STRESS @ WORKPLACE - Ong Specialist, Penang | Total Wellness
Transcript of STRESS @ WORKPLACE - Ong Specialist, Penang | Total Wellness
![Page 1: STRESS @ WORKPLACE - Ong Specialist, Penang | Total Wellness](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022020704/61fb5e342e268c58cd5d5761/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
STRESSSTRESS@
WORKPLACEDr. ONG BENG KEAT
Consultant PsychiatristPsychological Medicine Clinic
LohGuanLye Specialists Centre, Penang
![Page 2: STRESS @ WORKPLACE - Ong Specialist, Penang | Total Wellness](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022020704/61fb5e342e268c58cd5d5761/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
OutlineOutline
Introduction: What is stress?
Sources of stressStress and productivityStress and mental healthHow to recognise mental disorders?TreatmentCoping skills
![Page 3: STRESS @ WORKPLACE - Ong Specialist, Penang | Total Wellness](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022020704/61fb5e342e268c58cd5d5761/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
What is stress?What is stress?
Automatic biological reaction to stimuliAutomatic biological reaction to stimuli
INTERNAL BODILYRESPONSE
![Page 4: STRESS @ WORKPLACE - Ong Specialist, Penang | Total Wellness](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022020704/61fb5e342e268c58cd5d5761/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
What is stress?What is stress?
Destructive force upon the individualDestructive force upon the individual
EXTERNAL STIMULI
![Page 5: STRESS @ WORKPLACE - Ong Specialist, Penang | Total Wellness](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022020704/61fb5e342e268c58cd5d5761/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
What is stress?What is stress?
RESPONSE STIMULI
![Page 6: STRESS @ WORKPLACE - Ong Specialist, Penang | Total Wellness](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022020704/61fb5e342e268c58cd5d5761/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
What is stress?What is stress?
Interaction between stimuli and responses:Interaction between stimuli and responses:
RESPONSE STIMULI
![Page 7: STRESS @ WORKPLACE - Ong Specialist, Penang | Total Wellness](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022020704/61fb5e342e268c58cd5d5761/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
What is stress?What is stress?
STRESS= perceived MISMATCH between STRESS= perceived MISMATCH between demands + copingdemands + coping
RESPONSE STIMULI
![Page 8: STRESS @ WORKPLACE - Ong Specialist, Penang | Total Wellness](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022020704/61fb5e342e268c58cd5d5761/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
“A pattern of negative (physiological, psychological) responses occurring in situations where people perceive threats to their well being which they may be unable to meet”
Lazarus & Folkman (1984)
![Page 9: STRESS @ WORKPLACE - Ong Specialist, Penang | Total Wellness](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022020704/61fb5e342e268c58cd5d5761/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Sources of stress:Sources of stress:
Biological sourcesBiological sources
Social sourcesSocial sources
Environmental sourcesEnvironmental sources
Psychological sourcesPsychological sources
![Page 10: STRESS @ WORKPLACE - Ong Specialist, Penang | Total Wellness](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022020704/61fb5e342e268c58cd5d5761/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Sources of stress:Sources of stress:
Biological sourcesBiological sourcesFatigue, Disease, InjuryFatigue, Disease, Injury
Social sourcesSocial sourcesWork place, InterpersonalWork place, Interpersonal
Environmental sourcesEnvironmental sourcesNoises, Pollution, Accidents, Natural disastersNoises, Pollution, Accidents, Natural disasters
Psychological sourcesPsychological sourcesPersonality, Locus of ControlPersonality, Locus of Control
![Page 11: STRESS @ WORKPLACE - Ong Specialist, Penang | Total Wellness](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022020704/61fb5e342e268c58cd5d5761/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Multiple causes of stress at workMultiple causes of stress at work
![Page 12: STRESS @ WORKPLACE - Ong Specialist, Penang | Total Wellness](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022020704/61fb5e342e268c58cd5d5761/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
BIOLOGICAL
ENVIRONMENTAL
PSYCHOLOGICAL
SOCIAL
![Page 13: STRESS @ WORKPLACE - Ong Specialist, Penang | Total Wellness](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022020704/61fb5e342e268c58cd5d5761/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
HOW STRESSFUL ARE YOU?HOW STRESSFUL ARE YOU?
