'<1 (ip)+t;+t

Fatigue an) ree2 Ru2ture *imit StateKin( Ce%%

Parametri' -ar S2a'ing8in Spacing -'!! in

='!! in

='5! in

5'!! in

.'!! in

8a2 spacing '!! in

8 pos

*o++set

8neg

M2os

Mneg

KK&

M2os

Mneg

8KK

 A(ip)+t;+t 8DK

 A(ip)+t;+t 89 A(ip)+t;+t

89

89

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negati0e moment

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 ##S$%& ' %a(le #4'1 )a*imum +i,e +oad )oments Per -nit .idt/ i"'ftft

S S in Pos ) istance rom + of Girder to esign Section for egati,e )oment

S in 0 1 2 3 4 5 6

+oou" 72 483 488 465 442 419 396 373 350

4'0 48 468 268 248 227 207 196 185 174

49 467 270 251 232 213 202 192 181

50 467 271 254 236 219 209 198 1884'3 51 466 273 257 241 225 215 205 195

52 465 282 267 251 236 225 214 203

53 464 291 276 262 247 235 223 211

4'6 54 463 300 286 272 258 245 232 219

55 463 313 298 283 269 255 241 227

56 464 325 310 295 279 265 250 235

4'9 57 464 338 322 306 290 274 259 243

58 464 350 333 317 300 284 267 251

59 465 362 345 327 310 293 276 258

5'0 60 465 374 356 338 320 302 284 266

61 466 385 366 348 329 311 292 274

62 466 395 376 357 338 319 300 2815'3 63 467 406 386 367 347 328 308 289

64 468 416 396 376 356 336 316 296

65 470 426 405 385 364 344 324 304

5'6 66 471 436 415 394 373 352 332 311

67 473 445 424 402 381 360 339 318

68 475 454 432 411 389 367 346 324

5'9 69 477 463 441 419 397 375 353 331

70 479 471 449 427 404 382 360 337

71 481 480 457 434 412 389 366 344

6'0 72 483 488 465 442 419 396 373 350

73 486 495 472 449 426 402 379 356

74 488 503 479 456 432 409 385 3626'3 75 491 510 486 463 439 415 392 368

76 494 517 493 469 445 421 397 373

77 497 524 500 475 451 427 403 379

6'6 78 500 531 506 482 457 433 408 384

79 503 537 512 488 463 438 414 389

80 507 544 519 493 468 444 419 394

6'9 81 510 550 525 499 474 449 424 399

82 514 566 540 514 488 463 437 411

83 517 582 556 529 503 476 450 424

7'0 84 521 598 571 544 517 490 463 436

85 525 603 576 549 522 495 467 440

86 528 608 581 554 526 499 472 4457'3 87 532 613 586 558 531 504 476 449

88 536 617 590 562 535 508 480 453

89 540 622 594 567 539 512 484 457

7'6 90 544 626 598 571 543 516 488 461

91 548 630 602 574 547 519 492 464

92 552 634 606 578 550 523 495 468

7'9 93 556 638 610 582 554 526 499 471

94 560 641 613 586 558 530 502 474

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95 565 645 617 589 561 533 506 478

