Strepsirhines Haplorhines

Lorisoidea“Mainland Africa”

Lemuroidea“Malagasy”

TarsioideaAnthropoidea

Cercopithecoidea“Old World Monkeys”

Platyrrhines

Hominoidea“Apes and Humans”

Lorises and Galagos

LemursCatarrhines

Tarsiers

Cebids, Atelids, and Callitrichids

Ceboidea“New World Monkeys”

Colobines andCercopithecines

Hylobatids, Pongids,and Hominids

StrepsirhinesMalagasy Strepsirhines

Madagascar

StrepsirhinesMalagasy Strepsirhines

• Characteristics:– dental tooth comb– grooming claw on

second digit of feet– postorbital bar– no postorbital closure– most have a

mandibular symphysis – unfused frontal bone– variations in foot

anatomy related to locomotion

Cheirogaleidae• 5 extant genera• Examples:

– Pygmy Mouse Lemur (Microcebus myoxinus)

– Coquerel’s Dwarf Lemur (Mirza coquereli)

– Fat-tailed Dwarf Lemur (Cheirogaleus medius)

• Characteristics:– Average weight ranging from 0.03-

0.6kg– Nocturnal– Arboreal quadrupeds– Microcebus myoxinus is smallest

living primate– Cheirogaleus medius hibernates for

up to 6 months– Most females only receptive to

mate for a few hours each year

Pygmy Mouse Lemur

Dwarf Lemur

Fat-tailed Dwarf Lemur

Lemuridae• 4 extant genera• Examples:

– Ring-tailed Lemur (Lemur Catta)

– Ruffed Lemur (Varecia variegata)

– Gray Bamboo Lemur (Hapalemur griseus)

• Characteristics:– Average weight ranging

from 0.6-2.2 kg– Diurnal– Mostly arboreal quadrupeds– Hapalemur uses some

Vertical Clinging and Leaping (VCL)

Ring-tailed Lemur

Bamboo Lemur

Ruffed Lemur

Lepilemuridae• 1 extant genus• Examples:

– White-footed Sportive Lemur (Lepilemur leucopus)

• Characteristics:– Average weight ranging

from 0.5-1.0kg– Nocturnal– Vertical Clingers and

Leapers (VCL)– Reingests its feces to get

broken-down cellulose

Sportive Lemur

Indriidae• 3 extant genera• Includes:

– Woolly Lemur (Avahi)– Sifaka (Propithecus)– Indri (Indri indri)

• Characteristics:– Average weight ranging from

0.7-6.8 kg– Specialized leapers with long

hindlimbs, feet, and hands– All specialized VCL’s– Avahi is nocturnal– Propithecus moves bipedally

on the ground– Indri has no tail

Sifaka

Indri

Daubentoniids

• Aye-aye (only extant species)• Characteristics:

– enormous ears– rodent like incisors– large clawed digits, except for hallux– third digit is extremely long and

slender– nocturnal– quadrupeds

Strepsirhines

• Includes:– Galagidae (bushbaby)– Lorisidae (potto, slow loris,

and slender loris)

• Characteristics:– grooming claw on the second

digit – nocturnal– arboreal quadrupeds– dental tooth comb

Mainland Africa Strepsirhines

Galagos and Lorises

Lorises

GalagoLoris

Galagos and Lorises• Examples of Galagos:

– Greater Bushbaby (Otolemur garnetti)– Senegal Bushbaby (Galago senegalensis)

• Characteristics:– Average weight ranging from 0.06-1.1kg– elongated calcaneus and navicular bones– VCL’s– Demidoff’s Bushbaby one of the smallest living

primates

• Examples of Lorises:– Slender Loris (Loris tardigradus)– Slow Loris (Nycticebus coucang)

• Characteristics:– Average weight range from 0.3-1.1kg– Slow and stealthy quadrupeds

Greater Bushbaby

Slender Loris Slow Loris