CAN STRESS BE MEASURED?CAN STRESS BE MEASURED?CAN IT BE QUANTIFIED?CAN IT BE QUANTIFIED?
![Page 14: STRESS @ WORKPLACE - Ong Specialist, Penang | Total Wellness](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022020704/61fb5e342e268c58cd5d5761/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
![Page 15: STRESS @ WORKPLACE - Ong Specialist, Penang | Total Wellness](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022020704/61fb5e342e268c58cd5d5761/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
HOW STRESSFUL ARE YOU?HOW STRESSFUL ARE YOU?
A few ways to evaluate level of stress.A few ways to evaluate level of stress.Each method has its advantages and Each method has its advantages and
disadvantages.disadvantages.Different individuals may react differently to Different individuals may react differently to
stress.stress.
![Page 16: STRESS @ WORKPLACE - Ong Specialist, Penang | Total Wellness](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022020704/61fb5e342e268c58cd5d5761/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
HOW STRESSFUL ARE YOU?HOW STRESSFUL ARE YOU?
A few ways to evaluate level of stress:A few ways to evaluate level of stress:EgEg:: Social Readjustment Rating ScaleSocial Readjustment Rating Scale
Hassles and Uplifts ScaleHassles and Uplifts Scale
![Page 17: STRESS @ WORKPLACE - Ong Specialist, Penang | Total Wellness](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022020704/61fb5e342e268c58cd5d5761/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
What is YOUR level of stress?What is YOUR level of stress?((social readjustment rating scale)
LIFE EVENTSLIFE EVENTS MEAN SCOREMEAN SCORE
Death of spouse 100Divorce 73Marital separation 65Detention (jail/institution) 63Death of a close family member 63Major injury or illness 53Marriage 50Fired from work 47Retirement 45
![Page 18: STRESS @ WORKPLACE - Ong Specialist, Penang | Total Wellness](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022020704/61fb5e342e268c58cd5d5761/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Major change in health of family Major change in health of family 4444PregnancyPregnancy 4040Gaining a new family memberGaining a new family member 3939Major change in financial stateMajor change in financial state 3838Death of a close friendDeath of a close friend 3737Changing a different line of work 3636Child leaves home (marriage/college)(marriage/college) 2929Outstanding personal achievementOutstanding personal achievement 2828Troubles with bossTroubles with boss 2323VacationVacation 1515Minor violations of the lawMinor violations of the law 1111
![Page 19: STRESS @ WORKPLACE - Ong Specialist, Penang | Total Wellness](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022020704/61fb5e342e268c58cd5d5761/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Stress and ProductivityStress and Productivity
At work, stress causes:At work, stress causes:Absenteeism Absenteeism Reduced efficiencyReduced efficiencyIndustrial accidentsIndustrial accidentsHealth related problemsHealth related problems-- chronic illnesseschronic illnessesMental disordersMental disorders
Economic & Social lossesEconomic & Social losses
![Page 20: STRESS @ WORKPLACE - Ong Specialist, Penang | Total Wellness](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022020704/61fb5e342e268c58cd5d5761/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Stress & PerformanceStress & Performance
PerformancePerformance
Amount of stressAmount of stress
![Page 21: STRESS @ WORKPLACE - Ong Specialist, Penang | Total Wellness](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022020704/61fb5e342e268c58cd5d5761/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Stress & PerformanceStress & Performance
PerformancePerformance
Amount of stressAmount of stress
PE
AK
performance
![Page 22: STRESS @ WORKPLACE - Ong Specialist, Penang | Total Wellness](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022020704/61fb5e342e268c58cd5d5761/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Stress & PerformanceStress & Performance
Amount of stressAmount of stress
ability to copeability to cope
PE
AK
performance
![Page 23: STRESS @ WORKPLACE - Ong Specialist, Penang | Total Wellness](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022020704/61fb5e342e268c58cd5d5761/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Stress & PerformanceStress & Performance
Amount of stressAmount of stress
unable to copeunable to cope
PE
AK
performance
![Page 24: STRESS @ WORKPLACE - Ong Specialist, Penang | Total Wellness](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022020704/61fb5e342e268c58cd5d5761/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
“Do your best to achieve best (peak) performance.”