8'0 96 569 648 620 593 565 537 509 481

97 574 651 624 596 568 540 512 484

98 578 655 627 599 571 543 515 487

8'3 99 583 658 630 602 574 546 518 490

100 588 661 633 605 577 549 521 493

101 594 663 635 607 579 551 523 4958'6 102 599 666 638 610 582 554 526 498

103 604 669 641 613 585 557 529 501

104 609 671 643 615 587 559 531 503

8'9 105 614 674 646 618 590 562 534 506

106 619 676 648 620 592 564 536 508

107 624 679 651 623 595 567 539 511

9'0 108 629 681 653 625 597 569 541 513

109 634 683 655 627 599 571 543 515

110 639 685 657 629 601 573 545 517

9'3 111 644 687 659 631 603 575 547 519

112 649 696 668 640 612 584 556 528

113 654 706 678 650 622 593 565 5379'6 114 659 715 687 659 631 603 574 546

115 664 727 699 671 642 614 586 557

116 669 739 711 682 654 625 597 569

9'9 117 674 751 722 694 665 637 608 580

118 679 762 734 705 676 648 619 591

119 684 774 745 716 688 659 631 602

10'0 120 689 785 756 728 699 670 642 613

121 694 796 768 739 710 681 652 624

122 698 808 779 750 721 692 663 634

10'3 123 703 819 790 761 732 703 674 645

124 708 830 801 772 743 714 685 656

125 712 841 812 783 753 724 695 66610'6 126 717 852 823 793 764 735 706 677

127 722 862 833 804 774 745 716 687

128 727 873 843 814 785 756 727 698

10'9 129 732 883 854 824 795 766 737 708

130 737 893 864 835 805 776 747 718

131 741 904 874 845 816 786 757 728

11'0 132 746 914 885 855 826 797 767 738

133 751 924 895 865 836 806 777 748

134 755 934 904 875 845 816 787 757

11'3 135 760 944 914 885 855 826 796 767

136 765 953 924 894 865 835 806 777

137 769 963 933 904 874 845 816 78611'6 138 774 972 943 913 884 855 825 796

139 779 982 952 923 893 864 835 805

140 783 991 962 932 903 873 844 815

11'9 141 788 1001 971 942 912 883 853 824

142 792 1010 980 951 921 892 862 833

143 797 1019 990 960 931 901 872 842

12'0 144 801 1028 999 969 940 910 881 851

145 806 1037 1008 978 949 919 890 860

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146 810 1046 1017 987 958 928 899 869

12'3 147 815 1055 1026 996 967 937 908 878

148 819 1064 1034 1005 976 946 916 887

149 824 1072 1043 1014 984 955 925 895

12'6 150 828 1081 1052 1022 993 963 934 904

151 832 1089 1060 1031 1001 972 942 913

152 837 1098 1068 1039 1010 980 951 92112'9 153 841 1106 1077 1047 1018 989 959 930

154 845 1114 1085 1056 1026 997 968 938

155 850 1123 1093 1064 1035 1005 976 947

13'0 156 854 1131 1102 1072 1043 1014 984 955

157 858 1139 1110 1080 1051 1022 993 963

158 862 1147 1118 1088 1059 1030 1001 972

13'3 159 866 1155 1126 1096 1067 1038 1009 980

160 870 1163 1134 1104 1075 1046 1017 988

161 874 1171 1142 1112 1083 1054 1025 995

13'6 162 878 1179 1150 1120 1091 1062 1032 1003

163 882 1187 1157 1128 1099 1069 1040 1011

164 886 1194 1165 1136 1106 1077 1048 101913'9 165 890 1202 1173 1143 1114 1085 1056 1027

166 894 1209 1180 1151 1122 1093 1064 1035

167 898 1217 1188 1158 1129 1100 1071 1042

14'0 168 902 1224 1195 1166 1137 1108 1079 1050

169 906 1231 1202 1173 1144 1115 1086 1057

170 910 1239 1210 1181 1152 1123 1094 1065

14'3 171 914 1246 1217 1188 1159 1130 1101 1072

172 918 1253 1224 1195 1166 1137 1108 1079

173 921 1260 1231 1202 1174 1145 1116 1087

14'6 174 925 1267 1238 1210 1181 1152 1123 1094

175 929 1274 1245 1217 1188 1159 1130 1101

176 932 1281 1252 1224 1195 1166 1137 110914'9 177 936 1288 1259 1231 1202 1173 1145 1116

178 940 1295 1266 1238 1209 1180 1152 1123

179 943 1302 1273 1245 1216 1187 1159 1130

15'0 180 947 1309 1280 1252 1223 1194 1166 1137

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7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

