Stress20Schear... · 2012. 1. 17. ·...
Transcript of Stress20Schear... · 2012. 1. 17. ·...
!"#$%!&'!(&)*+,-).''!
(.*&%$%&/)0!
• 1&)*+,-).''!(.*&%$%&/)!2113!&'!$!
45$6%&6.!%#$%!#.-4'!4./4-.!*.7.-/4!
!"!#$%&'()(!*+,-./")0+112"!+*(!+**(!*2"!.%/!.84.5&.)6.'!!21(!1+*2"!1-.*3"%'3*1.+!&.4((,2!'13!#$44.)&)9!%/!%#.(!&)!%#.!05(1(!*!(/(.)%:!;&%#/,%!5,(&)$%&)9!/7.5!
%#.!4$'%!/5!+,%,5.!<=:>?@!
• 1&)*+,-).''!(.*&%$%&/)!#$'!&%'!
4#&-/'/4#&6$-!5//%'!&)!A,**#&'(:!B,%!
&'!$!*&7.5'.!95/,4!/+!)2!"&7.(8(5/21(1!%#$%!#$7.!/+%.)!B..)!,'.*!/,%'&*.!/+!$!5.-&9&/,'!+5$(.;/5C!%/!
&(45/7.!;.--B.&)9!$)*!5.-&.7.!'%5.''!
• 1$)D!#.$-%#6$5.!45$6%&%&/).5'!#$7.!
65.$%.*!(&)*+,-).''!45/95$('!B$'.*!
/)!%#.!92!&4%,!(11#:+1(&.;*5(11.<(&%/*2"!.=9:;<>!45/95$(!
*.7.-/4.*!BD!E5@!F/)!G$B$%HI&))!$%!
%#.!J1$''!1.*&6$-!K.)%.5L'!M%5.''!
N.*,6%&/)!O5/95$(!<=?@!
!
!
N.+.5.)6.'P!
<Q?!A/D6.:!R@!S!T--&':!A@!A&/-/9&6$-!'.)'&%&7&%D!%/!6/)%.8%P!U@!V)!
.7/-,%&/)$5DW!*.7.-/4(.)%$-!%#./5D!/+!%#.!/5&9&)'!$)*!+,)6%&/)'!
/+!'%5.''!5.$6%&7&%D@!!"#"$%&'"()*+(,*-./01%&+)1%$%2/@!XYYZ[!Q\:!X\QH>YQ@!
!
<X?!K$5-'/)!]T:!.%!$-@!^).!D.$5!45.W4/'%!&)%.57.)%&/)!+/--/;H,4!/+!
4'D6#/-/9&6$-:!&((,).:!.)*/65&).!$)*!B-//*!45.'',5.!/,%6/(.'!
/+!(&)*+,-).''HB$'.*!'%5.''!5.*,6%&/)!21AMN3!&)!B5.$'%!$)*!
45/'%$%.!6$)6.5!/,%4$%&.)%'@!34+5(6*3"1+#5%46*+(,*7''8(5)/@!XYY\[XQ2_3PQY>_HQY`=@!
!
<>?!K$5(/*D:!.%!$-@!!U)7&%.*!K/((.)%$5DP!.7/-7&)9!6/)6.4%&/)'!/+!
(&)*+,-).''!&)!6-&)&6$-!'.%%&)9'@!9%84(+$*%:*;%2(5)5#"*-./01%)1"4+&/@!XYY=[X>:!X\YH_Y@!!
<`?!E,%%/):!.%!$-@!1&)*+,-).''HA$'.*!M%5.''!N.*,6%&/)!+/5!]/;H
U)6/(.:!O5.*/(&)$)%-D!V+5&6$)!V(.5&6$)!"/(.)!"&%#!ORME!
$)*!$!a&'%/5D!/+!U)%&($%.!O$5%).5!b&/-.)6.@!;%2(5)5#"*+(,*3"1+#5%4+$*-4+0)50"@!XYQQ:!*/&PQY@QYQcde6B45$@XYQQ@Y_@YY>!!