But not over-do beyond your ability to cope…
![Page 25: STRESS @ WORKPLACE - Ong Specialist, Penang | Total Wellness](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022020704/61fb5e342e268c58cd5d5761/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Stress Stress and and
HealthHealth
![Page 26: STRESS @ WORKPLACE - Ong Specialist, Penang | Total Wellness](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022020704/61fb5e342e268c58cd5d5761/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Physical healthPhysical health
Mental healthMental health
![Page 27: STRESS @ WORKPLACE - Ong Specialist, Penang | Total Wellness](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022020704/61fb5e342e268c58cd5d5761/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Physical healthPhysical health
Mental healthMental health
![Page 28: STRESS @ WORKPLACE - Ong Specialist, Penang | Total Wellness](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022020704/61fb5e342e268c58cd5d5761/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
STRESS
Diabetes
Heart Disease
HIV
IrritableBowel Syndrome Others
ChronicPain
Cancer
Alzheimer’sDisease
Stroke
STRESS AND MEDICAL ILLNESSES
![Page 29: STRESS @ WORKPLACE - Ong Specialist, Penang | Total Wellness](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022020704/61fb5e342e268c58cd5d5761/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
STRESS
Psychosis
Anxiety
HIV
Depressive Others
Psychosomatic
Dissociative(Hysteria)
Alzheimer’sDisease
Alcohol & Drug Misuse
STRESS AND MENTAL DISORDERS
![Page 30: STRESS @ WORKPLACE - Ong Specialist, Penang | Total Wellness](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022020704/61fb5e342e268c58cd5d5761/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
STRESS
Psychosis
Anxiety
HIV
Depressive Others
Psychosomatic
Dissociative(Hysteria)
Alzheimer’sDisease
Alcohol & Drug Misuse
STRESS AND MENTAL DISORDERS
![Page 31: STRESS @ WORKPLACE - Ong Specialist, Penang | Total Wellness](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022020704/61fb5e342e268c58cd5d5761/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
ANXIETY DISORDERSANXIETY DISORDERS
A group of mental disordersA group of mental disorders
Subjective and Physiologic manifestations Subjective and Physiologic manifestations of fear.of fear.
The source of The source of ‘‘fear/ dangerfear/ danger’’ is usually not is usually not recognisedrecognised. .
![Page 32: STRESS @ WORKPLACE - Ong Specialist, Penang | Total Wellness](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022020704/61fb5e342e268c58cd5d5761/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
5 major disorders under DSM5 major disorders under DSM--IV:IV:
PANIC DISORDERPHOBIASGENERALISED ANXIETY DISORDERPOST-TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDEROBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE DISORDER
![Page 33: STRESS @ WORKPLACE - Ong Specialist, Penang | Total Wellness](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022020704/61fb5e342e268c58cd5d5761/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
PANIC DISORDERPANIC DISORDERRecurrent Recurrent Unexpected Unexpected Panic attacksPanic attacks
At least 1 of the attacks is followed by 1 month At least 1 of the attacks is followed by 1 month (or more) of 1 (or more) of:(or more) of 1 (or more) of:
Persistent concern of having another attackPersistent concern of having another attackWorry about the implications of the attackWorry about the implications of the attackSignificant change in behavior related to the attackSignificant change in behavior related to the attack
Not due to a substance/ general medical conditionNot due to a substance/ general medical condition
![Page 34: STRESS @ WORKPLACE - Ong Specialist, Penang | Total Wellness](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022020704/61fb5e342e268c58cd5d5761/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
FEATURES OF A PANIC ATTACK!FEATURES OF A PANIC ATTACK!