329 309 288 269 250 231 216 200 185 170

169 165 160 157 153 150 147 145 142 139

176 170 165 161 156 152 149 146 143 140

182 176 169 164 160 155 151 148 144 140188 181 174 168 163 157 153 149 145 141

195 187 179 173 166 160 155 151 146 142

202 193 185 177 170 162 157 152 147 142

209 200 190 182 173 165 160 154 149 143

217 206 196 186 177 168 162 156 150 143

224 213 201 191 181 171 164 157 151 144

231 219 207 196 185 174 167 159 152 144

238 225 213 201 189 177 169 161 153 144

245 232 218 206 193 180 171 162 154 145

252 238 224 210 197 183 174 164 155 145

259 244 230 215 201 187 177 167 157 147

266 251 235 221 206 191 180 170 159 149273 257 241 226 210 195 184 173 162 150

280 263 247 231 215 199 187 176 164 152

287 269 252 236 219 203 191 178 166 154

293 276 258 241 224 207 194 181 169 156

299 281 263 246 228 211 198 184 171 157

306 287 268 250 233 215 201 187 173 159

312 292 273 255 237 219 205 190 176 161

318 298 278 260 241 223 208 193 179 164

323 303 283 264 246 227 212 197 182 167

329 309 288 269 250 231 216 200 185 170

335 314 293 273 254 235 219 203 188 172

340 319 297 278 258 238 222 207 191 175346 324 302 282 262 242 226 210 194 177

351 329 306 286 266 246 229 213 196 180

356 333 311 290 270 249 233 216 199 182

361 338 315 294 274 253 236 219 202 184

366 342 319 298 277 257 239 222 205 187

370 347 323 302 281 260 243 225 208 190

375 351 327 306 285 264 246 229 211 193

386 362 337 315 293 271 252 234 215 197

398 372 346 323 300 277 258 239 219 200

409 383 356 332 308 284 264 244 224 203

414 387 360 336 312 288 267 247 226 205

418 391 364 340 316 292 271 249 228 207422 395 368 344 320 296 274 252 231 209

426 399 371 348 325 302 281 259 238 216

430 402 375 353 331 309 287 266 245 223

433 406 378 357 336 315 294 273 252 230

437 409 381 361 340 320 300 280 260 239

440 412 385 365 345 325 306 287 268 248

443 416 388 369 349 330 312 294 276 257

447 419 391 372 353 334 317 300 282 265

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450 422 395 376 357 339 322 306 289 273

453 426 398 380 361 343 327 312 296 280

456 428 401 383 364 346 332 317 302 287

459 431 403 385 368 350 336 322 308 294

462 434 406 388 371 353 340 327 314 300

465 437 409 391 373 356 343 331 319 306

467 439 411 394 376 358 347 335 324 312470 442 414 396 379 361 350 339 329 318

473 445 417 399 381 363 353 343 333 323

475 447 419 401 383 365 356 346 337 327

478 450 422 404 385 367 358 350 341 332

480 452 424 405 387 368 360 352 344 336

482 454 426 407 388 370 362 355 348 340

485 456 428 409 390 371 364 358 351 344

487 460 432 413 394 375 368 362 356 349

490 463 436 417 398 378 372 366 360 354

493 466 440 421 401 382 376 370 365 359

502 475 449 429 409 389 383 378 372 366

510 484 457 437 417 397 391 385 379 373519 493 466 445 425 404 398 392 386 380

530 503 475 453 432 410 404 398 392 387

541 513 485 462 438 415 410 404 399 393

551 523 494 470 445 421 416 410 405 400

562 533 505 479 453 428 422 417 412 406

573 544 515 488 461 434 429 424 418 413

584 555 526 498 469 441 436 430 425 420

595 566 537 508 480 451 445 439 433 427

605 576 547 519 490 461 455 448 442 435

616 587 558 529 500 471 464 457 450 443

627 597 568 539 510 481 474 466 458 451

637 608 579 550 521 492 483 475 467 458648 618 589 560 531 502 493 484 475 466

658 629 599 570 541 512 502 493 483 474

668 639 610 580 551 522 512 502 492 482

679 649 620 591 561 532 521 511 500 489

689 659 630 601 571 542 531 519 508 497

699 669 640 611 581 552 540 528 516 504

709 679 650 621 591 562 549 537 524 511

718 689 660 630 601 572 558 545 532 519

728 699 669 640 611 581 567 554 540 526

738 708 679 650 620 591 577 562 548 533

747 718 688 659 630 600 585 570 555 540

757 727 698 668 639 610 594 578 563 547766 737 707 678 648 619 603 587 571 554

776 746 717 687 658 628 612 595 578 561

785 756 726 697 667 638 620 603 586 569

795 765 736 706 677 647 629 611 594 576

804 774 745 715 686 656 638 619 601 582

813 783 754 724 695 665 646 627 608 589

822 792 763 733 704 674 654 635 615 595

831 801 772 742 713 683 663 643 623 603

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840 810 781 752 722 693 672 651 631 610