<Z?!f.-&%%&!b:!.%!$-@!N.-$%&/)'#&4!/+!K#&-*#//*!VB,'.!$)*!
a/,'.#/-*!ED'+,)6%&/)!%/!1$)D!/+!%#.!].$*&)9!K$,'.'!/+!E.$%#!
&)!V*,-%'P!R#.!V*7.5'.!K#&-*#//*!T84.5&.)6.'!2VKT3!M%,*D@!
<'"450+(*9%84(+$*%:*-4"#"()5#"*=",505("@!Q==_[!Q`2`3@!!
<c?!f5&.*($)!1F:!16T;.)!AM@!O/'%%5$,($%&6!'%5.''!*&'/5*.5:!
$--/'%$%&6!-/$*:!$)*!(.*&6$-!&--).''@!U)P!M6#),55!OO:!g5..)!A]:!.*'@!
>4+8'+*+(,*1"+$)1?*-1/.50+$*1"+$)1*0%(."@8"(0".*%:*"A&%.84"*)%*"A)4"'"*.)4"..B!"$'#&)9%/):!EK:!JMP!V(.5&6$)!O'D6#/-/9&6$-!
V''/6&$%&/)[!QZ\HQ__@!
!
<\?!ah-i.-!AG:!.%!$-@!1&)*+,-).''!45$6%&6.!-.$*'!%/!&)65.$'.'!&)!
5.9&/)$-!B5$&)!95$D!($%%.5!*.)'&%D@!-./015+)4/*C"."+401?*D"84%5'+25(2@!XYQQ[!Q=Q2Q3P>cH`>@!!
<_?!G$B$%HI&)):!F@!.%!$-@!T++.6%&7.).''!/+!$!(.*&%$%&/)HB$'.*!
'%5.''!5.*,6%&/)!45/95$(!&)!%#.!%5.$%(.)%!/+!$)8&.%D!*&'/5*.5'@!
<'"450+(*9%84(+$*%:*-./015+)4/@!Q==X[Q`=:=>cH`>@!!
<=?!G$B$%HI&)):!F@!E8$$*;+)+.)4%&1"*%:*F5#5(2?*G.5(2*)1"*H5.,%'*%:*/%84*I%,/*+(,*'5(,*)%*:+0"*.)4"..6*&+5(*+(,*5$$("..B*j.;!k/5CP!
E.-%$:!Q==Q@!
!
<QY?!]$i$5:!M@!.%!$-@!1.*&%$%&/)!.84.5&.)6.!&'!$''/6&$%.*!;&%#!
&)65.$'.*!6/5%&6$-!%#&6C).''@!j.,5/5.4/5%@!XYYZ[!Qc2Q\3P!Q_=>W
Q_=\@!!
!
<QQ?!16T;$):!A@!O#D'&/-/9D!$)*!j.,5/B&/-/9D!/+!M%5.''!$)*!
V*$4%$%&/)P!K.)%5$-!N/-.!/+!%#.!A5$&)@!-1/.5%$*C"#!XYY\[!_\P!_\>W=Y`@!!!
!
U($9.'!+5/(P!
• #%%4Pdd;;;@'/,*$B.#(+%@6/(d(&)*+,-).''$)*'%5.''@#%(-!
• (&)*B/*D95..)@6/(!
• '%5.''H45/B.('@6/(!
!
A5/6#,5.!65.$%.*!BD!M$5$#!M6#.$5:!A&/6#.(&'%5D!>>Y:!V(#.5'%!
K/--.9.:!''6#.$5QXl$(#.5'%@.*,!
.!
1&)*+,-).''!
1.*&%$%&/)P!
!
V!O5$6%&6.!%#$%!K$)!
]/;.5!Stress!!$)*!!
U(45/7.!a.$-%#!
$)*!".--B.&)9!
;(+*(&.)(&2*+*2"!?.K#&-*5.)!$)*!$*,-%'!6$)!5.*,6.!'%5.''!;&%#!(&)*+,-).''!