PalpitationsPalpitationsChest pain/ discomfortChest pain/ discomfortShortness of breath/ smotheringShortness of breath/ smotheringChoking sensationChoking sensationNausea, abdominal distressNausea, abdominal distressSweatingSweatingTremblingTrembling
![Page 35: STRESS @ WORKPLACE - Ong Specialist, Penang | Total Wellness](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022020704/61fb5e342e268c58cd5d5761/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Dizzy, unsteady, faintDizzy, unsteady, faintDerealisationDerealisation, , depersonalisationdepersonalisationFear of losing control/ Fear of losing control/ ‘‘going crazygoing crazy’’Fear of Fear of ‘‘dyingdying’’
PupillaryPupillary dilatationdilatationDiarrhoeaDiarrhoeaUrinary urgency etcUrinary urgency etc……
![Page 36: STRESS @ WORKPLACE - Ong Specialist, Penang | Total Wellness](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022020704/61fb5e342e268c58cd5d5761/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
GeneralisedGeneralised Anxiety Disorder Anxiety Disorder (GAD)(GAD)
The anxiety and worry are The anxiety and worry are associated with 3 of these 6 associated with 3 of these 6 symptoms:symptoms:
Restless, Restless, ‘‘keyedkeyed--upup’’, on, on--thethe--edgeedgeEasily tiredEasily tiredDifficult to concentrate, Difficult to concentrate, ‘‘mind goes blankmind goes blank’’IrritableIrritableMuscle tensionMuscle tensionSleep disturbanceSleep disturbance
![Page 37: STRESS @ WORKPLACE - Ong Specialist, Penang | Total Wellness](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022020704/61fb5e342e268c58cd5d5761/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
The depression/anxiety The depression/anxiety continuumcontinuum
AAnxiety
Ad AD Da DDepression
![Page 38: STRESS @ WORKPLACE - Ong Specialist, Penang | Total Wellness](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022020704/61fb5e342e268c58cd5d5761/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Strong association:Strong association:
PANIC DISORDERPANIC DISORDERDEPRESSIONDEPRESSION
![Page 39: STRESS @ WORKPLACE - Ong Specialist, Penang | Total Wellness](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022020704/61fb5e342e268c58cd5d5761/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
What type of help is needed?
1) Correct assessment.1) Correct assessment.2) Diagnosis.2) Diagnosis.
3) Plan of management:3) Plan of management:1)1) Medication is very important in most cases.Medication is very important in most cases.2)2) Methods to cope with depression and stress.Methods to cope with depression and stress.
![Page 40: STRESS @ WORKPLACE - Ong Specialist, Penang | Total Wellness](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022020704/61fb5e342e268c58cd5d5761/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
For mild cases, For mild cases, ((psycho)therapypsycho)therapy may be may be
sufficient.sufficient.
For moderate to severe For moderate to severe cases, medication is cases, medication is
important to reduce the important to reduce the symptoms and duration of symptoms and duration of
illness.illness.
![Page 41: STRESS @ WORKPLACE - Ong Specialist, Penang | Total Wellness](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022020704/61fb5e342e268c58cd5d5761/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Treatment:Treatment:Pharmacotherapy Pharmacotherapy Psychotherapy Psychotherapy
Antidepressants:Antidepressants:VenlafaxineVenlafaxineSSRIsSSRIs
CognitiveCognitive--behavioral behavioral therapytherapy(CBT)(CBT)
Benzodiazepines:Benzodiazepines:LorazepamLorazepamAlpraxolamAlpraxolamDiazepam Diazepam BetaBeta--blockers:blockers:PropranololPropranolol
![Page 42: STRESS @ WORKPLACE - Ong Specialist, Penang | Total Wellness](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022020704/61fb5e342e268c58cd5d5761/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
The The ““LIVING SKILLSLIVING SKILLS””
Whether it is in the workWhether it is in the work--place or other place or other social environment, certain social environment, certain ‘‘masterymastery’’ in in living skills are essential:living skills are essential:1) communication skill1) communication skill2) assertive technique2) assertive technique3) problem3) problem--solving skillsolving skill4) time4) time--managementmanagement5) improving self5) improving self--esteemesteem
![Page 43: STRESS @ WORKPLACE - Ong Specialist, Penang | Total Wellness](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022020704/61fb5e342e268c58cd5d5761/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
THANK YOU