849 819 790 761 731 702 681 660 639 617

857 828 799 769 740 711 689 668 647 625

866 837 807 778 749 719 698 676 655 633

875 845 816 787 757 728 706 684 663 641

883 854 825 795 766 737 715 692 670 648

892 863 833 804 775 745 723 701 678 656901 871 842 813 783 754 731 709 686 663

909 880 850 821 792 762 739 716 694 671

917 888 859 829 800 771 747 724 701 678

926 896 867 838 808 779 756 732 709 685

934 905 875 846 817 787 764 740 716 692

942 913 884 854 825 796 772 748 724 700

951 921 892 863 833 804 780 756 732 707

958 929 900 871 841 812 788 763 739 714

966 937 908 879 849 820 795 771 746 722

974 945 916 887 857 828 803 778 754 729

982 953 924 895 865 836 811 786 761 736

990 961 932 903 873 844 819 793 768 743998 969 940 911 881 852 827 801 776 750

1006 977 948 918 889 860 834 808 783 757

1013 984 955 926 897 868 842 816 790 764

1021 992 963 934 905 876 850 823 797 771

1028 999 970 941 913 884 857 831 804 778

1036 1007 978 949 920 891 865 838 811 785

1043 1014 985 956 928 899 872 845 819 792

1050 1022 993 964 935 906 879 852 825 798

1058 1029 1000 971 943 914 887 859 832 805

1065 1037 1008 979 950 921 894 866 839 812

1073 1044 1015 986 958 929 901 874 846 818

1080 1051 1023 994 965 936 909 881 853 8251087 1059 1030 1001 973 944 916 888 860 832

1094 1066 1037 1008 980 951 923 895 867 838

1101 1073 1044 1015 987 958 930 901 873 845

1108 1080 1051 1022 994 965 937 908 880 851

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17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

154 139 134 128 123 118 112 107

137 134 133 131 130 128 127 125

137 134 132 130 129 127 125 123

137 133 131 129 128 126 124 122137 133 131 129 127 124 122 120

137 133 130 128 126 124 122 119

137 132 130 128 126 123 121 119

138 132 130 127 125 123 120 118

137 131 129 127 125 123 121 119

137 130 128 126 125 123 121 119

137 129 128 126 125 123 122 120

136 128 126 124 123 121 119 117

136 127 125 123 121 119 117 115

136 126 124 121 119 117 114 112

137 127 123 120 117 114 111 107

138 127 123 119 115 111 107 103139 128 123 118 113 108 103 098

140 129 124 119 114 108 103 098

142 129 124 119 114 109 104 099

143 130 125 120 115 109 104 099

144 131 126 120 115 110 105 100

145 131 126 121 116 111 106 101

147 132 127 122 117 112 107 102

149 134 129 124 119 114 109 104

152 137 131 126 121 116 111 105

154 139 134 128 123 118 112 107

157 141 136 130 125 120 114 109

159 143 138 132 127 122 116 111161 145 140 134 129 124 118 113

163 147 141 136 131 126 121 115

165 148 143 138 133 128 123 118

167 150 145 140 135 130 125 120

170 153 148 143 138 133 128 123

173 155 150 145 140 135 130 125

176 158 153 148 143 138 133 128

178 160 155 150 145 141 136 131

181 161 157 152 148 143 139 134

183 163 159 154 150 146 141 137

184 164 160 156 153 149 145 142

186 164 161 158 155 152 149 146187 165 163 160 158 156 153 151

194 173 170 168 165 163 160 158

202 180 178 175 173 170 168 165

209 188 185 183 180 177 175 172

219 199 196 192 189 186 183 179

229 210 206 202 198 194 191 187

239 221 217 212 208 203 199 194

248 230 226 221 216 211 206 201

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256 240 235 229 224 219 214 209