45$6%&6.@!
!
!1.*&%$%&/)!6$)!6#$)9.!%#.!;$D'!4./4-.!
.84.5&.)6.!$)*!5.$6%!%/!'%5.''!+/5!%#.!
B.%%.5:!B/%#!4#D'&/-/9&6$--D!26#.(&6$-!
&)*&6$%/5'!/+!'%5.''3!$)*!',Be.6%&7.-D!
2+..-&)9!'%5.''.*!/,%m3!
• T7.)!$*,-%!B5$&)'!#$7.!95.$%!4/%.)%&$-!
+/5*&$+.)505)/:!(.$)&)9!6#$)9.!$)*!
#.$-&)9P!
o !!M%,*&.'!#$7.!+/,)*!%#$%!11!
45$6%&6.!&'!$''/6&$%.*!;&%#!
&)65.$'.*!95$D!($%%.5!*.)'&%D!&)!
%#.!3200"/+)0%1:!$)*!&)!5.9&/)'!/+!%#.!B5$&)!$''/6&$%.*!;&%#!
$%%.)%&/)!$)*!'.)'/5D!45/6.''&)9:!
6/,)%.5$6%&)9!'%5.''!.++.6%'!<\:QY?@!
!
V!;.--H.'%$B-&'#.*!%.6#)&n,.!+/5!5.*,6&)9!
'%5.''!%#5/,9#!(&)*+,-).''!&'!92!&4%,!(11#:+1(&.;*5(11.<(&%/*2"!.=9:;<>@.R#.!.&9#%H;..C!45/95$(!&)7/-7.'!!
o !!f/5($-!(&)*+,-).''!%5$&)&)9!
o !!V!(&)*+,-!'.-+H'6$)!/+!%#.!B/*D!
o !!1&)*+,-!D/9$!
o !!a/(.!45$6%&6.!$''&9)(.)%'!
o !!M&%%&)9!(.*&%$%&/)!24&6%,5.*!B.-/;3!!
!
• ^)6.!1AMN!%.6#)&n,.'!$5.!-.$5).*:!
%#.D!5.($&)!;&%#!D/,!$)*!6$)!B.!
45$6%&6.*!$)D;#.5.m!
• 1AMN!$)*!/%#.5!(&)*+,-).''!45/95$('!
#$7.!-.$*!%/!&(45/7.(.)%'!&)!'.-+H
5.4/5%.*!4'D6#/-/9&6$-!;.--B.&)9:!
&)6-,*&)9!&)65.$'.*!$;$5.).'':!
$66.4%$)6.:!'.-+H.(4/;.5(.)%:!'.-+H
6$5.:!6/(4$''&/):!$)*!*.65.$'.*!
*&'%5.''!$)*!6#5/)&6!4$&)!<`:!>:_?@!
!
M%,*&.'!#$7.!'#/;)!45/(&'&)9!'&9)'!/+!
-&)C&)9!11!%/!6#$)9.'!&)!B&/-/9&6$-!($5C.5'!
/+!'%5.''!%#$%!-.$*!%/!&--H#.$-%#P!
• !U)!$!K$)$*&$)!'%,*D!/+!1AMN!+/5!B5.$'%!
$)*!45/'%$%.!6$)6.5!4$%&.)%'!<X?:!
'&9)&+&6$)%-D!*.65.$'.*!'D(4%/('!/+!
'%5.''!;.5.!5.4/5%.*!$%!c!$)*!QX!(/)%#'!
+:)"4!%#.!.&9#%H;..C!45/95$(:!;#&6#!
6/55.'4/)*.*!;&%#!!
o !!E.65.$'.*!/"5*21",!-.7.-'!!o !!E.65.$'.*!-.7.-'!/+!&)+-$(($%/5D!
/7*"A2!(1!!o !!E.65.$'.*!'D'%/-&6!6,""&.05(11%5(!
!
R/!-.$5)!(/5.!$B/,%!11:!$)*!%/!B.9&)!$!
