LANSCAPE & SITE PLANNING

LANDSCAPE&SITE PLANNINGENERGY CONSUMPTION Break-up of energy consumption57%5%16%22%Air ConditioningArea LightsMaintenanceVentilation fansCOOLING LOAD COMPONENTSA Break Up Of The Heat Gain Through Various Building ComponentsWALL CONDUCTIONROOF CONDUCTIONGLAZING CONDUCTIONINTERNAL GAINS (LIGHT, PEOPLE,COMPUTERS)3%16%26%55%Major Climatic Zones IndiaHOT & DRYOpen space with a northern exposure is preferred over open space with a southern exposure. Building shape may be more important than orientation.The best combination of shape and orientation is an elongated building on an east-west axis. Orientation so as to facilitate proper passage of air ventilation.Buildings should be aligned close to each other.Avoidance of excess dry ground, pavement.

LandscapingEast Side Deciduous TreesWest Side Evergreen TreesSouth Side Avoiding hardscapeSouth Facade Deciduous CreepersPresence of water body

WARM & HUMIDSITE PLANNINGChannel summer breezes toward the home.Maximize summershadewith trees that still allow penetration of low-angle winter sun.Elongated plans, single row of rooms to facilitate ventilation.Low rise is generally preferred.If building is low rise, proper wind channeling would be of greater priority.If building is high rise, avoiding direct sunlight would be of greater priority.

LANDSCAPINGAvoid locating planting beds close to the home if they require frequentwatering.

COMPOSITESITE PLANNINGModerately dense and low rise development is preferred.Enclosure walls to protect from hot & dusty winds.Courtyard is normally preferred.

LANDSCAPE High vegetation around helps to reduce dust.Deciduous plants are preferred.Courtyard with pergola and deciduous creepers ispreferred.

TEMPERATE

SITE PLANNINGMaximize warming effects of the sun in the winter.Maximizeshadeduring the summer.Deflect winter windsaway from buildings with windbreaks of trees and shrubs on the north and northwest side of the house.Tunnel summer breezes toward the home.

COLDSITE PLANNINGUse densewindbreaksto protect the home from cold winter winds.Allow the winter sun to reach south-facing windows.Shadesouth and west windows and walls from the direct summer sun, if summer overheating is a problem.

LANDSCAPINGConiferous trees is more preferable. Some of the temperate trees can also survive in this region.

DEVELOPMENT AND BUILDING FOOTPRINTMinimising the development footprint (building footprint, roadway, walkway, parking areas, or other hardscape)

Design a taller building with a smaller footprint, rather than a shorter building with a larger footprint (given the GFA is the same in both cases)

The overall intent is to minimise its impact on its site, surrounding environment and resources which is why minimising impervious surfaces and maximising green and open space are key initial steps towards meeting that goal.

DEVELOPMENT AND BUILDING FOOTPRINTProvide the minimum number of parking spaces required by code and encourage alternative or mass transportation. This will reduce the area required for parking and roadway which usually are impervious surfaces. o Place vehicular parking underground or in a multi-storey parking garage. Underground parking garages need to be evaluated in terms of cost and benefit since mechanical or conditioned ventilation is then required which adds energy demand. However, this strategy does minimise site area required for parking and therefore reduce heat island impacts. Above ground parking garages can be naturally ventilated while still minimising site area required as compared to a surface parking lot. o Minimise road areas on site. Good site planning can keep internal roadways and other associated accesses (i.e. Loading or services) to a minimum.Bringing in daylight via window openings at appropriate heights, skylights and/or atrium spaces.

Establishing and understanding prevailing wind directions and how they work on your specific site will affect massing and orientation decisions.

Built-up areas cause local temperatures to rise due to surface absorption and radiation of solar heat, resulting in heat island effects.

Why Landscaping ?Cut summer and winter energy costs dramatically.Help control noise and air pollution.Can reduce ambient air temperature, improve air qualityMitigate Urban Heat Island effect. Reduces heat gain and energy consumption

Godrej Bhavan Terrace Garden, Mumbai GROUND GREENERY GREEN ROOFS VERTICAL GREEN WALLSMAIN TYPES OF GREENERY:GROUND GREENERYprotects against heat build-up controls ambient temperatures at a macro level.Includes water bodies, paving etc.

GREEN ROOFSprovides thermal insulation to interior spaces below it becomes a habitable space for people and animals, thereby promoting biodiversity.slows storm water runoff and improve its quality

VERTICAL GREEN WALLSreduces heat transmission into the building, if installed on the east and west faades protects the faade from weathering forms feature walls that express creativityrequires early consideration for maintenance, structural safety, irrigation and long-term durability of the backing wall.

GROUND COVERTreesGrassShrubsCreepers

Bio-swales are densely vegetated open channels constructed with gentle slopes to allow runoff to be channeled and filtered by vegetation. The runoff that passed through the bio-swales can be directed away for re-use or to public drains. Bio-swales further help to slow down the flow and reduce the amount of storm water runoffs

Shrubs, palms and small trees may be planted densely and linearly or as an alternative to fencing, boundary walls, etc. They can soften and disguise the boundary lines and create an overall green appearance for the streetscape and neighborhood. They can also be used to demarcate different areas of use, restrict movement into the area.SKYRISE GREENERY Vertical greenery systems on faades Sky terraces, balcony planters and green balconies

Carrier System

Support System

18SKY GARDEN

Increase the thermal resistance of the roofsRoof top gardens have been measured to reduce surface temperatures of roof by more than 10C.

Extensive green roofsIntensive green roofs

Careful selection and planting of trees around your home can help reduce your energy bills.

Provide outdoor shade for summer and greatly reduce the ground temperatureCooling by evaporation decreases as the humidity in the air increases.a lush garden enabling you to take advantage of the cooling effect of airThe form, density and rigidity of vegetation will affect air movement differently. They may even reduce the heat content of the air passing through its foliage to bring about a temperature reduction of the wind. Shrubs outside a window can also create positive and negative pressure zones, thereby channeling and increasing the wind velocity as it enters the room.

IGBC Standards1 Total paved area of the site under parking, roads, paths or any other use should not exceed 25% of the site area or net imperviousness of the site not to exceed the imperviousness factor as prescribed by the NBC 2005 (BIS 2005b), whichever is more stringent.Total surface parking should not exceed the area as permissible under the local by-law andmore than 50% of the paved area to have pervious paving/open-grid pavement/ grass paver or a minimum 50% of the paved area (including parking) to have shading by vegetated roof/pergola with planters or a minimum 50% of the paved area (including parking) to be topped with finish having solar reflectance of 0.5 or higher.

ENERGY SAVINGA well-planned landscape can cut down the summer air-conditioning costs by 15% to 50%.Keep land disturbance to a minimum and retain prime vegetation features to the extent possible.Reduce building and paving footprints.Use porous (pervious) alternatives to traditional paving for roads and walkways. (SRI > 49)

ENERGY SAVINGIdentify trees that can be protected and conserved. Depending on the type of species, trees can take at least 5 years to reach maturity. Hence, they should be left intact as long as possible. If not, they should be removed and transplanted back to the development when it is completed.Houses with windbreaks placed only on the windward side averaged 25% less consumption than similar unprotected homes.well-planned landscape can reduce your winter heating bills by approximately one-third.

Sound barrierVisual barrierWind sheltering