265 249 244 238 233 227 222 216

272 257 252 246 240 234 229 223

280 266 260 254 248 242 236 230

287 274 268 262 256 249 243 237

294 281 275 269 263 256 250 244

300 289 282 276 270 264 257 251307 296 290 283 277 271 264 258

312 302 296 290 284 277 271 265

318 309 303 296 290 284 278 272

324 315 309 303 297 291 285 279

328 320 315 309 303 297 292 286

333 326 320 315 309 304 298 293

338 331 326 321 316 310 305 300

343 336 331 326 322 317 312 307

348 342 337 332 328 323 318 313

353 347 343 338 334 329 325 320

360 354 349 345 340 336 331 326

367 361 356 352 347 342 337 333374 368 363 358 354 349 344 339

381 375 370 365 360 355 350 345

388 382 377 372 367 362 357 352

394 389 384 379 374 368 363 358

401 396 390 385 380 375 370 364

408 402 397 392 387 381 376 371

414 409 404 398 393 388 382 377

422 416 410 405 400 394 389 383

429 422 417 411 406 401 395 390

436 429 424 418 413 407 402 396

443 435 430 424 419 413 408 402

450 442 436 431 425 420 414 409457 448 443 437 432 426 421 415

464 455 449 444 438 432 427 421

471 461 456 450 445 439 433 428

479 468 462 457 451 445 440 434

485 474 468 463 457 451 446 440

492 480 474 469 463 457 452 446

499 486 480 475 469 463 458 452

505 492 486 481 475 469 464 458

512 498 492 487 481 475 470 464

519 504 498 493 487 481 476 470

525 510 504 499 493 487 481 476

532 516 510 504 499 493 487 481538 522 516 510 505 499 493 487

545 528 522 516 511 505 499 493

551 534 528 522 517 511 505 499

558 540 534 528 523 517 511 505

564 545 540 534 528 522 516 510

570 551 545 539 533 527 522 516

576 556 550 544 539 533 527 521

583 562 556 550 545 539 533 527

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589 569 563 557 551 544 538 532

596 575 569 563 557 550 544 538

604 582 576 569 563 556 550 543

611 590 583 576 569 562 556 549

619 597 590 583 576 568 561 554

626 604 597 589 582 574 567 559

633 611 603 596 588 580 572 565641 618 610 602 594 586 578 570

648 625 616 608 600 592 584 575

655 631 623 614 606 598 589 581

662 638 629 621 612 603 595 586

669 645 636 627 618 609 600 591

676 652 643 633 624 615 605 596

683 659 649 640 630 620 611 601

690 666 656 646 636 626 616 606

697 672 662 652 642 631 621 611

704 679 669 658 648 637 627 616

711 686 675 664 653 642 632 621

718 692 681 670 659 648 637 625725 699 688 676 665 653 642 630

731 705 694 682 670 658 647 635

738 712 700 688 676 664 652 640

744 718 706 694 682 669 657 645

751 725 712 700 687 674 662 649

758 731 718 705 693 680 667 654

765 738 725 711 698 685 671 658

771 744 731 717 704 690 676 663

778 751 737 723 709 695 681 667

784 757 743 729 715 700 686 672

791 763 749 734 720 706 691 677

797 770 755 740 726 711 696 681804 776 761 746 731 716 701 686

810 782 767 752 737 722 706 691

816 788 773 758 742 727 712 697

823 794 779 763 748 733 717 702

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%:"e of ;ridge

1 )onolit/ic construction and concrete (o* (eams ' critical negati,e moment region is at t/e

2 Steel and wood (eams ' critical negati,e moment section at one'<uarter of t/e flange widt/

3 Precast !'s/a"ed and %'s/a"ed concrete (eams ' critical moment section at one t/ird of fla

3 Precast !'s/a"ed and %'s/a"ed concrete (eams ' critical moment section at one t/ird of fla

oncrete Strengt/1 4000 fc > 4000 "si

2 5000 fc > 5000 "si

3 6000 fc > 6000 "si

4 7000 fc > 7000 "si

5 8000 fc > 8000 "si

2 5000 fc > 5000 "si

?*"osure ondition

1 oncrete not e*"osed to eart/ and weat/er ' ? > 08 glass fi(er

2 oncrete e*"osed to eart/ and weat/er ' ? > 07 glass fi(er

2 oncrete e*"osed to eart/ and weat/er ' ? > 07 glass fi(er

Sla( S"an %:"e

1 )ultigirder ot Re<uired

2 on'multigi Re<uired

2 on'multigi on'multigirder a""lication ' Re<uired

++ eflection +imit

1 0001250 o Pedestrian %raffic ' +800

2 0001000 +imited Pedestrian %raffic ' +1000

3 0000833 Significant Pedestrian %raffic ' +1200

1 0001250 o Pedestrian %raffic ' +800

 #g %w @* d

in2 in in in

1 1 ! ;ar 03221 0160 0460 100

2 125 ! ;ar 03560 0160 0600 125

3 15 ! ;ar 04021 0160 0670 150

4 2 % ;ar 05536 0160 0730 200

3 15 ! ;ar 04021 0160 0670 150

%:"e of ;ridge

1 #est/etics is not a concern

2 #est/etics is a concern

2 #est/etics is a concern