Stress & its Management

Presented By:Gauransh GandhiPharmaceutical Mgmt.PM/2014/402NIPER, Hyderabad

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Concept of Stress

Stress is a condition in which the person experiences changes in the normal balanced state. ( Kozier,2008)

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Causes of Stress

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Organizational Factors

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•Discrimination in pay/salary structure• Strict rules and regulations• Ineffective communication• Peer pressure•Goals conflicts•More of centralized and formal organization structure• Less promotional opportunities• Lack of employees participation in decision-making• Excessive control over the employees by the managers

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Individual Factors

• Career Development

• Personality Type

• Life Changes

• Role Perceptions

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Job Concerning Factors

•Monotonous nature of job

•Unhealthy and unsafe working conditions

•Conflicts

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Extra-organizational Factors• Social Changes

• Technological Changes

• Community Changes

• Economic Conditions

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Signs of Stress

•You feel irritable.•You have sleeping difficulties. •You do not get any joy out of life.•Your appetite is disturbed. •You have relationship problems and have a difficult time getting along with people.

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Types of Stress

•Eustress: It is the healthy, positive & developmental stress response. •Distress: It is the unhealthy & negative stress response. •Acute stress: A short-term stress reaction to an immediate threat•Chronic stress: A long-term stress reaction resulting from ongoing situations

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Stages of Stress

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Alarm Reaction•Muscles Tense

• Heart Beats Faster

• The Breathing And Perspiration Increases

• The Eyes Dilate

• The Stomach May Clench

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Resistance

•Fatigue

•Concentration Lapses

• Irritability And Lethargy

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Exhaustion

•Decreased Stress Tolerance

•Progressive Mental And Physical Exhaustion

• Illness And Collapse

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Severe Exhaustion Stage

•Chronic sadness or depression•Chronic mental and physical fatigue•Chronic stress related illnesses (headache, stomach ache, bowel problems, etc.)• Isolation, withdrawal, self-destructive thoughts

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Consequences of Stress

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Individual Consequences of Stress

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Organizational Consequences of Stress•Absenteeism

•Diminished productivity

•Compensation claims

•Health insurance

•Direct medical expenses

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Management of Stress

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Individual Stress Management• Find jobs that provide a personally acceptable balance

between demands and control and between effort required and rewards.• Redesign a dysfunctional job.• Follow the tactics presented in the Managerial Advice

feature.• Develop healthy ways of coping.

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Individual Stress Management

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Organizational Stress Management• Increase individuals’ autonomy and control• Ensure that individuals are compensated properly• Maintain job demands/requirements at healthy levels• Ensure that associates have adequate skills to keep up-to-date

with technical changes in the workplace• Increase associate involvement in important decision making • Improve physical working conditions• Provide for job security and career development• Provide healthy work schedules• Improve communication to help avoid uncertainty and ambiguity

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