(.*&%$%&/)!45$6%&6.:!6/)%$6%P!
• J1$''!1.*&6$-!M6#//-L'!K.)%.5!+/5!
1&)*+,-).'':!;;;@,($''(.*@.*,d6+(:!
ZY_H_ZcHXcZc!
• U)'&9#%!1.*&%$%&/)!M/6&.%D!2A,**#&'%!
b&4$''$)$!%5$*&%&/)3:!
#%%4Pdd;;;@*#$5($@/59d&('d''o).;%/(
.*@#%(-!
!
• R#.!B/*D!#$)*-.'!'%5.''+,-!.84.5&.)6.'!
%#5/,9#!(,-%&4-.!'%5.''H5.'4/)'.!'D'%.('@!
R#.'.!'D'%.('!#.-4!#,($)'.0"12*2B(,7.5(10"!&.*".1*5(11.&)!%#.!13"5*#*(5)p%/!
',57&7.:!-.$5):!$)*!95/;!<Q?@!A,%:!%#.D!6$)!
B.6/(.!/7.5;/5C.*!$)*!/7.5$6%&7.!&)!
5.'4/)'.!%/!6#5/)&6-.*"82/.1*5(11:!;&%#!6$,'.'!
&)6-,*&)9!*&'65&(&)$%&/):!.(/%&/)$-!$)*!
4#D'&6$-!$B,'.:!/5!-&7&)9!;&%#!$!6#5/)&6!&--).''!
<QQ?@!N.'4/)'.!'D'%.('!&)6-,*.P!
o !!R#.!aD4/%#$-$(&6HO&%,&%$5DHV*5.)$-.=CDE>.+821P!5.'4/)'&B-.!+/5!%#.!F42'3*."5.4,2'3*G!5.'4/)'.:!;#&6#!5$&'.'!-.7.-'!/+!%#.!
'%5.''!#/5(/).!/"5*21",.&)!%#.!B-//*:!$)*!',445.''.'!5(05"&%/*2B(-!&2'(1*2B(.$)*!2))%!(.'D'%.('!
! H35"!2/+,,7.32'3./"5*21",!-.7.-'!$-'/!$++.6%!%#.!B5$&):!*.65.$'&)9!%#.!'&i.!
$)*!+,)6%&/)!/+!%#.!3200"/+)0%1p6.)%5$-!%/!-.$5)&)9:!(.(/5D:!$)*!
.(/%&/)$-!.84.5&.)6.!
o !!R#.!2!4,+))+*"57!5(10"!1(!26D%/C&).3!'D'%.(:!;#&6#!/7.5!%&(.!6$)!6/)%5&B,%.!%/!
#&9#!B-//*!45.'',5.:!$)8&.%D!$)*!
*.45.''&/)!
• K#$)9.'!&)!%#.'.!$)*!/%#.5!B/*D!'D'%.('!&)!
5.'4/)'.!%/!"B(5I3(,)2!'.1*5(11.=+,1"./+,,(&.+,,"1*+*2/."B(5,"+&>!#$7.!B..)!$''/6&$%.*!;&%#!$!;&*.!5$)9.!/+!$*7.5'.!)(!*+,.+!&.03712/+,.3(+,*3./"!&2*2"!1!<c:QQ?@!!
• M/(.!/+!%#.!-/)9H%.5(!#.$-%#!6/)*&%&/)'!%#$%!
#$7.!B..)!-&)C.*!;&%#!$6,%.!$)*!45/-/)9.*!
'%5.''!&)6-,*.!3(+5*.&21(+1(.+!&.3(+5*.+**+/A-.&2+6(*(1-.)(!*+,.2,,!(11-.+!&./+!/(5!<Z?@!
a/;!*/.'!1*5(11.$++.6%!(D!#.$-%#0!
a/;!*/.'!)2!&4%,!(11.)(&2*+*2"!!$++.6%!'%5.''!$)*!45/(/%.!#.$-%#0!